CN1151590C - Improved reflector antenna with a self-supported feed - Google Patents
Improved reflector antenna with a self-supported feedInfo
- Publication number
- CN1151590C CN1151590C CNB988093979A CN98809397A CN1151590C CN 1151590 C CN1151590 C CN 1151590C CN B988093979 A CNB988093979 A CN B988093979A CN 98809397 A CN98809397 A CN 98809397A CN 1151590 C CN1151590 C CN 1151590C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- reflector
- antenna system
- dielectric
- main reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
- H01Q19/134—Rear-feeds; Splash plate feeds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/147—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures provided with means for controlling or monitoring the shape of the reflecting surface
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention consists of improvements of reflector antennas with self-supported feeds. The feed consists of a waveguide tube, a dielectric joint and a sub-reflector. The tube is attached to the center of the rotationally symmetric reflector and extends to the focal region of it. The sub-reflector is located in front of the tube, and the surface of this sub-reflector is provided with rotationally symmetric grooves also called corrugations. The improvements of the present invention are (1) a ring focus reflector to improve the gain of the antenna, (2) an elevated central region of the reflector to reduce the return loss, (3) metal screws or cylinders to strongly fasten the sub-reflector to the tube, (4) corrugations or other similar means around the rim or the reflector in order to reduce far-out sidelobes, (5) dual-band operation by means of a coaxial waveguide outside the circular waveguide in the tube, and (6) dielectric filling or covering of the corrugations or of the region between the corrugations and the waveguide tubeend, both in order to avoid the gathering of water, dust or other undesired material in this area which could destroy the performance of the antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the improvement to the reflector antenna with self-supported feed (feed), and such antenna is used for launching or receiving electromagnetic wave, and EP87903452.8 European patent (publication number 0268635) has been described this antenna.This antenna is mainly used in the radio link system between the mobile communication base station, but also is applied to such as in other application in the microwave level metering system.
Background technology
The reflector antenna that employing has self-supported feed mainly is because their easy manufacturings are with low cost.Compare with the reflector antenna that is supported feeder by diagonal strut, they also provide higher antenna efficiency and lower secondary lobe (side lobe) in radiation pattern.The shortcoming of diagonal strut structure is that main reflector is stopped by pole.Self-supported feed also enters from the reflector back side easily, thereby often selects self-supported feed for use when reflector and/or receiver are arranged on the back side of reflector.This has reduced the loss that produces when electromagnetic wave again when one of them support bar is introduced into cable.
EP87903452.8 European patent (publication number 0268635) has been described the reflector with self-supported feed of different types, and wherein feeder comprises a waveguide, a dielectric joint and a subreflector.Waveguide is connected in the center of this rotation symmetrical reflector and is stretched over its focal zone.Subreflector is set at the front of waveguide, and the surface of this subreflector has the rotation symmetrical grooves that is referred to as ripple.Utilize this means to stop electromagnetic wave to be propagated along the surface of subreflector, no matter electric field is perpendicular to this surface or tangent with this surface.Consequently, compare with other possible situations, antenna radiation pattern has higher directivity, lower spill-over and lower far ultraviolet secondary lobe.
The present invention relates to EP87903452.8 European patent (publication number: 0268653) the multiple improvement of described antenna.These improvement comprise: the waveguide of the center of ring focusing reflector, rising, metallic screw, edge waviness, simplification, two-band and feeder protection, will improve these below and do clearly to describe.
The ring focusing reflector: the described antenna of the European patent of above-mentioned reference utilizes a main reflector, and it is rotational symmetric and a parabolic shape is roughly arranged.Yet if improve the shape of main reflector, this antenna will have higher gain.The present invention describes shape how to improve main reflector.
The center that raises: the European patent of above-mentioned reference can not be designed to have in the waveguide input antenna of low reflection coefficient.Its reason is the reflection from the waveguide peripheral region at main reflector center.In the improvement of antenna, this problem is to solve by the center of improving reflector.
Metallic screw: in the European patent of above-mentioned reference, subreflector is supported in the end of waveguide by dielectric joint, this dielectric joint is partly or wholly filled the gap between subreflector and the waveguide ends, and is adhered to subreflector and waveguide ends.This being bonded in all application all can not provide enough firm mechanical support.In the present invention, thisly bondingly be modified into linear polarization by metallic screw or metal foil garden tube or metallic plate and use, they provide firm metal to connect between subreflector and waveguide ends.
Edge waviness: in the European patent of above-mentioned reference, on the direction relative, very big back lobe will be arranged with main lobe.The present invention is by reducing these back lobes around one or more ripples of the reflector edge back of this structure (or) or groove or metallized dielectric ring.
The waveguide of simplifying: in the previous example of the European patent of reference, the internal diameter of waveguide stay pipe changes at close place, end from the nearer waveguide of subreflector, and also need one or more diaphragms (irises) are inserted this end of this pipe in some cases, so that suitably mate to obtain low reflection coefficient with antenna.The present invention has done improvement to this, the waveguide of employing can be a ring-type cylindrical tube, and its cross section is constant along its length.This improvement has reduced manufacturing cost widely.
Two-band: in the European patent of above-mentioned reference, in order to be operated in the single frequency band up to 20% bandwidth, this antenna is presented by a disc waveguide.Some is interested in two-band work in using, and for example a frequency range is used for transmitting, and another frequency range is used for received signal.The improvement antenna that the present invention describes is presented by two waveguides: an interior disc waveguide and the coaxial waveguide in its outside.
The feeder protection: in some applications, antenna may be in some rugged environment, and rainwater, dust and other undesirable materials may accumulate in the zone between waveguide ends and the subreflector, therefore can destroy its performance.The invention describes and how above-mentioned European patent is improved, to reduce sensitiveness these influences.
Summary of the invention
The ring focusing reflector:
The present invention is with three kinds of possible modes, is expressed as a, the main reflector shape of three kinds of method improvement parabolic antennas of b and c below promptly:
A) utilization has the phase place of the entire antenna calculated hole diameters field of parabolic main reflector.This aperture fields is perpendicular to a field in the plane of the radial axis of main reflector front.By the modern numerical calculation method the whole digital emi analysis of the aperture fields of entire antenna with parabolic main reflector is studied the phase place of the aperture fields of this copolar, and be designed so that phase place is the best reflector of constant.The shape of this reflector is determined by following equation:
Wherein, φ (θ) is the copolar aperture fields phase place of calculating in 45 ° of planes in a paraboloidal reflector, and expenditure is represented; F is a focal length; λ is a wavelength; R (θ) be from the focus to the main reflector on the radial distance of this point; And θ is the angle between the line of this point on symmetry axis and focus and the reflector.
B) utilize the phase place of the feeder radiation field calculate.The radiation field function of feeder, it is the radiation field function of subreflector, when subreflector is positioned at the front of waveguide ends, determine that by the modern numerical calculation method modern numerical calculation method can comprise the influence of the dielectric joint between waveguide and waveguide and the subreflector.In this calculated, main reflector did not exist, so the analysis among its ratio method a is simple.Can determine the shape of best main reflector from the phase place of subreflector radiation field.Used equation is identical with method a, but φ (θ) is the phase place of the copolar radiation field calculated in 45 ° of planes of the subreflector with waveguide and dielectric joint, and expenditure is represented.
C) utilize ring-type focusing reflector formula.The best reflector that obtains from top two kinds of method a and b satisfies ring-type with very high precision and focuses on paraboloidal formula, and this formula is
Wherein z be when not having top board along the axial coordinate of symmetry axis (z axle), ρ is the cylindrical radial coordinate of measuring from the z axle, F is a focal length, ρ
0Be the ring focusing radius, this ring focusing radius generally is 0.5 to 1.5 times of described waveguide radius.ρ
0Be fixed value, its size is between 0.2 and 0.6 wavelength, depends on the size of subreflector and waveguide and the degree of depth of main reflector.Optimal parameter ρ
0Can come out from the phase place of the radiation field function of feeder or from the phase calculation of aperture fields, also different for different frequency ranges and different its value of feeder size.So if identical reflector is used for a plurality of frequency ranges, then this reflector can not be in all frequency ranges optimization all.When this reflector was used for several frequency range, the reflector optimum shape was to obtain by aforesaid frequency optimization, and this frequency is represented the geometrical mean of all minimum and highest frequencies.Thereby if low-limit frequency is 21.2GHz, highest frequency is 40GHz, and then main reflector preferably should be optimized at 30.6GHz.So example because the phase error aperture efficiency is common than will reduce 0.15dB on 21.2GHz and 39GHz, then reduces 0.05dB on design frequency 30.6GHz hereto.In paraboloidal reflector, reduce about 1dB in all frequency ranges.
The best reflector of determining from top a, b or three kinds of methods of c and the parabola of standard are pressed close to very much, differ with its maximum and are generally 0.25 wavelength.To differ greatly when more shallow when reflector is dark than reflector.The deep reflex device is used for the situation of the low secondary lobe of needs.Best reflector is more flat in the center than the paraboloidal reflector of pressing close to most.Even this difference is very little, according to the reflector that method a, b or c optimize, the gain of antenna wants big 0.2dB between the 1dB usually, and wherein low numerical value is applicable to the superficial reflex device, and high numerical value is applicable to the deep reflex device.When not utilizing the conventional main feeder that supports by diagonal strut when utilizing self-supported feed, need this ring-type focusing reflector.Reason is that to make the phase front from the feeder radiation be elliposoidal rather than sphere to the former axial support pipe.
The center that raises:
The present invention also provides a kind of improvement antenna that has low reflection coefficient in the waveguide input, and low reflection coefficient obtains by the reflector of heart district improvement therein.Compare with original parabola or ring-type focus form, the center that centers on stay pipe has been raised.The center that raises can be realized by following several approach.
It can make reflection (for example metal) plate of the separation of a surrounding tube, or is made of one with the pin of self-supporting pipe, and perhaps it can form the core of reflector surface itself.When frequency range is between 7 to 40GHz, the reflector diameter when 30cm is between 120cm, the outer radius in the zone that raises is usually between 0.8 and 3.5 wavelength.The zone that raises can be flat, or a fixing height is arranged on undisturbed reflector.Regional maximum height raising on the undisturbed reflector usually between 0.10 to 0.25 wavelength.Can there be a tangible turning center that reflector raises on its edge, or can to diminish gradually be zero.The height in rising district has the maximum that surpasses the main reflector of parabola or ring focusing shape in fact and is generally between 0.1 to 0.25 wavelength, and highly reducing to the diameter that has between its peaked 0.37 times 2 of locating generally between 1.9 to 7 wavelength, this depends on the frequency and the focal length of reflector.
Realize that by dielectric-slab the rising zone also is possible, in this case, the thickness of this plate is different from the situation of metallic plate.Dielectric-slab must be designed to the reflected wave that leaves its surface and provide a phase difference with respect to the reflected wave from reflector itself, and this phase difference is usually between 70 ° to 180 °.The height in rising district has the maximum that surpasses the main reflector of parabola or ring focusing shape in fact and is generally between 0.1 to 0.25 wavelength, and highly reducing to the diameter that has between its peaked 0.37 times 2 of locating generally between 1.9 to 7 wavelength, this depends on the frequency and the focal length of reflector.
The rising district, center of main reflector will increase the secondary lobe of antenna.This influence can reduce by the height in the rising district that is shaped.Gauss's profile produces low especially secondary lobe.It roughly follows following formula:
Wherein, Δ z is the center correction of the z coordinate (the profile height in the district that promptly raises) to reflector, Δ z
0Be the maximum modified amount of center, ρ is a radial coordinate, as previously mentioned, changes ρ in the radius of pipe and outside between to greatest extent
tBeing one can have from zero parameter to any value the radius of pipe, ρ
gBe Gauss's width of the center that raises, promptly equal Δ z and reduce to 1/e=0.37 and take advantage of Δ z
0Such width of value.Gauss raises and distinguishes the reflecting material that can use such as metal, or makes in the same manner as described above with dielectric material.Under the situation of Gauss's profile, the optimum thickness of center is greater than the center thickness under the fixed thickness situation.
If reflector is used for multiple frequency range, big young pathbreaker's difference of rising center in every kind of frequency range then.Therefore, the reflector center usually can be with exchanging with the same mode of waveguide and subreflector.
Metallic screw:
In the present invention, the fixing of subreflector and waveguide ends improves by metallic screw or thin metallic cylinder or metallic plate, uses to be used for linear polarization, and this makes that having firm metal between subreflector and waveguide ends is connected.Metallic screw or thin metallic cylinder are positioned at the both sides of the H face symmetry axis of antenna, and so, they can not cause that the field stops, thereby make radiation pattern and reflection coefficient in the waveguide input can not be subjected to tangible influence.Screw, cylinder or plate are installed in the narrow end wall of waveguide by the hole.This improvement has destroyed the rotation symmetry of antenna and only just may in linear polarization applications.
Edge waviness:
The present invention is by reducing the far ultraviolet secondary lobe, the particularly secondary lobe on backward directions of antenna around one or more ripples of the reflector edge back of a structure (or) or groove or metallized dielectric ring.Groove and dielectric ring can be often and the support of the protective media sheet that is referred to as radome of reflector front combine, wherein the degree of depth of these grooves generally is 0.25 to 0.5 times of wavelength of material in this groove.Between these dielectric rings, can have maybe and can not have metal film or sheet, the outermost end of ring metallizes by this way, it is the coaxial layer that they form dielectric material and metal, this ring is around the edge of described main reflector, and wherein the degree of depth of filling the coaxial waveguide openend by the formed medium of dielectric layer generally is 0.5 to 0.75 times of dielectric material wavelength.
The waveguide of simplifying:
In front among the embodiment of the European patent of reference, the internal diameter of waveguide stay pipe changes near the end near subreflector, and also need this end with one or more diaphragm insertion tubes in some cases, all these is in order suitably to mate antenna to obtain low reflection coefficient.The invention describes a kind of improvement, promptly this waveguide can be the ring-type cylindrical tube constant along the cross section of its length direction.This improvement has reduced manufacturing cost widely.
Two-band:
In the present invention, two waveband work is by being designed to waveguide to obtain like this, and promptly this waveguide comprises two waveguides: by coaxial waveguide around interior disc waveguide and coaxial waveguide.This disc waveguide is used for higher frequency band, and supports TE11 disc waveguide pattern as the patent of institute's reference.Coaxial waveguide is used for lower frequency range, and supports TE11 coaxial waveguide pattern.The former is first degree fundamental mode, and the latter is not, also can not support the TEM pattern because a coaxial line does not need to remove than low-frequency range.The TEM pattern is undesirable, and only need or otherwise stop it to propagate on the line by suitable excitation TE11 pattern.The end and the dielectric joint of the pipe of the center of subreflector, ripple, close subreflector all are designed to have good antenna radiation pattern two frequency ranges.Several possible geometries are arranged.Subreflector can have the ripple of different depth, so that all suitably work as desired two frequency ranges.The most shallow ripple should be 0.25 to 0.5 wavelength in higher frequency band dark, and darker ripple should be 0.25 to 0.5 wavelength in higher frequency band dark.
The feeder protection:
In the present invention, the end of pipe and the sensitizing range between the ripple and ripple itself are filled by dielectric material whole or in part, so that make them not be subjected to the influence of rainwater, dust or other undesirable materials, these materials can destroy its performance.The present invention also is used for the antenna of good environment, because compare with the standard antenna of the European patent of institute reference, the performance of this improvement antenna is not necessarily poor in other respects.
Therefore, according to the present invention, a kind of antenna system is provided, wherein reflector (10) and feed unit (11) are used for launching or the reception electromagnetic wave, this antenna system by the inner waveguide (15) of main reflector (10), waveguide (12), have the subreflector (13) of annular groove or ripple (16), and the dielectric joint in the space (14) constitutes between the second end of described subreflector and described waveguide, and it is characterized in that: main reflector has according to the determined ring focusing parabolic shape of following formula:
Wherein z is the axial coordinate of measuring along symmetry axis, and ρ is the radial coordinate from this measurement, and F is the focal length of reflector, and ρ
0It is the radius of ring focusing, the ring focusing radius generally is 0.5 to 1.5 times of described waveguide radius herein, this depends on the size of described subreflector and described joint, wherein because limited allowable deviation and different methods for designing, main reflector may have deviation with the parabolic formula of ring focusing, the root-mean-square value of this difference is up to 0.02 wavelength, wherein reflector can use together with different waveguides and the subreflector that designs for different frequency range, in this case, the parabolic formula of ring focusing under above-mentioned restriction at least therein a frequency range be effective.
Preferably antenna system according to the present invention comprises that the described waveguide of waveguide is made into one and has the single endless metal cylinder of fixed thickness along its length, and by different modes with this cylinder be fastened to the supporting bracket at main reflector center or main reflector originally on one's body.
Preferably one of them inner cylindrical pipe is positioned at the inside of described waveguide by this way, i.e. formation one coaxial waveguide between the inwall of the outer wall of described pipe and described waveguide.
Preferably wherein dielectric joint comprises circular cone or by this circular cone separated into two parts.
Whole zone quilt between best wherein said subreflector and the described waveguide is filled dielectric material wholly or in part.
Best wherein said dielectric material extends in one or more or all ripples.
One or more dielectric rings are preferably wherein arranged, the outermost end of ring metallizes by this way, it is the coaxial layer that they form dielectric material and metal, this ring is around the edge of described main reflector, and wherein the degree of depth of filling the coaxial waveguide openend by the formed medium of dielectric layer generally is 0.5 to 0.75 times of dielectric material wavelength.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 and 2 represents the axial cross section of two reflector antenna examples.
Fig. 3 represents the feeder of making according to the European patent of institute's reference and has the axial cross section of an example of the pipe of making according to claim 7.
Fig. 4 represents the axial cross section right view of the ring focusing reflector optimized, and is represented by dotted lines the point focusing reflector of standard.
Fig. 5 represents the uninflated axial cross section in main reflector center of antenna.
Fig. 6 represents that the main reflector center of antenna has the axial cross section that a level altitude raises and distinguishes.
Fig. 7 represents that the main reflector center of antenna has the axial cross section that Gauss raises and distinguishes.
Fig. 8 represents Fig. 5,6 and 7 is plotted among the same figure, three kinds of different situations in Correlation Centre district.
Fig. 9 represents when subreflector is connected with effective two metallic screws, the axial cross-sectional view and the top view on the H plane of subreflector and pipe.
Figure 10 represents when subreflector is connected with effective two sheet metals, the axial cross-sectional view and the top view on the H plane of subreflector and pipe.
When Figure 11,12,13 and 14 expression, ripples fluted and metallized dielectric ring when its edge, the axial cross section of main reflector outside.
The axial cross-sectional view of two examples of Figure 15 and 16 expression waveguides, waveguide comprises a disc waveguide and coaxial waveguide that is used for two-band work.
Figure 17,18 and 19 expressions have the axial cross section of the feeder example of dielectric protection.
Embodiment
Antenna shown in Fig. 1 and 2 comprises a main reflector 10.There is the tubulose feed unit (feed element) 11 of a self-supporting centre of main reflector 10.The center of main reflector is the rising district with gaussian shape 21 among Fig. 1, and the center of main reflector is the rising district with level altitude among Fig. 2.According to the present invention, main reflector is made with heavy metal among Fig. 1, and there are three grooves 40 at the edge of main reflector.One of them groove is around real edge, and two other groove is in the side of reflector structure.Can be the independent combination of each groove, also can be groove and the combination that realizes other examples of the present invention.Reflector among Fig. 2 is made by sheet metal, and wherein the external margin district is bent to form a flange sharp backward, to strengthen this reflector.Usually a thin-medium sheet 50 that is referred to as radome is arranged, and it is positioned at the reflector front, and is fixed in the edge with becket 51 and hook (not shown).According to the present invention, a metallized dielectric sheet that bends towards the ring 41 at the rich edge of ring is arranged between becket 51 and reflector flange.The outside of dielectric ring is metallized, and its bottom and inboard can be metallized also and can not be metallized.
Feeder among Fig. 3 has a cylindrical tube 12 and a subreflector 13.The inner surface of pipe 12 constitutes a ring-type cylindrical waveguide 15.This waveguide is designed to propagate basic mode TE11.This waveguide must have one greater than the diameter of 0.6 (being similar to) wavelength less than 1.2 (being similar to) wavelength.Pipe 12 and waveguide 15 are mainly made with electric conducting material.According to the European patent of institute's reference, on the surface of subreflector, has an annular ripple 16 at least.These ripples of filling for air or medium guarantee to stop electromagnetic wave to propagate along this surface, and no matter electric field still is tangent with it with this Surface Vertical.This point is for realizing that low secondary lobe is very important.The diameter of subreflector is always greater than the diameter of pipe.One gap 14 is arranged between the end of subreflector and waveguide 15.This gap 14 is partly or entirely filled with dielectric material.Though this is that subreflector is connected in pipe is necessary on 12, this also is a kind of means of control radiation characteristic and impedance matching.
As can be seen, the bottom of the best ring focusing reflector 10 among Fig. 4 is more a little than the bottom flat of standard paraboloidal reflector 19.These two kinds of reflectors are regulated by this way mutually, even the focus of their coincident and paraboloidal reflector is positioned at and the vertical same level of the paraboloidal focusing annulate shaft of ring focusing.This makes the paraboloidal focal length of the paraboloidal focal distance ratio of ring focusing a little short slightly, as shown in the figure.
Fig. 5 represents the main reflector 10 that a center does not raise and distinguishes, and Fig. 6 and two different rising districts of 7 expressions.Rising district among Fig. 6 can clearly regard the flat board 20 that level altitude is arranged as on original reflector shape.Fig. 7 represents that one has the example of Gauss's height profile 21.Clearly visible this rising is distinguished in Fig. 6, just become more clearly visible but in Fig. 8, three profile figure are painted on a time-out.The maximum of Gauss's profile occurs in the symmetry axis place, but because this center is porose, does not therefore in fact exist.According to the present invention, Fig. 5, the 6 and 7 expressions district that raises, but should be appreciated that and the invention is not restricted to these height profiles.Particularly Gauss's profile can be by changing the parameter ρ in its formula
tChange.
Fig. 9 represents according to the present invention subreflector 13 to be connected to the position of two metallic screws 30 of pipe 12 ends.Two screws are positioned at the H face, and wherein electric field is vertical with screw, so that they are to the Effect on Performance minimum.Figure 10 represents according to two thin connecting plates 31 of the present invention.They penetrate in the little narrow slit of subreflector and pipe end, and are fixed on the there with welding or additive method.These plates also are positioned at the H plane and they are directed by this way, promptly should make them that as far as possible little orientation limit is arranged, and make the field of generation stop and can ignore.The invention is not restricted to the implementation shown in the figure.Particularly one of them screw can remove among Fig. 9, or a plurality of screw is positioned at same H plane abreast.This two boards also can be combined into a plate, and this piece plate stretches by the center of subreflector and pipe, or polylith plate arranged side by side.
The reflector edge that is illustrated in Figure 11,12,13 and 14 realizes 4 kinds of different schemes of so-called choke (choke).Ripple 40 among Figure 11 and every kind of scheme all are provided with according to the present invention.Make a ring 41 with dielectric material among Figure 12 and realize chokes, and encircle 41 a metallized outer surface 42 is arranged around reflector edge.Choke is the beginning in this case, therefore for as choke work, and must be between 0.5 and 0.75 dielectric wavelength.Among Figure 12, metal is also arranged at dielectric ring 41 even its bottom 43.Its length should be between 0.25 and 0.5 dielectric wavelength.Ripple and dielectric ring can utilize a support 51 to be combined into a radome 50 in the reflector front.The invention is not restricted to the implementation shown in the figure.Particularly, can there be more dielectric ring the outside each other, no matter is with or without sheet metal between them.
Figure 15 and 16 expression pipes 12 comprise two kinds of implementations of disc waveguide 15 and coaxial waveguide 60.Inner cylindrical pipe 61 usefulness electric conducting materials (metal) between the waveguide are made.The shape of the end of pipe, the end of inner cylinder and dielectric joint 14 all should make in two wave bands has best radiance.Pipe is configured as a circular cone 62 in being achieved in that among Figure 15, and circular cone 62 is stretched over circumferential opening and dielectric joint is divided into two parts.Solution among Figure 16 is the ripple 16 that comprises two kinds of different depths, so that all work bestly in two frequency ranges.The invention is not restricted to two kinds of implementations shown in Figure 15 and 16.For example the solution among Figure 15 can have the ripple of double-depth, and the solution among Figure 16 can have hardware in joint inside.
Feeder among Figure 17,18 and 19 not only between the end of pipe and subreflector the core in gap dielectric material is arranged, and also have, and partially or completely cover ripple 16 in the zone of diameter greater than the diameter of pipe.Waveguide in some applications also can be filled with dielectric material fully, so that prevent that rain water-harvesting is in pipe.The cross section that medium is filled can have Any shape, yet has only represented three kinds of examples in the accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing has been represented several different designs of the present invention, however, should be understood that also having many other possible design forms is within the scope of the present invention.
Explanation to operation principle
The operation principle of this antenna is described in the European patent of institute's reference, will no longer repeat here, but improvements be will be described.
The ring focusing reflector: the ring focusing reflector is worked by this way, be that ripple is propagated and distances different slightly in paraboloidal reflector, by this way, the ring focusing reflector is to the elliposoidal phase front correction of this feeder radiation field, and to make the phase place of aperture fields be constant.
The center that raises: the center that main reflector raises causes the little disturbance from the reflected wave of primary reflector surface.This disturbance is extended in the district that raises, and has an amplitude that is proportional to disturbance height (for low height).When transforming to certain big or small aperture, compare with no disturbance aperture fields and will have the opposite same-amplitude of phase place from the radiation of this disturbance.Like this, it will produce the interference of a minimum at the focus place.Many different height profiles can be accomplished this point.By the mirror field of disturbance corresponding to a small-bore from the radiation of reflector center.Field distribution on the whole aperture with highly be directly proportional, this means we can utilize highly distribute control it.Known already by the aperture theory that Gauss's aperture fields provided low especially secondary lobe, so also can provide low especially secondary lobe with the aperture fields of this disturbance.Therefore, Gauss's height profile provides lower secondary lobe than level altitude profile.
Metallic screw: knew already that if electric field and metallic cylinder quadrature, then metallic cylinder will cause that very little field stops and scattering.Know that equally also if electric field and metallic plate quadrature and a direction incident in the metallic plate plane, then metallic plate will cause that very little stops and scattering.So, when we with screw and plate as described in the invention when being arranged in the H plane, they are very little to Effect on Performance.If we are arranged at cylinder and plate in the E plane improperly, then they will thoroughly destroy the performance of antenna.
Edge waviness: ripple and groove often are referred to as choke or pressure release surface.For operate as normal, their degree of depth must be between 0.25 to 0.5 wavelength.When their degree of depth is 0.25 wavelength, and when at the slot opening place conductivity short circuit being transformed to the magnetic current of open circuit or equivalence thus, can work preferably.This open circuit can stop surface current to flow, and can not propagate along it with the E electric field of surperficial quadrature thus.If the open recess that we fill with medium substitutes, then groove depth must be between 0.5 to 0.75 wavelength, to provide an open circuit or at the equivalent magnetic conductor of opening part.Like this, to make the ripple of propagating with the direction of they quadratures be that the electric field strength of E is zero to these chokes.This will reduce the field deflection around reflector edge, and obtain lower secondary lobe thus.
Two-band: except radiation in a frequency range encouraged by coaxial waveguide, the antenna that the European patent of dual-band antenna and reference is described was worked in the same way.Between the end of subreflector and pipe and the end regions of pipe must be designed to can both provide best effort two frequency ranges.
The feeder protection: the antenna of filling with medium between the end of subreflector and pipe is the same with the working method of the antenna that does not have medium to fill, but its design is more difficult, because undesirable mode of resonance may occur in dielectric area.These patterns may be destroyed the performance of antenna, but volume that can be by reducing the medium fill area or design with the material of airbag or low-k and partially or completely to eliminate them.
Claims (23)
1. antenna system, wherein reflector (10) and feed unit (11) are used for launching or the reception electromagnetic wave, this antenna system by the inner waveguide (15) of main reflector (10), waveguide (12), have the subreflector (13) of annular groove or ripple (16), and the dielectric joint in the space (14) constitutes between the second end of described subreflector and described waveguide, and it is characterized in that: main reflector has according to the determined ring focusing parabolic shape of following formula:
Wherein z is the axial coordinate of measuring along symmetry axis, and ρ is the radial coordinate from this measurement, and F is the focal length of reflector, and ρ
0It is the radius of ring focusing, the ring focusing radius generally is 0.5 to 1.5 times of described waveguide radius herein, this depends on the size of described subreflector and described joint, wherein because limited allowable deviation and different methods for designing, main reflector may have deviation with the parabolic formula of ring focusing, the root-mean-square value of this difference is up to 0.02 wavelength, wherein reflector can use together with different waveguides and the subreflector that designs for different frequency range, in this case, the parabolic formula of ring focusing under above-mentioned restriction at least therein a frequency range be effective.
2. antenna system as claimed in claim 1, one rising district is wherein arranged at the center of the described main reflector (10) that centers on the described waveguide (12) with first and second ends, the maximum that the height in district of wherein raising has with respect to the main reflector (10) that is essentially parabola or ring focusing shape is generally between 0.1 to 0.25 wavelength, and highly reducing to the diameter that has between its peaked 0.37 times 2 of locating generally between 1.9 to 7 wavelength, this depends on the frequency and the focal length of reflector.
3. antenna system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rising district has flat cross sectional shape.
4. antenna system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rising district has such cross sectional shape, and promptly this cross sectional shape has level altitude (20) with respect to basic main reflector (10) for parabola or ring focusing shape.
5. antenna system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rising district has such cross sectional shape, promptly this cross sectional shape have near the maximum of waveguide to the height (21) that progressively diminishes at a distance of the null value of a certain radius with waveguide.
6. antenna system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rising district utilizes dielectric-slab to realize, this dielectric-slab can have different cross sectional shapes, wherein the height of dielectric-slab has maximum with respect to the main reflector that is essentially parabola or ring focusing shape, with do not have dielectric-slab and compare, 70 to 180 ° phase delay is provided, and for highly reducing to diameter between its peaked 0.37 times 2 of locating generally between 1.9 to 7 wavelength, this depends on the frequency and the focal length of this reflector.
7. antenna system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said dielectric-slab has flat cross sectional shape.
8. antenna system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said dielectric-slab has such cross sectional shape, and promptly this cross sectional shape has level altitude (20) with respect to basic main reflector (10) for parabola or ring focusing shape.
9. antenna system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said dielectric-slab has such cross sectional shape, promptly this cross sectional shape have near the maximum of waveguide to the height (21) that progressively diminishes at a distance of the null value of a certain radius with waveguide.
10. as claim 2 or 3 described antenna systems, one fastener is wherein arranged, this fastener is positioned at the plane by the central shaft of described waveguide and described subreflector, and be positioned at this two opposite sides, the quadrature mutually of the axial electric field in this plane and the described waveguide wherein is to be used for linear polarization.
11. antenna system as claimed in claim 10, wherein said fastener is being set up screw (30) that firm metal is connected or flat metallic object (31) for being used between described subreflector (10) and the described waveguide (12).
12. the antenna system of stating as claim 10, the groove (40) that wherein has one or more air or medium to fill, the dielectric ring (41) that perhaps has metallization outer surface (42) and bottom (43), described dielectric ring forms the groove that a medium is filled effectively, be arranged in described main reflector (10) or around the edge of described main reflector (10), wherein the degree of depth of these grooves generally is 0.25 to 0.5 times of wavelength of material in this groove.
13. antenna system as claimed in claim 12, be made into one comprising the described waveguide (12) of waveguide (15) and have the single endless metal cylinder of fixed thickness along its length, and by different modes with this cylinder be fastened to the supporting bracket at main reflector center or main reflector originally on one's body.
14. antenna system as claimed in claim 13, one of them inner cylindrical pipe (61) is positioned at the inside of described waveguide (12) by this way, promptly forms a coaxial waveguide (60) between the inwall of the outer wall of described pipe (61) and described waveguide (12).
15. the described antenna system of claim 14, wherein dielectric joint (14) comprises circular cone (62) or by this circular cone separated into two parts, this circular cone be connected to described in pipe (61).
16. antenna system as claimed in claim 14, the whole zone quilt between wherein said subreflector (13) and the described waveguide (12) is filled dielectric material wholly or in part.
17. antenna system as claimed in claim 16, wherein said dielectric material extend in one or more or all ripples (16).
18. antenna system as claimed in claim 10, one or more dielectric rings (41) are wherein arranged, the outermost end (42) of ring metallizes by this way, it is the coaxial layer that they form dielectric material and metal, this ring is around the edge of described main reflector, and wherein the degree of depth of filling the coaxial waveguide openend by the formed medium of dielectric layer generally is 0.5 to 0.75 times of dielectric material wavelength.
19. antenna system as claimed in claim 18, be made into one comprising the described waveguide (12) of waveguide (15) and have the single endless metal cylinder of fixed thickness along its length, and by different modes with this cylinder be fastened to the supporting bracket at main reflector center or main reflector originally on one's body.
20. antenna system as claimed in claim 19, one of them inner cylindrical pipe (61) is positioned at the inside of described waveguide (12) by this way, promptly forms a coaxial waveguide (60) between the inwall of the outer wall of described pipe (61) and described waveguide (12).
21. antenna system as claimed in claim 20, wherein dielectric joint (14) comprises circular cone (62) or by this circular cone separated into two parts, this circular cone be connected to described in pipe (61).
22. antenna system as claimed in claim 20, the whole zone quilt between wherein said subreflector (13) and the described waveguide (12) is filled dielectric material wholly or in part.
23. antenna system as claimed in claim 20, wherein said dielectric material extend in one or more or all ripples (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5622097P | 1997-08-21 | 1997-08-21 | |
| US60/056,220 | 1997-08-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1271470A CN1271470A (en) | 2000-10-25 |
| CN1151590C true CN1151590C (en) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=22002986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB988093979A Expired - Lifetime CN1151590C (en) | 1997-08-21 | 1998-08-18 | Improved reflector antenna with a self-supported feed |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1004151B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1151590C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU9011998A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9811241A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69836636D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999010950A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101976766A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-02-16 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Ultrahigh-performance microwave antenna and feed source assembly thereof |
| CN109478725A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-03-15 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Double frequency-band paraboloid microwave antenna system |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6285332B1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-09-04 | Trw Inc. | Frequency selective reflector |
| SE515493C2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-08-13 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Sub reflector, feeder and reflector antenna including such a sub reflector. |
| JP4084299B2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2008-04-30 | シャープ株式会社 | Feed horn, radio wave receiving converter and antenna |
| CN1921222B (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2010-08-25 | 西南师范大学 | Minitype radar reflector |
| DE102005049242B4 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-01-24 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Parabolic antenna with conical lens for level radar |
| FR2895154B1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2008-01-25 | Alcatel Sa | METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A RADIO COMMUNICATION ANTENNA, RADIOCOMMUNICATION ANTENNA ASSEMBLED BY SUCH A METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A METHOD OF ASSEMBLY |
| JP5339160B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2013-11-13 | 日本電気株式会社 | ANTENNA DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE HAVING THE SAME |
| JP5743476B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2015-07-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | antenna |
| RU2503021C2 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-12-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Информационные спутниковые системы" имени академика М.Ф. Решетнёва" | Method to measure coefficient of reflection of flat reflector in microwave range and device for its realisation |
| CN102931493B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-06-17 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Antenna and feed source assembly thereof |
| CN102956976B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-06-17 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Antenna and feed source assembly thereof |
| CN105009368A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-10-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Dual-reflector microwave antenna |
| CN108432049B (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2020-12-29 | 阿卜杜拉阿齐兹国王科技城 | Efficient planar phased array antenna assembly |
| JP2018537922A (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2018-12-20 | タレス・アレーニア・スペース・イタリア・エッセ・ピ・ア・コン・ウニコ・ソシオ | Dual reflector antenna and associated antenna system for on-board use in low earth orbit satellites for high-throughput data downlink and / or for telemetry, tracking and command |
| WO2018120197A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and communication device |
| CN109244676B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2024-05-28 | 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 | Dual-frequency feed source assembly and dual-frequency microwave antenna |
| CN108281751A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-13 | 陕西维萨特科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high performance microwave splash plate feed source antenna |
| EP3561946B1 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-09-01 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Dual-band polariser |
| EP3561956B1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-09-22 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd | A multi-band radio-frequency (rf) antenna system |
| DE102018217173A1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2020-04-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | REFLECTOR SYSTEM IN A RADAR TARGET SIMULATOR FOR TESTING THE OPERATION OF A RADAR SENSOR AND METHOD FOR TESTING THE OPERATION OF A RADAR SENSOR |
| WO2020076808A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2020-04-16 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Feed systems for multi-band parabolic reflector microwave antenna systems |
| CN109974636B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-08-14 | 上海交通大学 | Antenna surface shape measuring method |
| SE544567C2 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2022-07-19 | Leax Arkivator Telecom Ab | An antenna with reduced back-lobe radiation |
| CN110739552B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-10-22 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| US11621494B2 (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2023-04-04 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Feed for an antenna system comprising a sub-reflector and a main reflector |
| CN112909578B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-03-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low-profile broadband all-metal transmission array antenna |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE466752A (en) * | 1945-07-21 | |||
| DE2240893A1 (en) * | 1972-08-19 | 1974-03-07 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | MIRROR ANTENNA, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE 12 GHZ BAND |
| NO864563L (en) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-04 | Sintef | REFLECTOR ANTENNA WITH SELF-SUSTAINABLE MEASUREMENT ELEMENT. |
| DE4002913A1 (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1991-08-08 | Ant Nachrichtentech | DOUBLE REFLECTOR ANTENNA |
-
1998
- 1998-08-18 WO PCT/SE1998/001478 patent/WO1999010950A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-08-18 BR BR9811241-4A patent/BR9811241A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-18 DE DE69836636T patent/DE69836636D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 AU AU90119/98A patent/AU9011998A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-18 EP EP98941971A patent/EP1004151B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 CN CNB988093979A patent/CN1151590C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101976766A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-02-16 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Ultrahigh-performance microwave antenna and feed source assembly thereof |
| CN101976766B (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2014-06-11 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Ultrahigh-performance microwave antenna and feed source assembly thereof |
| CN109478725A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-03-15 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Double frequency-band paraboloid microwave antenna system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999010950A3 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| WO1999010950A2 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
| AU9011998A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
| EP1004151B1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| BR9811241A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
| DE69836636D1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| CN1271470A (en) | 2000-10-25 |
| EP1004151A2 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1151590C (en) | Improved reflector antenna with a self-supported feed | |
| US6137449A (en) | Reflector antenna with a self-supported feed | |
| US8102324B2 (en) | Sub-reflector of a dual-reflector antenna | |
| US20050062663A1 (en) | Tuned perturbation cone feed for reflector antenna | |
| CN1322034A (en) | Microwave antenna | |
| CN106129593A (en) | A kind of all-metal Phased Array Radar Antenna unit of two dimension wide angle scanning | |
| CN1574461A (en) | Reflector antenna feed | |
| CN109244676B (en) | Dual-frequency feed source assembly and dual-frequency microwave antenna | |
| CN112003025A (en) | Reflecting surface and compact range measuring system with same | |
| WO2020238909A1 (en) | Antenna and feed source assembly | |
| CN1115009C (en) | Feed source of corrugated horn for improving cross polarization characterisitics of offset parabolic antenna | |
| CN112421238B (en) | Satellite-borne wide-beam corrugated horn antenna | |
| CN112599980B (en) | Dual-band multimode combined feed source loudspeaker | |
| CN1922765B (en) | Radio wave lens antenna device | |
| CN110350319B (en) | Millimeter wave omnidirectional lens antenna | |
| CN108232460B (en) | Small-caliber conical horn with equal wave beam | |
| CN107634339B (en) | High-directivity umbrella-shaped convex surface common reflector antenna based on super surface | |
| KR101727961B1 (en) | Apparatus for communicating satellite signal | |
| CN200983399Y (en) | X wave band shaping antenna | |
| CN219739303U (en) | Variable beam-pointing metal dielectric lens antenna | |
| CN219123485U (en) | Parabolic antenna | |
| CN215955487U (en) | High-gain wide-beam parabolic antenna | |
| CN117293560B (en) | Ultra-wideband dual polarized lens antenna | |
| CN216251149U (en) | Horn antenna oscillator integrated with blind mating connector | |
| CN220474904U (en) | High directional anti-interference horn antenna |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20170313 Address after: Gothenburg Patentee after: Guy oovey Foss AG Address before: Sweden Pick J Bo Patentee before: Kildal Antenna Consulting AB |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20040526 |