CN115172812A - Hydrogen water separation method and hydrogen water separation device of proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen water separation method and hydrogen water separation device of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115172812A CN115172812A CN202210960636.5A CN202210960636A CN115172812A CN 115172812 A CN115172812 A CN 115172812A CN 202210960636 A CN202210960636 A CN 202210960636A CN 115172812 A CN115172812 A CN 115172812A
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 325
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 325
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen water separation method and a hydrogen water separation device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen water separation method of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises the following steps: inputting gas into a first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure from a gas inlet to perform hydrogen-water separation; monitoring a first hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time; controlling the adjusting assembly according to the first hydrogen humidity value to enable the first exhaust port to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump, or conveying the gas to a secondary hydrogen water separation structure to perform hydrogen water separation; monitoring a second hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time; and controlling the second exhaust port to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump according to the second hydrogen humidity value, or controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port to enter the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure from the gas inlet. The method has the advantages that the hydrogen humidity value can be set according to the real-time power adaptability adjustment of the engine, the separation effect of separating water in the gas is improved, the steps are simple, the phenomenon of stack flooding caused by excessive water in the gas is avoided, and the use cost of the fuel cell is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen water separation method and a hydrogen water separation device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
As a clean energy technology, a hydrogen fuel cell has become an important part of a sustainable energy system pursued by human beings, and in the design and development process of the hydrogen fuel cell, hydrothermal management is an important content, since water is generated by a stack reaction, if the water content in the stack is too much, flooding is caused, and the performance of a proton exchange membrane is affected, so that the water content in a hydrogen loop discharged from the stack is properly reduced, and the normal operation of the stack is ensured.
At present, the hydrogen water separation device who adopts among the prior art is mostly divided into one-level hydrogen water separation structure, and the hydrogen water separation method among the prior art is mostly also only directed at one-level hydrogen water separation structure, separates hydrogen water through modes such as the pressure of control hydrogen water and temperature, and is relatively poor to hydrogen water separation's separation effect, and the separation precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen water separation method and a hydrogen water separation device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which aim to solve the problems that the hydrogen water separation method in the prior art has poor separation effect on hydrogen water separation and low separation precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
proton exchange membrane fuel cell's hydrogen water separation method, hydrogen water separation device include one-level hydrogen water separation structure and with the second hydrogen water separation structure of one-level hydrogen water separation structure intercommunication, one-level hydrogen water separation structure is equipped with air inlet and first gas vent, second hydrogen water separation structure is equipped with the second gas vent, first gas vent is used for discharging the gas that one-level hydrogen water separation structure separates, the second gas vent is used for discharging the gas that second hydrogen water separation structure separates, the first gas vent is equipped with first humidity transducer, the second gas vent is equipped with second humidity transducer, one-level hydrogen water separation structure still is equipped with adjusting part, and the hydrogen supply system includes the hydrogen circulating pump, adjusting part can adjust the first gas vent with the hydrogen circulating pump intercommunication also can adjust the air inlet with the second gas vent intercommunication, proton exchange membrane fuel cell's hydrogen water separation method includes:
inputting gas generated by the chemical reaction into the primary hydrogen-water separation structure through the gas inlet, and performing hydrogen-water separation on the gas through the primary hydrogen-water separation structure;
monitoring a first hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the first humidity sensor;
controlling the adjusting assembly according to the first hydrogen humidity value, so that the first exhaust port is communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump, or conveying gas to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure, and performing hydrogen water separation on the gas through the secondary hydrogen water separation structure;
monitoring a second hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the second humidity sensor;
and controlling the second exhaust port to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump according to the second hydrogen humidity value, or controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port to enter the primary hydrogen water separation structure through the gas inlet.
Preferably, the specific steps of controlling the adjusting assembly according to the first hydrogen humidity value, so that the first exhaust port is communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump, or delivering gas to the hydrogen-secondary water separation structure, and performing hydrogen-water separation on the gas by the hydrogen-secondary water separation structure, include:
judging whether the first hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value or not;
if the first hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value, communicating the first exhaust port with the hydrogen circulating pump;
if first hydrogen humidity value is greater than set for the hydrogen humidity value, then carry hydrogen to second grade hydrogen water separation structure, through second grade hydrogen water separation structure carries out hydrogen water separation to gas.
Preferably, the specific steps of controlling the second exhaust port to communicate with the hydrogen circulation pump or controlling the gas discharged from the second exhaust port to be newly introduced into the primary hydrogen-water separation structure through the gas inlet according to the second hydrogen humidity value include:
judging whether the second hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value;
if the second hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value, communicating the second exhaust port with the hydrogen circulating pump;
and if the second hydrogen humidity value is larger than the set hydrogen humidity value, controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port to enter the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure from the gas inlet.
Preferably, the hydrogen water separation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell further includes:
if first humidity transducer is invalid, then control adjusting part will be gaseous carry to second grade hydrogen water separation structure to through second grade hydrogen water separation structure carries out hydrogen water separation to gas.
Preferably, the hydrogen water separation method for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell further comprises:
monitoring the total time for gas to enter the hydrogen-water separation device from the gas inlet;
judging whether the total duration is greater than or equal to a set duration or not;
and if the total duration is greater than or equal to the set duration, controlling the second exhaust port to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump.
Hydrogen-water separation device for implementing the hydrogen-water separation method of foretell proton exchange membrane fuel cell, its characterized in that, one-level hydrogen-water separation structure includes first casing, first casing is equipped with the air inlet first exhaust port, be used for the intercommunication first exhaust port with the intercommunication mouth of second grade hydrogen-water separation structure to and first exhaust port, adjusting part includes electric putter, and connect in the shrouding of electric putter's output, electric putter can promote the shrouding slides and has first operating position and second operating position, works as the shrouding is located during first operating position, the shrouding disconnection first exhaust port with the intercommunication mouth, and will first exhaust port is opened, works as the shrouding is located during the second operating position, the shrouding seals first exhaust port, and will the air inlet with the intercommunication mouth intercommunication.
Preferably, the shrouding includes first shrouding and with the second shrouding that first shrouding is connected, first shrouding sliding connection in first casing and with electric putter's output is connected, and can break first exhaust port with the intercommunication mouth, the second shrouding can seal or open first exhaust port.
Preferably, one-level hydrogen water separation structure is still including being curved drainage plate, the drainage plate set up in first casing just is located in the first casing, the drainage plate with the air inlet interval sets up.
Preferably, the second grade hydrogen water separation structure include the second casing and set up in spiral plate in the second casing, the second casing is equipped with second gas vent and second outlet, the second casing with the spiral plate forms buffering air flue, the both ends of buffering air flue respectively with the intercommunication mouth with the second gas vent intercommunication, the spiral plate still is equipped with the through-hole, the second outlet is located under the through-hole.
Preferably, the hydrogen water separator still includes two three-way valves, the input port of two three-way valves with the second gas vent intercommunication, the first delivery outlet of two three-way valves with the hydrogen circulating pump intercommunication, the second delivery outlet of two three-way valves with the air inlet intercommunication.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention aims to provide a hydrogen water separation method and a hydrogen water separation device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, when hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell are subjected to chemical reaction under the action of a catalyst, gas generated by the reaction is input into a primary hydrogen water separation structure from an air inlet of the primary hydrogen water separation structure, the primary hydrogen water separation structure separates water in the generated gas, the humidity of the separated gas is detected to be a first hydrogen humidity value through a first humidity sensor, the humidity of the gas is judged according to the detected first hydrogen humidity value, if the humidity of the gas separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure meets a requirement, a first exhaust port is communicated with a hydrogen circulating pump, the separated gas is input into a galvanic pile of the fuel cell again through the circulating pump for recycling, and if the humidity of the gas does not meet the requirement, the hydrogen is conveyed to a secondary hydrogen water separation structure, then hydrogen is separated by a secondary hydrogen water separation structure, the humidity of the separated gas is detected to be a second hydrogen gas humidity value by a second humidity sensor, the humidity of the gas is judged according to the detected second hydrogen gas humidity value, if the humidity of the gas separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure meets the requirement, a second exhaust port is communicated with a hydrogen circulating pump, the separated gas is input into an electric pile of the fuel cell again by the circulating pump for recycling, if the humidity of the gas separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure does not meet the requirement, the hydrogen discharged by the second exhaust port is controlled to enter the primary hydrogen water separation structure again from an air inlet, the moisture in the gas is separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure repeatedly, or the moisture in the gas is separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure and the secondary hydrogen water separation structure repeatedly, and delivering the gas into a galvanic pile of the fuel cell through a hydrogen circulating pump until the humidity of the gas meets the requirement. The method has the advantages that the hydrogen humidity value can be set according to the adjustment of the real-time power adaptability of the engine, the separation effect of the water in the separated gas is effectively improved, the accuracy of the separated water is improved, the steps are simple, the phenomenon that the water of the electric pile is flooded due to excessive water in the gas is avoided, and the use cost of the fuel cell is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a hydrogen-water separation device according to a first angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen-water separation device according to a second angle, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-water separation device and a hydrogen supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a hydrogen-water separation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a galvanic pile; 200. a hydrogen gas cylinder; 300. a pressure reducing valve; 400. a pressure regulating valve; 500. a check valve;
1. a primary hydrogen water separation structure; 11. an adjustment assembly; 111. an electric push rod; 112. closing the plate; 1121. a first seal plate; 1122. a second seal plate; 113. a ball bearing; 12. a first housing; 121. an air inlet; 122. a first exhaust port; 123. a communication port; 124. a first drain port; 125. a guide surface; 13. a drainage plate;
2. a secondary hydrogen water separation structure; 21. a second housing; 211. a second exhaust port; 212. a second water discharge port; 22. a spiral plate; 221. a through hole;
3. a two-position three-way valve;
4. a hydrogen circulation pump;
5. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The invention provides a hydrogen water separation device, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the hydrogen water separation device comprises a primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 and a secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 communicated with the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1, the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 is provided with an air inlet 121 and a first air outlet 122, the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 is provided with a second air outlet 211, the first air outlet 122 is used for discharging the gas separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1, the second air outlet 211 is used for discharging the gas separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2, the first air outlet 122 is provided with a first humidity sensor, the second air outlet 211 is provided with a second humidity sensor, the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 is further provided with an adjusting component 11, the hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen circulating pump 4, the adjusting component 11 can adjust the communication between the first air outlet 122 and the hydrogen circulating pump 4, and can also adjust the communication between the air inlet 121 and the second air outlet 211.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, after hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell chemically react under the action of a catalyst, gas generated by the reaction is input into a primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 from an air inlet 121 of the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1, the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 separates water in the generated gas, and detects the humidity of the separated gas as a first hydrogen humidity value by a first humidity sensor, judges the humidity of the gas according to the detected first hydrogen humidity value, if the humidity of the gas separated by the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 meets a requirement, a first exhaust port 122 is communicated with a hydrogen circulation pump 4, the separated gas is input into a stack 100 of the fuel cell again by the hydrogen circulation pump 4 for recycling, if the humidity of the gas does not meet the requirement, the gas is delivered into a secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2, the gas is separated by the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2, and the humidity of the separated gas is detected as a second hydrogen humidity value by a second humidity sensor, judges the humidity of the gas according to the detected second hydrogen humidity value, if the humidity of the gas separated by the secondary hydrogen separation structure 2 reaches the hydrogen separation structure 2, the hydrogen-water separation structure 1 and the hydrogen-water separation structure 1, the hydrogen-gas is input into the hydrogen-water separation structure, the hydrogen-gas recirculation structure 211, the hydrogen-water separation structure 1, the hydrogen-gas is controlled by the hydrogen-gas recirculation pump 4, the hydrogen-gas recirculation structure 211, the hydrogen-gas separation structure 211, until the humidity of the gas meets the requirement, the gas is delivered into the fuel cell stack 100 through the hydrogen circulating pump 4. The first hydrogen humidity value meeting the requirement means that the first hydrogen humidity value is smaller than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value, and the second hydrogen humidity value meeting the requirement means that the second hydrogen humidity value is smaller than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value. The set hydrogen humidity value is an empirical value obtained by a large number of experiments at the early stage, and different engine power ranges correspond to different set hydrogen humidity values. Therefore, the hydrogen humidity value can be set according to the adjustment of the real-time power adaptability of the engine, the separation effect of the water in the separated gas is effectively improved, the accuracy of the separated water is improved, the steps are simple, the phenomenon that the stack 100 is flooded due to excessive water in the gas is avoided, and the use cost of the fuel cell is reduced. Specifically, the gas generated by the reaction includes water vapor and hydrogen gas.
With the closure plate 112 of figures 1 and 2 in the first operative position.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 includes a first housing 12, the first housing 12 is provided with an air inlet 121, a first air outlet 122, a communication port 123 for communicating the first air outlet 122 with the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2, and a first water outlet 124, the adjusting assembly 11 includes an electric push rod 111, and a sealing plate 112 connected to an output end of the electric push rod 111, the electric push rod 111 can push the sealing plate 112 to slide to have a first working position and a second working position, when the sealing plate 112 is located at the first working position, the sealing plate 112 disconnects the first air outlet 122 and the communication port 123 and opens the first air outlet 122, and when the sealing plate 112 is located at the second working position, the sealing plate 112 closes the first air outlet 122 and communicates the air inlet 121 and the communication port 123. Specifically, when the first hydrogen humidity value detected by the first humidity sensor is less than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value, the electric push rod 111 pushes the sealing plate 112 to move to the first working position, so that the sealing plate 112 disconnects the first exhaust port 122 and the communication port 123, and opens the first exhaust port 122, and the separated gas is re-delivered from the first exhaust port 122 to the stack 100 of the fuel cell via the hydrogen circulation pump 4; when the first hydrogen humidity value detected by the first humidity sensor is greater than the set hydrogen humidity value, the electric push rod 111 pushes the closing plate 112 to move to the second working position, so that the closing plate 112 closes the first exhaust port 122 and communicates the air inlet 121 with the communication port 123, it can be understood that the gas separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 enters the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, and then the gas is separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2; the first water discharge port 124 is used for discharging the water separated by the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sealing plate 112 includes a first sealing plate 1121 and a second sealing plate 1122 connected to the first sealing plate 1121, the first sealing plate 1121 is slidably connected to the first housing 12 and connected to the output end of the electric push rod 111, the first exhaust port 122 and the communication port 123 can be disconnected, and the second sealing plate 1122 can close or open the first exhaust port 122. Specifically, when the electric push rod 111 pushes the first sealing plate 1121 to slide and move to the first working position, the first sealing plate 1121 disconnects the first exhaust port 122 and the communication port 123, the second sealing plate 1122 opens the first exhaust port 122, and the separated gas is re-delivered from the first exhaust port 122 to the stack 100 of the fuel cell via the hydrogen circulation pump 4; when the electric push rod 111 pushes the first sealing plate 1121 to slide and move to the second working position, the second sealing plate 1122 seals the first exhaust port 122, at this time, the air inlet 121 and the communication port 123 are communicated, the gas which enters the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 and completes separation enters the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, and then the gas is separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first sealing plate 1121 and the second sealing plate 1122 are vertically arranged, and the ball 113 is disposed at the connection position of the first sealing plate 1121 and the first housing 12. When the electric push rod 111 pushes the first sealing plate 1121 to move, the balls 113 roll synchronously to increase the sliding performance of the first sealing plate 1121.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the one-stage hydrogen-water separation structure 1 further includes an arc-shaped drainage plate 13, the drainage plate 13 is disposed in the first housing 12 and located in the first housing 12, and the drainage plate 13 and the air inlet 121 are disposed at an interval. It can be understood that the gas input from the gas inlet 121 can be sprayed to the flow guide plate 13, and a part of moisture in the gas can be separated during the collision between the gas and the flow guide plate 13, so that the moisture in the gas can be separated.
Specifically, the number of the flow guide plates 13 is plural, and the plurality of flow guide plates 13 are arranged at intervals. So set up, can improve the effect of the moisture in the first order hydrogen water separation structure 1 separation gas. In the present embodiment, it is exemplified that one flow guide plate 13 is provided, wherein, in the height direction of the first casing 12, the upper end of the flow guide plate 13 is flush with the upper end of the air inlet 121, and the lower end of the flow guide plate 13 is lower than the lower end of the air inlet 121. Here, the ab direction in fig. 1 and 2 is the height direction of the first housing 12.
Further specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first drain port 124 is located at the bottom of the first casing 12 in the height direction of the first casing 12. It will be appreciated that moisture can flow down the flow directing plate 13 under the influence of gravity and ultimately into the first drain opening 124.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first casing 12 is further provided with a guide surface 125, the guide surface 125 is located at the lower end of the flow guide plate 13 in the height direction of the first casing 12, and the guide surface 125 can guide the moisture flowing down from the flow guide plate 13 to the first drainage port 124. With this arrangement, the moisture separated by the drainage plate 13 can more smoothly flow into the first drainage port 124. Further specifically, the first drain port 124 communicates with the outside through a hose. Thereby achieving the discharge of the separated moisture.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2 includes a second housing 21 and a spiral plate 22 disposed in the second housing 21, the second housing 21 is provided with a second air outlet 211 and a second water outlet 212, the second housing 21 and the spiral plate 22 form a buffer air passage, two ends of the buffer air passage are respectively communicated with the communication port 123 and the second air outlet 211, the spiral plate 22 is further provided with a through hole 221, and the second water outlet 212 is located right below the through hole 221. Specifically, when the gas enters the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, the gas enters the gas passage, and it is understood that the gas passage formed by the second casing 21 and the spiral plate 22 is in a spiral shape, the gas enters the gas passage and collides with the spiral plate 22 and the second casing 21, so that the moisture in the gas is attached to the spiral plate 22 and the second casing 21, wherein the spiral plate 22 is provided with a through hole 221, and the second water outlet 212 is located below the through hole 221, so that the moisture attached to the spiral plate 22 flows into the second water outlet 212 through the through hole 221 after accumulating a certain amount, and the moisture attached to the inner wall of the second casing 21 also flows into the second water outlet 212 through the inner wall of the second casing 21, so as to discharge the moisture separated by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 out of the second casing 21; wherein, spiral plate 22 is the heliciform and also can cushion the circulation velocity of the gaseous of getting into second grade hydrogen water separation structure 2 for the separation effect to the moisture in the gas is better. Specifically, the second drain port 212 communicates with the outside through a hose.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the center axis of the second exhaust port 211 coincides with the center axis of the spiral plate 22.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1-3, the hydrogen-water separation device further includes two three-way valves 3, the input port of the two three-way valves 3 is communicated with the second exhaust port 211, the first output port of the two three-way valves 3 is communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump 4, and the second output port of the two three-way valves 3 is communicated with the air inlet 121. Specifically, when the second hydrogen humidity value detected by the second gas outlet 211 is less than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value, the input port of the two-position three-way valve 3 communicates with the first output port to communicate the second gas outlet 211 with the hydrogen circulation pump 4, so that the gas discharged from the second gas outlet 211 is newly input into the stack 100 of the fuel cell; when the second hydrogen humidity value that second gas vent 211 detected is greater than the settlement hydrogen humidity value, the input port and the second delivery outlet of two-bit three-way valve 3 communicate to communicate second gas vent 211 and air inlet 121, make by the second gas vent 211 exhaust weight input again to one-level hydrogen water separation structure 1 in, in order to carry out hydrogen water separation to the gas once more.
Specifically, an input port of the two-position three-way valve 3 is communicated with the second exhaust port 211 through a rubber pipe, and a first output port of the two-position three-way valve 3 is communicated with an input port of the hydrogen circulating pump 4 through a rubber pipe; and a second output port of the two-position three-way valve 3 is communicated with the air inlet 121 through a rubber pipe.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1-3, the hydrogen-water separation device further comprises a controller 5, and the controller 5 is electrically connected with the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, the hydrogen circulating pump 4, the electric push rod 111 and the two-position three-way valve 3. The first humidity sensor can transmit the detected first hydrogen humidity value to the controller 5 in the form of an electric signal, and the controller 5 can control the electric push rod 111 to drive the closing plate 112 to move according to the obtained electric signal; the second humidity sensor can transmit the detected second hydrogen humidity value to the controller 5 in the form of an electric signal, and the controller 5 can control the electric push rod 111 to drive the sealing plate 112 to move according to the obtained electric signal; the controller 5 can also control the input port of the two-position three-way valve 3 to communicate with one of the first output port and the second output port, and the controller 5 can also control the hydrogen circulation pump 4 to deliver the gas discharged from the first gas discharge port 122 and the second gas discharge port 211 into the stack 100 of the fuel cell.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen cylinder 200, a pressure reducing valve 300, a pressure regulating valve 400 and a check valve 500, wherein hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 200 sequentially passes through the pressure reducing valve 300, the pressure regulating valve 400 and the check valve 500 and is delivered to the fuel cell stack 100, hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell chemically react under the action of a catalyst, and then the reacted gas is separated from hydrogen and is delivered to the fuel cell stack 100 together with hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 200. Specifically, the controller 5 is also electrically connected to each of the pressure reducing valve 300, the pressure regulating valve 400, and the check valve 500, and is capable of controlling the operations of the pressure reducing valve 300, the pressure regulating valve 400, and the check valve 500.
The specific structure of the electric push rod 111 belongs to the prior art, and is not described herein again.
The present invention also provides a hydrogen water separation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is implemented in the above hydrogen water separation apparatus, as shown in fig. 4, and includes:
s100, inputting gas generated by the chemical reaction into the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 through the gas inlet 121, and performing hydrogen water separation on the gas through the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1.
Specifically, hydrogen water separation is performed on the input gas through the flow guide plate 13 disposed in the first housing 12.
S200, monitoring a first hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the first humidity sensor.
S300, controlling the adjusting assembly 11 according to the first hydrogen humidity value, so that the first exhaust port 122 is communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump 4, or conveying the gas to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2, and performing hydrogen water separation on the gas through the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2.
According to first hydrogen humidity value control adjustment assembly 11 for first exhaust port 122 and hydrogen circulating pump 4 intercommunication, or carry gaseous second grade hydrogen water separation structure 2 to carry out hydrogen water separation's concrete step to gas through second grade hydrogen water separation structure 2 includes:
s310, judging whether the first hydrogen humidity value is smaller than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value.
If the first hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value, S320 is performed.
And S320, communicating the first exhaust port 122 with the hydrogen circulating pump 4. Specifically, the electric push rod 111 is controlled to push the first sealing plate 1121 to move to the first operating position, so that the sealing plate 112 disconnects the first exhaust port 122 and the communication port 123, and opens the first exhaust port 122, and the separated hydrogen is re-delivered into the stack 100 of the fuel cell by the hydrogen circulation pump 4.
If the first hydrogen humidity value is greater than the set hydrogen humidity value, S330.
S330, hydrogen is conveyed to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2, and hydrogen water separation is carried out on the gas through the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2. It can be understood that, when the first hydrogen humidity value of the gas separated by the primary hydrogen water separation structure 1 is greater than the set hydrogen humidity value, the humidity of the gas is not satisfactory, the electric push rod 111 pushes the sealing plate 112 to move to the second working position, so that the sealing plate 112 closes the first exhaust port 122, the air inlet 121 and the communication port 123 are communicated, the gas is delivered into the secondary hydrogen water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, and hydrogen water separation is performed on the gas again through the spiral plate 22 and the second shell 21.
S400, monitoring a second hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the second humidity sensor.
S500, controlling the second exhaust port 211 to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump 4 according to the second hydrogen humidity value, or controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port 211 to enter the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure 1 through the gas inlet 121.
Specifically, the specific steps of controlling the second exhaust port 211 to communicate with the hydrogen circulation pump 4 according to the second hydrogen humidity value, or controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port 211 to enter the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure 1 through the gas inlet 121 include:
and S510, judging whether the second hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value.
If the second hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to the predetermined hydrogen humidity value, S520 is performed.
And S520, communicating the second exhaust port 211 with the hydrogen circulating pump 4. Specifically, the electric push rod 111 is controlled to push the first sealing plate 1121 to move to the second working position, so that the sealing plate 112 seals the first exhaust port 122, the air inlet 121 and the communication port 123 are communicated, the gas separated by the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 enters the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, the gas is separated by the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2, and the separated gas is delivered into the electric pile 100 of the fuel cell again through the hydrogen circulating pump 4.
If the second hydrogen humidity value is greater than the set hydrogen humidity value, S530 is performed.
S530, controlling the gas exhausted from the second exhaust port 211 to enter the first-stage hydrogen-water separation structure 1 through the gas inlet 121. It can be understood that the separation of the moisture in the gas by the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 or the separation of the moisture in the gas by the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 and the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2 is repeated until the humidity of the gas meets the requirement, and then the gas is delivered into the stack 100 of the fuel cell by the hydrogen circulation pump 4.
Among them, the set hydrogen humidity value is an empirical value obtained from a large number of experiments in the early stage. Different engine power ranges correspond to different set hydrogen humidity values.
Therefore, the hydrogen humidity value can be set according to the adjustment of the real-time power adaptability of the engine, the separation effect of the water in the separated gas is effectively improved, the accuracy of the separated water is improved, the steps are simple, the phenomenon that the electric pile 100 is flooded due to excessive water in the gas is avoided, and the use cost of the fuel cell is reduced.
Wherein, in order to avoid the situation that the first humidity sensor fails in the hydrogen water separation process, the hydrogen water separation method of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell further comprises the following steps:
if first humidity transducer is invalid, then control adjusting part 11 will gaseous transport to second grade hydrogen water separation structure 2 to carry out hydrogen water separation to gaseous through second grade hydrogen water separation structure 2.
Wherein, the first humidity sensor failure refers to the first humidity sensor being open, etc.
Specifically, if the controller 5 does not receive the electrical signal of the first humidity sensor, when the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 is used to separate the moisture in the gas, the controller 5 controls the electric push rod 111 to push the first sealing plate 1121 to the second working position, so that the sealing plate 112 seals the first exhaust port 122, and communicates the air inlet 121 with the communication port 123, the gas is delivered into the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2 through the communication port 123, and the gas is separated again through the spiral plate 22 and the second housing 21, at this time, if the second hydrogen humidity value of the gas measured by the second humidity sensor is smaller than or equal to the set humidity value, the gas is delivered again into the electric stack 100 of the fuel cell through the hydrogen circulation pump 4, if the second hydrogen humidity value of the gas measured by the second humidity sensor is greater than the set humidity value, the moisture in the gas is separated repeatedly through the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1, or the moisture in the gas is separated through the primary hydrogen-water separation structure 1 and the secondary hydrogen-water separation structure 2, until the humidity of the gas meets the requirement, and the gas is delivered into the electric stack 100 of the fuel cell through the hydrogen circulation pump 4.
So set up, can effectively avoid because first humidity transducer became invalid and causes hydrogen water separator's unable normal hydrogen water separation's phenomenon of carrying out.
Wherein, in order to avoid the situation that the second humidity sensor fails in the hydrogen water separation process, the hydrogen water separation method of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell further comprises the following steps:
the total time period for gas to enter the hydrogen-water separation device through the gas inlet 121 is monitored.
And judging whether the total time length is greater than or equal to the set time length.
And if the total time length is more than or equal to the set time length, controlling the second exhaust port 211 to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump 4.
Wherein the failure of the second humidity sensor means that the second humidity sensor is open or the like.
It is understood that the set time period is a time period sufficient to reduce the humidity in the gas below the set hydrogen humidity value, and if the total time period is greater than or equal to the set time period, which indicates that the humidity of the gas is less than or equal to the set hydrogen humidity value, the second gas outlet 211 is communicated with the hydrogen circulation pump 4 through the two-position three-way valve 3, and the gas is delivered into the stack 100 of the fuel cell through the hydrogen circulation pump 4.
So set up, can effectively avoid because the second humidity transducer inefficacy causes hydrogen water separator can't normally carry out hydrogen water separation's phenomenon.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell's hydrogen water separation method, characterized in that, hydrogen water separation device include one-level hydrogen water separation structure (1) and with second hydrogen water separation structure (2) of one-level hydrogen water separation structure (1) intercommunication, one-level hydrogen water separation structure (1) is equipped with air inlet (121) and first gas vent (122), second hydrogen water separation structure (2) are equipped with second gas vent (211), first gas vent (122) are used for discharging the gas of one-level hydrogen water separation structure (1) separation, second gas vent (211) are used for discharging the gas of second hydrogen water separation structure (2) separation, first gas vent (122) are equipped with first humidity transducer, second gas vent (211) are equipped with second humidity transducer, one-level hydrogen water separation structure (1) still is equipped with adjusting part (11), and the hydrogen supply system includes hydrogen circulating pump (4), adjusting part (11) can adjust first gas vent (122) with hydrogen circulating pump (4) intercommunication, also can adjust hydrogen water air inlet (121) and second gas vent (211) intercommunication, proton exchange membrane fuel cell's separation method includes:
inputting gas generated by chemical reaction into the primary hydrogen-water separation structure (1) through the gas inlet (121), and performing hydrogen-water separation on the gas through the primary hydrogen-water separation structure (1);
monitoring a first hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the first humidity sensor;
controlling the regulating assembly (11) according to the first hydrogen humidity value, so that the first exhaust port (122) is communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump (4), or conveying gas to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2), and performing hydrogen water separation on the gas through the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2);
monitoring a second hydrogen humidity value of the gas in real time according to the second humidity sensor;
controlling the second exhaust port (211) to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump (4) according to the second hydrogen humidity value, or controlling the gas exhausted by the second exhaust port (211) to be newly introduced into the primary hydrogen water separation structure (1) through the gas inlet (121).
2. The hydrogen water separation method for proton exchange membrane fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of controlling the adjustment assembly (11) according to the first hydrogen humidity value so that the first exhaust port (122) is communicated with the hydrogen circulation pump (4) or delivering gas to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2), and performing hydrogen water separation on the gas by the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2) comprise:
judging whether the first hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value or not;
if the first hydrogen humidity value is smaller than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value, communicating the first exhaust port (122) with the hydrogen circulating pump (4);
if first hydrogen humidity value is greater than set for the hydrogen humidity value, then carry hydrogen to second grade hydrogen water separation structure (2), through second grade hydrogen water separation structure (2) carry out hydrogen water separation to gas.
3. The hydrogen water separation method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of controlling the second gas outlet (211) to communicate with the hydrogen circulation pump (4) or controlling the gas discharged from the second gas outlet (211) to enter the primary hydrogen water separation structure (1) through the gas inlet (121) according to the second hydrogen humidity value comprises:
judging whether the second hydrogen humidity value is less than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value;
if the second hydrogen humidity value is smaller than or equal to a set hydrogen humidity value, communicating the second exhaust port (211) with the hydrogen circulating pump (4);
and if the second hydrogen humidity value is larger than the set hydrogen humidity value, controlling the gas exhausted from the second gas exhaust port (211) to enter the primary hydrogen-water separation structure (1) from the gas inlet (121).
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the first humidity sensor fails, controlling the adjusting assembly (11) to convey gas to the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2) and carrying out hydrogen water separation on the gas through the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2).
5. The hydrogen water separation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring the total time period for which gas enters the hydrogen-water separation device from the gas inlet (121);
judging whether the total duration is greater than or equal to a set duration or not;
and if the total duration is greater than or equal to the set duration, controlling the second exhaust port (211) to be communicated with the hydrogen circulating pump (4).
6. Hydrogen water separation device for implementing a hydrogen water separation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the primary hydrogen water separation structure (1) comprises a first housing (12), the first housing (12) being provided with the air inlet (121), the first exhaust port (122), a communication port (123) for communicating the first exhaust port (122) with the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2), and a first exhaust port (124), the adjustment assembly (11) comprising an electric push rod (111), and a closure plate (112) connected to an output end of the electric push rod (111), the electric push rod (111) being capable of pushing the closure plate (112) to slide so as to have a first working position and a second working position, the closure plate (112) disconnecting the first exhaust port (122) from the communication port (123) and opening the first exhaust port (122) when the closure plate (112) is in the first working position, the closure plate (112) closing the first exhaust port (122) and communicating the communication port (121) with the communication port (121) when the closure plate (112) is in the second working position.
7. The hydrogen water separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sealing plate (112) comprises a first sealing plate (1121) and a second sealing plate (1122) connected to the first sealing plate (1121), the first sealing plate (1121) is slidably connected to the first housing (12) and connected to an output end of the electric push rod (111), and the first exhaust port (122) and the communication port (123) can be disconnected, and the second sealing plate (1122) can close or open the first exhaust port (122).
8. The hydrogen water separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the primary hydrogen water separation structure (1) further comprises an arc-shaped flow guide plate (13), the flow guide plate (13) is disposed in the first housing (12) and located in the first housing (12), and the flow guide plate (13) and the air inlet (121) are spaced apart from each other.
9. The hydrogen water separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary hydrogen water separation structure (2) comprises a second housing (21) and a spiral plate (22) disposed inside the second housing (21), the second housing (21) is provided with the second air outlet (211) and a second water outlet (212), the second housing (21) and the spiral plate (22) form a buffer air passage, two ends of the buffer air passage are respectively communicated with the communication port (123) and the second air outlet (211), the spiral plate (22) is further provided with a through hole (221), and the second water outlet (212) is located right below the through hole (221).
10. The hydrogen water separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the hydrogen water separation device further comprises a two-position three-way valve (3), an input port of the two-position three-way valve (3) is communicated with the second gas outlet (211), a first output port of the two-position three-way valve (3) is communicated with the hydrogen circulation pump (4), and a second output port of the two-position three-way valve (3) is communicated with the gas inlet (121).
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| US20030141188A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | Denso Corporation | Moisture sensor and fuel cell system using same |
| CN113793950A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-14 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Hydrophobic hydrogen-water separation structure for fuel cell |
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| US20030141188A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-07-31 | Denso Corporation | Moisture sensor and fuel cell system using same |
| CN113793950A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-14 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Hydrophobic hydrogen-water separation structure for fuel cell |
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