CN115180657A - Preparation method of aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery material preparation, and discloses a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material. Therefore, the gram capacity of the lithium cobaltate active material can be improved, and the rapid reduction of the electrochemical performance caused by the side reaction of the active material can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery material preparation, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material.
Background
As a novel energy storage element, the lithium ion battery is widely concerned by the characteristics of super-large capacity, high energy storage density, high charge and discharge efficiency, long cycle life and the like. The cobalt carbonate serving as a precursor of the lithium ion battery material has the advantages of low price, easy obtainment, high specific surface area, good chemical stability and the like, but the stability is poor when the cobalt carbonate is singly used as the lithium ion electrode material, so that the performance of the battery is influenced. With the large-scale market release of aluminum-doped cobalt carbonate, the market share of the traditional pure-phase cobalt carbonate is crowded, the market share is in a decreasing trend, and the transformation of the cobalt carbonate product is a fact. The product is gradually upgraded from the initial 4.25V to the current 4.48V, and the product is rapidly applied to various doping systems from different series of grain sizes of pure phases.
The structural stability of the lithium cobaltate material can be rapidly deteriorated under high voltage, and the element doping can effectively stabilize the material structure and improve the reversibility of the material structure in the circulating process. At present, main doping elements comprise Al, mg, ni, mn, zr and the like, the structural stability of the material is obviously improved along with the modification of the doping elements, but the capacity of the material is improved to a small extent, and the technical problems cannot be solved by the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a cobalt-aluminum solution, a nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and an ammonium bicarbonate solution, wherein the concentration of cobalt in the cobalt-aluminum solution is 100-120g/L, and the concentration of aluminum in the cobalt-aluminum solution is 0.6-1.66g/L; the concentration of nickel in the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution is 0.08-0.80g/L, the concentration of cobalt is 100-120g/L, the concentration of aluminum is 0.6-1.66g/L, and the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate solution is 150 g/L-250 g/L;
2) Adding pure water and ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle according to the volume ratio of (1-4) to 1 to serve as base solution, wherein the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the base solution is 30-100g/L, starting stirring to 100-200rpm, and heating the reaction kettle with the base solution to 40-53 ℃;
3) Adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution prepared in the step 1) into the reaction kettle with the base solution in the step 2) according to the flow rate of 100-240L/h and the flow rate of 150-360L/h for synthesis, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to stabilize the pH value of the system at 7.0-7.3 in the adding process; meanwhile, starting the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection tank for stirring, and injecting the cobalt-aluminum solution into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection tank at a flow rate of 100-240L/h;
4) Controlling the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process, adjusting the stirring speed according to the granularity, and when the granularity reaches 8-12 mu m, adjusting the stirring speed to be 50-100rpm; when the average particle size of the product in the slurry reaches 19-21 mu m, stopping adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into the reaction kettle, and stopping pumping the cobalt-aluminum solution into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove;
5) And (3) insulating the slurry with the average particle size of 19-21 mu m in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature at 30-40 ℃, aging for 10min-1h, then filtering and washing, setting the washing temperature at 50-80 ℃, and then drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material.
Further, the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the base solution in the step 2) is preferably 50g/L.
Further, the stirring speed during the addition in step 1) is preferably 150rpm.
Further, in the step 4), when the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is less than 1.1/mL, adjusting by a thickener; when the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into the reaction kettle, wherein the separated amount is 1/3-1/2, preferably 1/2 of the total volume.
Further, in step 4), when the particle size reaches 8 to 12 μm, preferably 10 μm, the stirring of the reaction vessel is adjusted to 50 to 100rpm, preferably 60rpm.
Further, the washing temperature in step 5) is preferably 60 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in order to enable the lithium cobaltate material to obtain higher energy density, nickel and aluminum element bodies are doped into lithium cobaltate precursor cobalt carbonate particles, a cobalt-aluminum solution is synchronously added into a nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove in the liquid inlet synthesis process, so that the content of the nickel element entering a reaction kettle is in a linear reduction trend, the content of the nickel element of the finally synthesized nickel-doped aluminum product forms gradient distribution in the particles, the content of the core is highest, and the content of the shell is least. Therefore, the gram capacity of the lithium cobaltate active material can be improved, and the rapid reduction of the electrochemical performance caused by the side reaction of the active material can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a topographical view of example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a topographical view of example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a topographical view of a comparative example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the summary, features and advantages of the present invention, the following examples are given by way of illustration and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed.
Example 1: a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material comprises the following steps:
Step 2, moving to 10m 3 Adding 1m into a reaction kettle 3 Pure water and 0.5m 3 Taking an ammonium bicarbonate solution as a base solution, adjusting the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution as 100g/L, starting stirring, adjusting the rotating speed to 200rpm, and rapidly heating to 46-48 ℃;
step 3, adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle with a base solution in a concurrent flow manner, setting the flow rate of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution to be 240L/h, primarily setting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to be 360L/h, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the synthesis process to stabilize the pH value of the system to be 7.1-7.3; meanwhile, the cobalt-aluminum solution is pumped into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove at the flow rate of 240L/h, and the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove is opened for stirring.
Step 4, when the granularity reaches 12 mu m, reducing the stirring rotation speed of the reaction kettle to 100rpm, and controlling the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process; (1) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is too low, the slurry is adjusted by a thickener; (2) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into the reaction kettles, wherein the separated amount is 1/2 of the total volume; when the average particle size reaches 19.5 mu m, stopping adding the materials into the reaction kettle;
and 5, preserving the temperature of the slurry with the product granularity of 19.5 mu m in a reaction kettle at 40 ℃, aging for 1h, filtering, washing (the water temperature is set to be 80 ℃), and drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material for lithium cobaltate, wherein the appearance of the material is shown in the following figure 1.
Example 2: a preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material comprises the following steps:
Step 2 to 10m 3 1.5m is added into a reaction kettle 3 Pure water and 0.5m 3 Taking an ammonium bicarbonate solution as a base solution, adjusting the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution of the base solution to 50g/L, starting stirring, adjusting the rotating speed to 150rpm, and rapidly heating to 44-46 ℃;
step 3, adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle with a base solution in a concurrent flow manner, setting the flow rate of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution to be 140L/h, primarily setting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to be 210L/h, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the synthesis process to enable the pH value of the system to be stabilized at 7.0-7.2; meanwhile, the cobalt-aluminum solution is pumped into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove at the flow rate of 140L/h, and the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove is opened for stirring.
Step 4, when the granularity reaches 10 mu m, reducing the stirring rotating speed of the reaction kettle to 60rpm, and controlling the slurry density of the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process; (1) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is too low, the slurry is adjusted by a thickener; (2) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into the reaction kettles, wherein the separated amount is 1/2 of the total volume; when the average particle size reaches 20.0 mu m, stopping adding the materials into the reaction kettle;
and step 5, keeping the temperature of the slurry with the product granularity of 20.0 mu m in a reaction kettle at 35 ℃, aging for 30min, filtering, washing (the water temperature is set to be 60 ℃), and drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material for lithium cobaltate, wherein the appearance of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material is shown in the following figure 2.
Example 3: synthesis of aluminum-doped and nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material
The volume ratio of the cobalt-aluminum solution prepared in the step 1 to the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution is 1, and each volume ratio is 10m 3 The concentration of cobalt in the cobalt-aluminum solution is 100g/L, and the concentration of aluminum is 0.6g/L; the concentration of nickel in the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution is 0.08g/L, the concentration of cobalt is 100g/L, the concentration of aluminum is 0.6g/L, and the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate solution is 150g/L.
Step 2, moving to 10m 3 2m is added into a reaction kettle 3 Pure water and 0.5m 3 Taking an ammonium bicarbonate solution as a base solution, adjusting the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution of the base solution to be 30g/L, starting stirring, adjusting the rotating speed to be 100rpm, and rapidly heating to 40-42 ℃;
step 3, adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle with a base solution in a concurrent flow manner, setting the flow rate of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution to be 100L/h, primarily setting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to be 150L/h, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the synthesis process to stabilize the pH value of the system to be 7.0-7.2; meanwhile, the cobalt-aluminum solution is pumped into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove at the flow rate of 100L/h, and the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove is opened for stirring.
Step 4, when the granularity reaches 8 mu m, reducing the stirring rotating speed of the reaction kettle to 50rpm, and controlling the slurry density of the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process; (1) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is too low, the slurry is adjusted by a thickener; (2) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into the reaction kettles, wherein the separated amount is 1/3 of the total volume; when the average particle size reaches 20.0 mu m, stopping adding the materials into the reaction kettle;
and 5, preserving the temperature of the slurry with the product granularity of 20.0 mu m in a reaction kettle at 30 ℃, aging for 10min, filtering, washing (the water temperature is set to be 50 ℃), and drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material for lithium cobaltate, wherein the appearance of the material is shown in the following figure 3.
Comparative example 1: synthesizing an aluminum-nickel-doped cobalt carbonate material:
Step 2 to 10m 3 1.5m is added into a reaction kettle 3 Pure water and 0.5m 3 Taking the ammonium bicarbonate solution as a base solution, adjusting the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution as 50g/L, starting stirring, adjusting the rotating speed to 150rpm, and rapidly heating to 44-46 ℃;
step 3, adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle with a base solution in a parallel flow manner, setting the flow rate of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution to be 140L/h, primarily setting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to be 210L/h, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the synthesis process to stabilize the pH value of the system to be 7.0-7.2;
step 4, when the granularity reaches 10 mu m, reducing the stirring rotating speed of the reaction kettle to 60rpm, and controlling the slurry density of the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process; (1) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is too low, the slurry is adjusted by a thickener; (2) When the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into separate kettles, wherein the separated amount is 1/2 of the total volume; when the average particle size reaches 20.0 mu m, stopping adding the materials into the reaction kettle;
and step 5, keeping the temperature of the slurry with the product granularity of 20.0 mu m in a reaction kettle at 35 ℃, aging for 30min, filtering, washing (the water temperature is set to be 60 ℃), and drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material for lithium cobaltate, wherein the appearance of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material is shown in the following figure 4.
Finally, the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material and the aluminum-doped nickel-doped cobalt carbonate material are calcined into a positive electrode material, and then assembled into a CR2025 button cell for electrochemical performance test comparison, wherein the test results are shown in table 1 below. At normal temperature, the reference capacity of the aluminum-doped and nickel-doped cobalt carbonate tested by a voltage platform of 3.0-4.65V and 0.5C after circulating for 50 weeks is about 3mAh/g higher than that of the conventional aluminum-doped and nickel-doped cobalt carbonate material, and the circulating performance is obviously good.
TABLE 1 electrochemical Properties of AlNiCo-doped lithium cobaltate materials
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of an aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparing a cobalt-aluminum solution, a nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and an ammonium bicarbonate solution, wherein the concentration of cobalt in the cobalt-aluminum solution is 100-120g/L, and the concentration of aluminum in the cobalt-aluminum solution is 0.6-1.66g/L; the concentration of nickel in the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution is 0.08-0.80g/L, the concentration of cobalt is 100-120g/L, the concentration of aluminum is 0.6-1.66g/L, and the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate solution is 150 g/L-250 g/L;
2) Adding pure water and ammonium bicarbonate solution into a reaction kettle according to the volume ratio of (1-4) to 1 to serve as base solution, wherein the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the base solution is 30-100g/L, starting stirring to 100-200rpm, and heating the reaction kettle with the base solution to 40-53 ℃;
3) Adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution prepared in the step 1) into the reaction kettle with the base solution in the step 2) according to the flow rate of 100-240L/h and the flow rate of 150-360L/h for synthesis, and adjusting the flow rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution to stabilize the pH value of the system at 7.0-7.3 in the adding process; meanwhile, starting the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection tank for stirring, and injecting the cobalt-aluminum solution into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection tank at a flow rate of 100-240L/h;
4) Controlling the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle to be 1.1-1.4g/mL in the synthesis process, simultaneously adjusting the stirring speed according to the granularity, and when the granularity reaches 8-12 mu m, adjusting the stirring speed to be 50-100rpm; when the average particle size of the product in the slurry reaches 19-21 mu m, stopping adding the nickel-cobalt-aluminum solution and the ammonium bicarbonate solution into the reaction kettle, and stopping pumping the cobalt-aluminum solution into the nickel-cobalt-aluminum injection groove;
5) And (3) keeping the temperature of the slurry with the average particle size of 19-21 mu m in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature at 30-40 ℃, aging for 10min-1h, filtering, washing, setting the washing temperature at 50-80 ℃, and drying to obtain the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material.
2. The preparation method of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the base solution in the step 2) is preferably 50g/L.
3. The preparation method of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the stirring speed during the addition in the step 1) is preferably 150rpm.
4. The method for preparing the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 4), when the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is less than 1.1/mL, the slurry is adjusted by a thickener; when the density of the slurry in the reaction kettle is more than 1.4g/mL and the liquid level of the reaction kettle reaches the upper line, separating the materials in the reaction kettle into the reaction kettle, wherein the separated amount is 1/3-1/2, preferably 1/2, of the total volume.
5. The preparation method of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the particle size reaches 8-12 μm, preferably 10 μm in said step 4), the stirring of the reaction vessel is adjusted to 50-100rpm, preferably 60rpm.
6. The preparation method of the aluminum-doped nickel-doped gradient cobalt carbonate material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the washing temperature in said step 5) is preferably 60 ℃.
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| CN111994964A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-27 | 格林美股份有限公司 | Aluminum concentration gradient doped and titanium coated cobaltosic oxide material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112357971A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-12 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-doped large-particle-size cobalt carbonate for battery |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115106044A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for continuously producing aluminum-doped cobalt carbonate |
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