CN115180757A - Harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen - Google Patents
Harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/041—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by means of vapour compression
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/18—Cyanides
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/003—Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
A harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen comprises the following steps: s1, collecting waste liquid; s2, quenching and tempering reaction: breaking cyanogen, removing chromium and removing mercury; s2, carrying out micro-electrolysis treatment; s3, flocculation treatment; s4, dehydrating and over-shrinking; s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment; s6, treating with ozone and a nano plane film; the invention carries out large-scale treatment on the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen which can not be treated by the facilities of the domestic sewage treatment plant, and the treated waste liquid can reach the national discharge standard, thereby ensuring the production, living environment and body health of residents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste liquid treatment, and particularly relates to a harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen.
Background
With the development of urban modernization, various industries have more and more requirements on laboratories, and particularly in recent decades, the number of the various laboratories built is continuously increased; from the distribution of laboratories, the method mainly focuses on industries such as middle and high colleges, scientific research institutions, medical institutions, biopharmaceuticals, disease control, environmental supervision, product quality inspection, drug inspection, blood stations, livestock raising, hospitals and enterprises, the discharge amount of wastewater in the laboratories is small, the pollution is easy to ignore, and the waste liquid analysis and the waste liquid disposal of detection units in the laboratories are converted into urgent matters along with the implementation of environmental protection ideas and policies.
The laboratory is taken as a typical serious pollution source, pollutants are usually ignored by people, the more the construction is, the larger the total amount of pollution is, in China, the wastewater generated by the laboratory is generally directly discharged into an underground sewage pipe network without treatment or simple treatment and is sent to a large-scale domestic sewage treatment plant for centralized treatment, and because the components of the wastewater in the laboratory are complex, particularly the wastewater containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is 'powerless' to the wastewater, the wastewater in the domestic sewage treatment plant can only be discharged into rivers finally; the chemical laboratories in central urban areas and residential areas in particular have great harm to the environment, because of historical reasons, drainage pipelines of a plurality of chemical laboratories are communicated with drainage pipelines of residents, pollutants form the characteristics of cross contamination, acute infection and latent infection through sewers and finally flow into rivers or seep into the underground, heavy metals such as chromium, mercury and cyanogen can enter food chains of human beings through various ways after entering water sources or soil, and medical data indicates that the heavy metals such as chromium, mercury and cyanogen can cause pathological changes of human bodies, so that the harm to water resources and the environment caused by directly discharging the laboratory wastewater containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is immeasurable, and therefore, the inventor provides a comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen, and aims to solve the problem of pollution of waste water containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen heavy metal ions in laboratories and detection units and guarantee the production, living environment and body health of residents.
The pH value in the invention is measured by adopting pH test paper or a pH meter.
The national standard referred by the invention is as follows:
integrated wastewater discharge Standard GB8978-1996;
building water supply and drainage design Standard GB50015-2019
Design Standard for outdoor drainage GB50014-2021;
integrated wastewater discharge Standard GB8978-1996;
the three-level standard of Integrated wastewater discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).
The electric flocculation reaction principle of the invention is as follows:
based on the electrochemical technology, the electrochemical technology is fused with the traditional chemical precipitation technology, the deep removal of ions is realized under the action of a direct current electric field, the polar plate continuously reacts with current, and the cathode and the anode of the electrolytic bed generate electron migration to cause electrochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the water generates OH discharge at the anode to generate oxidation reaction, and inorganic matters and organic matters in the water are oxidized. The cathode ions are electrified to form hydrogen, and the nascent hydrogen has the strongest reducing capability. Therefore, dissolved salts, colloids, microorganisms, organic substances, and the like in water can be effectively removed. Because the iron polar plate produces iron ions and metal ions in water to coagulate and precipitate during electrolysis, no additional medicament is needed to be added, and the operating cost is reduced.
Brief introduction of the action principle of PAM:
1) The flocculation principle is as follows: when PAM is used for flocculation, depending on the surface properties of flocculated species, particularly the zeta potential, viscosity, turbidity and pH value of suspension, the zeta potential of the particle surface is the cause of particle aggregation inhibition, and PAM with opposite surface charges can be added to reduce the zeta potential and coagulate.
2) Adsorption and bridging: the PAM molecular chains are fixed on the surfaces of different particles, and polymer bridges are formed among the particles, so that the particles form aggregates and are settled.
3) Surface adsorption: various adsorption of polar group particles on PAM molecules.
4) And (3) carrying out net catching: PAM molecular chain and dispersed phase are drawn together by various mechanical, physical and chemical actions to form a net shape, thereby playing a role of net catching
Stirring conditions for PAM: the flocculant can be uniformly dispersed into the suspension by stirring, so that the efficient flocculation is achieved. The agitation is more vigorous with better contact between the colloidal particles and the flocculant, but too vigorous agitation will cause the particles to break or grow less during the growth of the flocculated particles, at which point the agitation should be slow. Therefore, in the flocculation process, after the flocculating agent is added, the stirring is carried out firstly
Fast and slow. The agitation conditions are reflected by the water velocity gradient G value. In the flocculation stirring experiment, the value of the water velocity gradient G can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: p-stirring power (J/s); mu-viscosity of water (Pa · S); v-volume of water flow agitated (m 3).
The calculation method of the stirring power P value comprises the following steps:
1. vertical paddle stirring power P1:
in the formula: m is the number of vertical paddles, where m is 2;
CD 1-drag coefficient, determined by the aspect ratio of the paddle, see tables 4-5;
γ -water gravity (KN/m 3);
omega-paddle rotation angular velocity (rad/s);
l1 — paddle length (m):
r1-vertical paddle inner edge area;
r2-vertical paddle outer edge area.
The drag coefficient is related to the paddle aspect ratio as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 relationship of drag coefficient to paddle length to width ratio
2. Stirring power P2 of horizontal paddle
In the formula: m-number of horizontal paddles, where m =4;
l2 — horizontal paddle width (m);
the rest symbols are as above.
The total power P of the mixing paddles
By changing the value of the stirring rotation speed omega, different power P values can be obtained, and the average speed gradient can be obtained by the value sigma P:
in the formula: Σ P — the sum of the stirring powers at different rotational speeds (J/s).
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
a harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting waste liquid: different dangerous waste liquids in the laboratory are stored in the dangerous waste storage area in different areas, and the different dangerous waste liquids in the dangerous waste storage area to be treated respectively reach 0.5m 3 -1 m 3 Then, the materials are respectively collected in a PH adjusting barrel;
s2, quenching and tempering reaction: carrying out quenching and tempering reaction treatment on the PH adjusting barrel to obtain sludge sediment and quenching and tempering reaction liquid, wherein the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
cyanogen breaking: firstly, the wastewater is treated by NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and then adding 12.5-35g of sodium hypochlorite to carry out cyanogen breaking to obtain sludge precipitation and a quenching and tempering reaction solution; (if the waste liquid is acidic, the PH is adjusted to 8-9 by NaOH, and if the waste liquid is alkaline, the PH is adjusted to 8-9 by sulfuric acid)
And (3) chromium removal: adjusting pH of the waste liquid to 2-3, adding sodium bisulfite to reduce Cr (VI) to Cr (III), and then using Ca (OH) 2 Preparing lime milk, regulating pH of the waste liquid to 7.5-9 to form Cr (OH) from Cr (III) 3 Precipitating to obtain sludge precipitate and a tempering reaction solution;
mercury removal: firstly, naOH is used to adjust the PH value of the waste liquid to 8-10, and then sodium sulfide is added to ensure Hg 2+ Generating mercuric sulfide precipitate, adding ferrous sulfate as flocculant, adsorbing mercuric sulfide particles which are difficult to precipitate in water to precipitate together, standing, separating, and filtering to obtain sludge precipitate and conditioning reaction liquid;
s2, micro-electrolysis treatment: adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution with NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 2-4, then carrying out micro-electrolysis treatment, and adjusting the pH value of the quenched and tempered reaction liquid after micro-electrolysis treatment back to 7-9 to obtain secondary treatment liquid.
The micro-electrolysis technology is an ideal process for treating high-concentration organic waste liquid, is also called as an internal electrolysis method, and utilizes a one-point and two-volt potential difference produced by micro-electrolysis materials filled in the waste liquid to carry out electrolysis treatment on the waste liquid under different points, so that the purpose of degrading organic pollutants is achieved, countless micro-battery systems can be formed in equipment after the system buckets water, and an electric field is formed in an action space.
S3, flocculation treatment: conveying the secondary treatment liquid to a flocculation precipitation tank for flocculation precipitation reaction treatment to obtain a supernatant and flocculation precipitation, wherein the precipitation treatment time is more than or equal to 30min;
s4, dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment: discharging the supernatant into a water storage tank for temporary storage, dehydrating and over-shrinking the sludge sediment and the flocculation sediment, conveying the filtered mud cake to a rotary-cut airflow dryer for drying treatment, discharging the dried waste water into the water storage tank, and mixing and storing the waste water with the supernatant to obtain waste water mixed liquid;
s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment: treating the waste water mixed liquor in the water storage tank by adopting an MVR evaporation mode to obtain condensate and evaporation mother liquor;
s6, ozone and nano planar film treatment: carrying out modulation reaction circulation treatment on the evaporation mother liquor again; and detecting the condensate, directly discharging the condensate which meets the national standard into a municipal pipe network, and circularly treating the condensate which does not meet the national standard by using ozone and a nano planar membrane until the condensate reaches the national standard and then directly discharging the condensate into the municipal pipe network.
Moreover, the dechroming operation comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the waste liquid, fully stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 2-3; (measured using or pH meter).
(2) 5-10g of solid sodium sulfite is added into the solution in a stirring way in portions until the solution turns from yellow to green.
(3) Adding 45-55g/L NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.5-9 to precipitate Cr (III). (pH is critical to the invention, too high a pH will redissolve the precipitate).
Moreover, the flocculation precipitation reaction treatment method comprises the following steps: adding flocculant or electric flocculation reaction.
And the flocculant is 1-2g/L PAM, the reaction time is more than or equal to 20min, and the method for adding the flocculant is adding and stirring until the flocculant is fully mixed in the waste liquid.
Moreover, the dosage of the PAM is 4-6L.
Moreover, the specific process flow of the dehydration and overcondensation in the step S4 is as follows: adding the flocculation precipitate into a disc filter for filtering, and discharging the filtered wastewater into a water storage tank to be mixed with the supernatant for storage; and conveying the filtered mud cakes to a rotary-cutting airflow drying system for drying through a material receiving belt conveyor and a feeding spiral auger, and conveying the dried solid to a unit with solid waste treatment quality for treatment.
In the dehydration and shrinkage treatment in step S4, the water content after the treatment is less than 50%.
And the waste water mixed liquid is sent to an evaporated liquid storage tank, passes through a condensed water preheater by an evaporation upper liquid pump and then enters an MVR evaporator, the liquid is forcibly circulated in a heating chamber and the MVR evaporator, when the solid-liquid ratio of the evaporated liquid reaches 15-20%, the evaporated liquid is sent into a thickener by a discharge pump, and then the evaporated liquid automatically flows to a disc filter by the thickener to be dehydrated and shrunk; and secondary steam generated by evaporation is compressed by a secondary steam compressor and then enters a heating chamber for waste heat utilization, and the secondary steam is condensed to form condensate.
The dried solid is then transported to a qualified unit for disposal in a ton bag.
And in the step one, the dangerous waste liquid is any one of waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen or a mixed liquid thereof, and the quenching and tempering reaction of the dangerous waste liquid containing any one of the waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is a quenching and tempering reaction treatment method corresponding to the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries out large-scale treatment on the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen which can not be treated by the facilities of the domestic sewage treatment plant, and the treated waste liquid can reach the national discharge standard, thereby ensuring the production, living environment and body health of residents.
2. The method can remove chromium, mercury and cyanogen and can remove Ag in the waste liquid + 、Cu 2+ 、Zn 2+ 、Fe 2+、 Mn 2+ And removing harmful metal ions to human bodies and the environment, and further enabling the operation and maintenance waste liquid to reach the national discharge standard.
3. The method adopts micro-electrolysis treatment on the basis of the quenching and tempering reaction to further purify the waste liquid, the working principle of the micro-electrolysis is based on the combined action of electrochemistry, oxidation reduction, physical adsorption and flocculation precipitation to treat the waste liquid, and the method has the advantages of wide application range, good treatment effect, low cost, convenient operation and maintenance, no need of power resource consumption and the like, and is energy-saving and effective.
4. The invention adopts ozone and a nano plane membrane to circularly treat the condensate which does not reach the national emission standard after the pretreatment step until the condensate reaches the national emission standard, implements a security system for the system, and ensures that the treated waste liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network after reaching the standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an MVR evaporation process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a conditioning reaction and flocculation precipitation reaction process in example II of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the dewatering and overcompressing process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the size of a stirring paddle used in the flocculation reaction of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following embodiments are further described in detail, but the following embodiments are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
Example 1
A harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting waste liquid: different dangerous waste liquids in the laboratory are stored in the dangerous waste storage area in different areas, and the different dangerous waste liquids in the dangerous waste storage area to be treated respectively reach 0.5m 3 Then, the materials are respectively collected in a PH adjusting barrel;
s2, quenching and tempering reaction: carrying out quenching and tempering reaction treatment on the PH adjusting barrel to obtain sludge sediment and quenching and tempering reaction liquid, wherein the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
and (3) chromium removal: adjusting pH of the waste liquid to 2, adding sodium bisulfite to reduce Cr (VI) to Cr (III), and then using Ca (OH) 2 Preparing lime milk, regulating pH to 7.5 to form Cr (III) into Cr (OH) 3 Precipitating to obtain sludge precipitate and a tempering reaction solution;
s2, micro-electrolysisAnd (3) treatment: adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution with NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 2, then carrying out micro-electrolysis treatment, and adjusting the pH value of the quenched and tempered reaction liquid after micro-electrolysis treatment back to 7 to obtain secondary treatment liquid;
s3, flocculation treatment: conveying the secondary treatment liquid to a flocculation precipitation tank for flocculation precipitation reaction treatment to obtain supernatant and flocculation precipitation, wherein the precipitation treatment time is 30min;
s4, dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment: discharging the supernatant into a water storage tank for temporary storage, dehydrating and over-shrinking the sludge sediment and the flocculation sediment, conveying the filtered mud cake to a rotary-cut airflow dryer for drying treatment, discharging the dried waste water into the water storage tank, and mixing and storing the waste water with the supernatant to obtain waste water mixed liquid;
s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment: treating the wastewater mixed liquor in the water storage tank by adopting an MVR evaporation mode to obtain condensate and evaporation mother liquor;
s6, ozone and nano planar film treatment: carrying out modulation reaction circulation treatment on the evaporation mother liquor again; and detecting the condensate, directly discharging the condensate which meets the national standard into a municipal pipe network, and circularly treating the condensate which does not meet the national standard by using ozone and a nano planar membrane until the condensate reaches the national standard, and directly discharging the condensate into the municipal pipe network.
Further, the specific operation steps of the dechroming are as follows:
(1) Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the waste liquid, fully stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 2;
(2) Adding 5g of solid sodium sulfite into the solution in turn while stirring until the solution turns from yellow to green
(3) And adding 45g/L NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.5 to precipitate Cr (III).
Further, the flocculation precipitation reaction treatment method comprises the following steps: adding a flocculating agent.
Further, the flocculant is 1g/L PAM, the reaction time is 20min, and the method for adding the flocculant is adding and stirring until the flocculant is fully mixed in the waste liquid.
Further, the amount of PAM is 4L.
Further, the specific process flow of the dehydration and overcondensation in the step S4 is as follows: adding the flocculation precipitate into a disc filter for filtering, and discharging the filtered wastewater into a water storage tank to be mixed with the supernatant for storage; and conveying the filtered mud cakes to a rotary-cut airflow drying system for drying through a material receiving belt conveyor and a feeding spiral auger, and conveying the dried solid to a unit with solid waste treatment quality for treatment.
Further, the water content after the dehydration and overcondensation treatment in the step S4 is 49%.
Further, the waste water mixed liquid is sent to an evaporated liquid storage tank, passes through a condensed water preheater through an evaporation upper liquid pump and then enters an MVR evaporator, liquid is forced to circulate in a heating chamber and the MVR evaporator, when the solid-liquid ratio of the evaporated liquid reaches 15%, the evaporated liquid is sent into a thickener through a discharge pump, and then the evaporated liquid automatically flows to a disc filter through the thickener to be dehydrated and shrunk; and secondary steam generated by evaporation is compressed by a secondary steam compressor and then enters a heating chamber for waste heat utilization, and the secondary steam is condensed to form condensate.
Further, the dried solids are sent to qualified units for disposal in ton bags.
Further, the hazardous waste liquid in the step one is chromium-containing waste liquid.
Example 2
A harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting waste liquid: different dangerous waste liquids in a laboratory are stored in a dangerous waste storage area in a partitioning manner, and the different dangerous waste liquids in the dangerous waste storage area reach 1 m 3 Then, the materials are respectively collected in a PH adjusting barrel;
s2, quenching and tempering reaction: carrying out quenching and tempering reaction treatment on the PH adjusting barrel to obtain sludge sediment and quenching and tempering reaction liquid, wherein the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
cyanogen breaking: firstly, the wastewater is treated by NaOH and H 2 SO 4 After the pH value is adjusted to 9, 35g of sodium hypochlorite is added for cyanogen breaking to obtain sludge precipitation and a quenching and tempering reaction solution;
s2, micro-electrolysis treatment: conditioning the reaction solutionpH of (1) is determined by using NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 4, then carrying out micro-electrolysis treatment, and adjusting the pH value of the quenching and tempering reaction solution after micro-electrolysis treatment back to 9 to obtain secondary treatment solution.
S3, flocculation treatment: conveying the secondary treatment liquid to a flocculation precipitation tank for flocculation precipitation reaction treatment to obtain supernatant and flocculation precipitation, wherein the precipitation treatment time is 35min;
s4, dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment: discharging the supernatant into a water storage tank for temporary storage, dehydrating and over-shrinking the sludge sediment and the flocculation sediment, conveying the filtered mud cake to a rotary-cut airflow dryer for drying treatment, discharging the dried waste water into the water storage tank, and mixing and storing the waste water with the supernatant to obtain waste water mixed liquid;
s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment: treating the wastewater mixed liquor in the water storage tank by adopting an MVR evaporation mode to obtain condensate and evaporation mother liquor;
s6, ozone and nano planar film treatment: carrying out modulation reaction circulation treatment on the evaporation mother liquor again; and detecting the condensate, directly discharging the condensate which meets the national standard into a municipal pipe network, and circularly treating the condensate which does not meet the national standard by using ozone and a nano planar membrane until the condensate reaches the national standard and then directly discharging the condensate into the municipal pipe network.
Further, the flocculation precipitation reaction treatment method comprises the following steps: and (4) performing electric flocculation reaction.
Further, the specific process flow of the dehydration and over-condensation comprises the following steps: adding the flocculation precipitate into a disc filter for filtering, and discharging the filtered wastewater into a water storage tank to be mixed with the supernatant for storage; and conveying the filtered mud cakes to a rotary-cut airflow drying system for drying through a material receiving belt conveyor and a feeding spiral auger, and conveying the dried solid to a unit with solid waste treatment quality for treatment.
Further, the water content after the dehydration and shrinkage treatment is 48%.
Further, the waste water mixed liquor is sent to an evaporation liquor storage tank, passes through a condensed water preheater through an evaporation upper liquor pump and then enters an MVR evaporator, the liquid is forcibly circulated in a heating chamber and the MVR evaporator, when the solid-to-liquid ratio of the evaporation liquor reaches 20%, the evaporation liquor is sent into a thickener through a discharge pump, and then the evaporation liquor automatically flows to a disc filter through the thickener to be dehydrated and shrunk; and secondary steam generated by evaporation is compressed by a secondary steam compressor and then enters a heating chamber for waste heat utilization, and the secondary steam is condensed to form condensate.
Further, the dried solids are sent to qualified units for disposal in ton bags.
Further, the hazardous waste liquid is cyanogen-containing waste liquid.
Example 3
A harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting waste liquid: different dangerous waste liquids in the laboratory are stored in the dangerous waste storage area in different areas, and the different dangerous waste liquids in the dangerous waste storage area to be treated respectively reach 0.8m 3 Then, the materials are respectively collected in a PH adjusting barrel;
s2, quenching and tempering reaction: carrying out quenching and tempering reaction treatment on the PH adjusting barrel to obtain sludge sediment and quenching and tempering reaction liquid, wherein the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
mercury removal: firstly, naOH is used to adjust the PH value of the waste liquid to 9, and then sodium sulfide is added to ensure that Hg is generated 2+ Generating mercuric sulfide precipitate, adding ferrous sulfate as flocculant, adsorbing mercuric sulfide particles which are difficult to precipitate in water to precipitate together, standing, separating, and filtering to obtain sludge precipitate and conditioning reaction liquid;
s2, micro-electrolysis treatment: adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution with NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 3, then carrying out micro-electrolysis treatment, and adjusting the pH value of the quenching and tempering reaction solution after micro-electrolysis treatment back to 8 to obtain secondary treatment solution.
S3, flocculation treatment: conveying the secondary treatment liquid to a flocculation precipitation tank for flocculation precipitation reaction treatment to obtain supernatant and flocculation precipitation, wherein the precipitation treatment time is 40min;
s4, dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment: discharging the supernatant into a water storage tank for temporary storage, dehydrating and over-condensing the sludge sediment and the flocculation sediment, conveying the filtered mud cake to a rotary-cut airflow dryer for drying treatment, discharging the dried waste water into the water storage tank, mixing the waste water with the supernatant, and storing the waste water mixed solution;
s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment: treating the waste water mixed liquor in the water storage tank by adopting an MVR evaporation mode to obtain condensate and evaporation mother liquor;
s6, ozone and nano-plane film treatment: carrying out modulation reaction circulation treatment on the evaporation mother liquor again; and detecting the condensate, directly discharging the condensate which meets the national standard into a municipal pipe network, and circularly treating the condensate which does not meet the national standard by using ozone and a nano planar membrane until the condensate reaches the national standard and then directly discharging the condensate into the municipal pipe network.
Further, the flocculation precipitation reaction treatment method comprises the following steps: adding a flocculating agent.
Further, the flocculant is 2g/L PAM, the reaction time is 23min, and the method for adding the flocculant is adding and stirring until the flocculant is fully mixed in the waste liquid.
Further, the amount of PAM was 6L.
Further, the specific process flow of the dehydration and over-condensation comprises the following steps: adding the flocculation precipitate into a disc filter for filtering, and discharging the filtered wastewater into a water storage tank to be mixed with the supernatant for storage; and conveying the filtered mud cakes to a rotary-cut airflow drying system for drying through a material receiving belt conveyor and a feeding spiral auger, and conveying the dried solid to a unit with solid waste treatment quality for treatment.
Further, the dehydration and shrinkage treatment is carried out, and the water content after the treatment is 45%.
Further, the waste water mixed liquid is sent to an evaporation liquid storage tank, passes through a condensed water preheater through an evaporation liquid feeding pump and then enters an MVR evaporator, liquid is forcibly circulated in a heating chamber and the MVR evaporator, when the solid-liquid ratio of the evaporation liquid reaches 18%, the evaporation liquid is sent into a thickener through a discharging pump, and then the evaporation liquid automatically flows to a disc filter through the thickener to be dehydrated and shrunk; and secondary steam generated by evaporation is compressed by a secondary steam compressor and then enters a heating chamber for waste heat utilization, and the secondary steam is condensed to form condensate.
Further, the dried solids are sent to qualified units for disposal in ton bags.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as the limitation of the invention patent scope, it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A harmless comprehensive treatment method for detecting and analyzing operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting waste liquid: different hazardous waste liquids in a laboratory are stored in a hazardous waste storage area in a partitioned manner, and the different hazardous waste liquids in the hazardous waste storage area reach 0.5m 3 -1 m 3 Then, the materials are respectively collected in a PH adjusting barrel;
s2, quenching and tempering reaction: carrying out quenching and tempering reaction treatment on the PH adjusting barrel to obtain sludge sediment and quenching and tempering reaction liquid, wherein the quenching and tempering reaction treatment method comprises the following steps:
cyanogen breaking: firstly, the wastewater is treated with NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and then adding 12.5-35g of sodium hypochlorite to break cyanogen to obtain sludge sediment and a tempering reaction solution;
and (3) chromium removal: adjusting pH of the waste liquid to 2-3, adding sodium bisulfite to reduce Cr (VI) to Cr (III), and then using Ca (OH) 2 Preparing lime milk, regulating pH of the waste liquid to 7.5-9 to form Cr (OH) from Cr (III) 3 Precipitating to obtain sludge precipitate and a tempering reaction solution;
mercury removal: firstly, naOH is used to adjust the PH value of the waste liquid to 8-10, and then sodium sulfide is added to lead Hg to be 2+ Generating mercuric sulfide precipitate, adding ferrous sulfate as flocculant, adsorbing mercuric sulfide particles which are difficult to precipitate in water to precipitate together, standing, separating, and filtering to obtain sludge precipitate and conditioning reaction liquid;
s2, micro-electrolysis treatment: adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution with NaOH and H 2 SO 4 Is adjusted to2-4, performing micro-electrolysis, and adjusting the pH value of the quenched and tempered reaction liquid after micro-electrolysis to 7-9 to obtain secondary treatment liquid;
s3, flocculation treatment: conveying the secondary treatment liquid to a flocculation precipitation tank for flocculation precipitation reaction treatment to obtain a supernatant and flocculation precipitation, wherein the precipitation treatment time is more than or equal to 30min;
s4, dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment: discharging the supernatant into a water storage tank for temporary storage, dehydrating and over-shrinking the sludge sediment and the flocculation sediment, conveying the filtered mud cake to a rotary-cut airflow dryer for drying treatment, discharging the dried waste water into the water storage tank, and mixing and storing the waste water with the supernatant to obtain waste water mixed liquid;
s5, MVR evaporation mode treatment: treating the wastewater mixed liquor in the water storage tank by adopting an MVR evaporation mode to obtain condensate and evaporation mother liquor;
s6, ozone and nano planar film treatment: carrying out modulation reaction circulation treatment on the evaporation mother liquor again; and detecting the condensate, directly discharging the condensate which meets the national standard into a municipal pipe network, and circularly treating the condensate which does not meet the national standard by using ozone and a nano planar membrane until the condensate reaches the national standard and then directly discharging the condensate into the municipal pipe network.
2. The method for the harmless comprehensive treatment of the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen and the waste liquid analysis and detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps for chromium removal are as follows:
(1) Adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the waste liquid, fully stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 2-3;
(2) Adding 5-10g of solid sodium sulfite while stirring in several times until the solution turns from yellow to green;
(3) Adding 45-55g/L NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.5-9 to precipitate Cr (III).
3. The method for the harmless comprehensive treatment of the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen and the analysis waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flocculation precipitation reaction treatment method comprises the following steps: adding flocculant or electric flocculation reaction.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the flocculant is PAM in an amount of 1-2g/L, the reaction time is 20min or more, and the flocculant is added while stirring until the flocculant is fully mixed in the waste liquid.
5. The method for the harmless comprehensive treatment of the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen and the analysis waste liquid according to claim 4, wherein the dosage of PAM is 4-6L.
6. The method for the harmless comprehensive treatment of the operation and maintenance waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen and the analysis waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the specific process flow of dehydration and over-shrinkage in the step S4 is as follows: adding the flocculation precipitate into a disc filter for filtering, discharging the filtered wastewater into a water storage tank, and mixing the filtered wastewater with the supernatant for storage; and conveying the filtered mud cakes to a rotary-cut airflow drying system for drying through a material receiving belt conveyor and a feeding spiral auger, and conveying the dried solid to a unit with solid waste treatment quality for treatment.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dehydration and over-shrinkage treatment in step S4 is performed to obtain water content of less than 50%.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixed liquid of the waste water is sent to an evaporation liquid storage tank, passes through a condensate water preheater by an evaporation liquid feeding pump, enters an MVR evaporator, is forcibly circulated in a heating chamber and the MVR evaporator, is sent to a thickener by a discharge pump when the solid-to-liquid ratio of the evaporation liquid reaches 15% -20%, and automatically flows to a disc filter by the thickener for dehydration and overcondensation; and secondary steam generated by evaporation is compressed by a secondary steam compressor and then enters a heating chamber for waste heat utilization, and the secondary steam is condensed to form condensate.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dried solid is transported to qualified unit for disposal in ton bags.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hazardous waste liquid in step one is any one of waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen or a mixture thereof, and the quenching and tempering reaction of any one of the waste liquid containing chromium, mercury and cyanogen is a quenching and tempering reaction treatment method corresponding thereto.
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| JPH1052691A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-24 | Akira Sugawara | Method and apparatus for electrolysis purification of chromic acid treated wash water |
| CN205328814U (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏瑞达环保科技有限公司 | Handle alkaline dye wastewater's device |
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