CN115184393A - Integrated device and method for extracting second-phase particles in steel through electrolysis - Google Patents
Integrated device and method for extracting second-phase particles in steel through electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN115184393A CN115184393A CN202210782057.6A CN202210782057A CN115184393A CN 115184393 A CN115184393 A CN 115184393A CN 202210782057 A CN202210782057 A CN 202210782057A CN 115184393 A CN115184393 A CN 115184393A
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006758 bulk electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/2202—Preparing specimens therefor
Abstract
The invention provides an integrated device and method for extracting second-phase particles in steel through electrolysis, and belongs to the technical field of metal physical research. The device comprises a main control device, a direct-current power supply, a refrigeration compressor, an electrolyte automatic filling system, an electrolysis tool and ultrasonic waves, wherein the components are integrated together through a stainless steel shell, the main control device automatically controls refrigeration, electrolysis on/off, the electrolyte filling system and the ultrasonic waves to start and stop, the electrolysis tool is used for placing a sample, and the direct-current power supply supplies power for an electrolysis process. The invention integrates the direct current power supply, the refrigeration compressor and the ultrasonic wave together, and integrates the automatic electrolyte filling system, thereby greatly simplifying the experimental process and difficulty, improving the operability and the normalization of the experiment, particularly leading the second phase particles on the surface of the sample to enter the electrolyte in time by using the ultrasonic wave, and increasing the electrolysis efficiency.
Description
The patent application is divisional application of application numbers 201710491971.4, application date 20170626 and invention name of integrated device and method for electrowinning second phase particles in steel.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal physics research, in particular to an integrated device and a method for electrolytically extracting second-phase particles in steel.
Background
The type, shape, size and distribution of micron-sized nonmetallic inclusions in metal alloys such as steel and the like can cause negative influences of different degrees on the mechanical property, service life and surface quality of finished products of the alloys, and meanwhile, the nanoscale second-phase particles can play a role in enhancing the obdurability of the alloys. Therefore, the accurate detection of the nonmetallic inclusion and the second-phase particles in the metal materials such as steel and the like has very important guiding significance for accurately detecting the performance of the resulting materials and improving the additional value of the materials.
At present, the method for separating and detecting nonmetallic inclusions in steel mainly comprises a traditional metallographic method, a bulk electrolysis method and an anhydrous electrolysis method. The three-dimensional morphology of the inclusions on the metal surface and the second-phase particles can only be inferred by observing the two-dimensional morphology of the inclusions and the second-phase particles in the traditional metallographic analysis, the three-dimensional morphology of the inclusions cannot be observed visually, and a great error exists; the electrolysis time of the bulk electrolysis method is long (more than 10 days), and in addition, only the inclusion particles with larger size (> 40 mu m) in the steel can be obtained generally due to the use of acid liquor, but the inclusions and second phase particles with smaller size cannot be obtained. The patent method for extracting superfine impurities in steel by an electrolytic method, the patent method for extracting nonmetallic impurities in steel by an electrolyte and the electrolyte thereof, and the patent method for extracting fine impurities in steel by electrolysis of a neutral salt electrolyte all adopt nonaqueous neutral solution to carry out electrolysis to obtain impurities, and improve the accuracy of extracting the impurities in the steel by adjusting the components of the electrolyte. The patent electrolytic device and method for efficiently extracting inclusions in steel adds a rotating device and adjusts the rotating direction to improve the electrolytic effect. But the device of above-mentioned these patents is all with the refrigeration cabinet, and subassembly such as DC power supply and electrolysis trough are assembled and are used, need assemble before the use, need dismantle the device after the experiment and wash, and it is very inconvenient to use, and operating personnel need train specially, and different operating personnel probably lead to the error of different degrees moreover, because volatilization of electrolyte at the operation process, need many times artificially annotate electrolyte, and this has also caused very big inconvenience for the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated device and a method for electrolytically extracting second-phase particles from steel.
The device comprises a main control device, a direct-current power supply, a refrigeration compressor, an automatic electrolyte filling system, an electrolysis tool, ultrasonic waves and a refrigerator, wherein the components are integrated together through a stainless steel shell, the main control device automatically controls the refrigeration compressor, the automatic electrolyte filling system and the ultrasonic wave switch, the electrolysis tool is used for placing a sample and carrying out electrolysis, and the direct-current power supply supplies power for the electrolysis process.
Wherein, the working voltage of the device is 220V/50Hz, the control voltage of the direct current power supply is as follows: DC24V, maximum output power of the DC power supply: DC100V/5A.
When the device is used, the specific method is as follows:
firstly, filling prepared electrolyte into an automatic filling tank of an automatic electrolyte filling system, and adding the electrolyte into an electrolytic tank where an electrolytic tool is located through the automatic filling tank; then, the steel sample is installed as the anode through an electrolysis tool, the stainless steel electrolytic tank is used as the cathode, the temperature in the cold cabinet is reduced to 0 ℃, electrolysis is started, and the current is controlled to be less than 200mA/cm during electrolysis 2 Carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 minutes by pressing an ultrasonic switch every hour to enable impurities and second-phase particles on the steel sample to fall into the solution, and finishing electrolysis after 4-6 hours; finally, collecting the electrolyte, washing the electrolyte with deionized water, standing for one day, removing the organic solution on the surface layer, magnetically separating to remove the oxide and carbide of iron, elutriating to obtain inclusions and second-phase particles, and using bamboo sticks to stick the second-phase particlesAnd (4) after the two-phase particles are led onto the conductive adhesive, observing the morphology, the components and the sizes of the second-phase particles by using a scanning electron microscope.
Wherein the electrolyte is 1-5% of tetramethylammonium chloride by mass, 2-15% of glycerol by volume, 2-16% of triethanolamine by volume and the balance of methanol.
And an automatic filling tank of the automatic electrolyte filling system automatically fills electrolyte into the electrolytic tank according to the reduction of the liquid level in the electrolytic tank.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, the direct-current power supply, the air compressor for refrigeration, the ultrasonic waves and the electrolytic tank are integrated into one instrument, and the automatic electrolyte filling system is integrated, so that the experimental process and the difficulty can be greatly simplified, the operability and the standardization of the experiment are also improved, particularly, the second-phase particles on the test surface can timely enter the electrolyte by using the ultrasonic waves, and the electrolysis efficiency is increased. The concrete effects are as follows:
(1) The invention integrates the refrigeration cabinet, the direct current power supply, the ultrasonic wave, the electrolyte automatic filling system, the electrolytic bath and the like into one instrument, does not need to be assembled and disassembled, greatly simplifies the complexity of the test, simultaneously prolongs the service life of the assembly, and is beneficial to the commercial popularization of the technology and the instrument.
(2) The invention uses the relay to realize the automatic control of the refrigeration, electrolysis, ultrasonic and other functions, and can realize the corresponding functions only by pressing the corresponding switch button, thereby greatly improving the operability and the normalization of the experiment.
(3) The invention uses the automatic electrolyte filling system, and automatically fills a proper amount of electrolyte into the electrolytic cell in the electrolytic process according to the reduction of the electrolytic solution level, thereby avoiding the inconvenience of manually filling the electrolyte at certain time intervals, and the problems of electrolysis interruption and oxidation caused by not replenishing the electrolyte in time, and improving the stability and quality of electrolysis.
(4) The invention integrates ultrasonic wave and an electrolytic cell together, and starts the ultrasonic function at certain time intervals in the electrolytic process, so that second phase particles on the surface of the sample can enter the electrolyte in time, and the electrolytic efficiency is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an integrated apparatus for electrowinning second phase particles from steel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the integrated apparatus for electrowinning second phase particles from steel in accordance with the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a master control device; 2-a direct current power supply; 3-a refrigeration compressor; 4-electrolyte filling system; 5-electrolytic tooling; 6-ultrasonic wave; 7-a refrigerator; 8-stainless steel housing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an integrated device and method for electrolytically extracting second-phase particles from steel.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the device integrates a main control device 1, a direct current power supply 2, a refrigeration compressor 3, an automatic electrolyte filling system 4, an electrolysis tool 5, ultrasonic waves 6 and a refrigerator 7 together through a stainless steel shell 8, the main control device 1 automatically controls the refrigeration compressor 3, the automatic electrolyte filling system 4 and the ultrasonic waves 6 to be switched on and off, the electrolysis tool 5 is used for placing a sample and carrying out electrolysis, and the direct current power supply 2 supplies power for an electrolysis process.
Wherein, the direct current power supply 2 controls the voltage: DC24V, maximum output power of the direct current power supply 2: DC100V/5A.
The device has the following specific using process:
firstly, filling prepared electrolyte into an automatic filling groove of an automatic electrolyte filling system 4, and adding the electrolyte into an electrolytic tank where an electrolytic tool 5 is located through the automatic filling groove; then, the metal sample is made into a round bar with the diameter of about 10mm and the length of 100mm or a metal sheet with the diameter of 2 x 20 x 100mm, the round bar is installed as an anode through an electrolysis tool 5, a stainless steel electrolytic cell is used as a cathode, the temperature in a refrigerator 7 is reduced to 0 ℃ by pressing a refrigeration button from a main control device 1, an electrolysis button on the main control device 1 is opened to start electrolysis, and the current is controlled to be less than 200mA/cm during electrolysis 2 Ultrasonic treatment is carried out for about 2 minutes per hour by pressing an ultrasonic switch so as to lead the impurities and the second impurities on the steel sampleThe phase particles fall into the solution, and the electrolysis is finished after 4 to 6 hours; and finally, collecting the electrolyte, washing the electrolyte by using deionized water, standing for one day, removing a surface organic solution, performing magnetic separation to remove oxides and carbides of iron, elutriating to obtain inclusions and second-phase particles, guiding the second-phase particles onto the conductive adhesive by using a bamboo stick, and observing the morphology, components and size of the second-phase particles by using a scanning electron microscope.
The electrolyte comprises 1-5% of tetramethylammonium chloride by mass, 2-15% of glycerol by volume, 2-16% of triethanolamine by volume and the balance of methanol.
In the device, the automatic filling tank of the automatic electrolyte filling system 4 can automatically fill the electrolyte into the electrolytic tank according to the reduction of the liquid level in the electrolytic tank.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An integrated device for electrowinning second phase particles from steel, comprising: the automatic electrolyte filling device comprises a main control device (1), a direct current power supply (2), a refrigeration compressor (3), an automatic electrolyte filling system (4), an electrolysis tool (5), ultrasonic waves (6) and a refrigerator (7), wherein the components are wrapped by a stainless steel shell (8) and integrated together, the main control device (1) automatically controls the refrigeration compressor (3), the electrolysis tool (5) and the ultrasonic waves (6) to be switched on and off, the electrolysis tool (5) is used for placing a sample and carrying out electrolysis, and the direct current power supply (2) supplies power for an electrolysis process.
2. The integrated apparatus for electrowinning of second phase particles in steel according to claim 1, wherein: the direct current power supply (2) controls the voltage: DC24V, maximum output power of the direct current power supply (2): DC100V/5A.
3. The method of using the integrated apparatus for electrowinning second phase particles in steel of claim 1, wherein:
firstly, filling prepared electrolyte into an automatic filling groove of an automatic electrolyte filling system (4), and adding the electrolyte into an electrolytic tank where an electrolytic tool (5) is located through the automatic filling groove;
then, the steel sample is installed as the anode through an electrolysis tool (5), the stainless steel electrolytic tank is used as the cathode, the temperature in a refrigerator (7) is reduced to 0 ℃, electrolysis is started, and the current is controlled to be less than 200mA/cm during electrolysis 2 Carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 minutes every hour by pressing an ultrasonic switch to enable inclusions and second phase particles on the steel sample to fall into the solution, and finishing electrolysis after 4-6 hours;
and finally, collecting the electrolyte, washing the electrolyte by using deionized water, standing for one day, removing a surface organic solution, performing magnetic separation to remove oxides and carbides of iron, elutriating to obtain inclusions and second-phase particles, guiding the second-phase particles onto the conductive adhesive by using a bamboo stick, and observing the morphology, components and size of the second-phase particles by using a scanning electron microscope.
4. The use method of the integrated device for electrowinning the second phase particles in steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the electrolyte is composed of 1-5% of tetramethylammonium chloride by mass, 2-15% of glycerol by volume, 2-16% of triethanolamine by volume and the balance of methanol.
5. The use method of the integrated device for electrowinning the second phase particles in steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: and the automatic filling tank of the automatic electrolyte filling system (4) automatically fills the electrolyte into the electrolytic tank according to the reduction of the liquid level in the electrolytic tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210782057.6A CN115184393A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | Integrated device and method for extracting second-phase particles in steel through electrolysis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210782057.6A CN115184393A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | Integrated device and method for extracting second-phase particles in steel through electrolysis |
| CN201710491971.4A CN107167487A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | The integrating device and method of second phase particles in a kind of electroextraction steel |
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| CN201710491971.4A Division CN107167487A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | The integrating device and method of second phase particles in a kind of electroextraction steel |
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| CN201710491971.4A Pending CN107167487A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | The integrating device and method of second phase particles in a kind of electroextraction steel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108827991B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-04-30 | 中南大学 | Reinforced phase characterization method of ferromagnetic alloy block and/or film |
| CN108802079B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-08-14 | 中南大学 | Second phase characterization method of ferromagnetic alloy powder |
| CN111879835B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-11-15 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Device and method for nondestructively extracting inclusions in steel |
| CN112255252B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-03-11 | 中南大学 | Method for extracting nano second phase by using non-aqueous solution electrolysis system |
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Application publication date: 20221014 |