CN115162270B - Box-type slope protection structural unit and application thereof - Google Patents
Box-type slope protection structural unit and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115162270B CN115162270B CN202210996539.1A CN202210996539A CN115162270B CN 115162270 B CN115162270 B CN 115162270B CN 202210996539 A CN202210996539 A CN 202210996539A CN 115162270 B CN115162270 B CN 115162270B
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- cover plate
- slope protection
- protection structure
- slope
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
Abstract
A box slope protection structure unit comprises a cover plate and side plates, wherein a hard structure is adopted, and the cover plate and the side plates enclose a box frame; the cover plates are arranged in a staggered manner, and a soil filling channel is reserved on the box-shaped frame; the cover plate is provided with an opening which is used as a channel for plant growth, biological activity and irrigation water flow in the box-type frame; the bottom of the box-shaped frame is hollow and is used as a biological activity and drainage channel. The invention also discloses application of the box-type slope protection structure unit. According to the invention, the safety, the protection capability and the soil protection effect of the structure are ensured by wrapping the hard structure outside and increasing the protection form outside, so that the ecological conservation function of the revetment is improved. The structure of the invention can be prefabricated in batches and assembled, and has high construction efficiency, good effect and low construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy water transport and beach repair engineering, and relates to a structure suitable for coast protection and ecological repair.
Background
In river course, beach protection and dyke engineering, when domatic receives rivers, wave effect, traditional concrete material's slope protection structure can play effectual guard action, but the structure lacks biological matrix, and ecological friendly nature is relatively poor, does not accord with current ecological dyke design theory.
The existing ecological slope protection structures such as grass planting bricks, box gabions, grass planting box structures and the like are mainly used for slow flow and low wave action areas due to limited structural strength, or soil matrix loss on the slope protection is easily caused under the action of water flow and waves, so that ecological effects are reduced.
Therefore, there is an objective need to develop a slope protection structure: has enough strength to resist the action of wind waves and water flow; but also can realize the protection of biological matrix and provide proper living space and activity channel for living things.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slope protection structure and application thereof, which solve the problems that the traditional concrete slope protection structure is poor in ecological effect, soil mass matrix of the traditional ecological slope protection structure is easy to run off, and plants are easy to drown.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a slope protection structure unit comprises a cover plate and side plates, adopts a hard structure, and improves structural strength against the action of wind waves and water flow; the cover plates are arranged in a staggered manner, and soil filling channels of the box-shaped frames are reserved, so that the front structure and the rear structure are meshed and overlapped, a biting force is formed under the action of dead weight, the integrity of the slope protection is improved, the slope protection is adapted to uneven settlement deformation of the embankment body, and the structural safety is ensured; the cover plate is provided with holes, and plant growth and biological activity channels in the box-shaped structure are reserved; no bottom plate sets up, reserves the inside drainage of bottom biological channel and box structure, promotes biological survival rate, and the plant can be from the structure in through the hole growth on the apron to the structure top.
Furthermore, the box-type slope protection structure unit comprises a cover plate and side plates, wherein a hard structure is adopted, and the cover plate and the side plates enclose a box-type frame; the cover plates are arranged in a staggered manner, and a soil filling channel is reserved on the box-shaped frame; the cover plate is provided with an opening which is used as a channel for plant growth, biological activity and irrigation water flow in the box-type frame; the bottom of the box-shaped frame is hollow and is used as a biological activity and drainage channel.
Optionally, the box frame is a cuboid inner space formed by connecting four side plates, the length and width of the cover plate are similar to those of the cuboid, the cover plate is arranged above the cuboid inner space in a staggered manner, one end shields part of the inner space to form a top reserved gap, and the other end extends out to form an eave structure.
Optionally, the cover plate is provided with a plurality of holes for reserving plant growth, biological activity and irrigation water flow channels.
Optionally, the cover plate is provided with a vertical wave-dissipating structure to increase wave-dissipating effect and shield the cover plate behind the cover plate, so that soil in the hole is prevented from being washed away by strong wind wave water flow and lost.
Optionally, the wave attenuating structure is in the form of a plate or a post.
Optionally, the wave attenuating structure is in the form of a continuous or intermittent plate.
Alternatively, the continuous slab form adopts a wave wall structure.
Optionally, the columnar form adopts a masonry strip structure.
Optionally, the contour side length of the box-type slope protection structure unit is 0.5-2.5 m, and the height is 0.5-1.0 m; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the total open area of the cover plate is determined according to the structural safety under the wave water flow load, and is not less than 10%; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the thickness of the side plate is determined according to the integral dimension and the structural strength of the structure, and is 0.3-0.5 m; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the length of the reserved gap is equal to the structural dimension, and the width is 1/4-1/5 of the side length of the structure; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the radius of the hole is not smaller than the minimum adaptive growth radius of the selected species; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the number of holes is set according to the total open area of the cover plate.
The application of the box type slope protection structural unit comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of (1) finishing a dike body, and leveling the outer slope of the dike body according to the designed slope ratio;
step 2: paving a bottom cushion layer, wherein the bottom cushion layer consists of a non-woven geotextile and a crushed stone cushion layer, the non-woven geotextile is paved on a slope of a dike body which is finished according to requirements, and the crushed stone cushion layer is paved on the non-woven geotextile;
step 3: pouring the connection part of the lower end of the slope surface, and adopting cast-in-place concrete:
step 4: firstly, paving a layer of composite geotextile consisting of non-woven geotextile and woven geotextile with certain strength from the bottom of the slope, wherein the upper end of the composite geotextile is reserved with enough lap joint length; placing a staggered cover plate box frame on the composite geotextile, reserving a gap at the top of the staggered cover plate box frame, and filling an internal matrix into the installed staggered cover plate box frame; finally, the composite geotextile with surplus length reserved above the staggered cover plate box-type frame on the slope is lifted, and the composite geotextile is covered to a reserved gap at the top along the upper side plate of the cover plate box-type frame, so that the non-woven geotextile wraps the cover plate box-type slope protection structure unit;
step 5: repeating the step 4; wherein, the cover plate of the upper layer of dislocation cover plate box frame is lapped on the reserved gap at the top of the lower layer of dislocation cover plate box frame, and is aligned and tightly placed, thereby ensuring that the dislocation cover plates are continuously connected and pressing the lifted composite geotextile;
step 6: after the structure is placed on the slope top, the reserved lap-jointed composite geotextile is wrapped on the reserved notch of the uppermost structure, and the connection part at the upper end of the slope can be implemented in combination with the condition of the bank top, so that a complete slope structure is formed.
Optionally, in the service life of the cover plate box type slope protection structural unit, secondary sowing or cuttage of plant seedlings can be performed through holes in the cover plate according to the plant growth condition.
Optionally, in the step 3, the composite geotextile may be lifted and covered with the top reserved gap, and the composite geotextile may be wrapped with a plurality of structures at a time according to the site construction conditions and covered with the top reserved gap of the uppermost layer fault cover plate box frame.
Optionally, the step 4 is prefabricated and installed, the cover plate box frame can be integrally prefabricated in a prefabrication factory, the template is a shaping template, and after maintenance is completed, the prefabricated structure is placed on a loader by adopting a crane and transported to a construction site for installation.
Optionally, the step 4 is field installation, and in order to avoid forming vertical through seams on the slope, the upper layer and the lower layer are preferably arranged in a staggered manner.
Optionally, the cover plate box-shaped frame is internally filled with a plant growth bag or an internal matrix; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the internal matrix is a plant growth matrix and plant seeds, wherein the plant growth matrix is filled with cultivated soil, and the plants are selected from herbaceous plants or dwarf shrubs with developed root systems, easy survival and small cluster diameter.
Optionally, a plurality of dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structural units are taken, and the top reserved notch of one of the dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structural units is aligned with the eave structure of the other one of the dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structural units and spliced together, so that a row of dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structural unit combinations can be obtained; and combining a plurality of rows of staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units, and connecting and combining the staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units side by side to obtain the whole staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure unit.
Optionally, the whole bottom plate that does not establish of box slope protection structure unit structure, the bottom bed course that sets up below lay rubble, bagged rubble, anti-filter cloth, prevent to destroy because of the infiltration that wave, rivers effect produced, provide the drainage channel and realize the soil-retaining effect for inside matrix simultaneously.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention include: the structure self safety, the protection capability and the soil protection effect are guaranteed through the external wrapping hard structure and the form of increasing the outside protection, and the ecological conservation function of the revetment is improved. In addition, the structure of the invention can be prefabricated and assembled in batches, and has high construction efficiency, good effect and low construction cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structure unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the dislocated cover plate box slope protection structure unit shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural unit shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structure unit shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the overall slope placement effect of a slope composed of a plurality of staggered cover plate box-type slope protection structural units shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the slope overall placement effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 6.
Reference numerals:
100. a dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structure unit; 110. a dislocated cover plate box frame; 111. a wave-dissipating structure; 112. a cover plate; 113. a side plate; 114. a notch is reserved at the top; 115. a hole; 116, "eave" structure; 120. an internal matrix; 130. a bottom cushion layer; 140. a composite geotextile.
200. A dike body; 300. and upper and lower connecting parts.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structure unit and application thereof. The dislocation apron box slope protection structural unit has ensured structure self safety, protective ability and soil conservation effect through no end box frame, inside matrix and bottom bed course triplex. The invention adopts the box-shaped frame with a hard structure to improve the structural strength and resist the action of wind waves and water flow; the cover plates are arranged in a staggered manner, a soil filling channel of the box-shaped frame is reserved, and the slope protection integrity is improved through the engagement and lap joint of the front structure and the rear structure; the cover plate is provided with holes, and plant growth and biological activity channels in the box-shaped structure are reserved; no bottom plate sets up, reserves the inside drainage of bottom biological channel and box structure, promotes biological survival rate. Has good structural reliability and ecology.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structure unit 100 of the present invention includes a dislocated cover plate box type frame 110, and the dislocated cover plate box type frame 110 is composed of a cover plate 112, a side plate 113 and a top outer side vertical wave dissipating structure 111, and is a main protection structure for resisting wave and water flow.
Four curb plates 113 link to each other and form a cuboid inner space, and the length and width of apron 112 is close with the length and width of this cuboid, and the dislocation is located this cuboid inner space top, and one end is with the partial shielding of this inner space, forms top reservation breach 114, and the other end stretches out and forms "eave" structure 116.
The cover plate 112 is provided with a plurality of holes 115 for reserving plant growth, biological activity, irrigation water flow channels and the like; the direct action of waves on the internal matrix 120 (mainly cultivated soil or plant-growing bags) is reduced, and the loss of soil caused by the washing of the waves is reduced; the holes 115 may also dampen waves under severe conditions.
The cover plates 112 are arranged in a staggered manner to form a top reserved gap 114 which is used as a channel for filling the internal matrix 120 into the box-shaped frame; the slope protection structure is matched with other dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structure units with the same structure along the slope direction after being placed, the front structure and the rear structure are meshed and overlapped to form a biting force under the action of dead weight, the integrity of the slope protection is improved, the slope protection structure is adapted to uneven settlement deformation of the embankment body, and the structural safety is ensured.
Under the conditions of relatively severe wave conditions and larger opening ratio of the cover plate, the vertical wave eliminating structure 111 shown in the embodiment can be further arranged on the cover plate 112 and used for increasing wave eliminating effect and shielding the cover plate 112 behind the cover plate, so that soil in the hole is prevented from being washed away by strong wind and wave water flow and losing. Alternatively, the wave-attenuating structure 111 may be provided in the form of a plate or column structure depending on the intensity of wave action; alternatively, the wave dissipating structure 111 may be provided as a continuous or intermittent plate-like structure, or may be provided as a columnar structure. The continuous plate-shaped form can be designed according to the wave wall structure, the columnar form can be designed according to the masonry strip, and the intermittent plate-shaped form selects a proper design method according to the space, which is not repeated.
The structural dimensions of each part are not limited, the outline side length of a single structure is preferably 0.5-2.5 m, and the height (thickness) is preferably 0.5-1.0 m according to the structural safety and the convenience of construction determination.
The thickness of the cover plate 112 is determined according to the wave water flow load; the total open area is determined according to the structural safety under the wave water flow load, and the total open area is preferably large and is not less than 10%.
The thickness of the side plate 113 is determined according to the overall dimension of the structure and the structural strength, and is preferably 0.3 to 0.5m.
The length of the reserved gap 114 is the same as the structural dimension. The width is determined according to the form of filling the internal matrix, and is mainly controlled by the convenience of construction, and the net width of the notch meets the construction requirement. On the premise of meeting the construction requirement, the width should take a small value, and preferably 1/4 to 1/5 of the side length of the structure.
The radius of the holes 115 is not less than the minimum adaptive growth radius of the selected species; the number of holes 115 is set according to the total open area of the cover plate 112.
The dislocation cover plate box frame 110 is internally filled with an internal matrix 120; the inner matrix 120 is mainly plant growth matrix (soil) and plant seeds, wherein the soil can be filled with cultivated soil, and the plants are selected from herbaceous plants or dwarf shrubs with developed root systems, easy survival and small cluster diameter. The plant-growing bag can also be directly used for filling.
Taking a plurality of dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural units 100, aligning and splicing a top reserved notch 114 of one with an eave structure 116 of the other in sequence, and thus obtaining a row of dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural unit combination; and combining the staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units in a plurality of rows side by side, and connecting and combining the staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units to obtain the whole staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure unit, as shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the whole structure of the dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structure unit is not provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom cushion layer 130 arranged below the dislocated cover plate box-type slope protection structure unit is paved with broken stones, bagged broken stones, anti-filtering cloth and the like, so that permeation damage caused by wave and water flow is prevented, and the structure safety is ensured; at the same time, a drainage channel is provided for the inner matrix 120 and a soil conservation effect is achieved.
The invention relates to a use method of a dislocation cover plate box type slope protection structure unit, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the embankment body 200 is arranged, and the outer slope of the embankment body is leveled according to the designed slope ratio;
step 2: paving a bottom cushion layer 130, wherein the bottom cushion layer 130 consists of a nonwoven geotextile and a bagged gravels cushion layer, the nonwoven geotextile is paved on a slope of a dike body which is finished according to requirements, and the bagged gravels with equal thickness are paved on the nonwoven geotextile;
step 3: pouring the connection part 300 at the lower end of the slope surface, wherein cast-in-place concrete can be adopted:
step 4: firstly, paving a layer of composite geotextile 140 consisting of non-woven geotextile and woven geotextile with certain strength from the bottom of the slope, and leaving enough lap joint length at the upper end; placing the misplaced cover plate box frame 110 on the composite geotextile, and filling an internal matrix 120 into the installed misplaced cover plate box frame 110 by reserving a gap 114 at the top of the misplaced cover plate box frame 110; finally, the composite geotextile with surplus length reserved above the staggered cover plate box frame 110 on the slope is lifted, and the composite geotextile is covered to the top reserved gap 114 along the upper side plate 113 of the cover plate box frame 110, so that the package of the nonwoven geotextile on the cover plate box type slope protection structure unit 100 is formed;
step 5: repeating the step 4; wherein, the cover plate 112 of the upper layer error cover plate box frame 110 is lapped on the reserved gap 114 at the top of the lower layer error cover plate box frame 110, and is aligned and tightly placed, so as to ensure that the misplaced cover plates are continuously connected and press the lifted composite geotextile;
step 6: after the structure is placed on the slope top, wrapping the reserved gap 114 of the uppermost structure by the reserved lap-jointed composite geotextile, and implementing the upper end connecting part 300 of the slope by combining the condition of the dyke top to form a complete slope structure;
step 7: the cover plate box type slope protection structure unit 100 can be used for secondary sowing or cutting of plant seedlings through the holes 115 according to the growth condition of plants.
Step 3, lifting the composite geotextile and covering the top reserved gap 114, and covering the top reserved gap 114 of the uppermost layer fault cover plate box frame 110 by wrapping a plurality of structures at a time according to site construction conditions.
The cover plate box frame 110 in the step 4 can be prefabricated in batches in a prefabrication factory, the template is a shaping template, and after maintenance is completed, the prefabricated structure is placed on a loader by adopting a crane and is transported to a construction site for installation.
And 4, on-site installation, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged in a staggered manner in order to avoid forming vertical through seams on the slope.
The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate the understanding and appreciation of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these teachings and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the above description and the description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the disclosure of the invention, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A box slope protection structure unit, its characterized in that: the device comprises a cover plate and side plates, wherein the cover plate and the side plates enclose a box-shaped frame; the cover plates are arranged in a staggered manner, and a soil filling channel is reserved on the box-shaped frame; the cover plate is provided with an opening which is used as a channel for plant growth, biological activity and irrigation water flow in the box-type frame; the bottom of the box-shaped frame is hollow and is used as a biological activity and drainage channel;
the box-shaped frame is a cuboid inner space formed by connecting four side plates, the length and the width of the cover plate are similar to those of the cuboid, the cover plate is arranged above the cuboid inner space in a staggered manner, one end shields part of the inner space to form a top reserved gap, and the other end extends out to form an eave structure;
a plurality of holes are formed in the cover plate and used for reserving plant growth, biological activity and irrigation water flow channels;
the cover plate is provided with a vertical wave-dissipating structure to increase wave-dissipating effect and shield the cover plate behind the vertical wave-dissipating structure, so that soil in the hole is prevented from being washed away by strong wind wave water flow and lost;
the contour side length of the box-type slope protection structure unit is 0.5-2.5 m, and the height is 0.5-1.0 m;
the total open area of the cover plate is determined according to the structural safety under the wave water flow load, and is not less than 10%;
the thickness of the side plate is determined according to the integral dimension and the structural strength of the structure, and is 0.3-0.5 m;
the length of the reserved gap is equal to the structural dimension, and the width is 1/4-1/5 of the side length of the structure.
2. The box slope protection structure unit according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical wave-dissipating structure is in the form of a plate or a column.
3. The box slope protection structure unit according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical wave-dissipating structure is in a continuous or intermittent plate-shaped form.
4. A box slope protection structure unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the continuous platy form adopts a wave wall structure.
5. The box slope protection structure unit according to claim 2, wherein: the columnar form adopts a stone strip structure.
6. The box slope protection structure unit according to claim 1, wherein:
the radius of the hole is not smaller than the minimum adaptive growth radius of the selected species; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the number of holes is set according to the total open area of the cover plate.
7. Use of a box slope protection construction unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of (1) finishing a dike body, and leveling the outer slope of the dike body according to the designed slope ratio;
step 2: paving a bottom cushion layer, wherein the bottom cushion layer consists of a non-woven geotextile and a crushed stone cushion layer, the non-woven geotextile is paved on a slope of a dike body which is finished according to requirements, and the crushed stone cushion layer is paved on the non-woven geotextile;
step 3: pouring the connection part of the lower end of the slope surface, and adopting cast-in-place concrete:
step 4: firstly, paving a layer of composite geotextile consisting of non-woven geotextile and woven geotextile with certain strength from the bottom of the slope, wherein the upper end of the composite geotextile is reserved with enough lap joint length; placing a staggered cover plate box frame on the composite geotextile, reserving a gap at the top of the staggered cover plate box frame, and filling an internal matrix into the installed staggered cover plate box frame; finally, the composite geotextile with surplus length reserved above the staggered cover plate box-type frame on the slope is lifted, and the composite geotextile is covered to a reserved gap at the top along the upper side plate of the cover plate box-type frame, so that the non-woven geotextile wraps the cover plate box-type slope protection structure unit;
step 5: repeating the step 4; wherein, the cover plate of the upper layer of dislocation cover plate box frame is lapped on the reserved gap at the top of the lower layer of dislocation cover plate box frame, and is aligned and tightly placed, thereby ensuring that the dislocation cover plates are continuously connected and pressing the lifted composite geotextile;
step 6: after the structure is placed on the slope top, the reserved lap-jointed composite geotextile is wrapped on the reserved notch of the uppermost structure, and the connection part at the upper end of the slope is implemented in combination with the condition of the bank top, so that a complete slope structure is formed.
8. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: and (3) in the service life of the cover plate box type slope protection structural unit, according to the plant growth condition, secondary sowing or cutting of plant seedlings is carried out through holes in the cover plate.
9. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 3, the composite geotextile is lifted and covered with the top reserved gap, a plurality of structures are wrapped at one time according to site construction conditions, and the top reserved gap of the uppermost layer of staggered cover plate box-type frame is covered.
10. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: and 4, prefabricating and installing, namely prefabricating the cover plate box-shaped frame in a prefabricating factory, adopting a shaping template for the template, and after curing, adopting a crane to place the prefabricated structure on a loader and transporting to a construction site for installing.
11. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step 4, the installation is on site, and in order to avoid forming vertical through seams on the slope, the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged in a staggered manner.
12. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cover plate box-shaped frame is internally filled with a plant growth bag or an internal matrix; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the internal matrix is a plant growth matrix and plant seeds, wherein the plant growth matrix is filled with cultivated soil, and the plants are selected from herbaceous plants or dwarf shrubs with developed root systems, easy survival and small cluster diameter.
13. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: a plurality of dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural units are taken, the top reserved notch of one of the dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural units is aligned with the eave structure of the other one of the dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural units and spliced together, and a row of dislocated cover plate box type slope protection structural unit combinations can be obtained; and combining a plurality of rows of staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units, and connecting and combining the staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure units side by side to obtain the whole staggered cover plate box type slope protection structure unit.
14. Use of a box slope protection structure unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the whole bottom plate that does not establish of box slope protection structure unit structure, the bottom bed course that sets up below lays rubble, anti-filter cloth, prevents to destroy because of the infiltration that wave, rivers effect produced, provides the drainage passageway and realizes the soil-retaining effect for inside matrix simultaneously.
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