CN115165652A - Testing device for suction force of sludge soil matrix and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Testing device for suction force of sludge soil matrix and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
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Abstract
A testing device for the suction force of a sludge soil matrix and an implementation method thereof are disclosed, wherein air pressure control in a constant temperature environment is adopted to displace pore water in a sample, the volume deformation of the sample is read in an image measurement mode, the water displacement of the sample is recorded through a humidity sensor, a weighing sensor and a balance in a combined mode, the content of organic matters discharged into a pottery clay plate by the sample is determined through high-density conductivity, the evaporation capacity of the substances is weighed through evaporation capacities under different water and organic matter ratios by a compensation balance, and a matrix suction curve is drawn by taking a horizontal axis and a vertical axis according to the control air pressure and the residual water content of the sample. The method realizes the matrix suction test of the silt and dirt soil under the influence of high water content, high organic matter concentration and large deformation under the temperature control condition, overcomes the defects of delayed organic discharge in the sample and the influence of water discharge metering error caused by evaporation and condensation of water in the sample on the matrix suction test result under the temperature control condition, and improves the matrix suction test precision with equivalent matrix suction or without considering the body variation influence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental geotechnics, and particularly relates to a device for testing suction of a sludge soil matrix and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The matrix suction of the soil body is an important parameter for describing the strength formation mechanism of the soil body in the unsaturated process. The substrate suction is generally realized by methods such as indoor shaft translation, a filter paper method, a substrate suction and water content test and the like. The axis translation technology is a testing technology with a large measuring range and high precision, and the conventional axis translation testing technology is to adopt a water-permeable and air-impermeable pottery clay plate and realize the direct test of the substrate suction by recording the relationship between applied air pressure and water displacement. Because the water content of the conventional clay, silt and other samples is small, and the volume variable after water drainage is small, the influence of the sample volume change on the matrix suction test value is usually ignored. However, sludge, mud, is typically a high water, high organic, high concentration, large deformation material, and the shrinkage deformation of the soil before and after the matrix suction test may reach 1/3 or less of the original sample size. Therefore, the matrix suction testing precision of the soil body with large deformation such as sludge soil and the like is directly influenced by the change of the density state of the sample caused by shrinkage. Meanwhile, in the heat drying process of soil such as river and lake bottom mud, municipal sludge and the like, when the shaft translation technology is used for testing, the loss path of water in the soil is divided into two parts of water evaporation and water drainage in the pressure chamber, and the test error is inevitably existed only according to the result determined by the water drainage amount as the soil sample water loss amount.
Therefore, the existing soil matrix suction shaft translation test technology has the following defects: (1) the influence of the shrinkage deformation of the sample on the test result cannot be considered; (2) the water loss of the sample caused by the evaporation of the water in the sample under the action of temperature cannot be measured accurately.
Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art that a technical method capable of overcoming the above-mentioned deficiencies is provided to realize the test of soil matrix suction under the conditions of large deformation and water evaporation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for testing the suction of a sludge soil matrix and an implementation method thereof, which are suitable for testing the suction of the soil matrix under the conditions of high water content, high organic content, high concentration, large deformation and the like, and at least solve the technical problems;
in order to solve the problems, the invention adopts air pressure control in a constant temperature environment to displace pore water in a sample, reads the volume deformation of the sample in an image measurement mode, jointly records the drainage of the sample through a humidity sensor, a weighing sensor and a balance, determines the content of organic matters discharged into a ceramic plate by the sample through high-density conductivity, compensates the evaporation capacity of a weighed substance by the balance through the evaporation capacities under different water and organic matter proportions, and finally draws a matrix suction curve for a horizontal axis and a vertical axis according to the control air pressure and the residual water content of the sample.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a test apparatus for testing suction force of a sludge soil matrix, the test apparatus comprising: the system comprises a pressure chamber module, a volume change metering module, a water discharge metering module and a control acquisition system;
the pressure chamber module is formed by screwing a pressure chamber chassis and a pressure chamber upper cover into a whole through screws, the pressure chamber chassis is in a short barrel shape, a cutting ring sample installation position for placing a saturated sample is carved in the center of the bottom of the pressure chamber chassis, an insulating coating is coated on the outer surface of the cutting ring sample installation position, the inner side of the cutting ring sample installation position is sealed with the side edge of a water-permeable and air-impermeable argil plate through an insulating rubber strip, a plurality of conductive patches are arranged on the periphery of the argil plate, and power lines of the conductive patches are connected with an external high-density conductivity testing system; a drainage channel communicated with the outside is arranged at the lower part of the argil plate, and liquid in the sample passes through the argil plate and then is discharged out of the pressure chamber module through the drainage channel; a circulating copper pipe for controlling the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module is arranged in the side wall of the pressure chamber chassis, and the circulating copper pipe is circulated by adopting an oil bath to control the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module; the side wall of the pressure chamber chassis is also provided with an air pressure hole and a humidity sensor arrangement hole which penetrate through the pressure chamber module, and the air pressure hole is connected with an air pressure control system; the inner wall of the air pressure hole is provided with a permeable and impermeable semipermeable membrane for preventing the water in the sample from refluxing after evaporating; a moisture absorption cotton characterization module used for absorbing moisture in the pressure chamber module is arranged on the periphery of the cutting ring sample installation position; the upper cover of the pressure chamber is made of metal material, and the center of the upper cover is provided with a round glass window;
the volume change metering module comprises a bracket, 2 industrial cameras and a flexible light shield; the bracket is connected with the industrial camera to ensure that the sample in the test process is in a shooting area of the industrial camera; one end of the flexible light shield is connected with a lens of the industrial camera, and the other end of the flexible light shield, which is used for eliminating the influence of external light pollution on the test result of the industrial camera, is connected with the round glass window of the upper cover of the pressure chamber;
the water discharge metering module comprises a water discharge pipeline, a weighing scale and a Bluetooth liquid level metering ruler, one end of the water discharge pipeline is connected with a water discharge channel of the pressure chamber module, and the other end of the water discharge pipeline is connected with the weighing scale fixing frame through a glue dripping pipe joint; the number of the weighing scales is 6, cylindrical water collecting bottles with the same shape and size are placed on weighing trays of the 6 weighing scales, and water, organic matters with water +25% of surface area, organic matters with water +50% of surface area, organic matters with water +75% of surface area, organic matters with water +50% of surface area are respectively contained in the cylindrical water collecting bottles, the 6 weighing scales are respectively numbered as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, wherein a water outlet of a glue dripping pipe joint is dripped into the water collecting bottle numbered as 6, and a Bluetooth liquid level measuring ruler is arranged on the outer layer of the water collecting bottle numbered as 6;
the humidity sensor arrangement hole is provided with a humidity sensor which is connected with the control acquisition system; the oil bath, the industrial camera, the weighing balance, the moisture absorption cotton characterization module and the Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale are respectively connected with the control acquisition system.
In some embodiments, the fixing ring of the circular glass window of the pressure chamber upper cover is embedded with a constantan wire electric heating ring for preventing the inner wall of the pressure chamber upper cover from fogging.
In some embodiments, the inner wall of the fixing ring of the upper cover of the pressure chamber is provided with a athermal light source ring; and the outlet of the athermal light source ring is positioned on the metal material part of the upper cover of the pressure chamber.
In some embodiments, the power lines of the constantan wire electric heating coil and the athermal coil are respectively connected with a DC stabilized power supply.
In some embodiments, 8 conductive patches are uniformly disposed around the clay plate at equal distances.
In one aspect of the invention, an implementation method of a sludge soil matrix suction testing device is provided, and any one of the testing devices is utilized, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of dry Density of rho by Ring cutter d The method comprises the following steps of firstly, placing a cylindrical sample with the height of 20mm and the diameter of 61.8mm on a cutting ring sample mounting position, and uniformly spraying speckles on the surface of the cylindrical sample on the cutting ring sample mounting position;
2) Screwing the pressure chamber chassis and the pressure chamber upper cover into a whole through screws;
3) Setting oil bath circulating temperature T by controlling acquisition system e And applied air pressure Ψ i;
4) The brightness of the athermal light source ring is adjusted by adopting a direct-current stabilized power supply in a matching way, and meanwhile, the aperture and the focal length of the industrial camera are adjusted, so that the image of the sample is clear;
5) Setting acquisition time intervals of an industrial camera, a humidity sensor, a weighing balance and a moisture absorption cotton characterization module by controlling an acquisition system;
6) Recording data V of industrial camera in test process by controlling acquisition system ij Data m of humidity sensor h Data m of 6 weighing scales bi Data m of moisture absorption cotton characterization module f And data h of the Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale i Wherein b =1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
7) Data V recorded by an industrial camera ij Calculating the volume V of the sample at time i i ，V i By passingThe following formula (1) is obtained:
V i ＝V 0 -V j (1)
wherein: v i Volume of sample at time i, cm 3 ；V 0 Is the initial volume of the sample, cm 3 ；V j Is the amount of deformation, cm, of the specimen 3 ；
8) Taking 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 as horizontal axes, respectively corresponding to the readings of the weighing scales with the time numbers of i being 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 as vertical axes, and fitting the functional relationship between the horizontal axes and the vertical axes to obtain the evaporation amount m under the influence of the surrounding environment e As a function of the organic content, m e ＝f(c)；
9) Solving for the volume V of water and contaminants in the effluent by equation (2) wi And V ci The formula (2) is:
in the formula: v wi 、V ci 、V mi Volume of discharged water, pollutants and total discharged substances at time i, cm 3 ；ρ w 、ρ c Density of the effluent water and contaminants, respectively; m is a unit of 6i The reading of the weighing balance with the number of 6 at the moment i, g;
10 V) the volume V of water and contaminants in the discharged substance determined in step 9) wi And V ci By volume V of contaminant in the discharged material ci Dividing the surface area increment by the molecular diameter of the organic matter, wherein the molecular diameter of the organic matter is determined according to the composition of the organic matter; and m determined according to step 8) e = f (c) interpolation, obtaining evaporation amount m of discharge at time i ei ，g；
11 Calculating the water content w of the sample at time i by the formula (3) i The formula (3) is:
wherein: w is a i Water content,%, of the sample at time i; m is 0 Is the initial hydrous mass of the sample, g; m is a unit of s Is the solid matter mass of the sample, g; m is hi A moisture mass increase amount g calculated for data at time i acquired by the humidity sensor; m is a unit of fi The mass increment, g, measured by the moisture absorption cotton characterization module at the moment i; m is 6i The reading of the weighing balance with the number of 6 at the moment i, g; m is a unit of ei Is the evaporation capacity of the effluent at time i, g;
12 Water content w of the sample at time i obtained according to the formula (3) i Calculating the saturation S of the sample at time i by the formula (4) ri Equation (4) is:
wherein: s ri Saturation of the sample at time i,%; d s The particle specific gravity of the sample is obtained through an indoor geotechnical test; rho i Density of the sample at time i, g/cm 3 Where ρ is i ＝(V 0 ·ρ d +m 0 -m hi -m fi -m 6i +m ei )/V i ，V 0 Taking 60cm as the volume of the cylindrical sample 3 ，ρ d Is the dry density, g/cm, of a cylindrical sample 3 ，V i Volume of the sample at time i, cm 3 ；ρ mi Density of the weighing balance discharge, p, numbered 6 at time i mi ＝m 6i /V mi ，g/cm 3 ；
13 Calculating the porosity e of the sample at time i by equation (5) i Equation (5) is:
14 By air pressure psi i as the x-axis, by the void ratio e i Is the y-axis, in saturation S ri Is a z-axis, and the silt is drawnAnd (3) a three-dimensional data curve graph of the suction force of the mud soil matrix.
The device and the implementation method have the beneficial effects that the device for testing the soil matrix suction of the sludge and the sludge can be used for testing the soil matrix suction under the conditions of high water content, high organic content, high concentration, large deformation and the like; the influence of the shrinkage deformation of the sample on the test result can be considered, the influence of the evaporation of water vapor inside and outside the pressure chamber on the test result is overcome, and the problem of delayed organic matter discharge caused by the retardation of the argil plate on pollutants is solved. The promotion of the test function can furthest promote the influence of large deformation, water vapor evaporation and organic matter nonlinear discharge on the test result, and provide technical support for solid waste treatment in environmental geotechnics.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for testing the suction force of a sludge soil matrix according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the evaporation capacity and the organic matter content of a device for testing the suction force of a sludge soil matrix according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a substrate suction curve of a silt and sludge soil substrate suction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a pressure chamber module; 2. a volume change metering module; 3. a displacement metering module; 4. controlling the acquisition system;
11. a pressure chamber chassis; 12. an upper cover of the pressure chamber; 111. a cutting ring sample mounting position; 112. a clay plate;
13. a conductive patch; 113. a spiral drainage channel; 114. a circulating copper pipe; 115. an air pressure hole;
116. a humidity sensor arrangement hole; 117. a semi-permeable membrane; 118. a moisture-absorbing cotton characterization module;
120. a circular glass window; 1201. a stationary ring; 123. a constantan wire electric heating ring;
124. no heat light source ring; 211. a support; 212. an industrial camera; 213. a flexible light shield;
31. a drain line; 32. weighing a balance; 33. a Bluetooth liquid level measuring ruler; 311. a glue dripping pipe joint;
321. a weighing pan; 322. a water collecting bottle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, in the embodiments of the present description, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used in the embodiments of the present specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for testing the suction force of a sludge soil matrix according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a testing apparatus for sludge soil matrix suction and an implementation method thereof, wherein the testing apparatus comprises: the device comprises a pressure chamber module 1, a volume change metering module 2, a water discharge metering module 3 and a control acquisition system 4.
The pressure chamber module 1 is formed by screwing a pressure chamber chassis 11 and a pressure chamber upper cover 12 into a whole through screws, the pressure chamber chassis 11 is in a short barrel shape, a cutting ring sample installation position 111 for placing a saturated sample is carved at the center of the bottom of the pressure chamber chassis 11, and an insulating coating is coated on the outer surface of the cutting ring sample installation position 111. The inner side of the cutting ring sample mounting position 111 is sealed with the side edge of a water-permeable and air-impermeable argil plate 112 through an insulating rubber strip, 8 conductive patches 13 are uniformly arranged around the argil plate 112 at equal intervals, and power lines of the conductive patches 13 are connected with an external high-density conductivity testing system through threading holes in a pressure chamber chassis 11. The lower part of the clay plate 112 is provided with a spiral drainage channel 113 communicated with the outside, so that the liquid in the sample passes through the clay plate 112 and then is discharged out of the pressure chamber module 1 through the spiral drainage channel 113. A circulation copper pipe 114 for controlling the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module 1 is provided in the side wall of the pressure chamber chassis 11, and the circulation copper pipe 114 is circulated by an oil bath to control the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module 1. The side wall of the pressure chamber chassis 11 is also provided with an air pressure hole 115 and a humidity sensor arrangement hole 116 which penetrate through the pressure chamber module 1, the air pressure hole 115 is connected with an air pressure control system, and the inner wall of the air pressure hole 115 is provided with a permeable and watertight semi-permeable membrane 117 for preventing the water in the sample from flowing back after evaporating. And a moisture absorption cotton characterization module 118 for absorbing moisture in the pressure chamber module is arranged at the periphery of the cutting ring-like mounting position 111. The pressure chamber upper cover 12 is made of a metal material, and a circular glass window 120 is provided at the center thereof. The constantan wire electric heating ring 123 is embedded in the fixing ring 1201 of the round glass window 120 of the pressure chamber upper cover 12 to prevent the inner wall of the pressure chamber upper cover 12 from fogging. The inner wall of the fixing ring 1201 of the pressure chamber upper cover 12 is provided with a athermal light source ring 124, and an outlet of the athermal light source ring 124 is positioned on the metal material part of the pressure chamber upper cover 12.
The volume change metering module 2 comprises a bracket 211, 2 industrial cameras 212 and a flexible light shield 213; the bracket 211 is connected with the industrial camera 212 to ensure that the sample in the test process is in the shooting area of the industrial camera 212; one end of the flexible light shield 213 is connected to the lens of the industrial camera 212, and the other end of the flexible light shield 213 is connected to the circular glass window 120 of the pressure chamber cover 12, so as to eliminate the influence of external light pollution on the test result of the industrial camera 212.
The water discharge metering module 3 comprises a water discharge pipeline 31, a weighing balance 32 and a Bluetooth liquid level measuring ruler 33. One end of the drainage pipeline 31 is connected with the spiral drainage channel 113 of the pressure chamber module 1, and the other end of the drainage pipeline 31 is connected with the fixing frame of the weighing balance 32 through a glue dripping pipe joint 311. The number of the weighing scales 32 is 6, and cylindrical water collecting bottles 322 with the same shape and size are placed on a weighing plate 321 of the 6 weighing scales 32 and are respectively filled with water, organic matters with water plus 25% of surface area, organic matters with water plus 50% of surface area, organic matters with water plus 75% of surface area, organic matters and organic matters with water plus 50% of surface area. The 6 weighing scales 32 are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively, wherein the water outlet of the glue dripping pipe joint 311 drips into the water collecting bottle 322 of the weighing scale 32 numbered 6, and the Bluetooth liquid level measuring ruler 33 is arranged on the outer layer of the water collecting bottle 322 of the weighing scale 32 numbered 6.
The humidity sensor arrangement hole 116 is provided with a humidity sensor which is connected with the control acquisition system 4; the oil bath, the industrial camera 212, the weighing balance 32, the hygroscopic cotton characterization module 118 and the Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale 33 are respectively connected with the control acquisition system 4.
When in use, the saturated sample is placed in the cutting ring sample mounting position 111 of the pressure chamber module 1, and the pressure chamber upper cover 12 and the pressure chamber module 1 are screwed into a whole. The variable body metering module 2 is connected to the pressure chamber upper cover 12. A spiral drainage passage 113 connecting the drainage amount measuring module 3 and the pressure chamber module 1; connecting the air pressure hole 115 of the pressure chamber module 1 with an air pressure control system; the circulating copper pipe 114 of the pressure chamber module 1 is connected to an oil bath. The humidity sensor is disposed on the humidity sensor disposition hole 116, and a data line of the humidity sensor is connected to the control acquisition system 4. The power lines of the constantan wire electric heating ring 123 and the non-heat light source ring 124 are respectively connected with a direct current stabilized power supply, and the industrial camera 212, the weighing balance 32 and the hygroscopic cotton characterization module 118 are connected with the control acquisition system 4. The formed testing device for the suction force of the sludge soil matrix can be normally used.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also provides an implementation method of the suction testing device for the sludge soil matrix, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of dry Density of rho by Ring cutter d A cylindrical sample with the height of 20mm and the diameter of 61.8mm is placed on the cutting ring sample mounting position 111, and speckles are uniformly sprayed on the surface of the cylindrical sample on the cutting ring sample mounting position 111;
2) The pressure chamber chassis 11 and the pressure chamber upper cover 12 are screwed into a whole through screws;
3) The oil bath circulating temperature T is set by controlling the acquisition system 4 e And applied air pressure Ψ i;
4) The brightness of the athermal light source ring 124 is adjusted by adopting a direct current stabilized power supply in a matching way, and the aperture and the focal length of the industrial camera are adjusted at the same time, so that the image of the sample is clear;
5) Setting the acquisition time intervals of the industrial camera 212, the humidity sensor, the weighing scale 32 and the hygroscopic cotton characterization module 118 by controlling the acquisition system 4;
6) Recording data V of industrial camera 212 in the test process by controlling acquisition system 4 ij Data m of humidity sensor h Data m of 6 weighing scales 32 bi Data m of the absorbent cotton characterization module 118 f And data h of the Bluetooth liquid level gauge 33 i Wherein b =1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
7) Data V recorded by the industrial camera 212 ij Calculating the volume V of the sample at time i i ，V i Obtained by the following formula (1):
V i ＝V 0 -V j (1)
wherein: v i Volume of the sample at time i, cm 3 ；V 0 Is the initial volume of the sample, cm 3 ；V j Is the amount of deformation, cm, of the specimen 3 ；
8) FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the evaporation capacity and the organic matter content of a device for testing the suction force of a sludge soil matrix according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the readings of the weighing scales 32 corresponding to the time points i of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are taken as the ordinate and the functional relationship between the abscissa and the ordinate is fitted to the horizontal axes of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1, respectively, to obtain the ambient environmentEvaporation capacity m under influence e As a function of the organic content, m e ＝f(c)；
9) Solving the volume V of water and contaminants in the discharged material by equation (2) wi And V ci The formula (2) is:
in the formula: v wi 、V ci 、V mi Volume, cm, of water, contaminants and total substances discharged through the glue-dropping pipe connector 311 at time i, respectively 3 ；ρ w 、ρ c Density of the effluent water and contaminants, respectively; m is 6i The reading, g, of the weighing scale 32 numbered 6 at time i;
10 According to the volume V of water and contaminants in the discharged material determined in step 9) wi And V ci By volume V of contaminant in the discharged material ci Dividing the obtained product by the molecular diameter of the organic matter to determine the surface area increment, wherein the molecular diameter of the organic matter is determined according to the composition of the organic matter; and m is determined according to step 8) e = f (c) interpolation, and the evaporation amount m of the effluent at the time i is obtained ei ，g；
11 Calculating the water content w of the sample at time i by the formula (3) i The formula (3) is:
wherein: w is a i Water content,%, of the sample at time i; m is a unit of 0 Is the initial hydrous mass of the sample, g; m is a unit of s Is the solid matter mass of the sample, g; m is a unit of hi A moisture mass increase amount g calculated for data of time i acquired by the humidity sensor; m is a unit of fi The mass increase, g, measured by the absorbent cotton characterization module 118 at time i; m is 6i The reading, g, of the weighing scale 32 numbered 6 at time i; m is ei Is the evaporation capacity of the effluent at time i, g;
12 Root of Chinese YamThe water content w of the sample at time i obtained according to the formula (3) i Calculating the saturation S of the sample at time i by the formula (4) ri Equation (4) is:
wherein: s. the ri Saturation,%, of the sample at time i; d is a radical of s The particle specific gravity of the sample is obtained through an indoor geotechnical test; rho i The density of the sample at time i, g/cm 3 Where ρ is i ＝(V 0 ·ρ d +m 0 -m hi -m fi -m 6i +m ei )/V i ，V 0 Taking 60cm as the volume of the cylindrical sample 3 ，ρ d Is the dry density, g/cm, of a cylindrical sample 3 ，V i Volume of the sample at time i, cm 3 ；ρ mi Density, p, of the discharge of weighing balance 32 numbered 6 at time i mi ＝m 6i /V mi ，g/cm 3 ；
13 Calculating the porosity e of the sample at time i by equation (5) i Equation (5) is:
14 Fig. 3 is a substrate suction curve of sludge soil of a sludge soil substrate suction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the air pressure psi i is used as the x-axis, and the porosity e is used i Is the y-axis with the saturation S ri And drawing a three-dimensional data curve graph of the suction force of the sludge soil matrix for a z axis.
The device and the method for testing the soil matrix suction of the sludge and the sludge soil have the advantages that the matrix suction of the soil under the conditions of high water content, high organic content, high concentration, large deformation and the like can be tested; the influence of the shrinkage deformation of the sample on the test result can be considered, the influence of the evaporation of water vapor inside and outside the pressure chamber on the test result is overcome, and the problem of organic matter discharge delay caused by the retardation of the argil plate on pollutants is solved. The promotion of the test function can furthest promote the influence of large deformation, water vapor evaporation and organic matter nonlinear discharge on the test result, and provide technical support for solid waste treatment in environmental geotechnics.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; and the modifications, changes or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A testing arrangement of silt mud soil matrix suction, its characterized in that, testing arrangement includes: the device comprises a pressure chamber module (1), a volume change metering module (2), a water displacement metering module (3) and a control acquisition system (4);
the pressure chamber module (1) is formed by screwing a pressure chamber chassis (11) and a pressure chamber upper cover (12) into a whole through screws, the pressure chamber chassis (11) is in a short barrel shape, a cutting ring sample mounting position (111) for placing a saturated sample is carved in the center of the bottom of the pressure chamber chassis, an insulating coating is coated on the outer surface of the cutting ring sample mounting position (111), the inner side of the cutting ring sample mounting position (111) is sealed with the side edge of a water-permeable and air-impermeable pottery clay plate (112) through an insulating rubber strip, a plurality of conductive patches (13) are arranged on the periphery of the pottery clay plate (112), and power lines of the conductive patches (13) are connected with an external high-density conductivity testing system; a drainage channel (113) communicated with the outside is arranged at the lower part of the argil plate (112), and liquid in the sample passes through the argil plate (112) and then is discharged out of the pressure chamber module (1) through the drainage channel (113); a circulating copper pipe (114) for controlling the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module (1) is arranged in the side wall of the pressure chamber chassis (11), and the circulating copper pipe (114) is circulated by adopting an oil bath to control the internal temperature of the pressure chamber module (1); the side wall of the pressure chamber chassis (11) is also provided with an air pressure hole (115) and a humidity sensor arrangement hole (116) which penetrate through the pressure chamber module (1), and the air pressure hole (115) is connected with an air pressure control system; a semi-permeable membrane (117) which is permeable and impermeable to air and water and is used for preventing the water in the sample from flowing back after evaporating is arranged on the inner wall of the air pressure hole (115); a moisture absorption cotton characterization module (118) used for absorbing moisture in the pressure chamber module is arranged on the periphery of the cutting ring sample mounting position (111); the pressure chamber upper cover (12) is made of metal materials, and a circular glass window (120) is arranged in the center of the pressure chamber upper cover;
the volume change metering module (2) comprises a bracket (211), 2 industrial cameras (212) and a flexible light shield (213); the bracket (211) is connected with the industrial camera (212) to ensure that the sample in the test process is in the shooting area of the industrial camera (212); one end of the flexible light shield (213) is connected with the lens of the industrial camera (212), and the other end of the flexible light shield (213) used for eliminating the influence of external light pollution on the test result of the industrial camera (212) is connected with the circular glass window (120) of the pressure chamber upper cover (12);
the water discharge metering module (3) comprises a water discharge pipeline (31), a weighing balance (32) and a Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale (33), one end of the water discharge pipeline (31) is connected with a water discharge channel (113) of the pressure chamber module (1), and the other end of the water discharge pipeline (31) is connected with a fixing frame of the weighing balance (32) through a glue dripping pipe connector (311); the number of the weighing scales (32) is 6, cylindrical water collecting bottles (322) with the same shape and size are placed on weighing trays (321) of the 6 weighing scales (32), and water, organic matters with 25% of surface area, organic matters with 50% of surface area, organic matters with 75% of surface area, organic matters and organic matters with 50% of surface area are respectively contained in the cylindrical water collecting bottles (322), and the serial numbers of the 6 weighing scales (32) are respectively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, wherein a water outlet of a glue dripping pipe joint (311) is dripped into the water collecting bottle (322) of the weighing scale (32) with the serial number 6, and a Bluetooth liquid level measuring ruler (33) is arranged on the outer layer of the water collecting bottle (322) containing the organic matters;
the humidity sensor arrangement hole (116) is provided with a humidity sensor which is connected with the control acquisition system (4); the oil bath, the industrial camera (212), the weighing balance (32), the hygroscopic cotton characterization module (118) and the Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale (33) are respectively connected with the control acquisition system (4).
2. The device for testing the suction force of the sludge soil matrix is characterized in that a constantan wire electric heating ring (123) for preventing the inner wall of the pressure chamber upper cover (12) from fogging is embedded in a fixing ring (1201) of a circular glass window (120) of the pressure chamber upper cover (12).
3. The device for testing the suction force of the sludge and sludge soil matrix is characterized in that a athermal light source ring (124) is arranged on the inner wall of a fixing ring (1201) of a pressure chamber upper cover (12); the outlet of the athermal light source ring (124) is positioned on the metal material part of the pressure chamber upper cover (12).
4. The device for testing the suction force of the sludge soil matrix is characterized in that power lines of a constantan wire electric heating ring (123) and a non-heat light source ring (124) are respectively connected with a direct current stabilized power supply.
5. The device for testing the suction force of the sludge soil matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 8 conductive patches (13) are uniformly arranged around the argil plate (112) at equal intervals.
6. A method for implementing a sludge soil matrix suction test device, using the test device of claim 5, the method comprising the steps of:
1) Preparation of dry density rho by cutting ring d A cylindrical sample with the height of 20mm and the diameter of 61.8mm is placed on a cutting ring sample mounting position (111), and speckles are uniformly sprayed on the surface of the cylindrical sample on the cutting ring sample mounting position (111);
2) A pressure chamber chassis (11) and a pressure chamber upper cover (12) are screwed into a whole through screws;
3) The circulating temperature T of the oil bath is set by controlling the acquisition system (4) e And applied air pressure Ψ i;
4) The brightness of the athermal light source ring (124) is adjusted by adopting a direct current stabilized power supply in a matching way, and the aperture and the focal length of the industrial camera are adjusted at the same time, so that the image of the sample is clear;
5) Setting acquisition time intervals of an industrial camera (212), a humidity sensor, a weighing balance (32) and a moisture absorption cotton characterization module (118) by controlling an acquisition system (4);
6) Recording data V of the industrial camera (212) in the test process by controlling the acquisition system (4) ij Data m of humidity sensor h Data m of 6 weighing scales (32) bi Data m of the absorbent cotton characterization module (118) f And data h of a Bluetooth liquid level measuring scale (33) i Wherein b =1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
7) Data V recorded by an industrial camera (212) ij Calculating the volume V of the sample at time i i ，V i Obtained by the following formula (1):
V i ＝V 0 -V j (1)
wherein: v i Volume of the sample at time i, cm 3 ；V 0 Is the initial volume of the sample, cm 3 ；V j Is the amount of deformation, cm, of the specimen 3 ；
8) Taking 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 as horizontal axes, respectively corresponding to the readings of the weighing balances (32) with the time numbers of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 at the moment i as vertical axes, and fitting the functional relationship between the horizontal axes and the vertical axes to obtain the evaporation amount m under the influence of the surrounding environment e With organic matterFunctional relationship between quantities, m e ＝f(c)；
9) Solving for the volume V of water and contaminants in the effluent by equation (2) wi And V ci The formula (2) is:
in the formula: v wi 、V ci 、V mi Volume, cm, of water, contaminants and total substances discharged through the glue-dripping pipe joint (311) at time i, respectively 3 ；ρ w 、ρ c Density of the effluent water and contaminants, respectively; m is a unit of 6i The reading of the weighing balance (32) numbered 6 at time i, g;
10 V) the volume V of water and contaminants in the discharged substance determined in step 9) wi And V ci By volume V of contaminant in the discharged material ci Dividing the obtained product by the molecular diameter of the organic matter to determine the surface area increment, wherein the molecular diameter of the organic matter is determined according to the composition of the organic matter; and m determined according to step 8) e = f (c) interpolation, obtaining evaporation amount m of discharge at time i ei ，g；
11 Calculating the water content w of the sample at time i by the formula (3) i The formula (3) is:
wherein: w is a i Water content,%, of the sample at time i; m is 0 Is the initial hydrous mass of the sample, g; m is s Is the solid matter mass of the sample, g; m is hi A moisture mass increase amount g calculated for data at time i acquired by the humidity sensor; m is fi The mass increment, g, measured by the absorbent cotton characterization module (118) at the moment i; m is 6i The reading of the weighing balance (32) numbered 6 at time i, g; m is ei G is the evaporation capacity of the effluent at time i;
12 Obtained according to equation (3)The water content w of the sample at time i i Calculating the saturation S of the sample at time i by the formula (4) ri The formula (4) is:
wherein: s ri Saturation of the sample at time i,%; d s The particle specific gravity of the sample is obtained through an indoor geotechnical test; rho i The density of the sample at time i, g/cm 3 Where ρ is i ＝(V 0 ·ρ d +m 0 -m hi -m fi -m 6i +m ei )/V i ，V 0 Taking 60cm as the volume of the cylindrical sample 3 ，ρ d Is the dry density, g/cm, of a cylindrical sample 3 ，V i Volume of sample at time i, cm 3 ；ρ mi Density of discharge of weighing balance (32) numbered 6 at time i, p mi ＝m 6i /V mi ，g/cm 3 ；
13 The porosity e of the sample at time i is calculated by equation (5) i Equation (5) is:
14 By air pressure psi i as the x-axis, by the void ratio e i Is the y-axis with the saturation S ri And drawing a three-dimensional data curve graph of the suction force of the sludge soil matrix for the z axis.
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