CN115165356A - Bearing test bench - Google Patents

Bearing test bench Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115165356A
CN115165356A CN202210502716.6A CN202210502716A CN115165356A CN 115165356 A CN115165356 A CN 115165356A CN 202210502716 A CN202210502716 A CN 202210502716A CN 115165356 A CN115165356 A CN 115165356A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bearing
thrust bearing
test
pressure
excitation
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Pending
Application number
CN202210502716.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何涛
张克龙
代路
羊慧
戴春辉
杨小虎
徐广展
宋苹
吕伟剑
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719th Research Institute of CSIC
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719th Research Institute of CSIC
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Priority to CN202210502716.6A priority Critical patent/CN115165356A/en
Publication of CN115165356A publication Critical patent/CN115165356A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04—Bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04—Bearings
    • G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing test bench, which comprises an installation bench, an excitation device and a pressing device, wherein the excitation device is arranged on the installation bench; the vibration excitation device is mounted on the mounting rack; the pressing device is mounted on the mounting rack and is arranged at an interval with the vibration excitation device along a first direction, so that a test space for accommodating the thrust bearing is formed between the pressing device and the vibration excitation device; the excitation device is used for exerting excitation force on the thrust bearing in the test space, and the pressing device is used for exerting pressure on the thrust bearing in the test space along the first direction. In the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the pressing device presses the thrust bearing along the first direction, the thrust bearing can generate axial thrust without rotating, and the exciting device outputs exciting force to the thrust bearing to obtain the natural frequency of the thrust bearing.

Description

Bearing test bench
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a bearing test bench.
Background
The thrust bearing is used as important equipment in a ship propulsion system, dynamic stiffness of the bearing needs to be tested before actual installation and use, and in the prior art, because the thrust bearing transmits thrust through a disc tile structure, only radial dynamic stiffness is often tested.
For a permanent magnet thrust bearing, the axial dynamic stiffness of the permanent magnet thrust bearing is an important parameter for estimating the inherent characteristic of a propulsion shafting and predicting the longitudinal vibration reduction effect, but a test bench specially for testing the axial dynamic stiffness does not exist at present, in the existing test, the permanent magnet thrust bearing is often required to be tested under the condition of a rotating working condition, the test environment is complex, the inherent characteristics of the permanent magnet thrust bearing, such as the axial dynamic stiffness and the vibration reduction effect, cannot be accurately obtained, and the thrust bearing is not convenient to test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a bearing test bench which is used for solving the problem that a thrust bearing is inconvenient to test and realizing the rapid test of the thrust bearing.
The invention provides a bearing test bench, comprising:
installing a rack;
an excitation device mounted to the mounting stage; and the number of the first and second groups,
the pressing device is arranged on the mounting rack and is arranged at an interval with the vibration excitation device along a first direction so as to form a test space for accommodating the thrust bearing between the pressing device and the vibration excitation device;
the excitation device is used for exerting excitation force on the thrust bearing in the test space, and the pressing device is used for exerting pressure on the thrust bearing in the test space along the first direction.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the excitation device comprises the vibration exciter, the fixed end of the vibration exciter is installed on the installation bench, and the excitation rod of the vibration exciter extends along the first direction.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the vibration excitation device is movably arranged on the mounting bench along the first direction so as to adjust the size of the test space.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the bearing test bench further comprises an installation platform, the installation platform is movably arranged on the installation bench along the first direction, and the vibration excitation device is fixedly installed on the installation platform.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the pressure applying device comprises:
the pressure shaft extends along the first direction and is provided with a pressure end and a driving end which are oppositely arranged; and (c) a second step of,
the driving cylinder is in driving connection with the driving end and is used for driving the pressure shaft to move along the first direction;
wherein the pressure end is configured to apply pressure to a bearing within the test space.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the bearing test bench further comprises a vibration isolation device, the vibration isolation device is mounted on the pressure shaft, and the vibration isolation device is used for isolating vibration transmitted by the bearing in the test space.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the vibration isolation device comprises a vibration isolation air bag which is arranged on the end surface of the pressure shaft.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the bearing test bench further comprises an eddy current sensor, and the eddy current sensor is mounted on the pressure shaft and used for detecting the pressure received by the thrust bearing in the test space.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the bearing test bench further comprises an acceleration sensor, and the acceleration sensor is mounted on the pressure shaft and used for detecting the acceleration response of the thrust bearing in the test space.
According to the bearing test bench provided by the invention, the bearing test bench further comprises a bearing base, the bearing base is installed on the installation bench and is positioned between the pressing device and the excitation device, and the bearing base is used for fixing the thrust bearing.
In the bearing test bench provided by the invention, a test space is formed between the pressing device and the excitation device, during testing, the thrust bearing is arranged in the test space, so that the thrust shaft of the thrust bearing is arranged in an extending manner along a first direction, the pressing device applies pressure to the thrust bearing along the first direction, axial thrust can be generated without rotating the thrust bearing, so that the stress condition of the thrust bearing is obtained, excitation force is output to the thrust bearing through the excitation device, the inherent frequency of the thrust bearing is obtained, the inherent characteristics such as axial dynamic stiffness and the like of the thrust bearing are obtained according to the stress condition and the inherent frequency, and the conditions of the thrust bearing under different working conditions can be tested by changing the working states of the pressing device and the excitation device, so that the test is simple and the operation is fast.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a bearing test bench provided in the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100. a bearing test stand; 1. installing a rack; 21. a vibration exciter; 31. a pressure shaft; 4. mounting a platform; 51. a vibration isolation air bag; 6. an eddy current sensor; 7. an acceleration sensor; 8. a load bearing base; A. and a thrust bearing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a bearing test bench 100, which includes an installation bench 1, a vibration excitation device and a pressure device; the vibration excitation device is mounted on the mounting rack 1; the pressing device is arranged on the mounting rack 1 and is arranged at an interval with the vibration excitation device along a first direction, so that a test space for accommodating the bearing A is formed between the pressing device and the vibration excitation device; the excitation device is used for applying excitation force to the bearing A in the test space, and the pressing device is used for applying pressure to the bearing A in the test space along the first direction.
In the bearing test bench 100 provided by the invention, a test space is formed between the pressing device and the excitation device, during testing, the thrust bearing a is arranged in the test space, so that the thrust shaft of the thrust bearing a is arranged in an extending manner along a first direction, the pressing device applies pressure to the thrust shaft along the first direction, axial thrust can be generated without rotating the thrust bearing a, so that the stress condition of the thrust bearing a is obtained, an excitation force is output to the thrust bearing a through the excitation device, the natural frequency of the thrust bearing a is obtained, the inherent characteristics such as axial dynamic stiffness and the like of the thrust bearing a are obtained according to the stress condition and the natural frequency, and the conditions of the thrust bearing a under different working conditions can be tested by changing the working states of the pressing device and the excitation device, so that the test is simple and the operation is fast.
Further, in order to facilitate the excitation device to detect the natural frequency of the thrust bearing a, the excitation device includes an exciter 21, a fixed end of the exciter 21 is mounted on the mounting rack, and an excitation rod of the exciter 21 extends in the first direction. During testing, the excitation rod generates excitation force facing the first direction, and the excitation force and the applying device act together to enable the thrust bearing A to generate axial excitation in the testing space so as to obtain the natural frequency of the thrust bearing A.
The exciter 21 may be of various types, and any exciter that can generate an exciting force in the first direction may be used, and the description thereof is omitted.
Further, the vibration exciting device is movably mounted to the mounting stage 1 in the first direction to adjust the size of the test space. In the testing process, the axial lengths of the bearings which can be removed are not completely the same for the bearings of different models, and in this embodiment, the excitation device is made to move in the first direction so as to be adapted to the bearings of different models.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the bearing test bench 100 further includes a mounting platform 4, the mounting platform 4 is movably disposed on the mounting bench 1 along the first direction, and the vibration excitation device is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform 4. Through mounting platform 4 will the excitation device install extremely on mounting platform 1, be convenient for the installation of excitation device need not to improve excitation device itself, simultaneously, avoids excitation device is when producing the excitation, because the position of excitation device itself is adjustable, leads to excitation device to produce and rocks, leads to unable completion test.
It should be noted that, there are multiple movable manners between the mounting platform 4 and the mounting rack 1, in this embodiment, a sliding fit structure is provided between the opposite end surfaces of the mounting platform 4 and the mounting rack 1, and includes a sliding rail and a sliding chute which are mutually matched, one of the sliding rail and the sliding chute is provided on the mounting platform 4, the other is provided on the mounting rack 1, and the sliding rail and the sliding chute are provided to extend along the first direction. Through the sliding fit structure, be convenient for follow the stable activity of first direction, simultaneously, be convenient for the fixed after the activity.
On the other hand, the pressing device includes a pressure shaft 31 and a driving cylinder; the pressure shaft 31 extends along the first direction, and the pressure shaft 31 has a pressure end and a driving end which are oppositely arranged; the driving cylinder is in driving connection with the driving end and is used for driving the pressure shaft 31 to move along the first direction; wherein the pressure end is used for applying pressure to the thrust bearing A in the test space. In this embodiment, will the pressure end with thrust bearing A interconnect, the actuating cylinder drive pressure shaft 31 to test space internalization, in order to promote thrust bearing A's axle is along the axial activity, the simulation thrust bearing A is at the activity operating mode of actual work time, through pressure shaft 31 applys pressure, simple structure, be convenient for with connect between the thrust bearing A.
It should be noted that there are various embodiments of the driving cylinder, for example, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder is used to drive the pressure shaft 31 to move, and this is not limited in this respect.
In addition, in order to facilitate the connection of the pressure shaft 31, a flange is fixed on the end surface of the pressure end. So as to be coupled with the thrust bearing a.
Further, the bearing test bench 100 further includes a vibration isolation device mounted to the pressure shaft 31, and the vibration isolation device is used for isolating vibration transmitted by the bearing in the test space. Through the vibration isolation device, the situation that the driving cylinder is damaged due to the fact that excitation generated by the excitation device is transmitted to the pressure shaft 31 through the thrust bearing A is avoided, the vibration isolation device is arranged on the pressure shaft 31, and when vibration is transmitted to the pressure shaft 31, the vibration is resolved by the vibration isolation device.
The vibration isolation device has various embodiments, for example, an elastic member is mounted on the pressure shaft 31 to isolate vibration, and the elastic member has various embodiments, for example, a spring, and the spring is mounted on the pressure shaft 31 to absorb vibration; specifically, in the present embodiment, the vibration isolation device includes a vibration isolation balloon 51, and the vibration isolation balloon 51 is attached to an end surface of the pressure shaft 31. The vibration isolation is carried out through the vibration isolation air bag 51, the vibration isolation effect is guaranteed, and meanwhile the pressure in the vibration isolation air bag can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the vibration isolation requirements of different conditions can be adapted conveniently.
In addition, flanges are also provided at both ends of the vibration isolation bladder 51, so that the vibration isolation bladder 51 can be easily attached to the pressure shaft 31 and can be easily connected to the thrust bearing a.
In order to facilitate the testing of the thrust bearing a, the bearing testing bench 100 further includes an eddy current sensor 6, and the eddy current sensor 6 is mounted on the pressure shaft 31 to detect the pressure received by the thrust bearing a in the testing space. During testing, the pressure shaft 31 movably presses the test space, so that the shaft of the thrust bearing A generates axial displacement, the state of the thrust bearing A is recorded through the eddy current sensor 6, the eddy current sensor 6 is arranged on the pressure shaft 31, recording is conveniently and directly carried out according to the state of the pressure shaft 31, and the accuracy of data is ensured.
On the other hand, the bearing test bench 100 further comprises an acceleration sensor 7, and the acceleration sensor 7 is mounted on the pressure shaft 31 and is used for detecting the acceleration response of the thrust bearing a in the test space. The acceleration sensor 7 is arranged on the pressure shaft 31, after the excitation device generates excitation, vibration is transmitted to the pressure shaft 31 along the shaft of the thrust bearing A, an acceleration response is generated at the joint of the thrust bearing A and the pressure shaft, and the natural frequency of the thrust bearing A is tested by detecting the acceleration response.
It should be noted that there are many ways to arrange the mounting stage 1 as long as the vibration excitation device and the pressure applying device are arranged at an interval and a test space is formed therebetween, for example, the mounting stage 1 includes two mounting frames arranged at an interval along the first direction, and the vibration excitation device and the pressure applying device are respectively mounted on the mounting frames; in this embodiment, the mounting rack includes a mounting plate, a mounting surface is formed on the mounting plate, the mounting surface extends along the first direction, and the vibration excitation device and the pressure application device are mounted on the mounting surface at an interval, so that the thrust bearing a can be conveniently placed on the mounting surface, and a test can be performed through the pressure application device and the vibration excitation device.
Further, in order to facilitate the installation of the thrust bearing a, the bearing test bench 100 further includes a bearing base 8, the bearing base 8 is installed on the installation bench 1 and is located between the pressing device and the excitation device, and the bearing base 8 is used to fix the thrust bearing a. Through bearing base 8 is fixed thrust bearing A guarantees thrust bearing A install extremely in the test space, can be in same axis with pressure device, simultaneously, be convenient for thrust bearing A installs on installation rack 1.
It should be noted that there are various fixing and mounting manners between the thrust bearing a and the bearing base 8, in this embodiment, a bolt hole is formed on the bearing base 8, and the thrust bearing a is mounted on the bearing base 8 through a fixing bolt.
Based on the bearing test bench, the invention provides a specific embodiment
In this embodiment, the thrust bearing a is first fixedly mounted on the bearing base 8, wherein the thrust bearing a extends along the first direction; the end surface of the pressure shaft 31 is connected with a vibration isolation air bag 51 through a flange plate, and the bow end of the thrust bearing A is connected with the flange plate of the vibration isolation air bag 51; the stern end of the thrust bearing A is connected with the excitation rod of the vibration exciter 21 through a flange plate.
During testing, the pressure shaft 31 is started, axial displacement is generated on the shaft of the thrust bearing A, and the axial displacement is recorded by the eddy current sensor 6; then, starting the vibration exciter 21, wherein the exciting force of the vibration exciter 21 is transmitted to the shaft of the thrust bearing A through the exciting rod, the vibration isolation air bag 51 isolates the vibration transmitted by the thrust bearing A, and the acceleration sensor 7 acquires the acceleration response on the thrust bearing A, so that the natural frequency omega of the thrust bearing A is obtained n (ii) a The pressure shaft 31 and the vibration exciter 21 are adjusted to test a plurality of natural frequencies under different thrust conditions.
The weight of the shaft of the thrust bearing A is m in the whole test system 1 The mass of the thrust bearing A is m 2 The mass of the fore flange of the vibration isolation air bag 51 is m 3 Then the total system mass is m = m 1 +m 2 +m 3 。
By the formula
Figure BDA0003634627020000081
The system rigidity k can be obtained and can be used as the dynamic rigidity of the permanent magnet thrust bearing
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bearing test stand, comprising:
installing a rack;
an excitation device mounted to the mounting stage; and (c) a second step of,
the pressing device is arranged on the mounting rack and is arranged at an interval with the vibration excitation device along a first direction so as to form a test space for accommodating the thrust bearing between the pressing device and the vibration excitation device;
the vibration exciting device is used for applying exciting force to the thrust bearing in the testing space, and the pressing device is used for applying pressure to the thrust bearing in the testing space along the first direction.
2. The bearing test stand of claim 1, wherein the excitation device comprises an exciter, a fixed end of the exciter is mounted to the mounting stand, and an excitation rod of the exciter extends in the first direction.
3. The bearing test rig of claim 1, wherein the excitation device is movably mounted to the mounting rig in the first direction to adjust the size of the test volume.
4. The bearing test bench of claim 3 further comprising a mounting platform movably disposed on the mounting bench in the first direction, the excitation device being fixedly mounted to the mounting platform.
5. The bearing test stand of claim 1, wherein the pressure applicator comprises:
the pressure shaft extends along the first direction and is provided with a pressure end and a driving end which are oppositely arranged; and the number of the first and second groups,
the driving cylinder is in driving connection with the driving end and is used for driving the pressure shaft to move along the first direction;
wherein the pressure end is configured to apply pressure to a thrust bearing within the test volume.
6. The bearing test rig of claim 5, further comprising a vibration isolation device mounted to the pressure shaft, the vibration isolation device configured to isolate vibrations transmitted by the bearing within the test volume.
7. The bearing test rig of claim 6, wherein the vibration isolation device comprises a vibration isolation bladder mounted to an end face of the pressure shaft.
8. The bearing test rig of claim 5, further comprising an eddy current sensor mounted to the pressure shaft for detecting pressure received by a thrust bearing within the test volume.
9. The bearing test rig of claim 5, further comprising an acceleration sensor mounted to the pressure shaft for detecting an acceleration response of a thrust bearing within the test volume.
10. The bearing test rig of claim 1, further comprising a load base mounted to the mounting rig between the pressure and excitation devices, the load base configured to secure the thrust bearing.
CN202210502716.6A 2022-05-09 2022-05-09 Bearing test bench Pending CN115165356A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210502716.6A CN115165356A (en) 2022-05-09 2022-05-09 Bearing test bench

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210502716.6A CN115165356A (en) 2022-05-09 2022-05-09 Bearing test bench

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115165356A true CN115165356A (en) 2022-10-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210502716.6A Pending CN115165356A (en) 2022-05-09 2022-05-09 Bearing test bench

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115165356A (en)

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