CN115172979B - Battery module, battery and power consumption device - Google Patents

Battery module, battery and power consumption device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115172979B
CN115172979B CN202211050914.XA CN202211050914A CN115172979B CN 115172979 B CN115172979 B CN 115172979B CN 202211050914 A CN202211050914 A CN 202211050914A CN 115172979 B CN115172979 B CN 115172979B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
battery module
connection
battery cells
cells
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Active
Application number
CN202211050914.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115172979A (en
Inventor
杨康康
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd, Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202310533049.2A priority Critical patent/CN116470213A/en
Priority to CN202211050914.XA priority patent/CN115172979B/en
Publication of CN115172979A publication Critical patent/CN115172979A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/094221 priority patent/WO2024045692A1/en
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Publication of CN115172979B publication Critical patent/CN115172979B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The application discloses battery module, battery and power consumption device, battery module includes: the battery cells are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the battery cells; a case for accommodating the battery cell; the two ends of the connecting component extend along the thickness direction of the battery cells respectively, the connecting component is arranged at one end of the plurality of battery cells in the height direction, and the two ends of the connecting component are connected with the shell respectively; wherein, form the accommodation space that restricts battery monomer deformation between casing and the coupling assembling. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of battery monomers are arranged in the battery module, so that the capacity of the battery module is effectively enlarged, and the application range of the battery module is enlarged. And, through setting up coupling assembling in the casing, restriction battery monomer's deformation promotes the security of battery module operation process.

Description

Battery module, battery and power consumption device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to battery technology, and particularly to a battery module, a battery, and an electric device.
Background
Batteries are widely used in electronic devices such as cellular phones, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy vehicles, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools, and the like. The battery may include a cadmium nickel battery, a hydrogen nickel battery, a lithium ion battery, a secondary alkaline zinc manganese battery, and the like.
Currently, as the application range of batteries is becoming wider, the capacity demand of batteries is also becoming larger. The capacity of the battery can be enlarged by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series and in parallel, and the safety of the plurality of battery cells in the running process is one of the problems that need to be paid attention to and studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a battery module, a battery and an electricity consumption device, which can limit deformation of a battery monomer and improve safety of the operation process of the battery monomer.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising:
the battery cells are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the battery cells;
a case for accommodating the battery cell;
the two ends of the connecting component extend along the thickness direction of the battery cells respectively, the connecting component is arranged at one end of the plurality of battery cells in the height direction, and the two ends of the connecting component are connected with the shell respectively;
wherein, form the accommodation space that restricts battery monomer deformation between casing and the coupling assembling.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of battery monomers are arranged in the battery module, so that the capacity of the battery module is effectively enlarged, and the application range of the battery module is enlarged. And, through setting up coupling assembling in the casing, restriction battery monomer's deformation promotes the security of battery module operation process.
In some embodiments, the casing includes end plates disposed at two ends of the plurality of battery cells in a thickness direction, and a bottom plate disposed at one end of the battery cells in a height direction, two ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the two end plates, and the connecting member is disposed opposite to the bottom plate. Through setting up end plate, bottom plate and being connected connecting piece and two end plates, form the limit structure that head and tail connected gradually, restrict the deformation of battery monomer thickness direction.
In some embodiments, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the battery pack, the plurality of battery packs are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the battery cells, the battery module further comprises at least one partition plate arranged between two adjacent battery packs, and two ends of the partition plate are respectively connected with the two end plates. In the above technical scheme, set up a plurality of group batteries in every battery module, can set up a plurality of battery monomers along width direction, improve battery module's regularity to set up the baffle between adjacent group battery, can guarantee the orderly arrangement of group battery.
In some embodiments, the housing further comprises side plates disposed at both ends of the width direction of the battery cell, and the side plates are connected end to end in sequence with the end plates. In the technical scheme, the limit of the side plate in the enhanced width direction is set, so that the stability is further improved.
In some embodiments, the number of the partition boards is a plurality, the number of the connecting components is a plurality, and the connecting components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the partition boards. The structure can superimpose the connecting force of the connecting component and the partition plate, improves the stability of connection between the partition plate and the end plate, and limits the deformation of the battery monomers.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the plurality of battery packs is equal. The structure can ensure that the stress on two sides of the partition board is balanced, ensure the structural integrity of the whole shell, and further improve the safety performance of the battery module.
In some embodiments, the number of battery packs is two, and the number of battery cells in the two battery packs is equal. The two battery packs are symmetrically arranged, so that the regularity of the overall structure of the battery module is improved, and the convenience of installation of the connecting assembly is ensured.
In some embodiments, the end plate is provided with a connecting groove, and the end of the separator extends into the connecting groove and is connected with the end plate. Through setting up the spread groove, fix the tip of baffle, simple structure is convenient for install.
In some embodiments, the separator plate is welded to the end plate. Welded connection, joint strength is high, and stability is strong.
In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the connection assembly onto the base plate at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the baffle onto the base plate. Foretell structure, through coupling assembling restriction battery monomer's deformation, guarantee the stability and the intensity of being connected between baffle and the end plate.
In some embodiments, the battery cells are provided with electrode terminals protruding in the height direction thereof, and the connection assembly is disposed between two electrode terminals of two adjacent battery cells, the thickness of the connection assembly being smaller than the protruding dimension of the electrode terminals. In the structure, the connecting assembly is arranged in the gap between the two electrode terminals, so that the space is not additionally occupied, and the volume energy density of the battery cell is ensured.
In some embodiments, the ends of the connection assembly are bent toward the base plate to form a connection portion, which is connected to the end plate. In the structure, the stability of connection between the connecting component and the end plate is enhanced by arranging the connecting part.
In some embodiments, the connection portion is connected to a side of the end plate facing away from the battery cell. The structure improves the connection strength of the connecting assembly and the end plate.
In some embodiments, the connection is connected to the end plate by welding or riveting. Welding or riveting, simple structure, easy to realize.
In some embodiments, the battery module further includes a converging component, the converging component is disposed at one end of the battery unit facing away from the bottom plate in the height direction, the converging component is electrically connected with the plurality of battery units, and the connecting component is disposed at one side of the converging component facing the battery units. Through setting up the part of converging and conducting the electric current of a plurality of battery monomer, locate the coupling assembling between battery monomer and the part of converging, can promote the stability that the part of converging and battery monomer are connected.
In some embodiments, the connection assembly includes a connection bar and an insulating layer disposed around an outer periphery of the connection bar. Through setting up the insulating layer, prevent that the electric current of converging the part from flowing to the end plate through coupling assembling, promoted battery module's security.
In some embodiments, the connecting strip is made of a metallic material. The connecting strip is made of metal materials, so that the strength of connection is ensured.
In some embodiments, the connection assembly extends a range of values of the length in the height direction of the battery cell: 0.5 mm-2 mm, the extension length of coupling assembling in the width direction of battery monomer's value range: 20mm to 40mm. Through setting up reasonable coupling assembling's thickness and width, when guaranteeing joint strength, do not occupy too much space in the shell, guarantee battery module's energy density.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a battery, including the battery module in the foregoing embodiment.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electrical device, including a battery in the foregoing embodiment, where the battery is configured to provide electrical energy.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and in order to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present application will be given.
Drawings
Features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell in a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to other embodiments of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure at an end plate of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a partial sectional structure of a battery module according to other embodiments of the present application.
In the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily to scale.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a vehicle; 2. A battery; 24. a pressure release mechanism; 25. an electrode terminal; 3. a controller;
4. a motor; 5. a case; 51. a first portion; 52. a second portion; 53. an accommodation space;
10. an electrode unit; 11. an electrode assembly; 20. a housing; 21. an opening; 30. an end cap assembly;
40. a battery module; x, thickness direction; y, width direction; z, height direction;
7. a battery cell;
8. a housing; 801. an end plate; 802. a bottom plate; 803. a side plate; 804. a partition plate; 805. a connecting groove;
9. a connection assembly; 901. a connection part; 902. and (5) a rivet.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the figures above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims or in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
The term "and/or" in this application is merely an association relation describing an associated object, and indicates that three relations may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In this application, the character "/" generally indicates that the associated object is an or relationship.
In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and in the interest of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, etc. dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the present application, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, etc. dimensions of the integrated device, are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way.
The term "plurality" as used herein refers to more than two (including two).
In the present application, the battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells, or magnesium ion battery cells, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or otherwise shaped, as well as the embodiments herein are not limited in this regard. The battery cells are generally classified into three types according to the packaging method: the cylindrical battery cell, the square battery cell and the soft pack battery cell are not limited thereto.
Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, or the like. A battery generally includes a housing for enclosing one or more battery cells. The housing can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
The battery cell includes an electrode unit including at least one electrode assembly including a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator, and an electrolyte. The battery cell mainly relies on metal ions to move between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to work. The positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive current collector comprises a positive current collecting part and a positive protruding part protruding out of the positive current collecting part, the positive current collecting part is coated with a positive active material layer, at least part of the positive protruding part is not coated with the positive active material layer, and the positive protruding part is used as a positive lug. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate or the like. The negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative current collector comprises a negative current collecting part and a negative convex part protruding out of the negative current collecting part, wherein the negative current collecting part is coated with a negative active material layer, at least part of the negative convex part is not coated with the negative active material layer, and the negative convex part is used as a negative tab. The material of the anode current collector may be copper, the anode active material layer includes an anode active material, and the anode active material may be carbon or silicon, or the like. In order to ensure that the high current is passed without fusing, the number of positive electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together. The material of the separator may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc. In addition, the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a lamination structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
The technical scheme described in the embodiment of the application is applicable to the battery 2 and the electric device using the battery 2. The electric device may be a vehicle 1, a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, or the like. The vehicle 1 can be a fuel oil vehicle, a fuel gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or a range-extended vehicle and the like; spacecraft including airplanes, rockets, space planes, spacecraft, and the like; the electric toy includes fixed or mobile electric toys, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railroad power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete shakers, and electric planers, among others. The embodiment of the application does not limit the electric device in particular.
For convenience of explanation, the following examples will be described taking an electric device as an example of a vehicle.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 2, and the battery 2 may be provided at the bottom or at the head or at the tail of the vehicle 1. The battery 2 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 2 may serve as an operating power source of the vehicle 1.
The vehicle 1 may further comprise a controller 3 and a motor 4, the controller 3 being arranged to control the battery 2 to power the motor 4, for example for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation and driving of the vehicle 1.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 2 may not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, providing driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas.
Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a battery 2 provided in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the battery 2 includes a case 5 and a battery module 40, and a plurality of battery cells constitute the battery module 40, and the battery module 40 is accommodated in the case 5.
The case 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells, and the case 5 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 5 may include a first portion 51 and a second portion 52, the first portion 51 and the second portion 52 being overlapped with each other, the first portion 51 and the second portion 52 together defining a receiving space 53 for receiving the battery cell. The second portion 52 may be a hollow structure having one end opened, the first portion 51 is a plate-like structure, and the first portion 51 is covered on the opening side of the second portion 52 to form the case 5 having the accommodation space 53; the first portion 51 and the second portion 52 may each be a hollow structure having one side opened, and the opening side of the first portion 51 is engaged with the opening side of the second portion 52 to form the case 5 having the accommodation space 53. Of course, the first portion 51 and the second portion 52 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like.
To improve the tightness of the connection between the first portion 51 and the second portion 52, a sealing element, such as a sealant, a sealing ring, etc., may be disposed between the first portion 51 and the second portion 52.
Assuming that the first portion 51 is covered on top of the second portion 52, the first portion 51 may also be referred to as an upper case cover, and the second portion 52 may also be referred to as a lower case.
In the battery 2, the number of battery cells may be one or more. If the number of the battery cells is multiple, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel connection, and the series-parallel connection means that the multiple battery cells are connected in series or in parallel. The plurality of battery monomers can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery monomers is accommodated in the box body 5; of course, a plurality of battery cells may be connected in series or parallel or in series to form the battery module 40, and then the plurality of battery modules 40 may be connected in series or parallel or in series to form a whole and be accommodated in the case 5.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell in a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the battery cells 7 are plural, and the plural battery cells 7 are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel to form the battery module 40. The plurality of battery modules 40 are then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel to form a unit and are accommodated in a case.
The plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 40 may be electrically connected through a bus member to realize parallel connection, serial connection or series-parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 40.
The battery cell 7 of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode unit 10, a case 20, and an end cap assembly 30. The case 20 has an opening 21, the electrode unit 10 is accommodated in the case 20, and the cap assembly 30 is used to connect the case 20 and cover the opening 21.
The electrode unit 10 includes at least one electrode assembly 11. The electrode unit 10 in fig. 3 includes two electrode assemblies 11, by way of example. The electrode assembly 11 includes a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator. The electrode assembly 11 may be a wound electrode assembly, a laminated electrode assembly, or other forms of electrode assemblies.
In some embodiments, electrode assembly 11 is a rolled electrode assembly. The positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator are all of a strip-shaped structure. The embodiment of the present application may sequentially laminate and wind the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet by two or more turns to form the electrode assembly 11.
In other embodiments, electrode assembly 11 is a laminated electrode assembly. Specifically, the electrode assembly 11 includes a plurality of positive electrode sheets and a plurality of negative electrode sheets, which are alternately laminated in a direction parallel to the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheets and the thickness direction of the negative electrode sheets.
The electrode unit 10 includes at least one electrode assembly 11. That is, in the battery cell 7, the electrode assembly 11 accommodated in the case 20 may be one or a plurality of.
The housing 20 is a hollow structure with one side open. The cap assembly 30 is capped at the opening of the case 20 and forms a sealing connection to form a receiving chamber for receiving the electrode unit 10 and the electrolyte.
The housing 20 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. The shape of the case 20 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode unit 10. For example, if the electrode unit 10 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical housing may be used; if the electrode unit 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped case may be selected. Of course, the end cap assembly 30 may have various structures, such as a plate-like structure or a hollow structure with one end opened. Illustratively, the housing 20 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the end cap assembly 30 has a plate-like structure, and the end cap assembly 30 covers the opening at the top of the housing 20.
The end cap assembly 30 further includes electrode terminals 25. In some embodiments, the electrode terminals 25 are provided in two, and the two electrode terminals 25 are defined as a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal, respectively. The positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode tab portion and the negative electrode tab portion of the electrode assembly 11 to output current generated by the electrode assembly 11.
The end cap assembly 30 further comprises a pressure relief mechanism 24, the pressure relief mechanism 24 being adapted to relieve the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 7 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 7 reaches a predetermined value. Illustratively, the pressure relief mechanism 24 is located between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, and the pressure relief mechanism 24 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof piece, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.
In some embodiments, the housing 20 may also be a hollow structure with two opposite sides open. The cap assembly 30 includes two cap assemblies 30, and the two cap assemblies 30 are respectively covered at two openings of the case 20 and hermetically connected to form a receiving chamber for receiving the electrode unit 10 and the electrolyte. In some examples, the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal may be mounted on the same end cap assembly 30. In other examples, the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are mounted on two end cap assemblies 30, respectively.
In the battery module, a plurality of battery cells are generally stacked one on another in the thickness direction in order to secure structural stability of the battery module as much as possible. During the operation of the battery cell, the electrode tab expands in the thickness direction as the temperature increases. The electrode tabs in the battery cells are also typically stacked in the thickness direction. Therefore, deformation in the thickness direction of the battery cell is maximized. According to experimental detection, the deformation of the battery module in the thickness direction of the battery cell can reach 5 mm-10 mm under the high temperature condition. Of course, some deformation may occur in the width direction of the battery cell, but the deformation amount thereof is smaller than the deformation in the thickness direction of the battery cell. After a plurality of battery monomers set up along the thickness direction, a plurality of battery monomers expand along the thickness direction simultaneously, and its deformation volume stack then can lead to battery module's casing to take place deformation, even rupture. The battery cell loses the binding, thereby causing a safety accident.
In order to prevent the occurrence of the above situation and improve the safety of the operation process of the battery cells, the inventor designs a battery module, wherein the battery module comprises a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly is arranged at one end of the plurality of battery cells in the height direction, and two ends of the connecting assembly are respectively connected with a shell of the battery module; wherein, form the accommodation space that restricts battery monomer deformation between casing and the coupling assembling.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of battery cells are arranged in the battery module, and the battery cells are connected in series or in parallel, so that the capacity of the battery module is effectively increased, and the application range of the battery module is enlarged. And, through setting up coupling assembling in the casing, restriction battery monomer's deformation promotes the security of battery module operation process.
Specific embodiments of the battery module in the present application are described in detail below.
With continued reference to fig. 4 to 7, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 40 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a battery module 40 according to other embodiments of the present application; fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure at an end plate of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application; fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a partial sectional structure of a battery module 40 according to other embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module 40 including: a battery cell 7, a housing 8 and a connection assembly 9. The plurality of battery cells 7 are arranged in sequence in the own thickness direction X. The case 8 is for accommodating the battery cell 7. The two ends of the connecting component 9 extend along the thickness direction X of the battery cells 7 respectively, the connecting component 9 is arranged at one end of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the height direction Z, and the two ends of the connecting component 9 are connected with the shell 8 respectively; wherein, a containing space for limiting the deformation of the battery cell 7 is formed between the shell 8 and the connecting component 9.
Specifically, the thickness direction X of the battery cell 7 is the stacking direction of the electrode tabs in the battery cell 7, and is also the direction in which the deformation amount in the battery cell 7 is the largest. The housing 8 may be formed by enclosing a plurality of side plates 803 and a bottom plate 802, or may be a unitary housing structure having an opening. The connection assembly 9 may be provided on an opening of the housing 8. The housing 8 may be made of a material having a certain strength, such as a metal material or the like. And the inner wall of the housing 8 may be configured to fit the battery cell 7 to form a certain constraint to the battery cell 7.
The connection member 9 is generally a bar-shaped structure, and the connection member 9 itself has a certain tensile strength, resists deformation of the battery cell 7 in the thickness direction X, and forms a certain constraint on the battery cell 7. And, the volume of the connection assembly 9 cannot be excessively large to secure the energy density of the battery module 40.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the battery module 40 is provided with the plurality of battery cells 7, and the battery cells 7 are connected in series or in parallel, so that the capacity of the battery module 40 is effectively enlarged, and the application range of the battery module 40 is enlarged. And, through setting up coupling assembling 9 in casing 8, the deformation of restriction battery monomer 7 promotes the security of battery module 40 operation process.
In some embodiments of the present application, the housing 8 includes end plates 801 disposed at both ends of the thickness direction X of the plurality of battery cells 7, and a bottom plate 802 disposed at one end of the height direction Z of the battery cells 7, both ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the two end plates 801, and the connecting assembly 9 is disposed opposite to the bottom plate 802. Through setting up end plate 801, bottom plate 802 and being connected the connecting piece with two end plates 801, form the limit structure that head and the tail connect gradually, restrict the deformation of battery cell 7 thickness direction X.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the battery module 40 includes a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells 7 sequentially arranged along a thickness direction X thereof, the plurality of battery packs are sequentially arranged along a width direction Y of the battery cells 7, the battery module 40 further includes at least one separator 804 disposed between two adjacent battery packs, and two ends of the separator 804 are respectively connected to two end plates 801.
In the above technical solution, a plurality of battery packs are disposed in each battery module 40, so that a plurality of battery cells 7 can be disposed along the width direction Y, the regularity of the battery modules 40 is improved, and the spacers 804 are disposed between adjacent battery packs, so that the orderly arrangement of the battery packs in the width direction Y can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the case 8 further includes side plates 803 provided at both ends of the width direction Y of the battery cell 7, and the side plates 803 are connected end to end with the end plates 801 in order. In the above technical solution, the side plates 803 are provided to enhance the limit of the width direction Y, so as to further improve the stability.
In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the partition 804 is plural, the number of the connection assemblies 9 is plural, and the connection assemblies 9 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the partition 804. The above structure can overlap the connection between the connection assembly 9 and the separator 804, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the separator 804 and the end plate 801 and limiting the deformation of the battery cell 7.
In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the plurality of battery packs is equal. The number of battery packs may also be set to be plural, for example, 3 or 5 battery packs are arranged in the width direction Y. The structure can ensure that the stress on two sides of the partition 804 is balanced, ensure the structural integrity of the whole shell 8, and further improve the safety performance of the battery module 40.
In some embodiments of the present application, the number of battery packs is two, and the number of battery cells 7 in the two battery packs is equal. The two battery packs are symmetrically arranged, so that the regularity of the overall structure of the battery module 40 is improved, and the convenience of installation of the connecting assembly 9 is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the end plate 801 is provided with a connection groove 805, and the end of the partition 804 extends into the connection groove 805 and is connected to the end plate 801. By arranging the connecting groove 805, the end part of the partition 804 is fixed, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
In some embodiments of the present application, the spacer 804 is welded to the end plate 801. Welded connection, joint strength is high, and stability is strong.
In some embodiments of the present application, the front projection of the connection assembly 9 onto the base plate 802 at least partially coincides with the front projection of the spacer 804 onto the base plate 802. The above structure restricts the deformation of the battery cell 7 by the connection assembly 9, and ensures the stability and strength of the connection between the separator 804 and the end plate 801.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cells 7 are provided with electrode terminals 25 protruding in the height direction Z thereof, and the connection assembly 9 is provided between the two electrode terminals 25 of two adjacent battery cells 7, the thickness of the connection assembly 9 being smaller than the protruding dimension of the electrode terminals 25. In the above-described structure, the connection assembly 9 is disposed in the space between the two electrode terminals 25, without additional space occupation, and the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 7 is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the end of the connection assembly 9 is bent toward the bottom plate 802 to form a connection portion 901, and the connection portion 901 is connected to the end plate 801. In the above-described structure, by providing the connection portion 901, the stability of the connection member 9 and the end plate 801 is enhanced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the connection 901 is connected to the side of the end plate 801 facing away from the battery cell 7. The above structure improves the strength of the connection between the connection member 9 and the end plate 801.
In some embodiments of the present application, the connection 901 is connected to the end plate 801 by welding or riveting. Welding or riveting, simple structure, easy to realize. As shown in fig. 7, the connection portion 901 of the connection assembly 9 is provided with a connection hole, and the end plate 801 is provided with a concave fixing hole. Rivets 902 pass through the connecting holes and extend into the fixing holes to connect the connecting assembly 9 with the end plate 801. The structure mode is stable in connection and high in strength.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery module 40 further includes a converging component (not shown) disposed at an end of the battery cell 7 facing away from the bottom plate 802 in the height direction Z, the converging component is electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells 7, and the connecting assembly 9 is disposed at a side of the converging component facing the battery cells 7. By arranging the confluence part to conduct the currents of the plurality of battery cells 7 and arranging the connecting assembly 9 between the battery cells 7 and the confluence part, the stability of the connection between the confluence part and the battery cells 7 can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the connection assembly 9 includes a connection bar and an insulating layer disposed around the outer circumference of the connection bar. By providing the insulating layer, the current of the current collecting member is prevented from flowing to the end plate 801 through the connection assembly 9, and the safety of the battery module 40 is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the tie bars are made of a metallic material. The connecting strip is made of metal materials, so that the strength of connection is ensured. Illustratively, the steel strip material may be selected from stainless steel, spring steel or 65Mn depending on the strength requirements of the battery module 40 and the environmental conditions.
In some embodiments of the present application, the connection assembly 9 extends in the height direction Z of the battery cell 7 over a range of values of length: 0.5 mm-2 mm, the range of extension length of the connection assembly 9 in the width direction Y of the battery cell 7: 20mm to 40mm. Through setting up reasonable coupling assembling 9 thickness and width, when guaranteeing joint strength, do not occupy too much space in the shell 20, guarantee battery module 40's energy density.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, in one embodiment provided in the present application, the battery module 40 includes a battery cell 7, a housing 8, and a connection assembly 9. The plurality of battery cells 7 are arranged in sequence in the own thickness direction X. The case 8 is for accommodating the battery cell 7. The two ends of the connecting component 9 extend along the thickness direction X of the battery cells 7 respectively, the connecting component 9 is arranged at one end of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the height direction Z, and the two ends of the connecting component 9 are connected with the shell 8 respectively; wherein, a containing space for limiting the deformation of the battery cell 7 is formed between the shell 8 and the connecting component 9. The casing 8 includes end plates 801 provided at both ends of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the thickness direction X, and a bottom plate 802 provided at one end of the battery cells 7 in the height direction Z, both ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the two end plates 801, and the connecting member 9 is disposed opposite to the bottom plate 802. The battery module 40 includes a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells 7 that arrange in proper order along self thickness direction X, and a plurality of battery packs set gradually along the width direction Y of battery cells 7, and battery module 40 still includes at least one baffle 804 of locating between two adjacent battery packs, and the both ends of baffle 804 are connected respectively in two end plates 801. The case 8 further includes side plates 803 provided at both ends of the battery cell 7 in the width direction Y, and the side plates 803 are connected end to end with the end plates 801 in order.
The number of the battery packs is two, and the number of the battery cells 7 in the two battery packs is equal. The end plate 801 is provided with a connecting groove 805, and the end of the diaphragm 804 extends into the connecting groove 805 and is connected to the end plate 801. The diaphragm 804 is welded to the end plate 801. The front projection of the connection assembly 9 onto the base plate 802 at least partially coincides with the front projection of the spacer 804 onto the base plate 802. The battery cells 7 are provided with electrode terminals 25 protruding in the self-height direction Z, the connection assembly 9 is provided between the two electrode terminals 25 of two adjacent battery cells 7, and the thickness of the connection assembly 9 is smaller than the protruding dimension of the electrode terminals 25. The end of the connection unit 9 is bent in the direction of the bottom plate 802 to form a connection portion 901, and the connection portion 901 is connected to the end plate 801. The connection portion 901 is connected to a side of the end plate 801 facing away from the battery cell 7. The connection portion 901 is connected to the end plate 801 by welding or caulking. The battery module 40 further includes a converging component, the converging component is disposed at one end of the battery unit 7 in the height direction Z, which is away from the bottom plate 802, and the converging component is electrically connected with the plurality of battery units 7 respectively, and the connecting component 9 is disposed at one side of the converging component, which faces the battery units 7. The connection assembly 9 includes a connection bar and an insulating layer provided around the outer circumference of the connection bar.
In the above embodiment, the case 8 includes the end plates 801 provided at both ends of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the thickness direction X, and the bottom plate 802 provided at one end of the battery cells 7 in the height direction Z, both ends of the connecting member are connected to the two end plates 801, respectively, and the connecting member 9 is disposed opposite to the bottom plate 802. Through setting up end plate 801, bottom plate 802 and being connected the connecting piece with two end plates 801, form the limit structure that head and the tail connect gradually, restrict the deformation of battery cell 7 thickness direction X.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 2 including the battery module 40 in the above embodiment. The embodiment of the application also provides an electric device, which comprises the battery 2 in the embodiment, and the battery 2 is used for providing electric energy. Because the battery 2 and the power consumption device each include the battery module 40 in the above embodiment, the battery 2 and the power consumption device provided in the embodiments of the present application can achieve the technical effects described above. While the present application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present application, and in particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (18)

1. A battery module, comprising:
the battery cells are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the battery cells;
a case for accommodating the battery cell;
the two ends of the connecting component extend along the thickness direction of the battery cells respectively, the connecting component is arranged at one ends of the plurality of battery cells in the height direction, and the two ends of the connecting component are connected with the shell respectively;
wherein, an accommodating space for limiting the deformation of the battery unit is formed between the shell and the connecting component,
the battery module comprises a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells which are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the battery pack, the plurality of battery packs are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the battery cells, the battery module also comprises at least one baffle plate arranged between two adjacent battery packs, the shell comprises end plates arranged at two ends of the thickness direction of the battery cells, two ends of the baffle plate are respectively connected with the two end plates,
the number of the partition boards is multiple, the number of the connecting components is multiple, and the connecting components are in one-to-one correspondence with the partition boards.
2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the case includes a bottom plate provided at one end of the battery cell in a height direction, both ends of the connection assembly are respectively connected to the two end plates, and the connection assembly is disposed opposite to the bottom plate.
3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the case further includes side plates provided at both ends of the battery cell in the width direction, the side plates being connected end to end with the end plates in sequence.
4. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of a plurality of the battery packs is equal.
5. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the number of the battery packs is two, and the number of the battery cells in two of the battery packs is equal.
6. The battery module according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the end plate is provided with a connection groove, and the end portion of the separator extends into the connection groove and is connected with the end plate.
7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein the separator is welded to the end plate.
8. The battery module of claim 6, wherein an orthographic projection of the connection assembly on the base plate at least partially coincides with an orthographic projection of the separator on the base plate.
9. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the battery cells are provided with electrode terminals protruding in the height direction thereof, the connection assembly is provided between two electrode terminals of two adjacent battery cells, and the thickness of the connection assembly is smaller than the protruding dimension of the electrode terminals.
10. The battery module according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein an end portion of the connection assembly is bent toward the bottom plate to form a connection portion, and the connection portion is connected with the end plate.
11. The battery module of claim 10, wherein the connection portion is connected to a side of the end plate facing away from the battery cell.
12. The battery module according to claim 10, wherein the connection part is connected to the end plate by welding or riveting.
13. The battery module according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a confluence member provided at one end of the battery cells facing away from the bottom plate in a height direction thereof, the confluence member being electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells, respectively, the connection assembly being provided at one side of the confluence member facing the battery cells.
14. The battery module of claim 13, wherein the connection assembly comprises a connection bar and an insulating layer disposed around an outer circumference of the connection bar.
15. The battery module of claim 14, wherein the connecting bar is made of a metal material.
16. The battery module according to claim 13, wherein the connection assembly has a range of values of the extension length in the height direction of the battery cell: 0.5 mm-2 mm, the extension length of coupling assembling in the width direction of battery monomer's value scope: 20mm to 40mm.
17. A battery comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.
18. An electrical device comprising a battery as claimed in claim 17, said battery being adapted to provide electrical energy.
CN202211050914.XA 2022-08-30 2022-08-30 Battery module, battery and power consumption device Active CN115172979B (en)

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