CN1151675A - Plane corrugated vibrating membrane loudspeaker - Google Patents
Plane corrugated vibrating membrane loudspeaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN1151675A CN1151675A CN 95118507 CN95118507A CN1151675A CN 1151675 A CN1151675 A CN 1151675A CN 95118507 CN95118507 CN 95118507 CN 95118507 A CN95118507 A CN 95118507A CN 1151675 A CN1151675 A CN 1151675A
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- diaphragm
- loudspeaker
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- vibration
- voice coil
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A wide-band loudspeaker uses a planar corrugated vibrating membrane driven centrally, which has different attenuations to different frequencies, generating different vibrating qualities and areas and realizing wide-band characteristics. It is substituted for most of existing loudspeakers. Its planar corrugated vibrating membrane structure can also be used in various electroacoustic transducers.
Description
With the continuous application of high technology to household appliances, the performance of the household appliances has been greatly improved. In the electroacoustic field, the continuous popularization of digital technology has led to the continuous decrease of the price of hi-fi sound, and under this background, the performance of the speaker, which is a key part of the electroacoustic field, has fallen far behind the times. The invention is a novel loudspeaker, which aims to break through the tradition from the structure and realize high tone quality with low cost.
The most used of the existing loudspeakers are paper basin type, horn type and ball top type electrodynamic loudspeakers, which have the advantages of large power capacity, reliable performance and the like, so that the loudspeakers are widely used. Other speakers, such as: the electrostatic, iso-dynamic and plasma loudspeakers are designed to be full-band loudspeakers. However, in practice, they have small power capacities and cannot operate in a low-frequency band with large dynamics, and therefore, they are mostly used only as treble. All of these prior art loudspeakers do not avoid crossover operation, even coaxial loudspeakers. The use of frequency dividers can create a number of disadvantages, whether power division or electronic division. First, to operate in crossover, several loudspeakers are used, the sound coming from different points, causing the sensation of sound to split. This drawback is particularly pronounced in home stereo equipment, since in home use the listening distance is short and the distance between the loudspeakers can be heard even if it is short. The stereo sound image is blurred and indefinite, and the problem of professional audio and video is not serious compared with that of a household sound box.
Second, after crossover, the impedance curves of the entire speaker are complex to cross. In the existing sound equipment, the matching problem of the amplifier and the sound box exists, and in fact, the impedance of the sound box is very complex and cannot be adapted to most power amplifiers.
Thirdly, the directivity problem, the existing audio amplifier's directivity is mostly too strong, and the directivity is strong for listening scope diminishes, often has only a point under the domestic environment, can only supply one person to listen. This strongly directed sound is too dry and non-realistic. The directivity of most sound boxes changes along with the fluctuation of frequency, such as the high end of bass, the directivity is enhanced, the low end directivity of treble is weakened, and the high end directivity of treble is enhanced. The Uni-Q speaker of the KEF basically solves the problem, and corrects the directivity of high pitch by using a low-pitch cone, so that sudden change of the directivity is solved.
Fourth, the phase characteristics are poor. A phase difference is created when the transient responses of the tweeters and woofers are not identical in the same enclosure. In addition, the frequency divider causes a phase difference between the bass and bass frequencies at the point of intersection of the frequencies, for example, the phase delay of the phase divider of 12DB/oCt, and it is common practice to connect the tweeters in anti-phase with the woofer so that the phases are identical only in the case of a continuous sine wave, but the music signal is constantly changing so that the 180 ° delay is not equal to the 180 ° phase delay of the existing dichotomous professional audio image, such as horn treble, cone bass, which solves the problem because the length of the horn has a natural delay which, when equal to the delay of the frequency divider, eliminates the phase problem.
The invention aims to realize full-band sound reproduction by using one loudspeaker and one vibration source. In view of the advantages of the dynamic speaker, it is designed as a speaker driven by a voice coil.
The high-frequency performance of the common electrodynamic cone loudspeaker is poor. The reason for limiting the upper limit frequency is mainly that the mass of the vibration system of the loudspeaker is large. The main reason for the unsmooth frequency characteristic is the front cavity effect caused by the insufficient rigidity of the diaphragm. In order to improve the high-frequency performance of the loudspeaker, the prior method is to reduce the weight of the cone and increase the rigidity of the cone, which are contradictory and restricted, so that the high-frequency performance of the prior cone loudspeaker is difficult to improve, and the method for solving the problems of the invention is as follows: 1. the vibration mass of the diaphragm is reduced along with the increase of the frequency, so that the high-frequency upper limit is increased. 2. By adopting a special plane corrugated diaphragm structure (such as a figure), the unevenness of characteristic caused by a front cavity effect is eliminated, and sound waves are quickly attenuated in the diaphragm and cannot reach the edge of the diaphragm and then are reflected back to generate new standing waves.
The invention is an electrodynamic loudspeaker, the voice coil driving part of which is similar to a common electrodynamic loudspeaker, and the difference of which is a diaphragm part. The whole vibration system is a corrugated diaphragm, a voice coil and a dust cover as shown in the figure. When the loudspeaker works, the voice coil firstly generates vibration to drive the diaphragm around the voice coil to vibrate and form a transverse wave in the diaphragm, and the transverse wave is transmitted from the center to the edge along the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm. The transverse wave generated when the vibration frequency of the voice coil is high is quickly attenuated by the corrugated structure of the diaphragm, so that only a small part of the diaphragm connected with the voice coil at the center vibrates, and the mass of the vibrating part is very small, thereby improving the upper limit of the frequency of the loudspeaker. When the vibration frequency of the voice coil is gradually lowered, the attenuation effect of the corrugated diaphragm is gradually weakened, and the mass and the area of the vibration portion are also gradually increased, thereby facilitating the reproduction of low frequencies. The diaphragm structure has different vibration quality and area for different frequency signals, which is equivalent to an infinite frequency divider working, and the frequency divider naturally and smoothly switches when working, unlike other frequency dividers which have a fixed point for carrying out harsh frequency division. That is to say, the linear operating frequency band of the loudspeaker is above the frequency at which the diaphragm vibrates as a whole and below the frequency at which the piston vibrates in the central portion. In fact, the frequency bands are available in a large part of the frequency range above and below the linear section frequency band, and the distortion, bundling and attenuation of the frequency bands cannot change rapidly. The available frequency range for this piece of speaker is much wider than for other dynamic speakers.
The key to the design of this loudspeaker is to enlarge its wire diameter working area, thus extending its frequency range. The key to expanding the linear operating region is that the ratio of the voice coil diameter to the diaphragm diameter is sufficiently small. The smaller the diameter of the voice coil, the higher the frequency of the central part for piston vibration, the smaller the mass of the vibrating part of the central part, the higher the upper limit of high frequency, the larger the diameter of the diaphragm, and the lower the frequency of the whole vibration of the diaphragm. The practical design is to pay attention to the following points:
1. the size of the voice coil is selected, and the diameter of the voice coil is related to the upper limit of high frequency, so that the smaller the voice coil is, the better the voice coil is, but the smaller the magnetic steel part and the hollow part are, the better the voice coil is, the design is not good. Thus, for high pitch and full band speakers, the voice coil diameter should be less than 25 mm. In addition, the voice coil with wider frequency band of the loudspeaker should be designed to be long stroke type, and the diaphragm is the hollow core support of the voice coil in general, so the ratio of the length of the voice coil to the diameter of the voice coil should not exceed 1.5: 1. This is not a limitation when using an additional hollow, but should not exceed 2.5: 1.
2. And selecting the size of the diaphragm. The larger the diameter of the diaphragm, the better the low frequency of the loudspeaker, but for such a loudspeaker, a small diameter diaphragm can also emit low frequencies of 20HZ, so that the diaphragm diameter can be selected to be less than 200 mm. In addition, the diaphragm is generally used as a fixed core of the voice coil, so the ratio of the diameter of the diaphragm to the diameter of the voice coil is 8: 1 to 11: 1, which is the case for full-band sound. For medium or mid bass loudspeakers, a too wide frequency range is not required, and reducing this ratio is advantageous for hollow cores, so ratios below 9: 1 can be chosen. The diameter ratio of the diaphragm to the voice coil can be further increased by additionally increasing the hollow core, but most hollow core mechanisms have sound pollution, so that the additional design of a core fixing mechanism is not required. Another important dimension of the diaphragm is the size and structural shape of the corrugations. The shape of the corrugation can be designed into various forms such as triangle, semi-circle, sine wave and gradual attenuation according to the application, but in consideration of the processing difficulty, the triangle wave is recommended to be used, as shown in the figure. The ratio of the pitch to the amplitude of the corrugations may be chosen to be 2: 1 or 1.5: 1, etc., and a 2: 1 ratio is chosen for the triangular wave which is most easily machined and calculated, where the angle of the triangle is 90 °. The higher the number of turns of the diaphragm ripple, the smoother the high frequency characteristic, but in view of the processing difficulty, the ratio of the ripple pitch to the voice coil diameter should be controlled to be less than 0.7: 1. And selecting materials of the voice coil and the vibrating diaphragm. It is known that the lighter the mass of the diaphragm is, the higher the efficiency of the loudspeaker is, so that the material of the diaphragm should also be selected from materials with low density, such as modified polypropylene, paper, silk, cotton composite materials and the like, and even aluminum and other light metals can be used as the diaphragm with medium and high sound. Almost all diaphragm materials that have been used in the past can be applied to the present loudspeaker. The weight of the voice coil affects medium-high frequency response, so that the voice coil needs to be light and firm, aluminum is a good voice coil base material, and some high molecular polymers are good as base materials for printing the voice coil at present. The dust cover and voice coil can be made integral to reduce the weight of the entire center portion to reduce the amount of adhesive. The whole vibration system is integrated, so that the weight of the central part can be effectively reduced, the reliability of the whole loudspeaker can be improved, and the assembly procedure is simplified. Magnetic circuit part and other parts. The magnetic circuit is designed mainly considering that the diameter of the voice coil is small and the voice coil works in a long stroke state, so that the center of the magnetic circuit is required to be provided with a pressure regulating hole and is required to be designed in a long stroke symmetrical mode. The front of the magnetic circuit should minimize the reflection of sound wave, and may be added with sound absorbing material or designed into a shape with a central protrusion. The bracket should be coupled to the back of the magnet like a magnetic screen speaker so that the entire speaker can be effectively supported.
Compared with other existing loudspeakers, the loudspeaker has the following characteristics:
1. the frequency response range is wide, and the vibration quality of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker can change along with the frequency, so that the frequency response is wider than that of other existing loudspeakers. The planar ripple design allows the speaker to produce no standing waves and therefore a smoother frequency response curve than other prior art speakers.
2. The directional characteristic is excellent. When the loudspeaker works, the central part acts first and then drives the surrounding vibrating diaphragm to vibrate, and a natural delay exists from the center to the periphery, so that the directivity of the loudspeaker is much wider than that of a common loudspeaker. The delay is substantially constant in the linear operating region of the speaker, and the directivity is gradually increased beyond the linear region.
3. The bass effect is good, and the use is convenient. When the loudspeaker is designed into a full-band loudspeaker or a bass loudspeaker, the lower limit of the low frequency of the loudspeaker is generally low due to the high compliance of the diaphragm, and the loudspeaker can generally easily break through the lowest audio frequency of 20 HZ. This is not comparable to other loudspeakers. The loudspeaker has basically no obvious resonance in the whole useful effective period and good impedance characteristic, so that the required volume of the loudspeaker is greatly reduced compared with other loudspeakers to obtain the same bass characteristic, and the loudspeaker with small volume is more flexible and convenient to use.
4. Various distortions are small and transient characteristics are excellent. The loudspeaker diaphragm has strong damping effect, does not generate distortion, and has strong absorption effect on various nonlinear distortions. Compared with other existing loudspeakers, the loudspeaker has small distortion in the whole frequency band. The loudspeaker has only one vibration source, and the vibration quality is variable, so the transient characteristic is better than other existing loudspeakers. The characteristics make the sound very clean, and are very suitable for being used as a monitoring loudspeaker.
5. Easy production and low cost. Most parts of the loudspeaker are common to cone loudspeakers, the production process is similar to that of cone loudspeakers, and expensive materials are not needed, so that the production cost of the loudspeaker is many times lower than that of other loudspeakers with the same performance.
Finally, a complete loudspeaker design is provided, as shown in the figure, the loudspeaker is a 165 mm full-band loudspeaker, the magnetic steel is H76, the inner diameter of the magnetic steel is larger, so that the design of a central part component is facilitated, and a magnetic gap formed by a front clamping plate of the magnet and a magnetic core column is higher than the original plane of the magnetic steel, so that the reflection of sound waves is reduced, an air guide hole is formed in the center of the magnetic core, and the air guide hole is used for adjusting the air pressure in the voice coil, and a circle of sound absorption material is used on the magnetic core column to absorb the reflection of high-pitched sound. The diameter-length ratio of the voice coil is 0.7: 1, the voice coil is made of paper as a framework, and a double-layer coil is wound on the voice coil. The diaphragm is made of cotton cloth soaked in polyester varnish through hot press molding, the ratio of the distance between corrugations to the diameter of the voice coil is 0.35: 1, the ratio of the amplitude to the distance is 1: 2, and the ratio of the diameter of the vibrating part of the diaphragm to the diameter of the voice coil is 9: 1, wherein the ratio of the distance between the corrugations to the diameter of the voice coil is 90 degrees. All parts are joined using a thermosetting adhesive. These ratios are the most easily processable values.
Description of the drawings: the figure is a schematic diagram of a planar corrugated diaphragm loudspeaker. Wherein,
1. is a dust cover
2. Is a corrugated diaphragm
3. Is a voice coil
And the second drawing is a real object schematic drawing. Wherein 1, is a dust cover 2, a plane ripple vibration film 3, a voice coil 4, a front splint 5, a magnetic steel 6, a magnetic core column 7, a bracket 8, a sound absorption material 9 and an air guide hole
Claims (2)
1. The invention relates to a new broadband loudspeaker, which is a main method for expanding an effective frequency band in the existing loudspeaker, wherein the rigidity of a vibrating diaphragm during vibration is improved, and the mass of the vibrating diaphragm during vibration is reduced. The invention realizes broadband characteristics by using a vibrating diaphragm capable of changing the vibrating mass.
The invention is characterized in that: the center part of a plane corrugated vibrating diaphragm driven by a center is used for generating vibration to drive the corrugated vibrating diaphragm to vibrate, and at the moment, the vibration mass and the effective vibration area of the corrugated vibrating diaphragm can be reduced along with the increase of the vibration frequency and increased along with the reduction of the vibration frequency, so that the high frequency and the low frequency can be more effectively replayed. Such center-driven flat-corrugated diaphragm loudspeakers are claimed.
2. Such a center-driven corrugated diaphragm as described in claim 1 has a broadband characteristic, so that it can be applied also to other electroacoustic transducers such as earphones, microphones, and the like. Such a center-driven corrugated diaphragm electroacoustic transducer is now claimed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95118507 CN1151675A (en) | 1995-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Plane corrugated vibrating membrane loudspeaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95118507 CN1151675A (en) | 1995-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Plane corrugated vibrating membrane loudspeaker |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1151675A true CN1151675A (en) | 1997-06-11 |
Family
ID=5081736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95118507 Pending CN1151675A (en) | 1995-10-25 | 1995-10-25 | Plane corrugated vibrating membrane loudspeaker |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1151675A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101616352A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-12-30 | 无锡杰夫电声有限公司 | The thin speaker that has waved vibrating plate |
| CN105959848A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-21 | 杨金粘 | Manufacturing technology of earphone vibrator and manufactured earphone vibrator |
| CN107667539A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-02-06 | B & W集团有限公司 | The diaphragm of loudspeaker |
-
1995
- 1995-10-25 CN CN 95118507 patent/CN1151675A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101616352A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-12-30 | 无锡杰夫电声有限公司 | The thin speaker that has waved vibrating plate |
| CN107667539A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-02-06 | B & W集团有限公司 | The diaphragm of loudspeaker |
| CN105959848A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-21 | 杨金粘 | Manufacturing technology of earphone vibrator and manufactured earphone vibrator |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |