CN108166509A - A kind of longitudinally spaced excavation of slope construction and protection construction method stage by stage - Google Patents
A kind of longitudinally spaced excavation of slope construction and protection construction method stage by stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108166509A CN108166509A CN201711364613.3A CN201711364613A CN108166509A CN 108166509 A CN108166509 A CN 108166509A CN 201711364613 A CN201711364613 A CN 201711364613A CN 108166509 A CN108166509 A CN 108166509A
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- slope
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- side slope
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the longitudinally spaced excavations and protection construction method stage by stage of a kind of slope construction, sequentially follow the steps below：1) it along the longitudinally spaced excavation of roadbed, forms reserved part soil body A and excavates the spaced apart pattern in part；2) part is excavated to carry out according to top-down sequence；3) rapid after the completion of excavating to carry out protection works construction, protection should excavate primary protection level-one, 4) will leave and take the part top-down sequences of soil body A carries out classification excavation；5) protection works construction is carried out immediately after the completion of every grade of excavation, seam crossing does not process.Side slope of the present invention longitudinally excavates reserved soil body A and is used for back-pressure slope foot, by back-pressure slope foot and the mutual embedding sliding force for being constructed for bearing the soil body of the soil body so that a kind of passive force type retaining structure that deformable body is stabilized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to slope excavatings and protection technology field, and in particular to a kind of excavation construction method of side slope is applicable in
In the high slope of soft soil-slope, plaster rock side slope, area of heavy rainfull by the variation of rainwater effect soil property greatly.
Background technology
The destruction of side slope：Refer to slopes and occur larger displacement with certain speed, slope rock mass, the soil body generate whole sliding
Dynamic, rolling or rotation.
For slope project, consequence of failure caused by damage is possible has very much, such as：Jeopardize the life of people, make
Into economic loss, social harmful effect is generated.
The excavation of side slope and the major issue that protection is mountain highway, railway construction, water conservancy and hydropower exploitation and urban construction.
Although country and place all put into huge manpower and materials to administer every year, the traffic because caused by having an accident side slope is obstructed in
Disconnected, river blocks, to Reservoir region and city, rural area bring harm be still it is huge, caused by lose it is still very huge
Greatly.
Current general digging mode has lateral excavation, longitudinal direction excavation and ground settlement and tunnel, the foundation of selection only to consider excavation area
The length and depth in domain, are not involved with sequence of excavation impact on slope stability.And different sequence of excavation, road can be caused
The difference of counter-pressure changing rule at moat side slope slope foot, so as to bury the security risk on landslide.During construction about protection works
Machine and sequence are also very big to the stability influence of side slope during excavation.
In road engineering in a mountainous area construction, it is often necessary to original (natural) ground is constructing roadbed or road surface by excavating, this
Kind roadbed is known as cutting, and the side slope that excavating cut slope is formed is known as cut slope.Cut slope is through excavating the artificial side formed
Slope, that excavates Unloading Deformation lasts dynamic and the dynamic change of rule and side slope environmental background factor, to stable slope
State has obvious action and influence, and embodies specific Aging Characteristic.
Cut slope is the important component of road engineering, and the unstable failure of side slope directly endangers and threatens traffic operation
Unimpeded and public safety.
The expressway construction in mountain area inevitably meets with a large amount of deeply-excavated cuts and high-filled embankment slope project,
Side slope fails with landslide accident as one of focus in Highway Construction in Mountainous Area and difficult point.In addition, railway, the energy, mine,
Water conservancy construction engineering field all inevitably meets with a large amount of high gradient slope and deep concave edge slope, and the success or failure of these slope projects are
One of factor of entire engineering construction success or failure is restricted through becoming.
Landslide is considered always endangering together with earthquake, flood, disease four big disasters of human survival and development.Landslide
Be sufficiently complex dynamic process, relate in one aspect to mechanics and the material internal factor of ground composition, on the other hand by
Topography and geomorphology, geologic structure type compositing characteristic, and influenced with complicated external factor such as the influences of environment.Rainfall is especially
Heavy showers, the influence of heavy rain directly influence the stability of side slope.
During construction and excavation, due to no special protection, and influenced by rain factor, be easy to cause rain
The generation for the large area that comes down when season excavates.Side slope slump when especially rainy season excavates in digging process in order to prevent, it is proposed that
Compartment digging mode, remaining soils back-pressure slope foot form counter-pressure.
Just there are ratio of slope method and loss of weight design, height and slope by the control side slope of reasonable design in the design of side slope
Degree, so as to ensure the slope stability after construction；It is preloading with the corresponding another technology of off-load in Landslide Treatment technology
Anti-skid technology, it be by anti-skid section of (generally in the lower part on the landslide) preloading on landslide improving the anti-skid power on landslide so that
Landslide is in stable method.The patented method improves the anti-skid power on landslide so that landslide is in steady similar to slope foot preloading
It is fixed.
For a natural slopes before excavation Unloading Effect is not affected by, crustal stress is certain value, is made by off-load is excavated
With rear, slopes will generate stress release and adjustment.Cutting Excavation of Expressway causes slopes to be in unloading condition.During Slope excavation,
Slopes internal stress is readjusted in a certain range during rebuilding new mechanical balance system, and forming new slopes should
The field of force.There is stresses re-distribution and stress concentration effect phenomenon near the lateral free face of slopes in new stress field, and is excavating
Expanding rebound on free face direction, the stresses re-distribution and the expansion springback process of slopes free face in slopes are wanted to contact,
Slopes undergo digging process, and stress state is adjusted by natural strain condition to new stress field.Slope excavating, which belongs to, laterally to be unloaded
Lotus acts on, and stress release, which generates relaxation deformation, causes slope instability to destroy.
Invention content
The problem of for background technology, excavation and protection the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of slope construction
Method, the longitudinally spaced excavation of side slope of the application is safe and reliable with means of defence stage by stage, and clear principle, construction technology is simple,
Operating method is ripe, and safety and economic benefit are huge, the problem of for efficiently against background technology.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of longitudinally spaced excavation of side slope and protection construction method stage by stage, which is characterized in that sequentially follow the steps below：
1) it along the longitudinally spaced excavation of roadbed, leaves and takes part soil body A and does not excavate, form reserved part soil body A and excavate part
Spaced apart pattern；
2) part is excavated to carry out according to top-down sequence, if slope height is equal to or more than 20m, classification is excavated,
Classification height is 8m to 10m according to every grade of step height of specification, and step width is 2m to 3m, if slope height is more than the side of 30m
The step of 4m to 6m is stayed on slope at middle part, and digging process side slope ratio of slope m is controlled, and slope gradient m meets soil-slope：1:
1~1:1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:0.5~
1:0.75；
3) rapid after the completion of excavating to carry out protection works construction, protection should excavate primary protection level-one,
4) the part top-down sequences of soil body A will be left and taken and carry out classification excavation, if slope height is equal to or more than 20m
When, classification is excavated, and classification height is 8m~10m according to every grade of step height of specification, and step width is 2m~3m, is highly more than
The side slope of 30m stays the step of 4~6m at middle part, and digging process side slope ratio of slope m is controlled, and slope gradient m meets soil property side
Slope：1:1~1:1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:
0.5~1:0.75；
5) protection works construction is carried out immediately after the completion of every grade of excavation, seam crossing does not process.
The construction of gravity cover can be used in protection works construction, plant growing protection slope is squirted in Anchored frame beam or for rack plating zinc
A method of selecting in the protection of iron wire grass planting on net or friction pile, grouting and anchor pole protection is constructed.
The gravity cover work progress is as follows, removes side slope slumping block first, then according to design side slope backfill rubble
Dank materials are waited, and are fully compacted, on the slope step excavation, step reaches 3m width as far as possible, step tendency roadbed
Horizontal slope is 4%, is then laid with anti-filter geotextiles in bottom surface, and longitudinal direction is also wanted step excavation and is laid with anti-at gravity cover terminus
Geotextiles are filtered, then by spreading 15cm thickness plain concrete layers in two level Slope foot plate surface, charge for remittance in slopes is drained into side slope and is put down
Platform semi-circular tube, then filler backfill to form gravity cover.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Side slope longitudinally excavates reserved soil body A and is used for back-pressure slope foot, is used by mutual embedding make of back-pressure slope foot and the soil body
To bear the sliding force of the soil body so that a kind of passive force type retaining structure that deformable body is stabilized.Remaining soils soil layer knot
Structure is not destroyed like stake bottom is embedded in soil layer.
Description of the drawings
One of longitudinally spaced excavation construction processes of Fig. 1.
The two of the longitudinally spaced excavation construction processes of Fig. 2.
The three of the longitudinally spaced excavation construction processes of Fig. 3.
The four of the longitudinally spaced excavation construction processes of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is Taylor analysis method chart one.
Fig. 6 is Taylor analysis method chart two.
Fig. 7 is the cross-section diagram of gravity cover.
Specific embodiment
The present invention technical solution be：A kind of longitudinally spaced excavation of side slope and protection construction method stage by stage, it is special
Sign is to include the following steps：
1) (side slope can also be excavated level-one using longitudinally spaced excavate from top to bottom before alternation excavation, such as schemed
1st, 2) mode excavates the soil body and is excavated to design position, leave and take part soil body A and do not excavate (reservation), for back-pressure slope foot (side slope
Having in the control measure of deformation failure reduces sliding force, increases skid resistance；It chops off the head the principle of presser feet).
Soil body alternation excavation length, that is, slope toe excavation length a is up to nxH,nxValue can be according to ndAnd α is checked in by Fig. 5, Fig. 6,
Wherein, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, comes from《Soil Mechanics and Soil Science》Chapter 8, the Stability of Earth Slopes of slope stability analysis third section cohesive soil
The Monolithic Stability Analysis in the circular slip of earth slope face of analysis -- the analysis method of Taylor.
Top of the slope excavation length 2Hm+nx(m is equal to the M in Fig. 5, case-insensitive to H.Excavation can also be classified, according to
Unloading plat width adjustment top of the slope excavation length).
2) part being excavated to carry out according to top-down sequence, when slope height is equal to or more than 20m, classification is excavated, point
Grade height is 8m to 10m according to every grade of step height of specification, and step (unloading plat) width is 2m to 3m, highly more than 30m's
Side slope, stays the Wide Worktable of 4m to 6m at middle part, and when excavation should strictly control slope gradient m, soil-slope：1:1~1:
1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:0.5~1:
0.75。
3) rapid after the completion of excavating to carry out protection works construction, protection should excavate primary protection level-one.Gravity cover can be used
Surface construction (can also be carried out squirting in Anchored frame beam according to requirement of engineering plant growing protection slope or for hang the protection of galvanized wire mesh grass planting,
Or friction pile, grouting and anchor pole protection), gravity cover work progress is as follows：
1. removing side slope slumping block first, then according to dank materials such as design side slope backfill rubbles, and fully it is compacted,
Side slope stability is kept using the gravity of backfilling material itself, with reference to figure 7.It 2. should step excavation on the slope before backfill
001, step reaches 3m width as far as possible, and the horizontal slope of step tendency roadbed is 4%, anti-filter geotextiles is laid in bottom surface, in gravity
Longitudinal direction also wants step excavation and is laid with anti-filter geotextiles 002 at cover terminus, to meet lateral stability of slope and drainage requirement.
3. by spreading 15cm thickness plain concrete layer 003 in two level Slope foot plate surface, charge for remittance in slopes is drained into plain stage of slope semi-circular tube
004.4. filler backfills, maximum particle diameter≤30cm of 005 backfilling material of gravity cover is formed, and maximum particle diameter is no more than layering and presses
The 2/3 of real thickness.
All constructions for excavating part are completed stage by stage.
4) with it is all excavation part complete after, by it is remaining leave and take the part top-down sequences of soil body A carry out classification open
Dig, if slope height be equal to or more than 20m, classification height according to every grade of step height of specification be 8m~10m, step (off-load
Platform) width is 2m~3m, the highly side slope more than 30m, stays the Wide Worktable of 4~6m at middle part, when excavation, copes with slope gradient
M is strictly controlled, soil-slope：1:1~1:1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~
1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:0.5~1:0.75.
5) progress gravity cover construction immediately is excavated after the completion for every grade, gravity cover constructs section with reference to figure 7.Gravity cover
Seam crossing does not process, in case side slope destroys gravity cover when generating differential settlement.1. side slope slumping block is removed first, then
It according to dank materials such as design side slope backfill rubbles, and is fully compacted, side is kept using the gravity of backfilling material itself
Slope stability.2. step excavation 001, step should reach 3m width as far as possible on the slope before backfill, step 001 is inclined to road
The horizontal slope of base is 4%, is laid with anti-filter geotextiles 002 in bottom surface, step excavation and paving are also wanted in longitudinal direction at gravity cover terminus
If anti-filter geotextiles 002, to meet lateral stability of slope and drainage requirement.It is 3. thick by spreading 15cm in two level Slope foot plate surface
Charge for remittance in slopes is drained into plain stage of slope semi-circular tube 004 by plain concrete layer 003.4. filler backfills, gravity cover 005 is formed,
Maximum particle diameter≤30cm of backfilling material, and maximum particle diameter is no more than the 2/3 of compaction in layers thickness.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the model of the present invention
It encloses and is defined, under the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, various changes of the relevant technical staff in the field to the present invention
Shape and improvement should all expand as determined by claims of the present invention in protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of longitudinally spaced excavation of side slope and protection construction method stage by stage, which is characterized in that sequentially follow the steps below：
1) it along the longitudinally spaced excavation of roadbed, leaves and takes part soil body A and does not excavate, form reserved part soil body A and excavate part interval
The pattern of arrangement；
2) it excavates part to carry out according to top-down sequence, if slope height is equal to or more than 20m, classification is excavated, classification
Height is 8m to 10m according to every grade of step height of specification, and step width is 2m to 3m, if slope height is more than the side slope of 30m,
The step of 4m to 6m is stayed at middle part, and digging process side slope ratio of slope m is controlled, and slope gradient m meets soil-slope：1:1~1:
1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:0.5~1:
0.75；
3) rapid after the completion of excavating to carry out protection works construction, protection should excavate primary protection level-one,
4) the part top-down sequences of soil body A will be left and taken and carry out classification excavation, if slope height is equal to or more than 20m, point
Grade is excavated, and classification height is 8m~10m according to every grade of step height of specification, and step width is 2m~3m, the highly side more than 30m
The step of 4~6m is stayed on slope at middle part, and digging process side slope ratio of slope m is controlled, and slope gradient m meets soil-slope：1:1
~1:1.5；Soil-like material slope：1:1~1:1.5；Strong-weathered rock side slope：1:0.75~1:1；Weak-weathered rock side slope：1:0.5~1:
0.75；
5) protection works construction is carried out immediately after the completion of every grade of excavation, seam crossing does not process.
2. the longitudinally spaced excavation of a kind of side slope according to claim 1 and protection construction method stage by stage, which is characterized in that
The protection works construction uses gravity cover to construct, plant growing protection slope is squirted in Anchored frame beam or to hang galvanized wire mesh grass planting
A method of selecting in protection or friction pile, grouting and anchor pole protection is constructed.
3. the longitudinally spaced excavation of a kind of side slope according to claim 2 and protection construction method stage by stage, which is characterized in that
The gravity cover work progress is as follows, removes side slope slumping block first, then according to water penetrations such as design side slope backfill rubbles
Material, and be fully compacted, step excavation, step reach 3m width as far as possible on the slope, and the horizontal slope of step tendency roadbed is
4%, anti-filter geotextiles then are laid in bottom surface, longitudinal direction also wants step excavation and is laid with anti-filter geotechnique at gravity cover terminus
Charge for remittance in slopes then by spreading 15cm thickness plain concrete layers in two level Slope foot plate surface, is drained into plain stage of slope semicircle by cloth
Pipe, then filler backfills to form gravity cover.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110222944A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-10 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | A kind of ground matter slope excavating method based on rainfall intensity |
| CN113174956A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-27 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Method for reinforcing wind-blown sand high-steep slope construction platform and wind-blown sand high-steep slope structure |
| CN114658079A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Dumping yard waste soil stacking method based on rain intensity |
| CN115094907A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-23 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Layered sectional type upright self-stabilizing enclosure structure and construction method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110222944A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-10 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | A kind of ground matter slope excavating method based on rainfall intensity |
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| CN113174956A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-27 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Method for reinforcing wind-blown sand high-steep slope construction platform and wind-blown sand high-steep slope structure |
| CN114658079A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Dumping yard waste soil stacking method based on rain intensity |
| CN114658079B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-08-29 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Method for stacking waste soil in dumping site based on rain intensity |
| CN115094907A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-23 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Layered sectional type upright self-stabilizing enclosure structure and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20180615 |