CN115176917A - 一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115176917A CN115176917A CN202210926394.8A CN202210926394A CN115176917A CN 115176917 A CN115176917 A CN 115176917A CN 202210926394 A CN202210926394 A CN 202210926394A CN 115176917 A CN115176917 A CN 115176917A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料及其制备方法，每千克本品由如下各原料组成：鱼粉；膨化大豆；葡萄糖；发酵豆粕；磷酸氢钙；碳酸钙；肠膜蛋白；氯化钠；酵母菌；酵母细胞壁提取物；乳化油脂；98.5％赖氨酸；苏氨酸；肠道因子；微生态制剂；氯化胆碱；小苏打；酶制剂；甜蜜素；香蜜素；抗氧化剂；矿物质混合物；复合维生素；中药组合物；载体。通过合理选择和复配混合各原料，本发明提供的复合预混合饲料具有适口性好、营养丰富、保健效果强、抗应激、促奶水、促发情等众多优点，可减少母猪断奶体重损失，掉膘少，恢复快，发情间隔短，骨骼健壮、繁育年限长，提高母猪利用率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于饲料领域，具体涉及一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料及其制备方法。
背景技术
母猪在养猪中的作用特别关键，其关系着猪场的生产,一个猪场的盈利主要取决于母猪的生产情况。因此,母猪的饲养管理及使用饲料需要格外认真对待,不能疏忽。在实际生产中，常常会出现母猪奶水不足、产仔数量较少、发病率高和仔猪发育不整齐等影响猪厂养殖经济效益的现象。哺乳阶段是消耗体内营养最多，代谢旺盛时期，必须满足母猪高营养需要。
复配合理的母猪饲料应能促进母猪怀孕后期胎儿的发育、增大初生仔猪重量、提高仔猪免疫力、提高仔猪成活率和发育整齐度、减少断奶后母猪体重损失、促进母猪发情，从而提高母猪利用率和养殖效益。然而，现有的常规母猪饲料较难实现上述目的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料及其制备方法，旨在克服现有常规饲料存在无法同时满足母猪孕期、产期及哺乳期营养需求及仔猪发育需求的不足。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，每千克本品由如下比例的各原料组成：鱼粉195-205g；膨化大豆175-185g；葡萄糖115-125g；发酵豆粕85-95g；磷酸氢钙85-95g；碳酸钙55-65g；肠膜蛋白65-75g；氯化钠25-35g；酵母菌8-12g；酵母细胞壁提取物8-12g；乳化油脂5-7g；98.5％赖氨酸5-7g；苏氨酸2-4g；肠道因子5-7g；微生态制剂4-6g；氯化胆碱3.5-7g；小苏打2-4g；酶制剂1-2g；甜蜜素1.5-2.5g；香蜜素1.5-2.5g；抗氧化剂0.8-1.2g；矿物质混合物15-20g；复合维生素0.5-1.1g；中药组合物10-15g；载体75-85g。
蛋白质和赖氨酸水平影响泌乳母猪体重损失及背膘损失。饲粮蛋白水平与泌乳量、乳中脂肪及总固形物含量呈线性关系。提高泌乳母猪饲粮蛋白质和赖氨酸水平可增加产奶量、乳蛋白和乳脂肪含量，并改善仔猪的断奶窝重和增重速度。泌乳母猪饲粮蛋白质和赖氨酸水平分别在16～18％和0.85～1.0％比较适宜，且根据气候、猪群的体况等作适当调整。本配方中选用优质进口鱼粉、肠膜蛋白粉等，满足母猪哺乳期蛋白质需求。
补充饲料脂肪，可增加饲料的能量浓度，由于脂肪的热增耗较少，饲料的净能利用将增加，从而改善仔猪的初生重和成活率以及母猪泌乳阶段的生产性能和断奶后繁殖性能。在补充脂肪时需要考虑脂肪的品质和脂肪酸的组成，植物油由于含有较高的不饱和脂肪酸尤其是亚油酸的含量，代谢能值较高，但要防止这类脂肪的氧化。酸败的脂肪不仅影响饲料的适口性，直接影响动物的生产性能，所以本配方选用优质乳化油脂并搭配抗氧化剂，没有选用市面上的普通植物、动物油，避免脂肪氧化问题。
另外，泌乳母猪每天要分泌乳汁，因此其饲粮中应有足够的钙和磷(有效磷)、钠、钾、氯等。在饲料中使用一些添加剂(有机铬、酵母菌、植物提取物、进口酶制剂、肠道因子、微生态制剂等)，对于改善饲料适口性和母猪繁殖性能有明显作用。日粮中添加甲基吡定铬(有机铬)可改善母猪的繁殖成绩；补饲适宜的酵母或酵母培养物日粮中添加适宜的有机硒也可改善母猪的繁殖成绩；日粮中添加适宜的植物提取物，有助于改善母猪的肠道健康，提高采食量，改进繁殖性能。
哺乳母猪对食物中微量元素的摄入、消化和吸收与多种因素有关，其中最主要的是饲料中微量元素的含量种类组成及元素间的协同与拮抗作用。同时，微量元素具有不稳定和易结合的特点，因此发生相互作用的可能性要比其他物质大很多。元素间的相互作用影响加入到饲料中的微量元素的使用效价，这些作用可发生在饲料中，在消化道组织和组织细胞代谢过程中。因此，本发明的复合预混合饲料针对微量元素间的协同拮抗作用进行了充分分析，制定出了更为合理、利用效果更好的微量元素配比。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下进一步的具体选择或最最优选择。
具体的，所述载体为砻糠粉或沸石粉。
具体的，所述矿物质混合物由以下原料组成且在每千克饲料中的含量如下：硫酸镁2-4g；硫酸铜0.8-1.2g；甘氨酸铁螯合物4.8-5.2g；甘氨酸锌螯合物2.6-3g；硫酸锰2.2-2.6g；1％碘酸钙0.3-0.5g；1％亚硒酸钠0.4-0.5g；1％钴载体0.1-0.2g；有机铬0.002-0.003g。1％钴载体优选为1％乙酸钴水溶液。
具体的，所述复合维生素由以下原料组成且在每千克饲料中的含量如下：维生素A6-7万IU；维生素D3 2-3万IU；维生素E 288-350IU；维生素K3 24-30mg；维生素B1 19-25mg；维生素B2 57-67mg；维生素B6 33-40mg；维生素B12 0.2-0.4mg；泛酸120-200mg；叶酸28-35mg；烟酸288-360mg；生物素1.9-2.4mg。
具体的，所述中药组合物由以下中药原料组成且在每千克饲料中的含量如下：益母草2-4g；黄芪1-2g；王不留行2-4g；绞股蓝0.5-1g；贞子0.5-1g；菟丝子0.2-1g；淫羊藿0.5-1g；阳起石0.5-1g。
2020年起国家农业部规定饲料中全面禁止添加抗生素，中药应用在养猪的过程中作用很大。本发明提供的中药组合物适量添加至饲料中后给母猪保健不仅效果好，而且没有副作用，实现防大于治的效果。
本发明还提供了制备上述母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料的方法，其包括如下步骤：
(1)按照用量比例分别对矿物质混合物、复合维生素和中药组合物在腰鼓式不锈钢混合机内，用载体按照50-200：1的重量比分别对其单独进行稀释预混匀，备用；接着，将酵母菌、酵母细胞壁提取物、乳化油脂、肠道因子、微生态制剂、酶制剂、甜蜜素、香蜜素、抗氧化剂用载体按照50-200：1的重量比进行稀释预混匀，备用；然后将上述已预混合均匀备用的半成品转运至生产成品的大混合机上投料口；
(2)机器开启正常运转后先从混合机下投料口通过提升机依次投入相应用量比例的磷酸氢钙、鱼粉、膨化大豆、葡萄糖、发酵豆粕、碳酸钙、肠膜蛋白和氯化钠，进行搅拌混合；
(3)将上述预混合好备用的矿物质、复合维生素、中药组合物预混合物从混合机上投料口投入成品混合机；
(4)预混合物投入完成后将98.5％赖氨酸、苏氨酸、氯化胆碱、小苏打通过上投料口投入混合机；
(5)待其他料投入完成后，最后从下投料口将剩余所有载体投入混合机内将所有原料充分混合均匀，产品混合均匀度变异系数≤7.0％。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
通过合理选择和复配混合各原料，本发明提供的复合预混合饲料具有适口性好、营养丰富、保健效果强、抗应激、促奶水、促发情等众多优点。其中适口性好，可保证母猪采食量提高，特别是高温季节，增强母猪食欲，通过提高哺乳母猪采食量保证母猪摄入营养；营养丰富，可促进母猪怀孕后期胎儿的发育，提高怀孕数量和仔猪出生重量；保健效果强，均衡微量元素，添加酶制剂、微生态制剂、中药保健添加剂，进一步强化母体健康，增强母猪和仔猪免疫力，提高仔猪成活率和发育的整齐度；添加优质进口鱼粉、膨化大豆、发酵豆粕、乳化油脂、肠膜蛋白和多种生育因子调制剂，大幅度提高母猪泌乳量和乳脂率，快速补充母猪所需的营养及体能消耗，促进母猪奶水分泌，奶水营养充足，促进仔猪发育均匀，同时可减少母猪断奶体重损失，掉膘少，恢复快，发情间隔短，骨骼健壮、繁育年限长，提高母猪利用率。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明提供的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
为免赘述，以下实施例中用到的药品若无特别说明则均为市售产品，用到的方法若无特别说明则均为本领域的常规方法。
以下实施例中的母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料均通过如下方法制备，包括如下步骤：
(1)按照用量比例分别对矿物质混合物、复合维生素和中药组合物在腰鼓式不锈钢混合机内，用载体按照50-200：1的重量比分别对其单独进行稀释预混匀，备用；接着，将酵母菌、酵母细胞壁提取物、乳化油脂、肠道因子、微生态制剂、酶制剂、甜蜜素、香蜜素、抗氧化剂用载体按照50-200：1的重量比进行稀释预混匀，备用；然后将上述已预混合均匀备用的半成品转运至生产成品的大混合机上投料口；
(2)机器开启正常运转后先从混合机下投料口通过提升机依次投入相应用量比例的磷酸氢钙、鱼粉、膨化大豆、葡萄糖、发酵豆粕、碳酸钙、肠膜蛋白和氯化钠，进行搅拌混合；
(3)将上述预混合好备用的矿物质、复合维生素、中药组合物预混合物从混合机上投料口投入成品混合机；
(4)预混合物投入完成后将98.5％赖氨酸、苏氨酸、氯化胆碱、小苏打通过上投料口投入混合机；
(5)待其他料投入完成后，最后从下投料口将剩余所有载体投入混合机内将所有原料充分混合均匀，产品混合均匀度变异系数≤7.0％。
实施例1
本发明提供一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，每千克本品由如下比例的各原料组成：
实施例2
本发明提供一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，每千克本品由如下比例的各原料组成：
实施例3
本发明提供一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，每千克本品由如下比例的各原料组成：
选品种、体重、健康状况和历史产仔数量质量接近的多头母猪分成三个试验组和一个对照组，三个试验组分别使用上述实施例1至3提供的复合饲料喂养，对照组采用普通猪饲料喂养，饲养管理，按常规程序和方法进行驱虫、免疫等日常管理，自由饮水。一个饲养周期后，记录期间各组母猪生病情况、体重情况、产仔数量、奶水充足程度、猪仔健康程度及发情间隔等，发现实施例1至3对应试验组的母猪上述各项指标较为接近且均明显好于对照组，平均生病次数对照组是各试验组的1.5-2倍，平均体重各试验组比对照组增加10-20％，平均产仔数量各试验组比对照组平均每头多2-4头，各试验组奶水均充足，而对照组则有一定量的奶水不足情况，各试验组的猪仔体质明显优于对照组，同期内各试验组猪仔体重增加程度比对照组快5-10％，各试验组母猪的发情间隔亦比对照组明显缩短。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，其特征在于，每千克本品由如下比例的各原料组成：鱼粉195-205g；膨化大豆175-185g；葡萄糖115-125g；发酵豆粕85-95g；磷酸氢钙85-95g；碳酸钙55-65g；肠膜蛋白65-75g；氯化钠25-35g；酵母菌8-12g；酵母细胞壁提取物8-12g；乳化油脂5-7g；98.5％赖氨酸5-7g；苏氨酸2-4g；肠道因子5-7g；微生态制剂4-6g；氯化胆碱3.5-7g；小苏打2-4g；酶制剂1-2g；甜蜜素1.5-2.5g；香蜜素1.5-2.5g；抗氧化剂0.8-1.2g；矿物质混合物15-20g；复合维生素0.5-1.1g；中药组合物10-15g；载体75-85g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，其特征在于，所述载体为砻糠粉或沸石粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，其特征在于，所述矿物质混合物由以下原料组成且在每千克本品中的含量如下：硫酸镁2-4g；硫酸铜0.8-1.2g；甘氨酸铁螯合物4.8-5.2g；甘氨酸锌螯合物2.6-3g；硫酸锰2.2-2.6g；1％碘酸钙0.3-0.5g；1％亚硒酸钠0.4-0.5g；1％钴载体0.1-0.2g；有机铬0.002-0.003g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，其特征在于，所述复合维生素由以下原料组成且在每千克本品中的含量如下：维生素A 6-7万IU；维生素D32-3万IU；维生素E 288-350IU；维生素K324-30mg；维生素B119-25mg；维生素B257-67mg；维生素B633-40mg；维生素B120.2-0.4mg；泛酸120-200mg；叶酸28-35mg；烟酸288-360mg；生物素1.9-2.4mg。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的一种母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料，其特征在于，所述中药组合物由以下中药原料组成且在每千克本品中的含量如下：益母草2-4g；黄芪1-2g；王不留行2-4g；绞股蓝0.5-1g；贞子0.5-1g；菟丝子0.2-0.5g；淫羊藿0.5-1g；阳起石0.5-1g。
6.一种制备如权利要求1至5任一项所述母猪哺乳期复合预混合饲料的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)按照用量比例分别对矿物质混合物、复合维生素和中药组合物在腰鼓式不锈钢混合机内，用载体按照50-200：1的重量比分别对其单独进行稀释预混匀，备用；接着，将酵母菌、酵母细胞壁提取物、乳化油脂、肠道因子、微生态制剂、酶制剂、甜蜜素、香蜜素、抗氧化剂用载体按照50-200：1的重量比进行稀释预混匀，备用；然后将上述已预混合均匀备用的半成品转运至生产成品的大混合机上投料口；
(2)机器开启正常运转后先从混合机下投料口通过提升机依次投入相应用量比例的磷酸氢钙、鱼粉、膨化大豆、葡萄糖、发酵豆粕、碳酸钙、肠膜蛋白和氯化钠，进行搅拌混合；
(3)将上述预混合好备用的矿物质、复合维生素、中药组合物预混合物从混合机上投料口投入成品混合机；
(4)预混合物投入完成后将98.5％赖氨酸、苏氨酸、氯化胆碱、小苏打通过上投料口投入混合机；
(5)待其他料投入完成后，最后从下投料口将剩余所有载体投入混合机内将所有原料充分混合均匀，产品混合均匀度变异系数≤7.0％。
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| CN101999545A (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-04-06 | 北京资源亚太饲料科技有限公司 | 一种哺乳母猪配合饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN108079284A (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 山东迅达康生物科技有限公司 | 一种提高母猪生产性能的药物、其制备方法及应用 |
| CN108244333A (zh) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-07-06 | 北京九州大地生物技术集团股份有限公司 | 一种哺乳母猪饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN109007271A (zh) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-18 | 佛山市广牧兴饲料有限公司 | 一种哺乳期母猪饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN101999545A (zh) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-04-06 | 北京资源亚太饲料科技有限公司 | 一种哺乳母猪配合饲料及其制备方法 |
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