CN115165137A - Sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor - Google Patents
Sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115165137A CN115165137A CN202210581509.4A CN202210581509A CN115165137A CN 115165137 A CN115165137 A CN 115165137A CN 202210581509 A CN202210581509 A CN 202210581509A CN 115165137 A CN115165137 A CN 115165137A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 claims 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor which comprises a sugarcoated haw type optical fiber, wherein the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber comprises a tapered optical fiber and a plurality of polymer microspheres which are sequentially and serially wrapped on the tapered optical fiber. According to the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor provided by the invention, the optical fiber is connected with the plurality of polymer microspheres in series, so that high-sensitivity temperature sensing detection is realized, and the sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, rapid integration, small volume, compact structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor.
Background
The optical fiber temperature sensor can realize high-sensitivity sensing detection of the environmental temperature, and is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as power systems, the building industry, the aerospace industry, the ocean development and the like. The optical fiber temperature sensing structure mainly comprises a non-interference type and an interference type. The non-interference optical fiber temperature sensing structure is mainly prepared by utilizing Bragg gratings, the sensitivity of the non-interference optical fiber temperature sensing structure is between 7 and 11 pm/DEG C, the preparation process of the sensing structure is complex, required equipment is expensive, and the structural sensitivity is not high. The interference type optical fiber temperature sensing structure has the advantages of simplicity in manufacturing, high temperature sensing sensitivity and the like, and is generally prepared by etching a microcavity in an optical fiber, drawing an optical fiber cone, welding different types of optical fibers and the like.
At present, some novel thermosensitive functional materials are prepared into microstructures to be integrated with optical fibers so as to further improve the sensitivity and mechanical strength of optical fiber temperature sensing structures, such as liquid crystals, polydimethylsiloxane and the like. Although the sensitivity of the optical fiber temperature sensing structure is remarkably improved, the integration level and the sensitivity of the optical fiber temperature sensor are still to be improved. The optical fiber sensor which is high in sensitivity, low in cost, compact in structure, high in integration degree and easy to realize is researched and realized, and still has higher research and application values at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor, which realizes high-sensitivity temperature sensing detection by connecting the plurality of polymer microspheres in series on the optical fiber, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, quick integration, small volume, compact structure and low cost.
The invention provides a sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor which comprises a sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber, wherein the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber comprises a tapered optical fiber and a plurality of polymer microspheres which are sequentially and serially wrapped on the tapered optical fiber.
The optical fiber temperature sensor consists of a tapered optical fiber and a plurality of polymer microspheres sequentially wrapped on the tapered optical fiber in series, and when light is transmitted through the plurality of polymer microspheres, light beams are split and converged for multiple times, so that a Mach-Zehnder type interferometer is formed, and very obvious interference fringes can be generated along with the change of temperature, and the high-sensitivity measurement of the external temperature is realized.
Preferably, the number of the polymeric microspheres is 4 to 8, preferably 6.
In the invention, the plurality of polymer microspheres continuously excite part of light in the fiber core of the optical fiber into the fiber cladding to form a multi-order cladding mode, and the rest part of light is still transmitted in the tapered optical fiber, so that the basic mode in the tapered optical fiber and each-order cladding mode in the cladding are continuously coupled into the tapered optical fiber by the polymer microspheres behind to interfere with the original tapered optical fiber mode; therefore, when the number of the optical fiber microspheres is less than 4, the effective interference length is short, and the interference spectrum with effective sensitivity to the external environment temperature is not enough to be formed, and when the number of the optical fiber microspheres is more than 8, longer tapered optical fibers are needed, so that the loss of the projection interference spectrum of the sensor structure is large, and the sensing detection is not facilitated.
Preferably, the plurality of polymeric microspheres are equally spaced on the tapered optical fiber, preferably at a spacing of 100-150 μm.
In the invention, the spacing can ensure that more polymer microspheres can be obtained within a certain interference length, and the quality of the polymer microspheres is ensured.
Preferably, the plurality of polymeric microspheres are of equal size, preferably 600-700 μm in diameter.
In the invention, the diameter of the polymer microsphere can ensure the effective excitation of a multi-order mode, and the surface of the joint of the microsphere and the optical fiber is as flat as possible, thereby reducing the transmission loss.
Preferably, the tapered optical fiber is obtained by a fusion tapering technique.
According to the invention, the conical optical fiber can improve the penetration depth range of an evanescent field of light, so that the light transmitted in a transmission region is more easily influenced by the external environment.
Preferably, the tapered fiber has a length of 1-5mm, preferably 2-3mm.
Preferably, the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber is prepared by the following method:
and respectively coating light-curing glue on a plurality of positions on the tapered optical fiber, respectively forming polymer microspheres on the tapered optical fiber by the light-curing glue at each position, and curing by illumination to obtain the sugarcoated haws type optical fiber.
Preferably, the light-cured glue is a photoresist, preferably an SU-8 photoresist.
According to the invention, the photoresist, especially SU-8 photoresist has effective thermal expansion coefficient and thermo-optic coefficient characteristics, so that the sensitivity of an interference spectrum formed in the optical fiber temperature sensor to the external environment temperature is improved, and the temperature sensing sensitivity is improved.
Preferably, the fiber optic sensor further comprises a broadband light source and a spectrometer;
the broadband light source, the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber and the spectrometer are sequentially connected with each other in an optical fiber fusion mode.
Preferably, after light emitted by the broadband light source is input into the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber, a cladding mode sensitive to the external temperature is excited, mach-Zehnder interference is generated between the cladding mode and a core mode in the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber, and then the light is output to the spectrometer.
In the invention, when the external environment temperature changes, the wavelength position of the interference attenuation peak changes correspondingly, and the measurement of the external environment temperature is realized by detecting the wavelength value of the interference attenuation peak of the transmission light on the spectrometer.
The specific working principle of the sensor is as follows:
the tapered optical fiber integrates a plurality of polymer microspheres to form the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor, incident light is divided into two beams at one side of the tapered optical fiber, the two beams of light are respectively transmitted forwards in the tapered optical fiber and the polymer microspheres, and the transmission interference spectrum of the structure is formed by coupling and superposing the two beams of light at the other side of the tapered optical fiber. The light beam propagating in the tapered fiber acts as a core mode and the light beam propagating in the polymer microsphere acts as a cladding mode. The core mold and the cladding mold form an optical path difference when the transmitted light is transmitted, so that a phase difference is generated after the transmitted light passes through a certain distance
Can be expressed as:
in the formula (1), n core Is the effective refractive index of the core, n clad Is the cladding mode effective index, L is the interference length, λ is the wavelength of the light source, and m is the order of the interference.
The plurality of polymer microspheres integrated by the tapered optical fiber are preferably adopted to have a high thermo-optic coefficient of 10 -4 /℃Magnitude and high coefficient of thermal expansion of alpha SU-8 The optical fiber is prepared by coating SU-8 photoresist at 48 ppm/DEG C, and the effective refractive index and the interference length of the formed sugarcoated gourd-shaped optical fiber are modulated along with the change of the ambient temperature. According to the formula (1), the phase difference between the core mode and the cladding mode changes, and finally the intensity of the transmission interference spectrum of the gourd-shaped optical fiber structure is changed. The temperature sensing test is realized by recording the change of the interference peak intensity in the transmission interference spectrum, so that the temperature is determined by the number and the volume of the polymer microspheres and the fineness of the tapered optical fiber structure.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, a sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensing structure based on polymer microspheres is prepared by adopting simple melting tapering and ultraviolet curing technologies, and has the advantages of small volume and high sensitivity.
(2) In the invention, a tapered optical fiber is prepared by a fused biconical taper technology, a plurality of polymer microspheres are uniformly coated on the tapered optical fiber, and the polymer microspheres on the tapered optical fiber are exposed by an ultraviolet curing technology on the premise of controlling the distance and the diameter of the polymer microspheres to be cured and integrated with the optical fiber, so that the sugarcoated haws type optical fiber temperature sensing structure is obtained.
(3) In the invention, incident light is divided into two beams at one side of a tapered optical fiber, the two beams of light are respectively transmitted forwards in the tapered optical fiber and the polymer microsphere, and the two beams of light are coupled and superposed at the other side of the optical fiber taper to form a transmission interference spectrum of the structure: the high-frequency peak can be modulated in the low-frequency peak of the transmission interference spectrum, the high-frequency peak is filtered by Fourier transform of the structure interference spectrum to obtain a low-frequency interference spectrum, the interference peak A near 1475nm after filtering is monitored, when the ambient temperature is changed between 30 ℃ and 55 ℃, the interference spectrum of the structure has good response to the temperature, and the sensitivity can be as high as 0.1182 dB/DEG C.
(4) The obtained optical fiber temperature sensor has the advantages of easy integration of polymer microspheres, easy manufacture, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of electric power systems, building industry, aerospace industry, ocean development and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an interference spectrum of the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor of the present invention at 30 ℃;
FIG. 3 is a spectrogram of an interference spectrum of the present invention after Fourier transform;
FIG. 4 is an interference spectrum of the invention after high frequency filtering.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but these examples should be specifically mentioned for illustration, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The embodiment provides an optical fiber magnetic field sensor based on magnetic polymer microspheres, which is prepared by the following method:
(1) Taking two single-mode fibers (SMF-28 e +) with the same length, wherein the diameter of a fiber core is 8 mu m, and the diameter of a cladding is 125 mu m; peeling off the coating layer with the length of about 1cm at the tail ends of the two single-mode fibers by using a fiber clamp, dipping alcohol by using lens paper after the fiber cladding is exposed to wipe off residual scraps on the fiber, and placing the fiber with the cladding exposed on a fiber cutter to cut the end surface flat;
(2) Putting the optical fiber with the flat cut end surface into V-shaped grooves at two sides of an optical fiber fusion splicer (KL-300T); manual cleaning discharge is carried out to clean up chips on the end faces of the optical fibers, then the two optical fibers are welded together in a manual discharge mode, the manual discharge time is 300ms, the manual supplement discharge time is 880ms, and the current intensity is 61bit; applying constant external force while manually discharging, dragging the optical fiber to move to two sides at a constant speed, and discharging for multiple times to obtain tapered optical fiber with uniform thickness and length of 2.3 +/-0.1 mm;
(3) Taking the tapered optical fiber out of the fusion splicer, fixing the tapered optical fiber on a sample rack with a hollow-out middle part, and placing the tapered optical fiber in the air under an optical fiber precision cutting CCD system (XDC-10A-530H); taking a proper amount of liquid polymer material (SU-8 photoresist), coating six positions with equal intervals on the tapered optical fiber by using a dispensing instrument, enabling the liquid polymer material wrapping the tapered optical fiber to form polymer microspheres due to the action of surface tension, and irradiating for 40 seconds by using an ultraviolet lamp light source (UVLED, XP104 provided by the electrified sub-technology company) for curing to prepare the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor.
In the above embodiment, the liquid polymer material SU-8 photoresist is composed of a polymer monomer and a photoinitiator, and under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, the photoinitiator in the polymer material absorbs photons to generate an active acid H + The active acid can open the chemical bonds contained in the polymer monomer to combine with the chemical bonds of other monomers for recombination so as to solidify the polymer microsphere. The SU-8 photoresist has good light transmission, high chemical corrosion resistance, strong biocompatibility and larger thermal expansion coefficient, and six polymer microspheres with equal intervals are prepared on the optical fiber cone by the same method, so that the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber sensing structure is formed.
The sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor obtained by the invention is shown in figure 1. Referring to fig. 1, the polymer microspheres have smooth surfaces and are yellow transparent spheres, and the polymer microspheres are uniformly and regularly arranged on the tapered optical fiber to form a sugar gourd-shaped optical fiber sensing structure together with the tapered optical fiber; the tapered fiber had a length of 2.3mm, a spacing of 125 μm between two polymer microspheres, and a diameter of 625 μm.
The sugarcoated haws type optical fiber is respectively connected with a broadband light source (SC-5-FC, wuhan Anyang laser technology, inc.) and a spectrometer (AQ 6370D, yoghurt testing and measuring, inc.) in sequence in an optical fiber welding mode, the optical fiber is placed in a temperature control box (Kingjo, CK-80G), incident light is coupled to a transmission spectrum formed in the optical fiber after passing through the sugarcoated haws type optical fiber, and the transmission spectrum of the sensor structure at room temperature is measured and is shown in figure 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the interference spectrum is formed by overlapping a low-frequency interference peak and a high-frequency interference peak, and since the high-frequency interference peak is not beneficial to data acquisition and processing in the sensing test, high-frequency filtering is performed on high-frequency signals in the interference spectrum.
Firstly, performing fourier transform on the interference spectrum, and obtaining a spectrogram as shown in fig. 3, wherein two characteristic peaks exist in the spectrogram shown in fig. 3, and the frequencies corresponding to the a peak and the B peak are x =0.00432 (Hz) and y =0.00862 (Hz), respectively; and low-pass filtering is carried out to allow the low-frequency signal to pass, the interference spectrum after filtering is shown in figure 4, three low-frequency characteristic peaks in the interference spectrum when the wavelength measurement range is 900-1600nm are obviously seen from the interference spectrum shown in figure 4, and the high-frequency peaks are filtered.
Testing of temperature sensing characteristics
A temperature testing device is set up to carry out experimental research on the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor, and a device system consists of a broadband light source, a spectrometer and a programmable temperature control box. The sugarcoated haws type optical fiber is respectively connected with the broadband light source and the spectrometer and is arranged on the sample rack.
The temperature of the temperature control box is changed at intervals of 5 ℃ from 30 ℃ to 55 ℃, the transmission spectrum at each temperature is measured and recorded, a plurality of interference peaks existing in the spectrum measurement range can be seen in the obtained spectrogram and have good response characteristics to the temperature, the minimum intensity value of the interference peak A at each temperature is recorded, and the minimum intensity value of the interference peak in the transmission spectrum becomes larger along with the increase of the temperature. And linear fitting is carried out on the minimum intensity value of the interference peak A, and the fitting result shows that the temperature sensitivity of the sugarcoated haw type optical fiber temperature sensor is 0.1182 dB/DEG C, and the linear correlation coefficient is 0.9823.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor is characterized by comprising a sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber, wherein the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber comprises a tapered optical fiber and a plurality of polymer microspheres which are sequentially and serially wrapped on the tapered optical fiber.
2. The sugar gourd-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the polymer microspheres is 4-8, preferably 6.
3. The sugar gourd shaped optical fiber temperature sensor of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of polymer microspheres are equally spaced on the tapered optical fiber, preferably at a spacing of 100-150 μm.
4. The sugar gourd shaped optical fiber temperature sensor of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plurality of polymer microspheres are of equal size, preferably 600-700 μm in diameter.
5. The sugar gourd shaped optical fiber temperature sensor of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the tapered optical fiber is obtained by fused biconical taper technique.
6. The fiber optic sugarcoated gourd temperature sensor of claim 5, wherein said tapered fiber has a length of 1-5mm, preferably 2-3mm.
7. The sugar cane-type optical fiber temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sugar cane-type optical fiber is prepared by the following method:
and respectively coating light-curing glue on a plurality of positions on the tapered optical fiber, respectively forming polymer microspheres on the tapered optical fiber by the light-curing glue at each position, and curing by illumination to obtain the sugarcoated haws type optical fiber.
8. The sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber temperature sensor according to claim 7, wherein the photo-curing glue is a photoresist, preferably SU-8 photoresist.
9. The sugar cane type optical fiber temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the optical fiber sensor further comprises a broadband light source and a spectrometer;
the broadband light source, the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber and the spectrometer are sequentially connected with each other in an optical fiber fusion mode.
10. The temperature sensor of the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber according to claim 9, wherein after the light emitted by the broadband light source is input into the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber, a cladding mode sensitive to the external temperature is excited, and Mach-Zehnder interference is generated with a core mode in the sugarcoated haw-shaped optical fiber and then output to the spectrometer.
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| CN216348692U (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-04-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Asymmetric peanut-shaped optical fiber MZI temperature and refractive index sensing system |
-
2022
- 2022-05-26 CN CN202210581509.4A patent/CN115165137A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001067565A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | California Institute Of Technology | Micro-cavity laser |
| US20030021301A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-30 | California Institute Of Technology | Fiber-coupled microsphere Raman laser |
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