CN111640935A - Preparation method of nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for flaky laminated embedded accumulated secondary particles - Google Patents
Preparation method of nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for flaky laminated embedded accumulated secondary particles Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion ternary cathode material precursors, and discloses a preparation method of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with secondary particles stacked in a laminated manner, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a raw material solution; (2) blending bottom liquid of the reaction kettle; (3) a crystal nucleus culturing stage; (4) a crystal nucleus growth stage; (5) a crystal aging stage; (6) washing and drying to obtain a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with a chemical formula of NixCoyMnz (OH)2，x、y、z>0, and x + y + z = 1. The invention has the following advantages and effects: controlling the nickel, cobalt and manganese to grow uniformly in stages of crystal nucleus culture, growth, aging and the like by regulating and controlling process parameters to obtain the flaky laminated embedded shapeThe nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with the appearance structure has high tap density, and mesoporous channels are formed among the sheet layers, so that lithium is easier to dope in the sintering process, and the lithium is more smoothly inserted and removed inside; and the primary particles are orderly distributed and agglomerated, so that the stress in the secondary particles is reduced, and the structural stability in the charging and discharging process is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion ternary cathode material precursors, in particular to a preparation method of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with secondary particles stacked in a sheet-shaped laminated manner.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of long cycle life, no memory effect and the like, becomes a new generation of green power supply capable of being continuously developed, is widely applied to various fields such as digital, notebook computers, electric vehicles, energy storage and the like, along with the development of the electric vehicles, the market has higher and higher requirements on the energy density of the lithium ion battery, the improvement of the energy density of the lithium ion battery depends on the performance of a battery material, and the nickel-cobalt-lithium manganate has the advantages of high energy density, good cycle performance and the like, and particularly has wide application prospects in the field of power batteries. Under such a background, high nickel ternary positive electrode materials represented by 622 and 811 are receiving more and more attention and become hot spots of research in recent years. The performance of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material is closely related to that of a precursor nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, a coprecipitation method is a common method for preparing the nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, and secondary particles of the quasi-spherical hydroxide are formed by agglomeration of primary particles.
At present, a patent with publication number CN107565125A discloses a high-voltage lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide precursor, primary particles of which are in a clustered petal structure, and the petals are in a sheet shape; the secondary particles are of a spherical structure with loose interior. Through the unique reaction atmosphere design, the process advantages of high and low pH phase separation and the proper matching of output power and flow, the method prepares the porous nickel cobalt lithium manganate precursor with petal-shaped primary particles and flaky secondary particles; compared with the conventional precursor, the precursor has a unique primary particle structure, and the interior of secondary particles is loose and porous.
However, the above prior art has the following drawbacks: the primary particles of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate precursor are in a clustered petal structure, the secondary particles are loose inside, but the whole internal structure is not smooth enough, and the operations of lithium intercalation and lithium removal are not facilitated, so that the improvement is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for stacking secondary particles in a sheet-shaped laminated embedded manner, wherein a vertical mesoporous channel is arranged from the surface to the inside of the secondary particles, so that lithium doping is easier in the sintering process, the reaction is more complete, and lithium embedding and lithium removal in single particles are more smooth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for flaky laminated embedded accumulation of secondary particles is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a raw material solution: preparing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt into a mixed solution, wherein the total concentration of nickel, cobalt and manganese is 1.0-3.0mol/L, and the mixed solution is marked as solution A; preparing a 32% sodium hydroxide solution and marking as a solution B; preparing 15% -25% ammonia water and marking as a solution C;
(2) and (3) blending reaction kettle bottom liquid: preparing ammonia-soda mixed base solution by using pure water, concentrated ammonia water and 32% sodium hydroxide solution, starting stirring at the stirring speed of 100-300 rpm, and heating to 50-60 ℃;
(3) a crystal nucleus culturing stage: adjusting the stirring rotation speed of the reaction kettle to 800-1000 rpm, respectively adding the solution A, the solution B and the solution C in the step (1) into the reaction kettle in parallel, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50-60 ℃ and the pH to be 11.5-12.0; the reaction time is 90-120 min;
(4) a crystal nucleus growth stage: after the crystal nucleus culture stage is finished, adjusting the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to 400-600 rpm, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50-60 ℃ and the pH to be 11.0-11.5; continuously reacting, and opening the overflow when the liquid level in the reaction kettle rises to an overflow port; stopping feeding when the grain size of crystal nucleus growth reaches 5-15 mu m of target grain size, and controlling the reaction kettle to an aging stage according to aging parameters, namely, the reaction kettle is an aging kettle;
(5) and (3) crystal aging stage: when the liquid level in the aging kettle is over the lower stirring paddle, starting stirring, setting the rotating speed to be 200-500 rpm, controlling the aging temperature to be 50-60 ℃, and adding the solution A to adjust the pH to be 11.5-12.0; aging for 8-12 h;
(6) washing and drying: washing with pure water, and drying at 110-120 ℃ for 6-12 h to obtain a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with a chemical formula of NixCoyMnz (OH)2，x、y、z>0, and x + y + z = 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the main factors influencing the performance difference of the precursor, such as the structure of the reaction kettle, the concentration of raw materials, the pH value, the concentration of ammonia, the feeding amount, the reaction temperature, stirring (form, rotating speed and power) and the like, are adjusted, different primary particles and stacking modes of the primary particles are generated under different reaction conditions, so that precursors with different performances are generated, the nickel, cobalt and manganese are controlled to uniformly grow at a constant speed in stages of crystal nucleus cultivation, growth, ageing and the like by adopting the preparation method, the nickel, cobalt and manganese precursors with sheet-shaped stacked embedded secondary particles are obtained, the sheet-shaped stacked embedded morphology structure has high tap density, and simultaneously mesoporous channels are formed between sheets, namely vertical mesoporous channels are formed from the surface of the secondary particles to the inside of the secondary particles, so that the lithium doping in the sintering process is easier and the reaction is more complete, lithium is embedded and removed in the single particle more smoothly; in addition, the primary particles are orderly distributed and agglomerated, the stress in the secondary particles is reduced, and the structural stability in the charging and discharging process is improved to a certain extent.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in the step (6), x is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.95.
By adopting the technical scheme, when x is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.95, the flaky laminated embedded type morphology structure can be obtained more favorably.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in the step (1), Ni: Co: Mn = (0.60-0.95): (0.01-0.30): (0.01-0.30).
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of the three elements of nickel, cobalt and manganese is controlled, so that the performance of the nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide is better, and the obtained nickel, cobalt and manganese precursor is more stable.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in the step (4), if the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth is smaller than the target grain size, the crystal nucleus growth is independently collected to be used as the low-material of the next starting-up; when the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth is larger than or equal to the target grain size, the single kettle intermittent operation can be carried out until the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth reaches the target grain size of 5-15 mu m, and then the crystal nucleus growth is transferred into an aging kettle.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the particle size of crystal nucleus growth is too large or too small, the problem can be solved by respectively selecting a collection mode or a single-kettle intermittent operation mode so as to obtain the crystal nucleus with the target particle size of 5-15 mu m.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in the step (2), the ammonia content of the base solution is 1.0-5.0%, and the pH value is adjusted to 11.5-12.0 by using 32% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain ammonia-alkali mixed base solution, wherein the amount of the base solution is 30-70% of the volume of the reaction kettle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ammonia content is adjusted, and the pH value of the solution is regulated so as to control the bottom liquid of the reaction kettle to be suitable for the growth of crystal nuclei; the amount of the base solution is 30% -70% of the volume of the reaction kettle, adverse effects on crystal nucleus growth caused by too much or too little amount of the base solution are avoided, and therefore the flaky laminated embedded type stacked secondary particle nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with the flaky laminated embedded type morphology structure is obtained.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the washing operation in the step (6) comprises the following steps: washing with pure water and filtering for 2-5 times, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of washing is 5-30%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor is washed for 2-5 times by pure water under the condition that the solid-liquid ratio is 5-30%, so that alkali liquor attached to the obtained nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor can be removed, and the influence on the use of the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor is avoided.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and stirring for 10-30 min during washing, and performing filter pressing or centrifugal filtration.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor can be fully contacted with pure water by stirring during washing, so that a better washing effect is achieved; and redundant water is removed by filter pressing or centrifugal filtration, which is helpful for assisting the drying process in the later period.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the reaction kettle is set to be two-layer stirring, the stirring blades are 3-6 blades, and the stirring form is at least one of a turbine type, an inclined blade type or a paddle type.
By adopting the technical scheme, the crystal nucleus is more completely cultured and stirred in the growth stage, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with the flaky laminated embedded accumulated secondary particles is favorably obtained.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through the regulation and control of different process parameters, the nickel-cobalt-manganese is controlled to grow at a constant speed in stages of crystal nucleus cultivation, growth, aging and the like, a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor of secondary particles is obtained, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor has a sheet-shaped laminated embedded morphology structure, has high tap density and mesoporous channels between sheets, namely a vertical mesoporous channel is arranged from the surface to the inside of the secondary particles, so that the lithium doping in the sintering process is easier, the reaction is more complete, and the lithium insertion and lithium removal in a single particle are more smooth; in addition, the primary particles are orderly distributed and agglomerated, the stress in the secondary particles is reduced, and the structural stability in the charging and discharging process is improved to a certain extent;
2. when the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth is too large or too small, the problem can be solved by respectively selecting a collection mode or a single-kettle intermittent operation mode, so that the crystal nucleus with the target grain size of 5-15 mu m can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a locally enlarged structure of the nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The cobalt salt in the present invention may be: cobalt carbonate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, cobaltosic oxide, cobalt acetate, lithium cobaltate, and the like; the nickel salt may be: basic nickel carbonate; the manganese salt may be: manganese carbonate, manganese sulfate, and the like.
Examples
Example 1
The invention discloses a preparation method of a flaky laminated embedded stacked secondary particle nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor, which comprises the following steps:
a liquid preparation stage: nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt are mixed according to the molar ratio of metal amount, namely Ni: co: preparing a mixed solution of 1.5mol/L with Mn =8:1:1, preparing a 32% sodium hydroxide solution, and preparing 25% ammonia water; and (3) pumping a base solution accounting for 60% of the volume of the reaction kettle into the reaction kettle, wherein the ammonia content of the base solution is 3%, the pH value is adjusted to 11.80 +/-0.20, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the stirring speed is 300 rpm.
A precipitation stage: setting the rotation speed to 900rpm, simultaneously pumping 3 solutions into a reaction kettle by using a metering pump, fixing the flow of the nickel, cobalt and manganese mixed solution and the flow of ammonia water, automatically adjusting the pH value on line, controlling the reaction temperature to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 11.80 +/-0.20, maintaining the reaction temperature for 90min, adjusting the pH value to be 11.30 +/-0.20, and stirring the solution at the rotation speed of 600 rpm. And (4) naturally discharging materials in the reaction kettle through a reserved overflow port, and stopping feeding after continuously feeding for 30 hours.
And (3) an aging stage: the pH was adjusted to 11.80. + -. 0.20 by adding 32% sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixture was stirred at 500rpm for 12 hours.
Washing and drying: washing with pure water for 3 times, with a single solid-to-liquid ratio of 15%, stirring for 20min, and performing filter pressing or centrifugal filtration to obtain solid product. And drying for 6h at 120 ℃ to obtain the flaky laminated embedded type stacked secondary particle nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with a flaky laminated embedded type morphology structure.
The prepared nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor is shown in figures 1 and 2.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for flaky laminated embedded accumulation of secondary particles is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a raw material solution: preparing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt into a mixed solution, wherein the total concentration of nickel, cobalt and manganese is 1.0-3.0mol/L, and the mixed solution is marked as solution A; preparing a 32% sodium hydroxide solution and marking as a solution B; preparing 15% -25% ammonia water and marking as a solution C;
(2) and (3) blending reaction kettle bottom liquid: preparing ammonia-soda mixed base solution by using pure water, concentrated ammonia water and 32% sodium hydroxide solution, starting stirring at the stirring speed of 100-300 rpm, and heating to 50-60 ℃;
(3) a crystal nucleus culturing stage: adjusting the stirring rotation speed of the reaction kettle to 800-1000 rpm, respectively adding the solution A, the solution B and the solution C in the step (1) into the reaction kettle in parallel, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50-60 ℃ and the pH to be 11.5-12.0; the reaction time is 90-120 min;
(4) a crystal nucleus growth stage: after the crystal nucleus culture stage is finished, adjusting the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to 400-600 rpm, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50-60 ℃ and the pH to be 11.0-11.5; continuously reacting, and opening the overflow when the liquid level in the reaction kettle rises to an overflow port; stopping feeding when the grain size of crystal nucleus growth reaches 5-15 mu m of target grain size, and controlling the reaction kettle to an aging stage according to aging parameters, namely, the reaction kettle is an aging kettle;
(5) and (3) crystal aging stage: when the liquid level in the aging kettle is over the lower stirring paddle, starting stirring, setting the rotating speed to be 200-500 rpm, controlling the aging temperature to be 50-60 ℃, and adding the solution A to adjust the pH to be 11.5-12.0; aging for 8-12 h;
(6) washing and drying: washing with pure water, and drying at 110-120 ℃ for 6-12 h to obtain a nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor with a chemical formula of NixCoyMnz (OH)2，x、y、z>0, and x + y + z = 1.
2. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), x is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.95.
3. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), Ni: Co: Mn = (0.60-0.95): (0.01-0.30): (0.01-0.30).
4. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), if the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth is smaller than the target grain size, the crystal nucleus growth is independently collected to be used as the low-material of the next starting-up; when the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth is larger than or equal to the target grain size, the single kettle intermittent operation can be carried out until the grain size of the crystal nucleus growth reaches the target grain size of 5-15 mu m, and then the crystal nucleus growth is transferred into an aging kettle.
5. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the ammonia content of the base solution is 1.0-5.0%, and the pH value is adjusted to 11.5-12.0 by using 32% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain ammonia-alkali mixed base solution, wherein the amount of the base solution is 30-70% of the volume of the reaction kettle.
6. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the washing operation in the step (6) comprises the following steps: washing with pure water and filtering for 2-5 times, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of washing is 5-30%.
7. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and (3) stirring for 10-30 min during washing and filtering, and then performing filter pressing or centrifugal filtration.
8. The method of preparing a sheet-like laminated embedded secondary particle accumulated nickel cobalt manganese precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reaction kettle is set to be two-layer stirring, the stirring blades are 3-6 blades, and the stirring form is at least one of a turbine type, an inclined blade type or a paddle type.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN112531158A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-19 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | High-nickel ternary single crystal material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112645392A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-04-13 | 金驰能源材料有限公司 | Laminated high-density sphere-like cobalt oxyhydroxide precursor and preparation method thereof |
| CN113213552A (en) * | 2021-03-20 | 2021-08-06 | 长沙理工大学 | Quasi-spherical porous nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor and preparation method thereof |
| CN114590851A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Metal oxide powder with micro-nano tower layer structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114634212A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-17 | 金驰能源材料有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-cobalt binary precursor with special morphology |
| CN115385399A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-25 | 金驰能源材料有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and intermittent preparation process thereof |
| CN118420005A (en) * | 2024-07-04 | 2024-08-02 | 宁波容百新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive electrode material precursor, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| XIAOQIU CHEN等: "Flake structured SnSbCo/MCMB/C composite as high performance anodes for lithium ion battery", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS》 * |
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| CN115385399A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-25 | 金驰能源材料有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and intermittent preparation process thereof |
| CN115385399B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-07-04 | 金驰能源材料有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor and intermittent preparation process thereof |
| CN118420005A (en) * | 2024-07-04 | 2024-08-02 | 宁波容百新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive electrode material precursor, and preparation method and application thereof |
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