CN115164742A - Tube sheet convergence displacement measuring method - Google Patents
Tube sheet convergence displacement measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The method for measuring the convergent displacement of the duct piece is a method for measuring and calculating the convergent displacement of the duct piece under the condition of deviation of a tunnel supporting structure or a surrounding rock-soil body, so that the aim of accurately measuring and calculating the rock-soil body after the deviation of the rock-soil body is effectively fulfilled, and the high-precision requirement of tunnel clearance convergent measurement is met. The duct piece convergence displacement measuring method comprises the following steps: 1) Monitoring points are distributed; 2) Collecting an initial value; 3) And monitoring clearance convergence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a new method for measuring convergence displacement of a tunnel segment, belonging to the field of geotechnical construction and tunnel engineering.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the construction of urban underground engineering is limited by surface structures, and underground tunnel engineering increasingly adopts a shield construction method. Duct pieces are needed to be assembled for supporting after shield construction, so that the section of the tunnel has standard firmness and stability.
The monitoring of vertical and horizontal displacement of tunnel segments is an important monitoring project during shield construction, the change of clearance size inside a tunnel is called convergence displacement, and tunnel clearance convergence measurement is widely adopted as a method for judging the stability of a tunnel supporting structure. At present, the tunnel clearance convergence monitoring in the engineering construction process is mainly monitored by a total station.
However, in the tunnel construction process, the tunnel supporting structure or the surrounding rock-soil mass may be deviated, resulting in deviation of the clearance convergence point disposed on the tunnel supporting structure or the surrounding rock-soil mass. Especially in the shield tunnel work progress, tunnel supporting construction is formed by segment structure concatenation, and the segment aversion can take place for the shield section of jurisdiction because of the thick liquid solidifies, receives reasons such as peripheral water and soil pressure inhomogeneous, and present total powerstation obtains headroom convergence value through measuring the distance difference of the headroom convergence point of laying in shield section of jurisdiction both sides in interval unit interval time. The section of jurisdiction takes place to shift the back, leads to laying the headroom convergence point on the shield constructs the section of jurisdiction and takes place the skew, leads to the total powerstation to survey headroom convergence value and actually have the error. When the tunnel supporting structure or the surrounding rock-soil body deviates, the existing measuring method is difficult to meet the high-precision requirement of tunnel clearance convergence measurement.
In view of this, the present patent application is specifically proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The segment convergence displacement measuring method aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a segment convergence displacement measuring and calculating method applied to a tunnel supporting structure or a surrounding rock-soil body in a shifting condition, so that the aim of accurately measuring and calculating after the rock-soil body is shifted is fulfilled, and the high-precision requirement of tunnel clearance convergence measurement is met.
In order to achieve the design purpose, the duct piece convergence displacement measuring method comprises the following stages:
1) Monitoring points are distributed;
monitoring points are distributed after the tunnel shield segments are assembled;
when measuring points are distributed, a duct piece convergence left side point, a duct piece convergence right side point and a duct piece vertical displacement point are distributed in a plane which is vertical to the tunnel in the axial direction;
2) Collecting an initial value;
collecting a segment convergence initial value immediately after the distribution of the points to be measured is finished;
using the total station to respectively measure the total station to segment convergence left side point distance OB, the total station and segment vertical displacement point distance OA, segment convergence left side point-total station-segment vertical displacement point included angle 1, doing a tunnel axis direction plumb line through segment convergence left side point, calculating through the following formula to obtain a left side segment convergence initial value BD: l BD0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0 ；
Respectively measuring the distance OC between the total station and the right side convergence point of the duct piece, the distance AC between the total station and the duct piece vertical displacement point, the included angle 2 between the right side convergence point of the duct piece and the total station and the duct piece vertical displacement point, and using the right side convergence point of the duct piece as a tunnel axis direction plumb line through the following formulaCalculating to obtain a convergence initial value CE of the right-side duct piece: l CE0 ＝l OC0 sin∠2 0 ；
The convergence initial values of the pipe pieces on the two sides are added to obtain the convergence initial value of the whole pipe piece, the expression is as follows,
l 0 ＝l BD0 +l CE0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0 +l OC0 sin∠2 0
measuring and calculating a tertiary segment convergence initial value according to the flow, and taking an average value as the segment convergence initial value;
3) Monitoring clearance convergence;
during the tunnel construction, performing clearance convergence monitoring according to monitoring frequency, wherein the monitoring is performed every 24 hours at an optimal time interval;
adopting the same collection and calculation process as the initial value of the convergence of the duct piece;
the segment convergence measured value obtained by the nth measurement conforms to the following formula l n ＝l BDn +l CEn ＝l OBn sin∠1 n +l OCn sin∠2 n ；
The accumulated variation of the segment convergence measured for the nth time is in accordance with the following formula, that is, the initial value is subtracted from the actual value measured for the nth time:
Vl accumulation ＝l n -l 0 ＝(l BDn sin∠1 n +l CEn sin∠2 n )-(l BD0 sin∠1 0 +l CE0 sin∠2 0 )
Furthermore, in the monitoring point laying stage, the time interval for laying the monitoring points after the tunnel shield segments are assembled is 24 hours.
Further, in the initial value acquisition stage, centering and leveling the total station above the vertical direction of the monitoring point.
Further, in the initial value acquisition stage, if errors of the measurement values of the three segment convergence initial values are within 1mm, taking the average value of the three measurement values as a finally determined segment convergence initial value; and if the error of the measured value at a time exceeds 1mm, rejecting the measured value at the time, and taking the value again until the errors of the measured values at three times are all within 1mm, and taking the average value of the measured values at three times as the final determined segment convergence initial value.
Further, in the headroom convergence monitoring stage, the headroom convergence monitoring is performed every 24 hours according to the monitoring frequency.
Further, in the clearance convergence monitoring stage, comparing the measured value of the convergence of the duct piece with the distance BC between the left point of the convergence of the duct piece and the right point of the convergence of the duct piece, so as to verify whether the connection line of the convergence points of the duct piece is vertical to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel; if the distance BC between the left convergence point and the right convergence point of the duct piece is equal to l 0 The connecting line of the left and right convergence points of the tunnel segment is vertical to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel; if the distance BC between the left convergence point of the duct piece and the right convergence point of the duct piece is greater than l 0 In the process, the connecting line of the tunnel segment converged at the right side point is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel, and the convergent point deviates in the axial direction of the tunnel.
As described above, the segment convergence displacement measurement method has the advantages that a new measurement process and a new calculation principle are provided for the phenomenon that the clearance convergence point deviates after the displacement of the segment, so that the error influence of the clearance convergence value and the actual value measured by the total station can be overcome, the segment clearance convergence measurement result is more accurate, the difficulty of the measurement and calculation process is lower, the field measurement device is easy to arrange and is less influenced by the environment, and the learning difficulty is correspondingly reduced.
Drawings
The present application will now be further described with reference to the following drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout view of a field measurement device of the duct piece convergence displacement measurement method of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of observation points along the longitudinal axis of a tunnel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a segment convergence point connection line not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a segment convergence point line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel;
in the above drawings, 1, shield segments; 2. a total station; 3. a tripod; 4. monitoring points; 5. a segment convergence left point; 6. segment convergence right point; 7. a segment vertical displacement point;
A. a segment vertical displacement point; B. the left point of the duct piece convergence; C. segment convergence right point; o, total station points; D. the left side point of the duct piece convergence is at the vertical point of the tunnel axis direction; E. the right side point of the duct piece convergence is at the vertical point of the tunnel axis direction; OA, the distance between the total station and the vertical displacement point of the duct piece; OB, distance between a total station and a left convergence point of the duct piece; AB. The distance between the vertical displacement point of the duct piece and the convergence left point of the duct piece; OC, distance between the total station and the convergence right point of the duct piece; AC. The distance between the vertical displacement point of the duct piece and the convergence right point of the duct piece; BC. The distance between the left convergence point of the duct piece and the right convergence point of the duct piece; BD. A left segment convergence value; CE. A right segment convergence value; an included angle between an angle 1 and a duct piece convergence left side point-a total station-a duct piece vertical displacement point; and an included angle between an angle 2 and a duct piece convergence right side point-a total station-a duct piece vertical displacement point.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical solutions adopted by the present application to achieve the intended design objectives, the following preferred embodiments are provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the segment convergence displacement measurement method described in the present application includes the following stages:
1) And arrangement of monitoring points
Monitoring point arrangement is carried out after the tunnel shield segment assembly is completed, and the optimal time interval is within 24 hours;
when measuring points are arranged, a duct piece convergence left side point 5, a duct piece convergence right side point 6 and a duct piece vertical displacement point 7 are arranged in a plane which is axially vertical to the tunnel, and the duct piece vertical displacement point 7 is used for monitoring and judging the stability of the shield tunnel supporting structure so as to assist in measuring and calculating the duct piece convergence displacement;
2) Collecting initial value
Collecting an initial value of segment convergence immediately after the arrangement of the measuring points is finished;
centering and leveling the total station 2 vertically above the monitoring point 4;
respectively measuring the distance OB from the total station to the left convergence point of the duct piece, the distance OA from the total station to the vertical displacement point of the duct piece, and the included angle 1 between the left convergence point of the duct piece, the total station and the vertical displacement point of the duct piece by using the total station 2;
do tunnel axis direction plumb line through section of jurisdiction convergence left side point 5, do the perpendicular line of section of jurisdiction vertical displacement point 7 and total powerstation to the point line of meeting through section of jurisdiction convergence left side point 5 promptly, application trigonometric function calculates and obtains left side section of jurisdiction convergence initial value BD: l BD0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0
Respectively measuring a distance OC between the total station and a duct piece convergence right side point, a distance AC between the total station and a duct piece vertical displacement point, and an included angle 2 between the duct piece convergence right side point-the total station and the duct piece vertical displacement point by using the total station 2;
do tunnel axis direction plumb line through section of jurisdiction convergence right side point 6, do the perpendicular line of section of jurisdiction vertical displacement point 7 and total powerstation to the point line of putting through section of jurisdiction convergence right side point 6 promptly, application trigonometric function calculates and obtains right side section of jurisdiction convergence initial value CE: l CE0 ＝l OC0 sin∠2 0
The convergence initial values of the pipe pieces on the two sides are added to obtain the convergence initial value of the whole pipe piece, the expression is as follows,
l 0 ＝l BD0 +l CE0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0 +l OC0 sin∠2 0
measuring and calculating a tertiary segment convergence initial value according to the process, and taking the average value of the tertiary measurement values as the finally determined segment convergence initial value if the errors of the tertiary measurement values are within 1 mm; if the error of a certain measured value exceeds 1mm, rejecting the measured value, and taking values again until the errors of the three measured values are within 1mm, and taking the average value of the three measured values as the final determined segment convergence initial value;
further, comparing the calculated segment convergence measurement result with the distance BC between the segment convergence left side point and the segment convergence right side point, and verifying whether the connecting line of the tunnel segment convergence points is vertical to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel;
when the distance BC between the segment convergence left side point 5 and the segment convergence right side point 6 is equal to l 0 When the tunnel segment is in the longitudinal axial direction, the connecting line of the left and right convergence points of the tunnel segment is vertical to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel; if the distance BC between the left point 5 of the convergence of the duct piece and the right point 6 of the convergence of the duct piece is larger than l 0 And in the process, the connecting line of the point where the tunnel segments converge on the right side is not vertical to the longitudinal axial direction of the tunnel.
3) Headroom convergence monitoring
Finishing and recording the initial value of the convergence of the duct piece, and monitoring the clearance convergence according to the monitoring frequency specified by the relevant monitoring specification during the construction period of the tunnel engineering, wherein the optimal time interval is that the monitoring is carried out once every 24 hours;
specifically, an acquisition process which is the same as the initial value of the convergence of the duct piece is adopted;
when the nth tube sheet convergence value is measured, erecting a tripod 3 and a total station 2 at a monitoring point 4 and centering and leveling the total station 2;
use 2 measurements of total powerstation to obtain total powerstation and section of jurisdiction vertical displacement point distance OA, total powerstation and section of jurisdiction convergence left side point distance OB, section of jurisdiction convergence left side point-total powerstation-section of jurisdiction vertical displacement point contained angle 1, application trigonometric function calculates left side section of jurisdiction convergence BD: l BDn ＝l OBn sin∠1 n
Measuring by using a total station 2 to obtain a total station and segment vertical displacement point distance OA, a total station and segment convergence right side point distance OC, a segment convergence right side point-total station-segment vertical displacement point included angle 2, and calculating a right segment convergence value CE by using a trigonometric function: l. the CEn ＝l OCn sin∠2 n
The segment convergence measured value obtained from the nth measurement is in accordance with the following formula,
l n ＝l BDn +l CEn ＝l OBn sin∠1 n +l OCn sin∠2 n
comparing the calculated segment convergence measured value with a space BC between a segment convergence left side point and a segment convergence right side point;
if the distance BC between the left convergence point and the right convergence point of the duct piece is equal to l n Then, a connecting line of the convergence points of the tunnel segments is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the tunnel, and the space BC between the left convergence point of the segments and the right convergence point of the segments is the segment convergence value;
if the distance BC between the left convergence point and the right convergence point of the duct piece is not equal to l n If the connection line of the convergence points of the tunnel segments is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the tunnel, and the space BC between the left convergence point of the segments and the right convergence point of the segments is not the segment convergence value, the acquisition and calculation are measured again;
finally, the accumulated change of the segment convergence measured at the nth time is in accordance with the following formula, that is, the initial value is subtracted from the measured value at the nth time:
Vl accumulating ＝l n -l 0 ＝(l BDn sin∠1 n +l CEn sin∠2 n )-(l BD0 sin∠1 0 +l CE0 sin∠2 0 )
According to the actual engineering condition, comprehensively considering geology and hydrology in the construction area of the shield tunnel and parameters of a shield machine and segments to set a shield segment convergence displacement early warning value;
when the accumulated convergence variation of the duct piece measured for the nth time exceeds the early warning value, secondary grouting reinforcement measures are correspondingly adopted to adjust the parameters of the shield machine, so that the construction safety is ensured.
Similar technical solutions may be derived from the solutions given in the figures and the description, as described above. However, any embodiment that does not depart from the structure of the present invention is intended to be covered by the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A tube sheet convergence displacement measurement method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of (1),
1) Monitoring points are distributed;
monitoring points are distributed after the tunnel shield segments are assembled;
when measuring points are distributed, a duct piece convergence left side point, a duct piece convergence right side point and a duct piece vertical displacement point are distributed in a plane which is vertical to the tunnel in the axial direction;
2) Collecting an initial value;
collecting an initial value of segment convergence immediately after the arrangement of the measuring points is finished;
the method comprises the following steps of respectively measuring distance OB from a total station to a duct piece convergence left side point, distance OA from the total station to a duct piece vertical displacement point, a duct piece convergence left side point-total station-duct piece vertical displacement point included angle 1, making a tunnel axis direction plumb line through a duct piece convergence left side point, and calculating to obtain a left side duct piece convergence initial value BD through the following formula: l. the BD0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0 ；
The method comprises the following steps of respectively measuring a distance OC between the total station and a duct piece convergence right side point, a distance AC between the total station and a duct piece vertical displacement point, a duct piece convergence right side point-total station-duct piece vertical displacement point included angle 2, making a tunnel axis direction plumb line through the duct piece convergence right side point, and calculating to obtain a right side duct piece convergence initial value CE through the following formula: l. the CE0 ＝l OC0 sin∠2 0 ；
The convergence initial values of the pipe pieces on the two sides are added to obtain the convergence initial value of the whole pipe piece, the expression is as follows,
l 0 ＝l BD0 +l CE0 ＝l OB0 sin∠1 0 +l OC0 sin∠2 0
measuring and calculating a tertiary segment convergence initial value according to the flow, and taking an average value as the segment convergence initial value;
3) Monitoring clearance convergence;
during the tunnel construction, carrying out clearance convergence monitoring according to the monitoring frequency, wherein the monitoring is carried out at an optimal time interval every 24 hours;
adopting the same acquisition and calculation process as the initial value of the convergence of the duct piece;
the segment convergence measured value obtained by the nth measurement accords with the following formula l n ＝l BDn +l CEn ＝l OBn sin∠1 n +l OCn sin∠2 n ；
The accumulated variation of the segment convergence measured for the nth time is in accordance with the following formula, that is, the initial value is subtracted from the actual value measured for the nth time:
Vl accumulation ＝l n -l 0 ＝(l BDn sin∠1 n +l CEn sin∠2 n )-(l BD0 sin∠1 0 +l CE0 sin∠2 0 )。
2. The segment convergence displacement measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the monitoring point laying stage, the time interval for laying the monitoring points after the tunnel shield segments are assembled is 24 hours.
3. The segment convergence displacement measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and in the initial value acquisition stage, centering and leveling the total station above the vertical direction of the monitoring point.
4. The segment convergence displacement measuring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the initial value acquisition stage, if errors of measurement values of the three-time segment convergence initial value are within 1mm, taking the average value of the three-time measurement values as a finally determined segment convergence initial value;
and if the error of the measured value at a time exceeds 1mm, rejecting the measured value at the time, and taking the value again until the errors of the measured values at three times are all within 1mm, and taking the average value of the measured values at three times as the final determined segment convergence initial value.
5. The segment convergence displacement measurement method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the headroom convergence monitoring stage, the interval of headroom convergence monitoring according to the monitoring frequency is once every 24 hours.
6. The segment convergence displacement measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the clearance convergence monitoring stage, comparing a segment convergence measured value with a distance BC between a segment convergence left side point and a segment convergence right side point;
if the distance BC between the left convergence point of the duct piece and the right convergence point of the duct piece is equal to l n Then, a connecting line of the convergence points of the tunnel segments is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the tunnel, and the space BC between the left convergence point of the segments and the right convergence point of the segments is the segment convergence value;
if the distance BC between the left convergence point of the duct piece and the right convergence point of the duct piece is not equal to l n Then, the tunnel segment convergence point connecting line is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis direction of the tunnel, and the space BC between the segment convergence left side point and the segment convergence right side point is not the segment convergence value at this moment, and the convergence point shifts in the axial direction of the tunnel.
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