CN115180801A - All-electric melting furnace for continuous basalt fiber production and production process - Google Patents
All-electric melting furnace for continuous basalt fiber production and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115180801A CN115180801A CN202210843567.XA CN202210843567A CN115180801A CN 115180801 A CN115180801 A CN 115180801A CN 202210843567 A CN202210843567 A CN 202210843567A CN 115180801 A CN115180801 A CN 115180801A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum;silicon Chemical compound [Mo]#[Si] GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium ion Chemical compound [Ti+4] LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052655 plagioclase feldspar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/033—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by using resistance heaters above or in the glass bath, i.e. by indirect resistance heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/24—Automatically regulating the melting process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-electric melting furnace for continuous basalt fiber production and a production process, which aim to solve the technical problems of short service life and high cost of an electrode melting furnace in the prior art. The device comprises a furnace body (1), a feed inlet (2), a melting zone (3), a homogenizing zone (4), a melting zone thermocouple (5), a homogenizing zone thermocouple (6), a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8), a partition wall (9) and a discharge hole (11); the melting area (3) and the homogenizing area (4) are separated by a partition wall (9), and the temperature and the heat supply power of the two areas are respectively controlled; the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8) is vertically arranged in a mounting hole at the top of the furnace body (1), and the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8) is separated from the furnace top, the furnace wall and the liquid level of the melt; the melting zone thermocouple (5) and the homogenizing zone thermocouple (6) respectively penetrate into the melting zone (3) and the homogenizing zone (4), and the temperature of each zone is detected timely. The invention prolongs the service life of the all-electric melting furnace, and can greatly improve the production stability and the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of basalt fiber production, in particular to an all-electric melting furnace and a production process for continuous basalt fiber production.
Background
The Continuous Basalt Fiber (CBF) is an inorganic non-metallic material formed by taking natural basalt ore as a raw material, crushing the raw material, adding the crushed raw material into a melting furnace, melting the raw material at a high temperature of 1450-1500 ℃, and flowing out of the melting furnace through a platinum-rhodium alloy bushing plate under the drawing of a wire drawing machine.
The natural basalt ore as the raw material for producing basalt fiber has complex mineral characteristics and wide component range, so the main production mode of the fiber at present is mainly a unit furnace, and the tank furnace production mode is reported but still in an exploration stage. And because the iron content of the basalt melt is high, the heat permeability is poor, and the corrosion to refractory materials is serious, the production of the basalt fiber tank furnace has no popularization. There are two types of all-electric furnaces (patent No. CN 20140130881.9) and two types of electric combination (patent No. CN 201510907336.0) for the unit furnace. The fiber production methods described in the two patents have advantages, but have prominent defects, the electrode of the all-electric melting furnace is immersed in the melt, equipment needs to be added during the initial temperature rise, the basalt melt has serious erosion to the electrode, the electrode current is easy to be conducted through refractory materials, the erosion to the refractory materials is serious, the service life of the melting furnace is short, and the construction and maintenance costs are high. The gas-electricity combined production mode has the advantages that a large amount of heat can be taken away by flue gas generated by fuel gas, the energy consumption is high, the influence of carbon emission and the limitation of regional energy are caused, and the large-scale popularization is not easy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an all-electric melting furnace for continuous basalt fiber production and a production process, and aims to solve the technical problems of short service life and high cost of an electrode melting furnace in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an all-electric furnace for producing continuous basalt fibers and a production process, and is characterized by comprising a furnace body, a feeding port, a melting area, a homogenizing area, a thermocouple of the melting area, a thermocouple of the homogenizing area, a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod, a partition wall and a discharging port;
the melting area and the homogenizing area are separated by partition walls, and the temperature and the heat supply power of the two areas are respectively controlled; the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod is vertically arranged in a mounting hole at the top of the furnace body, and is separated from the furnace top, the furnace wall and the liquid level of the melt; the melting zone thermocouple and the homogenization zone thermocouple respectively penetrate into the melting zone and the homogenization zone, and the temperature of each zone is detected timely; the output ends of the melting zone thermocouple and the homogenizing zone thermocouple are connected with an upper computer, the upper computer is connected with a controlled silicon, the controlled silicon is connected with a transformer, the transformer is connected with the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod, the temperatures of the melting zone and the homogenizing zone of the melting furnace are arranged on the upper computer, the temperatures of the melting zone thermocouple and the homogenizing zone thermocouple are timely detected and fed back to the upper computer, and the upper computer adjusts the power of the transformer by adjusting the opening degree of the controlled silicon, so that the heat productivity of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod is adjusted.
The device further comprises a liquid level platinum probe which is vertically arranged at the top of the furnace body and used for collecting the liquid level height and controlling the feeding rate, so that the aim of accurately controlling the liquid level height is fulfilled; the liquid level platinum probe is connected with an input port of the liquid level instrument, an output port of the liquid level instrument is connected with the variable-frequency feeder, and the feeding speed of the variable-frequency feeder is controlled by detecting the height condition of the liquid level through the liquid level instrument, so that the liquid level is controlled to fluctuate slightly within a set height range.
Furthermore, the melting zone and the homogenizing zone are both provided with heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods, the number of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods in the melting zone is set to be 20-30, the power is 100-150 Kw/h, the number of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods in the homogenizing zone is set to be 9-15, the power is 50-80 Kw/h, the temperature in the melting zone can be heated to 1600 ℃ according to the requirement, and the temperature in the homogenizing zone can be heated to 1450-1500 ℃ according to the production requirement.
Furthermore, the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod is a U-shaped heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod.
Furthermore, the adjacent distance between the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods is 150-250 mm, and the distance between the installation position of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods and the liquid level is 50-100 mm.
Furthermore, an observation port is arranged on the lateral side of the furnace body.
A process for continuously producing basalt fibers is characterized by comprising the following production steps:
s1: charging, namely putting basalt ore into the furnace body from a charging hole;
s2: melting basalt ores, forming a hill-shaped material pile in a melting area below a charging opening after the basalt ores enter a melting furnace, melting the surface of the basalt ores under the heat provided by a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod, enabling liquid flow formed by melting to carry unmelted particles to flow from front to back in the melting area, gradually increasing the temperature of the melt after being heated, and melting the unmelted particles to form an uneven basalt melt;
s3: homogenizing, wherein the inhomogeneous melt flows into a homogenizing area through a flow channel below the partition wall, the viscosity of the melt is reduced due to the temperature rise, and the melt forms homogeneous melt meeting the requirement of continuous basalt fiber production under the action of thermal convection and diffusion.
Furthermore, the height of the liquid level in the melting zone in the melting furnace is 120-200 mm, and the height of the homogenizing zone is 60-100 mm.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention at least can produce the following technical effects:
(1) The basalt is melted by taking electricity as an energy source, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the regional adaptability is strong. Compared with an electric combined smelting furnace, the electric smelting furnace does not generate smoke, and the heating of the electric heating element is mainly supplied to the melting of ores and the homogenization of melts, so that the heat utilization rate is greatly improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
(2) The silicon-molybdenum rod for heating is vertically arranged in the space of the smelting furnace and is not contacted with the melt, the melt can not erode the silicon-molybdenum rod, and the operation of installation, maintenance, replacement and the like is convenient. Meanwhile, the invention does not need to increase the furnace drying facility any more, ensures the integrity of the furnace body to a greater extent, and greatly reduces the equipment (material) cost and the maintenance cost.
(3) Is favorable for ore melting and melt homogenization. The silicon-molybdenum rods are distributed according to the energy requirements of melting and homogenizing requirements, and meanwhile, the temperature system can be set and adjusted according to the characteristics of raw materials, the operation condition of a kiln and the process requirements, so that the complete melting and sufficient homogenization of ores are ensured, and the non-uniformity of temperature and quality caused by solid inclusion and insufficient homogenization due to incomplete melting of the ores is avoided.
(4) The service life of the all-electric melting furnace is prolonged. Because the basalt melt has low conductivity, the current is often communicated through the surface of the refractory material to heat the refractory material, so that the refractory material is seriously eroded. Meanwhile, the iron content in the basalt melt is high, the erosion to the electrode is also very serious, and according to practical experience, the service life of the basalt furnace electrode is only 1/5 of that of a glass furnace. The silicon-molybdenum rod heating element is not in direct contact with a melt and a refractory material, so that the service life of the kiln is greatly prolonged.
(5) Can greatly improve the production stability and the product quality. Compared with an electric combined smelting furnace and an original all-electric smelting furnace, the electric smelting furnace has stricter requirements and guarantee conditions for smelting and clarifying, simultaneously reduces solid inclusions caused by peeling of refractory materials, guarantees uniformity and stability of a melt, further ensures stability of fiber operation, and is beneficial to improvement of fiber quality.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of furnace temperature control;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of melt level control;
names of corresponding components represented by numerals or letters in the drawings:
1. a furnace body; 2. a feed inlet; 3. a melting zone; 4. a homogenization zone; 5. a melting zone thermocouple; 501. an upper computer; 502. silicon controlled rectifier; 503. a transformer; 6. a homogenization zone thermocouple; 7. a liquid level platinum probe; 701. a liquid level meter; 702. a variable frequency feeder; 8. heating a silicon-molybdenum rod; 9. a partition wall; 10. an observation port; 11. a discharge port;
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should be considered to be absent and not within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprises a furnace body 1, a charging opening 2, a melting area 3, a homogenizing area 4, a melting area thermocouple 5, a homogenizing area thermocouple 6, a liquid level platinum probe 7, a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod 8, a partition wall 9, an observation opening 10 and a discharge opening 11; the melting zone 3 and the homogenizing zone 4 are separated by a partition wall 9, and the temperature and the heat supply power of the two zones are respectively controlled; the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod 8 is vertically arranged in a mounting hole at the top of the furnace body 1, and the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod 8 is separated from the furnace top, the furnace wall and the liquid level of the melt; the melting zone thermocouple 5 and the homogenizing zone thermocouple 6 respectively penetrate into the melting zone 3 and the homogenizing zone 4, the temperature of each zone is detected timely, and the observation port 10 is arranged on the lateral side of the furnace body 1.
The output ends of the melting zone thermocouple 5 and the homogenization zone thermocouple 6 are connected with an upper computer 501, the upper computer 501 is connected with a controllable silicon 502, the controllable silicon 502 is connected with a transformer 503, the transformer 503 is connected with the heat supply silicon molybdenum rod 8, the temperatures of the melting zone 3 and the homogenization zone 4 of the melting furnace are arranged on the upper computer 501, the melting zone thermocouple 5 and the homogenization zone thermocouple 6 timely detect the temperatures of the zones and feed the temperatures back to the upper computer 501, and the upper computer 501 adjusts the power of the transformer 503 by adjusting the opening of the controllable silicon 502, so that the heat generation amount of the heat supply silicon molybdenum rod 8 is adjusted.
Wherein the feeding device is a variable-frequency feeder 702, a liquid level platinum probe 7 is connected with an input port of a liquid level instrument 701, an output port of the liquid level instrument 701 is connected with the variable-frequency feeder 702, and the feeding speed of the variable-frequency feeder 702 is controlled by detecting the height condition of the liquid level in linkage control of the liquid level instrument 701, so that the liquid level is controlled to fluctuate slightly in the set height range without influencing the process stability and the operation stability of the smelting furnace.
The ore melting furnace is built by refractory materials and heat-insulating materials, the refractory materials respectively adopt chrome bricks (tank wall bricks at the contact part with the melt), electric-melting zirconia corundum bricks (tank wall bricks at the non-contact part with the basalt melt), corundum mullite bricks (crown bricks) and the like according to the position and the functional requirements of the melting furnace, and the heat-insulating materials respectively consist of corundum bricks, light weight bricks, light clay bricks and calcium silicate boards (aluminum silicate fiber blankets) from inside to outside. The melting furnace is divided into a melting area 3 and a homogenizing area 4 by a partition wall 5 according to the process requirements, and the ore melting and the melt homogenization are correspondingly completed.
The heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods are vertically arranged on the top of the furnace, and in order to meet the continuous production requirement of the bushing plate with 400 holes, 20 to 30 groups of U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods are arranged in the melting area, and the power is 100 to 150Kw/h; 9 to 15 groups of U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods are arranged in the homogenizing zone, and the power is 50 to 80Kw/h. The installation distance of the silicon-molybdenum rods is 150-250 mm, and the installation height is 50-100 mm above the liquid level. The melting zone and the homogenizing zone respectively control the temperature system according to the melting and homogenizing requirements of the basalt, and the temperature control principle is shown in figure 2. According to the basalt melting requirement, the temperature of the melting zone can be heated to 1600 ℃, and the fact that most minerals in basalt ores can be completely melted is guaranteed.
Specifically, the production process for the continuous basalt fibers comprises the following production steps:
1. raw materials. Based on the production requirements of the equipment, the melting requirements of the basalt melt and the molding requirements of the basalt fibers, the basalt ore suitable for the invention must meet the following requirements, as shown in tables 1, 2 and 3:
TABLE 1 Ore particle size range (by weight)
| Particle size range (unit: mm) | ＜4.75 | 4.75～13.2 | 13.2～16 | ＞16 |
| Distribution requirement (wt.%) | ＜5％ | ≥85％ | ＜10％ | 0 |
TABLE 2 Ore composition requirements
| Index (I) | Chemical formula (II) | Value of range |
| Silicon | SiO 2 | 47％～56％ |
| Aluminium | Al 2 O 3 | 11％～17％ |
| Total iron | Fe 2 O 3 + |
7％～14％ |
| Potassium sodium salt | Na 2 O+K 2 O | 2.5％～8％ |
| Calcium magnesium | CaO+ |
6％～14％ |
| Titanium (IV) | TiO 2 | ＜4％ |
| Acid Modulus (MK) | (SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 )/(CaO+MgO) | 4.5％～10％ |
| Ignition loss (L.0.I) | L.O.I | ＜4％ |
TABLE 3 mineral composition requirements
| Mineral component | Plagioclase feldspar | Pyroxene | Quartz | Vitreous material | Mica | Opacifying minerals |
| Content (%) | 65～75 | 15～25 | 2～5 | 3～5 | 0～2 | 1～2 |
2. And (5) adding materials. And putting the basalt ore meeting the requirements into the smelting furnace from the feed inlet 2. The feeding rate is realized by changing the frequency of a feeder after detecting the liquid level height of the melt, the liquid level height is set to meet the requirements of basalt melting and melt homogenization, and on the other hand, the liquid level height of a melting zone in the furnace is 120-200 mm, and the height of a homogenization zone is 60-100 mm.
3. And (4) melting. The basalt ore can form a mountain-shaped material pile below the charging opening 2 after entering the melting furnace, the surface of the basalt ore starts to melt under the heat provided by the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod 8, and liquid flow formed by melting flows from front to back along with unmelted particles. The temperature of the melt is gradually increased, and the unmelted particles are also melted with the melt to form an uneven basalt melt. The melting capacity of the melting furnace is about 500Kg/d according to the production capacity of the 400-hole bushing.
4. And (6) homogenizing. The heterogeneous melt flows into the homogenization zone 4 through a flow channel below the dividing wall 9, and the viscosity of the melt decreases as a result of the temperature increase (melt viscosity values in the vicinity of approximately 10Pa · S). The melt forms homogeneous melt meeting the requirement of continuous basalt fiber production under the action of heat convection and diffusion.
In order to ensure the melting of the ore and the homogenization of the melt, heat is continuously supplied to the melting furnace. The melting furnace of the invention is completely heated by electricity to provide heat, the electric energy is converted into heat energy through the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod 8 to melt ores and homogenize melt, and the melt is ensured to have enough temperature to meet the molding requirement. The temperature control of the furnace is fully automatic and is shown in the schematic diagram 2. The upper computer 501 is provided with the temperatures of the melting zone 3 and the homogenizing zone 4 of the smelting furnace, the thermocouples 5 and 6 timely detect the temperatures of the zones and feed the temperatures back to the upper computer 501, and the upper computer 501 adjusts the power of the transformer by adjusting the opening degree of the controllable silicon 502 to adjust the heat productivity of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the temperature control purpose is achieved.
Experiments prove that the equipment can meet the melting requirement of high-quality melt required by producing 9-22 mu m continuous basalt fibers.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. An all-electric furnace for producing continuous basalt fibers is characterized by comprising a furnace body (1), a feeding port (2), a melting zone (3), a homogenizing zone (4), a melting zone thermocouple (5), a homogenizing zone thermocouple (6), a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8), a partition wall (9) and a discharging port (11);
the melting area (3) and the homogenizing area (4) are separated by a partition wall (9), so that the temperature and the heat supply power of the melting area (3) and the homogenizing area (4) can be conveniently and independently set; the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8) is vertically arranged in a mounting hole at the top of the furnace body (1), and the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8) is separated from the furnace top, the furnace wall and the melt liquid level; the melting zone thermocouple (5) and the homogenization zone thermocouple (6) are respectively arranged in the melting zone (3) and the homogenization zone (4) and are used for detecting the temperature of each zone in time;
the output ends of the melting zone thermocouple (5) and the homogenization zone thermocouple (6) are connected with an upper computer (501), the upper computer (501) is connected with a controllable silicon (502), the controllable silicon (502) is connected with a transformer (503), the transformer (503) is connected with the heat supply silicon molybdenum rod (8), the temperatures of the melting zone (3) and the homogenization zone (4) of the melting furnace are arranged on the upper computer (501), the melting zone thermocouple (5) and the homogenization zone thermocouple (6) timely detect the temperatures of the zones and feed the temperatures back to the upper computer (501), and the upper computer (501) adjusts the power of the transformer (503) by adjusting the opening degree of the controllable silicon (502), so that the heat productivity of the heat supply silicon molybdenum rod (8) is adjusted.
2. An all-electric furnace for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is characterized by also comprising a liquid level platinum probe (7), wherein the liquid level platinum probe (7) is vertically arranged at the top of the furnace body (1);
the liquid level platinum probe (7) is connected with an input port of the liquid level instrument (701), an output port of the liquid level instrument (701) is connected with the variable-frequency feeder (702), and the feeding speed of the variable-frequency feeder (702) is controlled by detecting the height of the liquid level through the liquid level instrument (701), so that the liquid level is controlled to fluctuate slightly within a set height range.
3. An all-electric furnace for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, wherein: the melting zone (3) and the homogenizing zone (4) are both provided with heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods (8), the number of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods (8) in the melting zone (3) is set to be 20-30, the power is 100-150 Kw/h, the number of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods (8) in the homogenizing zone (4) is set to be 9-15, the power is 50-80 Kw/h, the temperature of the melting zone (3) can be heated to 1600 ℃ according to the requirement, and the temperature of the homogenizing zone (4) can be heated to 1450-1500 ℃ according to the production requirement.
4. An all electric furnace for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8) is a U-shaped heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod.
5. An all electric furnace for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 4, characterized in that: the adjacent distance between the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods (8) is 150-250 mm, and the installation position of the heat supply silicon-molybdenum rods (8) is 50-100 mm above the liquid level.
6. An all electric furnace for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: an observation port (10) is arranged on the lateral side of the furnace body (1).
7. A process for continuously producing basalt fibers, which is characterized by applying the all-electric furnace of any one of claims 1 to 6 to produce the basalt fibers, and specifically comprises the following production steps:
s1: feeding, namely putting basalt ore into the furnace body (1) from a feeding port (2);
s2: the basalt ore is melted, a mountain-shaped material pile is formed in a melting area (3) below a feeding port (2) after entering a melting furnace, the surface of the basalt ore starts to be melted under the heat provided by a heat supply silicon-molybdenum rod (8), liquid flow formed by melting carries unmelted particles to flow from front to back in the melting area (3), the temperature of the melt is gradually increased when being heated, and the unmelted particles are also melted with the unmelted particles to form an uneven basalt melt;
s3: homogenizing, wherein the heterogeneous melt flows into a homogenizing area (4) through a flow channel below a partition wall (9), the viscosity of the melt is reduced due to the temperature rise, and the melt forms homogeneous melt meeting the production requirement of continuous basalt fibers under the action of thermal convection and diffusion.
8. A process for the production of continuous basalt fiber according to claim 7, wherein: the height of the liquid level of the melting zone (3) in the furnace is 120-200 mm, and the height of the homogenizing zone (4) is 60-100 mm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104281168A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-14 | 四川航天拓鑫玄武岩实业有限公司 | High-temperature solution liquid level detection and control device |
| CN106396340A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 郑州登电玄武石纤有限公司 | Electric melting furnace used for producing continuous graystone fibers |
| CN114380494A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-22 | 四川航天拓鑫玄武岩实业有限公司 | All-electric melting kiln for producing basalt fibers |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104281168A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-14 | 四川航天拓鑫玄武岩实业有限公司 | High-temperature solution liquid level detection and control device |
| CN106396340A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 郑州登电玄武石纤有限公司 | Electric melting furnace used for producing continuous graystone fibers |
| CN114380494A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-22 | 四川航天拓鑫玄武岩实业有限公司 | All-electric melting kiln for producing basalt fibers |
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