CN115161545B - 一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN115161545B
CN115161545B CN202210427224.5A CN202210427224A CN115161545B CN 115161545 B CN115161545 B CN 115161545B CN 202210427224 A CN202210427224 A CN 202210427224A CN 115161545 B CN115161545 B CN 115161545B
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阮士朋
张林祥
李超
屈小波
王鲁义
黄博文
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Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法,生产时,将粗拉减面率控制在30~40%、精拉减面率控制在3~6%,并采取等温球化退火:首先升温至600~650℃并保温1~1.5h,再以不高于100℃/h的速率升温至740~750℃,保温5~7h,以不高于25℃/h降温至690~710℃,保温4~6h,最后以不高于25℃/h降温至550℃以下空冷;使得加工处理的中碳冷镦钢精线具有低强度和高塑性,满足客户对质量和成本的双重需求。

Description

一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明属于冷镦钢精线生产技术领域,涉及一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法。
背景技术
中碳冷镦钢精线主要用于冷镦成型加工紧固件产品,为满足紧固件大变形量冷成型需要,期望冷镦钢精线的强度和硬度尽可能低(强度≤530MPa、硬度≤85HRB),而塑性尽可能高 (面缩率≥70%)。
为了满足客户对强度和塑性的要求,传统加工方法往往需要进行两球两抽工艺,加工成本偏高,能源消耗和碳排放大;而一球两抽工艺可降低加工成本,节能降耗,但往往精线强度和硬度偏高,模具损耗大。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在不足,本发明提供了一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线及其生产方法,采用一球两抽工艺控制手段,获得具有低强度和高塑性的中碳冷镦钢精线产品。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线,所述中碳冷镦钢精线所含组分及重量百分比为:
C:0.30~0.40%,Si:0.15~0.35%,Mn:0.60~1.20%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Ni≤0.20%, Cu≤0.20%,Mo≤0.10%,N≤0.0060%,O≤0.0015%,H≤0.0002%,还含有Cr:0.25~0.45%, Al:0.015~0.050%,Ti:0.02~0.05%,B:0.0008-0.0035%,V:0.02~0.05%,Nb:0.01~0.04%中的一种或几种,其余为Fe和杂质。
一种基于高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线的生产方法,包括如下步骤:
S1,热轧盘条;
S2,酸洗磷皂化;
S3,粗拉;
S3,球化退火;
S4,酸洗磷皂化;
S5,精拉。
进一步地,所述粗拉过程中,粗拉减面率控制在30~40%。
进一步地,所述精拉过程中,精拉减面率控制在3~6%。
进一步地,所述球化退火工序采取等温球化退火。
进一步地,所述等温球化退火,具体为:
先升温至600~650℃并保温1~1.5h,然后升温至740~750℃并保温5~7h,再降温至690~710℃并保温4~6h,最后降温至550℃以下空冷。
更进一步地,所述升温至740~750℃时,升温速率不高于100℃/h。
更进一步地,所述降温至690~710℃时,降温速率不高于25℃/h。
更进一步地,所述降温至550℃以下时,降温速率不高于25℃/h。
进一步地,还包括检验、包装、称重、标记和入库。
本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明的高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线,在生产时,将粗拉减面率控制在30~40%、精拉减面率控制在3~6%,确保球化效果,避免加工硬化过大;
(2)本发明的高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线生产工艺中,球化退火工序采取等温球化退火:首先升温至600~650℃并保温1~1.5h,再以不高于100℃/h的速率升温至740~750℃,保温5~7h,以不高于25℃/h降温至690~710℃,保温4~6h,最后以不高于25℃/h降温至550℃以下空冷;使得加工处理的中碳冷镦钢精线的抗拉强度≤530MPa、面缩率≥70%、硬度≤ 85HRB、球化级别≥5级,具有低强度和高塑性,满足客户对质量和成本的双重需求。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
本发明一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线的所含组分及重量百分比为:
C:0.30~0.40%,Si:0.15~0.35%,Mn:0.60~1.20%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Ni≤0.20%, Cu≤0.20%,Mo≤0.10%,N≤0.0060%,O≤0.0015%,H≤0.0002%,还含有Cr:0.25~0.45%, Al:0.015~0.050%,Ti:0.02~0.05%,B:0.0008-0.0035%,V:0.02~0.05%,Nb:0.01~0.04%中的一种或几种,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
上述元素组成在本申请中的具体效果如下:
C是钢中最基本有效地强化和淬透性元素,C含量增加,钢的强度和硬度升高,而塑形和韧性降低,为了获取低强度和高塑形的中碳冷镦钢精线,将C含量控制在0.30~0.40%。
Si含量过高有利于钢的强度提高、韧性下降,因此将Si含量控制在0.15~0.35%。
Mn含量的增加,使得钢中贝氏体的数量也随着增加,本申请中Mn含量控制在0.60~1.20%。
P会在钢中析出脆性很大的Fe3P,使钢在室温下强度提高,脆性增加,因此控制P≤0.015%。
S在铁中几乎不溶解,而与铁形成FeS,FeS与Fe形成低熔点的共晶体,在热加工时,共晶体容易融化导致开裂,增加钢的热脆性,因此控制S≤0.010%。
Ni能稳定奥氏体,同时显著提高低温韧性,本申请中Ni含量的范围是:Ni≤0.20%。
Cu能提高钢的耐蚀性能,但是Cu也会恶化钢的耐延迟断裂性能,故将Cu含量的范围设置为:Cu≤0.20%。
Mo是增加淬透性和析出硬化元素,有效提高钢热处理回火后的强度,但Mo含量过剩会恶化钢的冷加工性能;对于本申请高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线,其Mo含量控制在Mo≤ 0.10%。
N元素的存在,会降低钢的冷加工性能,控制N≤0.0060%。
O在钢中形成氧化物夹杂,控制O≤0.0015%。
钢中H元素会影响冷镦钢的力学性能,降低冷镦性能,控制H≤0.0002%。
Cr元素在钢中显著提高强韧性和热强性,但过量的Cr增加钢的回火脆性倾向,Cr的含量控制在0.25~0.45%。
Al是较强脱氧元素,同时提高钢的抗氧化性能,但是Al含量过多,会导致钢的耐延迟断裂性降低,Al含量控制在0.015~0.050%。
Ti能有效改善高强钢的耐延迟断裂性能,而过量的Ti,容易形成夹杂物,本申请将Ti 含量控制在0.02~0.05%。
B可在淬火时偏聚于奥氏体晶界,抑制铁元素形核,从而提高钢的淬透性。将B的含量控制在0.0008-0.0035%。
V与C形成碳化物,可提高抗氢腐蚀能力,V含量控制在0.02~0.05%。
Nb可以改变钢的力学性能,本申请中Nb含量设置为0.01~0.04%。
一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线的生产流程,包括:热轧盘条→酸洗磷皂化→粗拉→球化退火→酸洗磷皂化→精拉→检验→包装→称重→标记→入库,其中:
粗拉过程中,粗拉减面率控制在30~40%,通过加大粗抽减面率,使渗碳体破碎,获得较多的形变能和位错密度,确保球化效果;
精拉过程中,精拉减面率控制在3~6%,通过减小精抽减面率,避免加工硬化过大;
球化退火工序采取等温球化退火,首先升温至600~650℃并保温1~1.5h,再以不高于100℃ /h的速率升温至740~750℃,保温5~7h,以不高于25℃/h降温至690~710℃,保温4~6h,最后以不高于25℃/h降温至550℃以下空冷。
通过上述设置,获得具有低强度和高塑性的中碳冷镦钢精线,中碳冷镦钢精线的抗拉强度≤530MPa、面缩率≥70%、硬度≤85HRB、球化级别≥5级,满足客户对质量和成本的双重需求。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式,但本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下,本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线的生产方法,其特征在于,所述中碳冷镦钢精线所含组分及重量百分比为:
C:0.30~0.40%,Si:0.15~0.35%,Mn:0.60~1.20%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Ni≤0.20%,Cu≤0.20%,Mo≤0.10%,N≤0.0060%,O≤0.0015%,H≤0.0002%,还含有Cr:0.25~0.45%,Al:0.015~0.050%,Ti:0.02~0.05%,B:0.0008-0.0035%,V:0.02~0.05%,Nb:0.01~0.04%中的一种或几种,其余为Fe和杂质;
所述生产方法包括如下步骤:
S1,热轧盘条;
S2,酸洗磷皂化;
S3,粗拉,所述粗拉过程中,粗拉减面率控制在30~40%;
S3,球化退火,所述球化退火工序采取等温球化退火:先升温至600~650℃并保温1~1.5h,然后以不高于100℃/h的速率升温至740~750℃并保温5~7h,再以不高于25℃/h的速率降温至690~710℃并保温4~6h,最后以不高于25℃/h降温至550℃以下空冷;
S4,酸洗磷皂化;
S5,精拉,所述精拉过程中,精拉减面率控制在3~6%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,还包括检验、包装、称重、标记和入库。
3.一种利用权利要求1-2任一项所述的生产方法进行生产的高塑性低强度中碳冷镦钢精线,其特征在于,所述中碳冷镦钢精线所含组分及重量百分比为:
C:0.30~0.40%,Si:0.15~0.35%,Mn:0.60~1.20%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Ni≤0.20%,Cu≤0.20%,Mo≤0.10%,N≤0.0060%,O≤0.0015%,H≤0.0002%,还含有Cr:0.25~0.45%,Al:0.015~0.050%,Ti:0.02~0.05%,B:0.0008-0.0035%,V:0.02~0.05%,Nb:0.01~0.04%中的一种或几种,其余为Fe和杂质。
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