CN115162377A - Variable-section combined slide-resistant pile with upper part and lower part being circular and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Variable-section combined slide-resistant pile with upper part and lower part being circular and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115162377A CN115162377A CN202210903728.XA CN202210903728A CN115162377A CN 115162377 A CN115162377 A CN 115162377A CN 202210903728 A CN202210903728 A CN 202210903728A CN 115162377 A CN115162377 A CN 115162377A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/48—Piles varying in construction along their length, i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper part and a lower part being round and a construction method thereof, which are characterized in that; the pile body of the slide-resistant pile is divided into two parts, the cross section of the upper part is rectangular, and the cross section of the lower part is circular; the method is mainly applied to shallow-layer and medium-thick-layer landslides of a binary stratum structure with square upper parts and circular lower parts (upper and lower circles for short), piles with rectangular cross sections are manually excavated in the upper soil layer, and round hole anti-slide piles are mechanically excavated in the lower bedrock. The anti-slide pile penetrates through a landslide body or backfill soil and goes deep into a slide bed, is used for supporting and blocking the sliding force of the slide body, can effectively enhance the stability of a side slope, and is suitable for shallow-layer and medium-thick-layer landslides of an upper soil body and lower rock stratum (referred to as upper and lower rocks for short) binary stratum structure, embankments, earth and rock dams and other earth and rock filling bodies. The cross section of the upper part of the pile is rectangular, so that the anti-sliding performance of the pile is met, and the cross section of the lower part of the pile is circular, which is convenient for mechanical construction, and has the advantages of construction safety, convenience and anti-sliding stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper part and a lower part being round and a construction method thereof.
Background
The slope is easy to lose stability under the superposition action of factors such as heavy rainfall, unloading cracks, weathering denudation and earthquake, natural landslide is caused, landslide such as embankments, earth and stone dams and the like formed by factors such as weak strata, steep slope sections, river scouring, catchment behind the slope, insufficient retaining engineering, influence of old landslide, poor construction quality, over-steep fill slope rate and the like when the natural environment is reformed by human beings are spread around reservoirs, roads, railways and towns, the slope has the advantages of emergencies and large destructive power, the life safety of people is greatly threatened, and the development of social economy in the area is restricted.
The anti-slide pile has the advantages of strong anti-slide capability, good supporting and retaining effect, flexible pile arrangement position, small disturbance to the landslide and the like, is the most main method for managing the landslide at present, and has two types of rectangular and circular sections. The rectangular cross-section slide-resistant pile has better stress, low manufacturing cost and good slide-resistant effect, but the construction method is mainly manual construction, has large potential safety hazard, is difficult to excavate at hard rock and has construction limitation; the round section slide-resistant pile mainly adopts machine drilling, is convenient to construct, can effectively anchor the slide-resistant pile in bedrock, has high construction safety, but has limited bearing of sliding-resistant thrust. Therefore, from the actual engineering, it is of practical significance to develop a novel slide-resistant pile which can simultaneously take the advantages of construction safety, good sliding resistance and the like into consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the problems of weak anti-skid stress performance of a round anti-skid pile, large construction safety risk and slow construction progress of a square anti-skid pile, the invention provides a variable cross-section combined anti-skid pile (shown in figure 1) with an upper part and a lower part being round and a construction method thereof, aiming at integrating the advantages of the traditional cross-section anti-skid pile and ensuring the construction safety and anti-skid performance.
The invention is realized in such a way that a variable cross-section combined anti-slide pile with an upper part and a lower part which are round is constructed, and the invention is characterized in that; the pile body of the slide-resistant pile is divided into two parts, the cross section of the upper part is rectangular, and the cross section of the lower part is circular; the method is mainly applied to shallow-layer and medium-thick-layer landslides of a binary stratum structure with square upper parts and circular lower parts (upper part and lower part for short), piles with rectangular sections are excavated manually in the upper soil layer, and round hole anti-slide piles are excavated mechanically in the lower bedrock.
The variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part being round is characterized in that the upper part and the lower part are round; the value range of the ratio a/b of the long side a and the short side b of the cross section of the square pile at the upper part of the slide-resistant pile is 1.2-1.5, and the diameter D of the circular section at the lower part is equal to the short side b of the square pile.
The variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part being round is characterized in that the upper part and the lower part are round; the section of the rectangular square pile at the upper part of the anti-slide pile is divided into two parts, namely, the part above the ground and the part below the ground: (1) The height above the ground is h1 and is not more than 25m, and the value range of the depth below the ground is 2-4 m; (2) The section embedding depth h3 of the lower round pile of the combined anti-slide pile is 5-15 m; the total length H of the slide-resistant pile is not higher than 35m.
The variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part being round is characterized in that the upper part and the lower part are round; manually excavating square piles with the depth of 2-4 m; cutting the outline of a round pile (round vertical shaft) at the bottom of the square foundation pit by adopting a mechanical hole forming mode according to the designed size of the round pile; placing the reinforcement cage into the circular vertical shaft, and pouring concrete; the above-ground square pile is formed by erecting a formwork by adopting a wood formwork and pouring concrete at one time.
The variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part being round is characterized in that the upper part and the lower part are round; the method is suitable for landslides of shallow layers and medium-thick layers of upper-soil-lower-rock binary stratum structures, the thickness range of an upper soil layer is larger than 2m, and h2 is equal to the thickness of the soil layer when the thickness of the soil layer is larger than 2m and smaller than 4m; when the thickness of the layer is more than 4m, taking h2 as 4m; the pile column penetrates through the sliding slope body and goes deep into the sliding bed, and the distance between the anti-sliding piles is 3-5 times of the pile diameter (middle centering). The total length H of the slide-resistant pile is not higher than 35m. The type of the anti-slide pile belongs to a cantilever anti-slide pile and is formed by a reinforcement cage and formwork cast-in-place concrete.
A construction method of a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper part and a lower part being round is characterized in that; the construction process comprises the following steps: the type of the anti-slide pile belongs to a cantilever anti-slide pile and is formed by a reinforcement cage and formwork cast-in-place concrete. Excavating a square pile foundation pit on the ground by adopting a manual excavation mode according to the designed square pile size, wherein the excavation depth is h2, and the depth of the foundation pit is not more than 4m; a round pile foundation pit is excavated in the square pile by adopting machinery, wherein the diameter of the round pile foundation pit is equal to the short side of the rectangular foundation pit; placing corresponding reinforcement cages in the foundation pit according to the designed reinforcements; the square pile above the ground is supported by a wood template, and the whole anti-slide pile is formed into a whole by pouring concrete once.
The invention has the following advantages: in order to solve the problems that a round slide-resistant pile is weak in anti-sliding stress performance and a square manual hole digging slide-resistant pile is low in construction safety risk and construction progress, the invention provides a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper square part and a lower round part and a construction method thereof. The slide-resistant pile penetrates through a landslide body or backfill soil and goes deep into a slide bed, is used for supporting and blocking the sliding force of the slide body, can effectively enhance the stability of a side slope, and is suitable for shallow-layer and medium-thick-layer landslides of an upper soil body and a lower rock stratum (referred to as upper and lower rocks) binary stratum structure and earth and rock filling bodies such as embankments, earth and rock dams and the like. The cross section of the upper part of the pile is rectangular, so that the anti-sliding performance of the pile is met, and the cross section of the lower part of the pile is circular, which is convenient for mechanical construction, and has the advantages of construction safety, convenience and anti-sliding stability. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) Firstly, manually excavating square piles with the depth of 2-4 m on the ground according to the size of the designed square piles; (2) Cutting the outline of a round pile (round vertical shaft) at the bottom of the square foundation pit by adopting a mechanical hole forming mode according to the designed size of the round pile; (3) Placing the reinforcement cage into the circular vertical shaft, and pouring concrete; (4) The above-ground square pile is completed by adopting a wood template to support a formwork and pouring concrete at one time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rectangular cross section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a circular cross-section;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view at a variable cross-section interface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variable cross-section slide-resistant pile arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a shear force comparison diagram of the embedded sections of the anti-slide pile with the upper part and the lower part being circular and variable cross sections and the rectangular pile;
FIG. 7 is a bending moment comparison graph of the embedded section of the anti-slide pile with the upper part and the lower part being round and the rectangular pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper part and a lower part being round through improvement and a construction method.
This can be implemented as follows;
the structure is characterized in that: FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile, which is divided into three parts, namely an above-ground rectangular cross-section pile, an below-ground rectangular cross-section pile and a lower circular cross-section pile, wherein the heights of the piles are h 1 、h 2 And h 3 Wherein h is 1 Not more than 25m, h 2 The value range is 2-4m, h 3 The value range is 5-15 m, and the total length H of the slide-resistant pile is not more than 35m; FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 1, which is a rectangular sectional view of the upper portion of the slide-resistant pile, wherein the value range of the ratio a/b between the long side a and the short side b is 1.2-1.5; fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in fig. 1, i.e., a circular cross-sectional view of the lower portion of the slide-resistant pile, the diameter D of which is equal to the short side b of the rectangle in fig. 2; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the variable cross-section interface of FIG. 1. The distance between piles is 3-5 times of the diameter of the piles (middle centering).
The construction process comprises the following steps: the anti-slide pile belongs to a cantilever anti-slide pile and is formed by casting concrete on a reinforcement cage and a support formwork in situ. Excavating a square pile foundation pit on the ground in a manual excavation mode according to the designed square pile size, wherein the excavation depth is h 2 The depth of the foundation pit is not more than 4m; a round pile foundation pit is dug in the square pile mechanically, wherein the diameter of the round pile foundation pit is equal to the short side of the rectangular foundation pit, and a schematic diagram of an interface of the round pile foundation pit is shown in an attached figure 4; placing corresponding reinforcement cages in the foundation pit according to the designed reinforcements; pile adoption above groundAnd (3) erecting a formwork by using a wood formwork, and pouring concrete into the whole anti-slide pile at one time to form a whole.
The application range is as follows: the anti-slide pile penetrates through the landslide body, the pile column penetrates into the sliding bed to support and block the sliding force of the sliding body, the slope stability can be effectively enhanced, the anti-slide pile is suitable for landslides of shallow layers and medium and thick layers of a dual stratum structure of upper and lower rocks, the thickness range of an upper soil layer is larger than 2m, and when the thickness of the soil layer is larger than 2m and smaller than 4m, h is smaller than 4m 2 Equal to the thickness of soil layer, when the thickness of soil layer is more than 4m, h 2 Take 4m.
The invention integrates the advantages of the rectangular cross-section slide-resistant pile and the circular cross-section slide-resistant pile, has better stress and good slide-resistant effect of the slide-resistant pile, ensures that the manual excavation is only 2-4 m, has safe construction, adopts machine drilling on the circular cross section, has convenient and quick construction, can effectively anchor the slide-resistant pile in bedrock, is suitable for treating various landslides, embankments, earth and rockfill dams and the like, has the cost far lower than that of various traditional slide-resistant piles under the condition of meeting the required slide-resistant thrust and maximizes the material value.
And (3) stress analysis: the anti-slide pile is arranged at the front edge of the landslide body, a section of slide surface near the front edge is nearly horizontal, the slide body above the slide surface is gravely weathered conglomerate and mudstone, and is in a soil shape, and the surface layer is covered by loess; the sliding bed is gravels, shale and mudstone with serious weathering, and can be considered as a compact soil layer, and the physical and mechanical indexes of the landslide are as follows: the volume weight of the landslide mass is 18.6kN/m 3 The adhesive force is 0, the internal friction angle is 30 degrees, and the bulk density of the sliding surface is 18.6kN/m 3 The bonding force is 0, and the internal friction angle is 42.5 degrees. The foundation coefficient at the sliding surface adopts A =78543kN/m 3 The proportional coefficient of the foundation coefficient of the sliding bed soil changing along with the depth adopts m =39227kN/m 4 The thickness of a sliding body near the pile position is 10.0m, and the landslide thrust E =1176.8kN/m. The variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part rounded is supposed to be adopted, C30 concrete is adopted as a material, the elastic modulus E =30GPa, the rectangular cross section of the pile is 2m multiplied by 3m, the diameter D =2m of the circular cross section, and the pile spacing is 5m. The specific scheme is shown in figure 5: fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variable cross-section slide-resistant pile arrangement.
In the stable ground bed is buried to the stake, regard whole pile body as the rigid body, with boundary condition: pile bottom shearing force Q h =0, pile bottom bending moment M h ＝0。
Obtaining the depth of each pile body:
shearing force:
bending moment:
solved according to the boundary conditions
In the formula: a-coefficient of resistance to elasticity of foundation at slip plane (kN/m) 3 )
m-the coefficient of the lateral foundation of the pile changes with the depth to obtain a proportionality coefficient which can be obtained by experiments (kN/m) 4 )
Q0, M0-shear force and bending moment (kN, kN. M) at sliding surface 3 )
h-total length of pile body extending below sliding surface (m)
y-depth (m) of pile below sliding surface
y 0 -depth (m) of pile body rotation center point below sliding surface
Substituting the rock-soil parameters into a formula to calculate: FIG. 6 is a graph showing a comparison of shearing force between the upper round anti-slide pile and the lower round anti-slide pile with variable cross section and the rectangular pile embedded section, FIG. 7 is a graph showing a comparison of bending moment between the upper round anti-slide pile and the lower round anti-slide pile with variable cross section and the rectangular pile embedded section,
the calculation shows that the stress of the variable cross-section slide-resistant pile is not much different from that of the rectangular pile except for slight stress concentration at the cross-section change position, and the stress is better in the bending moment level. The variable cross-section slide-resistant pile with the upper part and the lower part being round is proved to be reasonably feasible in mechanics.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A variable cross-section combined anti-slide pile with an upper part and a lower part which are round is characterized in that; the pile body of the slide-resistant pile is divided into two parts, the cross section of the upper part is rectangular, and the cross section of the lower part is circular; the method is mainly applied to shallow-layer and medium-thick-layer landslides of a binary stratum structure with square upper parts and circular lower parts (upper part and lower part for short), piles with rectangular sections are excavated manually in the upper soil layer, and round hole anti-slide piles are excavated mechanically in the lower bedrock.
2. The combined slide-resistant pile with variable cross section of the upper circle and the lower circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein; the value range of the ratio a/b of the long side a and the short side b of the cross section of the square pile at the upper part of the slide-resistant pile is 1.2-1.5, and the diameter D of the circular section at the lower part is equal to the short side b of the square pile.
3. The combined slide-resistant pile with variable cross section of the upper circle and the lower circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein; the section of the rectangular square pile at the upper part of the anti-slide pile is divided into two parts, namely, the part above the ground and the part below the ground: (1) The height above the ground is h1 and is not more than 25m, and the value range of the depth below the ground is 2-4 m; (2) The section embedding depth h3 of the lower round pile of the combined anti-slide pile is 5-15 m; the total length H of the slide-resistant pile is not higher than 35m.
4. The combined slide-resistant pile with variable cross section of the upper circle and the lower circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein; manually excavating square piles with the depth of 2-4 m; cutting a circular pile outline (a circular vertical shaft) at the bottom of the square foundation pit according to the designed circular pile size by adopting a mechanical hole forming mode; placing the reinforcement cage into the round vertical shaft, and pouring concrete; the above-ground square pile is completed by adopting a wood template to support a formwork and pouring concrete at one time.
5. The combined slide-resistant pile with variable cross section of the upper circle and the lower circle as claimed in claim 1, wherein; the method is suitable for landslides of shallow layers and medium-thick layers of upper-soil-lower-rock binary stratum structures, the thickness range of an upper soil layer is larger than 2m, and h2 is equal to the thickness of the soil layer when the thickness of the soil layer is larger than 2m and smaller than 4m; when the thickness of the layer is more than 4m, taking h2 as 4m; the pile column penetrates through the sliding slope body and goes deep into the sliding bed, and the distance between the anti-sliding piles is 3-5 times of the pile diameter (middle centering). The total length H of the slide-resistant pile is not higher than 35m. The type of the anti-slide pile belongs to a cantilever anti-slide pile and is formed by a reinforcement cage and formwork cast-in-place concrete.
6. A construction method of a variable cross-section combined slide-resistant pile with an upper part and a lower part being round is characterized in that; the construction process comprises the following steps: the type of the anti-slide pile belongs to a cantilever anti-slide pile and is formed by a reinforcement cage and formwork cast-in-place concrete. Excavating a square pile foundation pit on the ground by adopting a manual excavation mode according to the designed square pile size, wherein the excavation depth is h2, and the depth of the foundation pit is not more than 4m; a round pile foundation pit is excavated in the square pile by adopting machinery, wherein the diameter of the round pile foundation pit is equal to the short side of the rectangular foundation pit; placing corresponding reinforcement cages in the foundation pit according to the designed reinforcements; the square pile above the ground is supported by a wood template, and the whole anti-slide pile is formed into a whole by pouring concrete once.
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