CN115179577A - Forming process of local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section - Google Patents
Forming process of local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section Download PDFInfo
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- CN115179577A CN115179577A CN202210713231.1A CN202210713231A CN115179577A CN 115179577 A CN115179577 A CN 115179577A CN 202210713231 A CN202210713231 A CN 202210713231A CN 115179577 A CN115179577 A CN 115179577A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/0003—Producing profiled members, e.g. beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightweight preparation of metal profiles, and particularly relates to a forming process of a local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy profile with a special-shaped section, which comprises the following steps: 1) heating an aluminum alloy bar, 2) forming an extrusion piece with a special-shaped section, and 3) rapidly quenching the extrusion piece with the special-shaped section; 4) Forming a special-shaped section and stretching and straightening, and 5) artificially aging; 6) Roughening the surface to be locally enhanced, 7) laying fibers, 8) co-curing and secondary aging. Compared with the prior art, the invention fully utilizes the excellent mechanical properties of two light materials, can improve the ductility and some physical properties of the composite structure material while ensuring the improvement of the strength, provides technical guidance in the aspects of process optimization and material supply for the urgent requirements of structural members with higher strength and higher performance in the fields of aerospace, automobile and the like in the future, and has certain scientific research value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightweight preparation of metal profiles, and particularly relates to a forming process of a local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy profile with a special-shaped section.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace and defense industries, the speed of the aircraft is faster and faster, the voyage is further and further, the requirements on materials are higher and higher, the light weight of parts of the aircraft becomes an inevitable trend, and the research and the manufacture of light-weight complex-structure products are becoming key points. However, while the weight of the complex-structure parts is reduced, the safety indexes such as strength and rigidity of the parts must be ensured to meet the requirements, so that light alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy are increasingly applied to the field. However, the conventional single metal or fiber reinforced resin-based composite material is difficult to meet the requirements, and the fiber reinforced metal composite material is produced to solve the problem. In the aerospace field, the overall toughness of the aluminum alloy can be improved by integrally covering the fiber material, but the reinforced fiber is also generated at the position where the reinforcement is not needed, so that the waste of a reinforced phase is caused, and therefore, the laying of the fiber material at a key position is very important. The local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy material adopts a high tensile stress area in a high-strength fiber reinforced service process, so that the key position of the material has excellent performance which cannot be compared with a common aluminum alloy material.
At present, many processes have been developed for the preparation of fiber reinforced aluminum alloy composite materials at home and abroad, for the processes, the mainstream forming mode is hot forming at present, the forming technology combines heat treatment and hot forming, the material is ensured to have good plastic fluidity at the forming stage and easy to form, and the strength can be improved through aging treatment. However, due to the limitation of microstructure morphology of the metal material, the difference of forming limit thereof is affected, and successful development of products with complex shapes is difficult to realize by using a single forming mode or structure. By combining the wide application prospect of the glass fiber composite light material in the field of aerospace at present, the glass fiber has the following characteristics: 1. the tensile strength is high, and the elongation is only 3%;2. the elasticity coefficient is high, and the rigidity is good; 3. the elongation within the elastic limit is large, the tensile strength is high, and the impact energy absorption is large; 4. the paint has excellent environmental weather resistance, acid and alkali resistance, salt mist resistance and heat resistance; 5. compared with carbon fiber, the carbon fiber composite material has low price and can be used in batches. Therefore, structural compounding and material compounding of light metal materials such as aluminum alloy and glass fibers are proposed, and while the advantages of light weight of the two materials are fully utilized to realize light weight, a composite forming process of the two materials is also actively developed, so that the formed product has the effect of re-enhancing the forming quality, the forming limit, the mechanical property and the like. How to combine two light materials with high-quality mechanical properties is an innovative forming process, which has great significance for developing light aerospace parts with higher strength, and meanwhile, depending on the continuous development of the aerospace field, the composite forming process of the two materials also has certain guiding significance for the design and development of automobile parts with higher strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention combines the new process technology of aluminum alloy heat treatment-quenching integration with the fiber composite material heat curing technology to achieve the technical effect of improving the performance of the high tensile stress area of the light alloy part.
The invention provides a forming process of a local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section, which comprises the following steps:
1) Heating an aluminum alloy bar stock, heating the aluminum alloy bar stock to a solid solution temperature and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
2) Forming an extrusion piece with a special-shaped section, quickly transferring the bar to a preheated special-shaped section die for hot extrusion, wherein the preheated temperature of the special-shaped section die is the same as the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar;
3) Rapidly quenching the extrusion with the special-shaped section;
4) Forming a special-shaped section profile, stretching and straightening, cutting the quenched special-shaped section extrusion piece according to a preset size to form the special-shaped section profile, stretching and straightening when the special-shaped section profile is cooled to be below 80 ℃, and controlling the stretching rate to be 0.5%;
5) Artificial aging;
6) Roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface, and roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface of the sectional material with the abnormal cross section after artificial aging by using anodic oxidation equipment;
7) Laying fibers, namely laying the fibers on the roughened special-shaped section material to be locally reinforced to obtain a preformed piece;
8) Co-curing and secondary aging.
Further, in the step 1), the heating furnace is firstly heated to the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy bar stock, then the aluminum alloy bar stock is transferred into the heating furnace through the manipulator to be heated, and after the bar stock reaches the solid solution temperature, the heat preservation is continued for a period of time.
Further, in the step 2), the aluminum alloy bar is taken out of the heating furnace and placed into an extrusion die with a special-shaped section of extrusion equipment to be extruded at an extrusion speed of 1m/min to 1.5m/min, the aluminum alloy bar is extruded from a die hole of the extrusion die to form an extrusion piece with the special-shaped section, in the step 3), a cooling water pipeline is arranged in the mould with the special-shaped section, and after hot extrusion molding is finished, circulating cooling water is introduced into the cooling water pipeline to carry out rapid quenching in the die.
Further, in the step 7), carrying out a three-dimensional space woven structure on fibers made of different materials, infiltrating thermosetting resin into the three-dimensional space woven structure to form a prepreg, and adhering the prepreg to the quasi-local reinforced surface of the special-shaped section material according to different layering modes; the fibers comprise carbon fibers, glass fibers and/or hemp according to the material; the layering mode comprises single-direction layering, two-way orthogonal layering or random-direction layering.
Further, the surface to be locally enhanced is a surface corresponding to a high tensile stress area of the special-shaped section.
Compared with the prior art, the invention fully utilizes the excellent mechanical properties of two light materials, can improve the ductility and some physical properties of the composite structure material while ensuring the improvement of the strength, provides technical guidance in the aspects of process optimization and material supply for the urgent requirements of structural members with higher strength and higher performance in the fields of aerospace, automobile and the like in the future, and has certain scientific research value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy profile with the special-shaped section provided by the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Heating an aluminum alloy bar stock, heating the aluminum alloy bar stock to a solid solution temperature and keeping the temperature for a period of time; firstly, heating a heating furnace to the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy bar, then transferring the aluminum alloy bar into the heating furnace through a manipulator for heating, and continuing to keep the temperature for a period of time after the bar reaches the solid solution temperature. Keeping the temperature for a period of time to ensure that a supersaturated solid solution is obtained. If the solid solution temperature is too low, the alloy elements cannot be completely dissolved in the aluminum base, so that the supersaturation degree of the solid solution is low, and the strength and the hardness of a final product are influenced; the solution temperature is too high, which causes coarse grains and even serious overburning, so that the proper solution temperature is the most critical process factor in the whole process flow.
2) Forming an extrusion piece with a special-shaped section, quickly transferring the bar into a preheated mould with the special-shaped section for hot extrusion, wherein the preheated temperature of the mould with the special-shaped section is the same as the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar; and taking the aluminum alloy bar out of the heating furnace, placing the aluminum alloy bar into an extrusion die with a special-shaped section of extrusion equipment, extruding at the extrusion speed of 1m/min to 1.5m/min, and extruding the aluminum alloy bar from a die hole of the extrusion die to form a special-shaped section extrusion piece. During the material transfer process, the temperature of the bar stock at the beginning of forming is lower than the solid solution temperature because the bar stock and air are subjected to heat radiation to dissipate heat. The transfer time of the bar stock cannot be overlong so as to prevent the initial forming temperature of the bar stock in the die from being far lower than the solid solution temperature, which causes poor plasticity and influences the fluidity of the bar stock in the hot forming process, and simultaneously prevent the secondary phase precipitation of the internal structure from influencing the aging result.
3) Rapidly quenching the extrusion with the special-shaped section; and a cooling water pipeline is arranged in the special-shaped section die, and after the hot extrusion molding is finished, circulating cooling water is introduced into the cooling water pipeline to carry out rapid quenching in the die. In the hot forming-quenching process, the quenching cooling speed is a key process parameter, and the aperture, arrangement, water flow and the like of a cooling pipeline directly determine the quenching speed of a part in a die. The rapid cooling ensures that an unstable supersaturated solid solution is obtained for obtaining higher strength parts by subsequent aging treatment.
4) Forming a special-shaped section profile, stretching and straightening, cutting the quenched special-shaped section extrusion piece according to a preset size to form the special-shaped section profile, and stretching and straightening when the special-shaped section profile is cooled to be below 80 ℃, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 0.5%;
5) Artificial aging; in the artificial aging process, the aluminum alloy structure strengthening phase is dispersed and precipitated, and the resistance of dislocation motion is increased, so that the strength of the material is enhanced.
6) Roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface, namely roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface of the artificially aged special-shaped section by using anodic oxidation equipment; the quasi-local reinforced surface is a surface corresponding to a high tensile stress area of the special-shaped section. In the anodic oxidation process, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved, and meanwhile, the binding force of the surface of the aluminum alloy, an organic coating and an inorganic covering layer can be enhanced.
7) Laying fibers, namely laying the fibers on the roughened special-shaped section material quasi-local reinforced surface to obtain a preformed piece; carrying out three-dimensional space weaving structure on fibers made of different materials, infiltrating thermosetting resin into the three-dimensional space weaving structure to form prepreg, and adhering the prepreg to the surface to be locally reinforced of the special-shaped section bar according to different layering modes; the fibers comprise carbon fibers, glass fibers and/or hemp according to the material; the mechanical properties of the composite board are different due to the fibers made of different materials; the layering mode comprises single-direction layering, two-way orthogonal layering or random-direction layering, and the mechanical property of the fiber reinforced material in all directions is seriously influenced by the layering mode. The thermosetting resin is used as a medium for bonding a fiber woven structure and an aluminum alloy special-shaped section obtained by thermoforming, and the preparation of the local fiber reinforced metal section is realized through the binding force between metal/nonmetal surface molecules.
8) Co-curing and secondary aging. The fracture toughness and stress corrosion resistance of the sectional material after two-stage aging are obviously improved, and meanwhile, in the aging temperature range, the fiber composite material enables the two materials, namely the composite material and the metal matrix, to be connected and bonded due to the thermosetting characteristic of the bonding resin, so that a high-strength, compact, light-weight and high-strength composite material is formed.
The invention fully utilizes the thermosetting and metal aging strengthening effects of the resin material, ensures that the second phase dispersion precipitation strengthening of the metal material is realized, and simultaneously, the nonmetal fiber structure is strongly bonded with the metal plate, and the two materials with excellent performance are combined to obtain the light complex section structural member with higher strength.
Where the invention is not described in detail it is prior art or common general knowledge in the field.
Claims (5)
1. A forming process of a local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Heating an aluminum alloy bar stock, heating the aluminum alloy bar stock to a solid solution temperature and keeping the temperature for a period of time;
2) Forming an extrusion piece with a special-shaped section, quickly transferring the bar to a preheated special-shaped section die for hot extrusion, wherein the preheated temperature of the special-shaped section die is the same as the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy bar;
3) Rapidly quenching the extrusion part with the special-shaped section;
4) Forming a special-shaped section profile, stretching and straightening, cutting the quenched special-shaped section extrusion piece according to a preset size to form the special-shaped section profile, stretching and straightening when the special-shaped section profile is cooled to be below 80 ℃, and controlling the stretching rate to be 0.5%;
5) Artificial aging;
6) Roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface, namely roughening the quasi-local reinforced surface of the artificially aged special-shaped section by using anodic oxidation equipment;
7) Laying fibers, namely laying the fibers on the roughened special-shaped section material to be locally reinforced to obtain a preformed piece;
8) Co-curing and secondary aging.
2. The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the heating furnace is firstly heated to the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy bar, then the aluminum alloy bar is transferred into the heating furnace for heating through the manipulator, and the bar is continuously kept warm for a period of time after reaching the solid solution temperature.
3. The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), the aluminum alloy bar is taken out of the heating furnace and placed in an extrusion die with a special-shaped section of extrusion equipment for extrusion at an extrusion speed of 1m/min to 1.5m/min, and the aluminum alloy bar is extruded from a die hole of the extrusion die to form an extrusion piece with the special-shaped section
The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3), a cooling water pipeline is arranged in the special-shaped section die, and after the hot extrusion molding is finished, circulating cooling water is introduced into the cooling water pipeline to carry out rapid quenching in the die.
4. The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 7), carrying out three-dimensional space weaving structure on fibers made of different materials, infiltrating the three-dimensional space weaving structure with thermosetting resin to form prepreg, and adhering the prepreg to the quasi-local reinforced surface of the special-shaped section material according to different layering modes; the fibers comprise carbon fibers, glass fibers and/or hemp according to the material; the layering mode comprises unidirectional layering, bidirectional orthogonal layering or random layering.
5. The forming process of the local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section profile according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the quasi-local reinforced surface is a surface corresponding to a high tensile stress area of the special-shaped section.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210713231.1A CN115179577A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Forming process of local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section |
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| CN202210713231.1A CN115179577A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Forming process of local fiber reinforced aluminum alloy special-shaped section |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117684102A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-03-12 | 中山尚洋科技股份有限公司 | Forming method of special-shaped aluminum pipe and cosmetic brush |
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| CN111231366A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | CFRP/aluminum alloy hot forming quenching aging co-curing integrated forming method |
| CN114603029A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-10 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | High-performance hybrid laminate heat-solid integrated forming process |
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- 2022-06-22 CN CN202210713231.1A patent/CN115179577A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107931343A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 朱旭 | A kind of extrusion process of aluminium alloy extrusions |
| CN108165907A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-06-15 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Car crass energy absorbing component production process of aluminium section and the aluminium section bar of production |
| CN110405033A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-05 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Fiber heat cure is compound enhances forming technology again for a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy drop stamping- |
| CN111231366A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | CFRP/aluminum alloy hot forming quenching aging co-curing integrated forming method |
| CN114603029A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-06-10 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | High-performance hybrid laminate heat-solid integrated forming process |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117684102A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-03-12 | 中山尚洋科技股份有限公司 | Forming method of special-shaped aluminum pipe and cosmetic brush |
| CN117684102B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-08-27 | 中山尚洋科技股份有限公司 | Forming method of special-shaped aluminum pipe and cosmetic brush |
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