CN115174772B - Device and method for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence - Google Patents
Device and method for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence Download PDFInfo
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- CN115174772B CN115174772B CN202210740651.9A CN202210740651A CN115174772B CN 115174772 B CN115174772 B CN 115174772B CN 202210740651 A CN202210740651 A CN 202210740651A CN 115174772 B CN115174772 B CN 115174772B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100384865 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) cot-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/005—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
- G03B21/006—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using LCD's
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence, comprising a lens component, at least one liquid crystal shifter, a 1/2 wave plate and an image display; the light beam emitted by the image display device is projected out through the lens assembly through the liquid crystal shifter; the liquid crystal shifter consists of a liquid crystal carrier, a phase matching film and a transparent conductive film; the liquid crystal carrier is a nano liquid crystal material; the 1/2 wave plate is arranged on the light-emitting side of the light beam; the liquid crystal shifter may be configured to shift polarized light horizontally/vertically/diagonally by a distance of 0.5 pixels according to the physical size of the pixels of the video source and the multiple of resolution improvement. The invention allows the resolution of the synthesized image to be increased by a factor of N by superimposing N low resolution images. The liquid crystal shift speed can be faster, the lifetime can be longer, the reference can be smaller, and the power consumption can be lower than the mechanical image displacement devices commonly seen in the current market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a device and a method for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence.
Background
The resolution product is improved in the projection field in the current industry, the resolution is improved by deflecting the optical glass through mechanical high-frequency vibration driven by the principle of an electromagnetic structure, and the resolution is improved by refracting light through the optical glass, so that reference is made to patent publication No.: CN113422899 a, patent application number: 202110883834.1; the resolution of the mechanical structure product is improved, the deflection force required by deflection is provided through an electromagnetic scheme, certain requirements on the volume are required in the structure, the length, width and high volume of the external dimension are limited when the product is designed, and the minimum product shape in the industry is 21 x 14 x 2.6mm at present; the product needs sufficient driving force when working, so there is certain consumption, compares the semiconductor type product consumption and can be relatively higher, and mechanical structure is receiving external vibration source interference when vibrating in addition, and the imaging picture exists the shake phenomenon.
The present invention has been made in view of this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a device and a method for improving the image resolution by controlling the birefringence of liquid crystal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence comprises a lens assembly, at least one liquid crystal shifter, a 1/2 wave plate and an image display device;
the light beam emitted by the image display device is projected out through the lens assembly through the liquid crystal shifter;
the liquid crystal display consists of a liquid crystal carrier, a liquid crystal layer and a transparent conductive film;
a nano liquid crystal material is sealed between the liquid crystal carrier and the transparent conductive film, the nano liquid crystal material forms a liquid crystal layer with double refraction, and the 1/2 wave plate is arranged on the light-emitting side of the light beam;
the nano-liquid crystal material is configured to shift polarized light by a distance h of at least 0.5 times the distance of pixels of the image display device, and the pixel shift h is adjustable.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device has X and Y direction two-dimensional pixel displacement functions; the pixel displacement is generated in X, Y and XY axis symmetry directions by controlling the power-on time sequence, and the resolution is improved by combining images through a software algorithm and image analysis.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of layers of the liquid crystal shift is 2, and a 1/2 wave plate is arranged between the two layers and used for rotating the vertically polarized light by 90 degrees, wherein the first liquid crystal shift has an X-direction pixel displacement function, and the second liquid crystal shift has a Y-direction pixel displacement function, so that the translation of light beams in 4 directions in a two-dimensional space can be satisfied, and the image resolution is improved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the power-on sequence is two power-on sequences of an X layer and a Y layer, the T1 section is powered on the X layer, and the T2 section is powered on the X layer and the Y layer simultaneously; the T3 layer is electrified in the Y layer, and the T4 layer is not electrified.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the liquid crystal spacer is 1mm, and the thickness of the single-layer nano liquid crystal material is 5-20um.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pixel displacement h=l×tan (Φ), L being the thickness of the liquid crystal cell;
refraction angle phi = cot-1 (ne 2/no2 x cos (q)) -45 °; wherein n is e Refractive index of liquid crystal fast axis, n o The refractive index of the slow axis of the liquid crystal is q, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is shown.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pulse time interval of the power-on is 1/X1/M1/N; wherein N is the number of liquid crystal layers of the shifter, M is the number of pixel displacement positions, N is the refresh rate of the original image, the visual visibility of the original image and the displacement image is ensured, the power-on time sequence is that the odd layer is powered on, the even layer is powered on, the odd layer is powered off, the even layer is powered on, and the even layer is powered off and circulated in sequence.
The invention also relates to a method for improving the resolution of an image by controlling the refractive index of the liquid crystal, which comprises the following steps:
1) When the original pixel is powered on, the original pixel passes through the liquid crystal pixel without deviation to reach the image display device;
2) When the original pixel liquid crystal shifter is not powered on, the offset distance d passes through the liquid crystal shifter to reach the image display device; the power-on sequence between the step 1) is two power-on sequences of an X layer and a Y layer, the T1 section is the power-on of the X layer, and the T2 section is the power-on of the X layer and the Y layer simultaneously; the T3 layer is electrified for the Y layer, and the T4 layer is not electrified;
3) Offset distance h=l TAN (Φ) in step 2), L being the thickness of the liquid crystal cell;
refraction angle phi = cot-1 (ne 2/no2 x cos (q)) -45 °; wherein n is e Refractive index of liquid crystal fast axis, n o The refractive index of the slow axis of the liquid crystal is q, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is shown.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a method for improving image resolution by non-mechanical actuation, which is characterized in that the improvement of image resolution is satisfied, the power consumption is reduced, the volume is reduced, and the service life is prolonged
2. The existing mechanical structure is interfered by an external vibration source when vibrating, and an imaging picture has a shaking phenomenon;
3. the invention uses optical products, has the advantage of miniaturization in volume, adopts the characteristics of optics and materials, can form the thickness of a carrier from the products to be less than 1mm, and has the characteristics that the minimum thickness of the traditional mechanical product is 2.6mm at present, and the volume of the scheme is smaller.
4. The traditional mechanical action improves the image resolution by utilizing an electromagnetic principle, and the insulation layer of the electrified coil is aged and the magnetism of the magnet is also degraded in a long time; the birefringence principle of the liquid crystal adopted by the scheme utilizes the characteristics of the material to the light beam to improve the image resolution and prolong the service life.
5. The invention ensures that the original pixel and the displacement pixel are visible at the same time through the power-on interval and the sequence, and the resolution is enhanced by multilayer superposition.
6. The invention allows the resolution of the synthesized image to be increased by a factor of N by superimposing N low resolution images. The liquid crystal shift speed can be faster, the lifetime can be longer, the reference can be smaller, and the power consumption can be lower than the mechanical image displacement devices commonly seen in the current market.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of resolution enhancement achieved by a method of 0.5 pixel displacement in the horizontal direction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the superposition imaging of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the driving waveforms and the image displacement of two liquid crystal shifters according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the displacement of the original pixel liquid crystal pixel according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a lens assembly; 2. a liquid crystal shifter; 3. an image display device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, a device for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence is disclosed, which comprises a lens assembly 1, at least one liquid crystal shifter, a 1/2 wave plate and an image display device 3;
the light beam emitted by the image display 3 is projected out through the lens component 1 by the liquid crystal shifter;
the liquid crystal display consists of a liquid crystal carrier, an alignment film and a transparent conductive film;
the nano liquid crystal material sealed between the alignment film films can be electrically controlled to be in a photo-uniaxial or biaxial crystal structure state, and the 1/2 wave plate is arranged on the light emergent side of the light beam;
the liquid crystal shift is configured to shift polarized light by a distance h of at least 0.5 times the pixel of the image display device.
Integration of N frames of low resolution images at N frame rates by the human eye can result in N resolution improvements.
According to the scheme, the liquid crystal high-molecular polymer has a double refraction principle, the light beam is translated from the change of the material in power on and different power, the resolution is improved, the liquid crystal + optical glass material + conductive film is used, the thickness of the material can be designed into thin materials, such as 0.1mm of optical glass, 0.05mm of liquid crystal film and even thinner, the technical difficulty of miniaturization of a product is overcome, meanwhile, the scheme is designed by utilizing the related technology of a semiconductor, powerful technical support is provided for the service life of the product, and the characteristics of long service life and low power consumption are realized.
Through offset distance h design make pixel stack vision obvious, the effect that the drive voltage was transmitted to the liquid crystal to the thin film that energizes simultaneously through the setting of energization pulse interval, guarantees that former pixel and displacement pixel are visible simultaneously to improve the resolution ratio.
Referring to fig. 2, resolution enhancement can be seen after shifting the image by 0.5 pixels.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the device preferably has X and Y direction two-dimensional pixel displacement functions; the pixel displacement is generated in X, Y and XY axis symmetry directions by controlling the power-on time sequence, and the resolution is improved by combining images through a software algorithm and image analysis.
Preferably, two liquid crystal shifts are used for X and Y direction displacements. The human eye synthesizes the 4-frame displacement images to improve the image resolution.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the T1 segment is that neither of the two liquid crystal shifters is powered, and the T2 segment is that the first liquid crystal shifter is powered and the second liquid crystal shifter is powered; the section T3 is that two liquid crystal shifters are electrified at the same time, the section T4 is that the first liquid crystal shifte is electrified and the second liquid crystal shifte is not electrified.
Specifically, the times T1, T2, T3, T4 are the same as the times corresponding to the frame rate of the low-resolution image. The frame rate of the low resolution image is N times the frame rate of the high resolution video observed by the human eye. That is, to realize a video image of 4K resolution of 60 frames, a video image of 2K (low) resolution of 4 different shifts needs to be realized at a quadruple speed.
In order to ensure clear and non-disturbing shift pixels, the switching time of the two liquid crystal shift switches is synchronous with the frame switching time of the video image.
Preferably, the thickness of the liquid crystal shift is 1mm, and the thickness of the single-layer nano liquid crystal material is 5-8um.
The characteristics of optics and materials are adopted in the scheme, the thickness of a carrier formed by the product can be less than 1mm, the minimum thickness of the traditional mechanical actuation product is 2.6mm at present, the volume of the scheme is smaller, the conventional thickness of the material can be 0.1mm or even thinner in the optical field, the thickness of a single-layer nano liquid crystal material is 5-8um, the volume of the scheme product can be smaller compared with the product with the resolution improved by mechanical actuation, and the ultra-thin resolution improvement scheme device can be realized.
Preferably, referring to fig. 5, the offset distance h=l×tan (Φ), L being the thickness of the liquid crystal cell;
refraction angle phi = cot-1 (ne 2/no2 x cos (q)) -45 °; wherein n is e Refractive index of liquid crystal fast axis, n o The refractive index of the slow axis of the liquid crystal is q, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is shown.
Alternatively, the polarization translation distance h is determined by optimizing the liquid crystal thickness L, n e /n o The (fast/slow) axis refractive index, q (pretilt) parameters are adjusted.
When the resolution enhancement module of the single layer is not electrified, the transparent conductive film is not electrified, horizontally polarized light is incident, the polarized light is shifted by the liquid crystal by a distance h, the shift d can be set to be at least 0.5 times of the pixel of the image display device (shift image), when the liquid crystal is electrified, the crystal grain stands, the polarized light is not shifted, and the horizontally polarized light still exits along the original direction (namely the original image); the original image and the offset image are overlapped by controlling the power-on time sequence, so that the image resolution is improved;
the single-layer crystal grains are offset in one direction, and the scheme can realize translation of light beams in 4 directions on XY two-dimensional space by using two liquid crystal shift and one 1/2 wave plate so as to achieve the purpose of improving the resolution of images. The first liquid crystal shifter has an X-direction pixel displacement function, the second liquid crystal shifter has a Y-direction pixel displacement function, and the 1/2 wave plate is used for rotating 90 degrees to align the polarization direction of the light beam projected by the first liquid crystal shifter to the surface of the second liquid crystal shifter with the slow axis of the second liquid crystal shifter. The light beam of the invention is translational type to improve the resolution, and non-refractive type to improve the resolution;
preferably, the pulse time interval of the power-on is 1/X1/M1/N; wherein N is the number of liquid crystal layers of the shifter, M is the number of pixel displacement positions, N is the refresh rate of the original image, the visual visibility of the original image and the displacement image is ensured, the power-on time sequence is that the odd layer is powered on, the even layer is powered on, the odd layer is powered off, the even layer is powered on, and the even layer is powered off and circulated in sequence.
The invention has the advantages that the design advantages of the related technology of the semiconductor are used for realizing miniaturization, long service life and low power consumption; the invention can be applied to resolution improvement of display imaging chips, such as: DMD, LCOS, etc.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The device for improving the image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence is characterized by comprising a lens assembly, at least one liquid crystal shift, a 1/2 wave plate and an image display device;
the light beams emitted by the image display device sequentially pass through the liquid crystal shifter and then are projected out through the lens component;
the liquid crystal shifter consists of a liquid crystal carrier, a phase matching film and a transparent conductive film;
the liquid crystal carrier is made of nano liquid crystal material, and the 1/2 wave plate is arranged on the light emitting side of the light beam;
the nano-liquid crystal material is configured to shift polarized light by a distance h of at least 0.5 times the pixel distance of the image display device, and the polarized light shift h is related to the physical size of the pixel of the image source, the liquid crystal material, the design of the phase matching film and the thickness of the liquid crystal box;
the device has the function of two-dimensional pixel displacement in X and Y directions; generating pixel displacement in the X, Y axis direction by controlling the energization timing;
the thickness of the liquid crystal spacer is 1mm, and the thickness of the single-layer nano liquid crystal material is 5-20um;
the pixel displacement can be obtained by solving the following two equations,
displacement, h=l×tan (Φ), L being the thickness of the liquid crystal cell;
refraction angle, phi = cot -1 （n e 2 /n o 2 X cos (θ)) -45; wherein n is e Refractive index of e-axis of liquid crystal, n o The refractive index of the liquid crystal o optical axis is that of θ, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is that of the liquid crystal.
2. The device for improving the resolution of an image by birefringence of controllable liquid crystals according to claim 1, wherein a 1/2 wave plate is arranged between two liquid crystal shifters for rotating the vertical polarized light emitted by the first liquid crystal shifter by 90 ° to make the vertical polarized light parallel to the slow axis of the first liquid crystal shifter, wherein the first liquid crystal shifter has an X-direction pixel shift function, and the second liquid crystal shifter has a Y-direction pixel shift function, so that the translation of light beams in 4 directions in a two-dimensional space can be satisfied, and the resolution of an image can be improved.
3. The device for improving the resolution of an image by controllable liquid crystal birefringence according to claim 2, wherein the energizing sequence is two energizing sequences of an X-axis and a Y-axis, the T1 segment is energized for the X-axis, and the T2 segment is energized for both the X-axis and the Y-axis; t3 is the power on of the Y axis, and T4 is the power off.
4. The device for improving resolution of an image by controlled birefringence of liquid crystal according to claim 2, wherein the pulse time interval of the power-on is 1/X1/mx 1/N; wherein X is the number of liquid crystal layers of the shifter, M is the number of pixel displacement positions, N is the refresh rate of the original image, the visual visibility of the original image and the displacement image is ensured, the power-on time sequence is that the odd layer is powered on, the even layer is powered on, the odd layer is powered off, the even layer is powered on, and the even layer is powered off and circulated in sequence.
5. A method of controllably liquid crystal birefringence enhancing image resolution comprising the apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, comprising:
1) When the original pixel is powered on, the original pixel passes through the liquid crystal pixel without deviation to reach the image display device; the power-on sequence is two power-on time sequences of an X axis and a Y axis, the T1 section is powered on by the X axis, and the T2 section is powered on by the X axis and the Y axis simultaneously; t3 is the power on of the Y axis, and T4 is the power off;
2) When the original pixel is not powered on, the original pixel reaches the image display device through a liquid crystal shift distance h;
3) Offset distance h=l×tan (Φ) in step 2), L being the thickness of the liquid crystal cell;
refraction angle phi = cot -1 （n e 2 /n o 2 X cos (θ)) -45; wherein n is e Refractive index of e-axis of liquid crystal, n o The refractive index of the liquid crystal o optical axis is that of θ, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is that of the liquid crystal.
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| CN202210740651.9A CN115174772B (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Device and method for improving image resolution by controllable liquid crystal birefringence |
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| CN115174772A (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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