CN115160815A - Degradable press slag fiber material straw and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable press slag fiber material straw and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160815A CN115160815A CN202210796274.0A CN202210796274A CN115160815A CN 115160815 A CN115160815 A CN 115160815A CN 202210796274 A CN202210796274 A CN 202210796274A CN 115160815 A CN115160815 A CN 115160815A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
- A47G21/18—Drinking straws or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable press residue fiber material straw and a preparation method thereof. The straw comprises the following components: 30-55 parts of plant press residue fiber, 45-70 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5-3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 1-10 parts of trehalose, 1-20 parts of gellan gum and 1-5 parts of edible pigment; the plant press residue fiber includes, but is not limited to, coffee residue, bagasse, tea residue, and other plant press residues. The raw materials are mixed by a high-speed mixer, and are subjected to melt blending molding processing by using an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology to prepare the degradable press slag fiber material straw which has the advantages of good water resistance, excellent performance, low cost, natural degradation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a degradable straw and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a degradable straw made of a slag fiber material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic product as a novel material is widely applied nationwide due to the characteristics of low cost, light weight, water resistance, convenience, mature production technology and the like, brings great convenience to people, but due to the fact that people lack sufficient understanding on environmental pollution caused by waste plastics, the used waste plastic products are discarded at will, and due to the reasons of excessive use, improper recycling and the like, serious energy resource waste and environmental pollution are caused, and serious harm is caused to the environment. Becoming a major source of "white contamination". White contamination has also become quite severe. Among a plurality of plastic pollutants, the suction pipe is a considerable important treatment direction in plastic pollution treatment due to the characteristics of small weight, large quantity and the like.
The degradable slag fiber material straw made of plant slag and PLA has extremely wide development prospect; a large number of degradable straw products appear in the consumer market, but the degradable straw taking a paper straw and a PLA straw as mainstream has the defects of practicability, consumer experience and the like. The mouth feel and the water resistance of the paper straw used by consumers are poor, and the performance maintaining time does not exceed 12min at the normal temperature of 25 ℃; compared with paper straws, the PLA straw has extremely high improvement in taste, water resistance and heat resistance, meets the requirements of most consumers on the performance and quality of the straw, but is not in demand for PLA materials internationally and has a high price all the time.
In addition, each large-scale beverage enterprise, especially the current tea making and drinking industry, has the problem of processing the pressed slag (including but not limited to coffee slag in the coffee industry and tea leaf slag in the tea making and drinking industry), and sugar processing factories using sugar cane as raw materials also have a large amount of sugar cane pressed slag to be processed. The utilization rate of the press residues is low, enterprises need to consume certain economic cost for treatment, and some enterprises directly discard the press residues, so that the garbage treatment system is impacted, the garbage transportation amount is more, the press residues are mixed in other large amount of garbage, and the garbage disposal and classification difficulty of garbage disposal merchants is higher; the treatment method of centralized landfill of the pressed slag can cause environmental pollution and aggravate greenhouse effect, for example, the coffee slag can generate gas, namely methane, which is related to the greenhouse effect after being buried, and the harm to the environment is more than that of carbon dioxide; the centralized composting treatment of the press slag also requires 3 months of fermentation, and the treatment period is long. The plant press slag belongs to natural biomass materials, is directly subjected to composting fermentation, has low utilization rate, and is directly discarded or is subjected to centralized landfill, thereby being the expression of wasting resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a press slag fiber material straw which is naturally degradable, good in water resistance and excellent in performance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the degradable residue squeezing fiber material straw.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A degradable residue-squeezing fiber material straw comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-55 parts of plant press residue fiber, 45-70 parts of PLA (polylactic acid, PLA for short), 0.5-3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate (food grade), 1-10 parts of trehalose, 1-20 parts of gellan gum and 1-5 parts of edible pigment.
Further, the plant marc fiber includes, but is not limited to, coffee grounds, sugar cane bagasse, tea leaves, and the like.
Further, the cross section of the straw is circular or oval.
Further, the applicable temperature of the straw is 10-55 ℃.
Further, the PLA comprises PLLA (levolactic acid), PDLA (dextrolactic acid), or PLLA/PDLA blends.
A preparation method of a degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant pressed slag fibers (including but not limited to pressed slag such as coffee residues, bagasse and tea residues) to obtain processed plant pressed slag fibers;
(2) Weighing PLA according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) Weighing trehalose, sodium polyacrylate, gellan gum and edible pigment according to a proportion, adding the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on volume extensional rheology, performing extrusion molding, cutting and drying.
In the method, the degradable straw is prepared by a melt extrusion method, and a solvent is not needed in the whole process.
In the above method, in the step (4), the drying temperature is: 50-100 ℃.
In the method, in the step (4), the molding temperature is 165-215 ℃.
In the method, in the step (4), the rotating speed of the extruder is 10-150 revolutions per minute.
Further, the molding conditions in the step (4) are as follows: the extruder speed was 65 rpm at 165-215 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 165 ℃, the hardness of the prepared product cannot meet the use requirement and cannot be formed; too high a temperature can cause over-reaction of the starting materials and changes in shape and color. If the rotating speed is too low, physical crosslinking cannot occur and the surface of the prepared product is not smooth; the rotating speed is too high, and the inner part of the material has a sub-structure which is cracked and cannot be formed.
Further, the step (4) forming technology is as follows: and carrying out melt blending molding processing by using an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume stretching, rheological, plasticizing and transporting technology. Straws made by other than this technique cannot be plasticized, resulting in a straw that cannot be formed.
In the above technical scheme:
PLA plays a main forming role; the plant press slag fiber material can be mixed into the product to make the product have better toughness. The trehalose and the gellan gum are used as added auxiliary materials, so that on one hand, the raw materials can be fully mixed, and the texture of the finished product is more uniform; on the other hand, the comprehensive physical properties of the product such as water resistance, heat resistance and the like can also be enhanced. The mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength of the product can be improved by the sodium polyacrylate.
Main materials:
PLA plays a major forming role; the plant press slag fiber material can be mixed into the product to make the product have better toughness.
And (3) the rest auxiliary materials:
the trehalose and the gellan gum are used as added auxiliary materials, so that on one hand, the raw materials can be fully mixed, and the texture of the finished product is more uniform; on the other hand, the comprehensive physical properties of the product such as water resistance, heat resistance and the like can also be enhanced. The mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength of the product can be improved by the sodium polyacrylate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a degradable, waterproof, low-cost, disposable, green and environment-friendly straw. In the future, the product can be further popularized and applied to the manufacture of cup covers, cup bodies and plastic bags, and becomes a high-quality plastic substitute.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
The amounts of formulation added in this example are given in the following table (unit: parts).
Table 1: example degradable environmental protection straw part formula (taking coffee grounds as an example)
Example 1
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press slag to obtain treated plant press slag fiber, and weighing 52 parts of plant press slag;
(2) Weighing 42 parts of PLA according to the data of the example 1 corresponding to the data in the table 1, blending the PLA with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing the PLA and the plant press slag by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on extensional rheology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the extruder rotating speed of 65 revolutions per minute, cutting and drying.
Example 2
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press slag to obtain treated plant press slag fiber, and weighing 52 parts of plant press slag;
(2) Weighing 42 parts of PLA according to the data of example 2 in the table 1, blending with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the extruder rotating speed of 65 revolutions per minute, and cutting and drying.
Example 3
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable press slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press slag to obtain treated plant press slag fiber, and weighing 55 parts of plant press slag;
(2) Weighing 42 parts of PLA according to the data of the example 3 corresponding to the data in the table 1, blending the PLA with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing the PLA and the plant press slag by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the rotating speed of the extruder of 65 revolutions per minute, cutting and drying.
Example 4
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable press slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press slag to obtain treated plant press slag fiber, and weighing 52 parts of plant press slag;
(2) Weighing 45 parts of PLA according to the data of the corresponding example 4 in the table 1, blending the PLA with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing the PLA and the plant press slag by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment, adding the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing by adopting a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the extruder rotating speed of 65 revolutions per minute, and cutting and drying.
Example 5
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press residues to obtain treated plant press residue fibers, and weighing 52 parts of plant press residues;
(2) Weighing 40 parts of PLA according to the data of the example 5 corresponding to the data in the table 1, blending with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the extruder rotating speed of 65 revolutions per minute, and cutting and drying.
Example 6
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable press slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press residues to obtain treated plant press residue fibers, and weighing 52 parts of plant press residues;
(2) Weighing 42 parts of PLA according to the data of example 6 corresponding to the data in the table 1, blending the PLA with the plant press slag prepared in the step (1), and uniformly mixing the PLA and the plant press slag by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a volume extensional rheology plasticizing transportation technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the rotating speed of the extruder of 65 revolutions per minute, cutting and drying.
Comparative example
The preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable press slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 94 parts of PLA according to the corresponding comparative example data in the table 1, and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(2) According to the mixture ratio in the table 1: 4 parts of trehalose, 3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of gellan gum and 1 part of edible pigment are added into the PLA obtained in the step (1) and are uniformly mixed by a high-speed mixer;
(3) And (3) adding the mixture prepared in the step (2) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on a stretching, rheological, plasticizing and transporting technology, extruding and molding at 165-215 ℃ at the rotating speed of the extruder of 65 revolutions per minute, cutting and drying.
Table 2: table of pipette Performance test data for examples 1-6
| Group of | Tensile strength | Bending strength | Melt index g/10min |
| Example 1 | 30.2 | 47.8 | 11.24 |
| Example 2 | 28.7 | 44.7 | 10.32 |
| Example 3 | 26.3 | 43.8 | 11.45 |
| Example 4 | 25.8 | 44.6 | 10.82 |
| Example 5 | 26.4 | 45.2 | 13.42 |
| Example 6 | 25.3 | 46.2 | 12.19 |
| Comparative example | 28.4 | 46.7 | 13.67 |
As can be seen from Table 2, examples 1 to 6 are similar to comparative examples in strength and melt index, and the best results among the above examples are shown when example 1 has a tensile strength of 30.2 and a bending strength of 47.8.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the optimal proportioning range of the degradable plant slag fiber material straw is that of the plant slag fiber material: PLA is (50-55): (40-45) the optimal weight ranges of the rest components are 0.5-3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate (food grade), 3-6 parts of trehalose, 3-10 parts of gellan gum and 1-3 parts of edible pigment.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the strength and the finger-melting performance of the PLA straw made by mixing the plant press slag fiber materials are similar to those of the common PLA straw, and even superior to those of the common PLA straw.
The above examples of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present specification refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present specification, these information should not be limited by these terms, which should be used only for distinguishing similar objects, and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order of the features described in one or more embodiments of the present specification. Furthermore, the terms "having," "including," and similar referents, are intended to cover a non-exclusive scope, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to the particular details set forth, but may include other inherent information not expressly listed for such steps or modules.
Claims (10)
1. A degradable press slag fiber material straw is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-55 parts of plant press residue fiber, 45-70 parts of PLA, 0.5-3.5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 1-10 parts of trehalose, 1-20 parts of gellan gum and 1-5 parts of edible pigment.
2. The degradable extraction residue fiber material straw of claim 1, wherein: the plant residue fiber comprises coffee residue, bagasse or tea residue.
3. The degradable extraction residue fiber material straw of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the straw is circular or oval.
4. The degradable extraction residue fiber material straw of claim 1, wherein: the applicable temperature of the straw is 10-55 ℃.
5. The degradable extraction residue fiber material straw of claim 1, wherein: the PLA comprises PLLA, PDLA or a PLLA/PDLA blend.
6. The method for preparing the degradable press slag fiber material straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing, drying and crushing plant press residue fibers to obtain treated plant press residue fibers;
(2) Weighing PLA according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing by using a high-speed mixer;
(3) Weighing trehalose, sodium polyacrylate, gellan gum and edible pigment in proportion, adding into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing by adopting a high-speed mixer;
(4) And (4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into an eccentric rotor extruder based on volume extensional rheology, performing extrusion molding, cutting and drying.
7. The method for preparing the degradable slag fiber material straw according to claim 6, wherein the degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps: the degradable straw is prepared by a melt extrusion method, and a solvent is not needed in the whole process.
8. The method for preparing the degradable slag fiber material straw according to claim 6, wherein the degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the drying temperature is as follows: 50-100 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the degradable slag fiber material straw according to claim 6, wherein the degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the molding temperature is 165-215 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the degradable slag fiber material straw according to claim 6, wherein the degradable slag fiber material straw comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the rotating speed of the extruder is 10-150 revolutions per minute.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116120724A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-05-16 | 安徽恒鑫环保新材料有限公司 | Degradable cup cover and preparation method thereof |
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