CN115158385A

CN115158385A - Method and structure for reducing deflection stiffness of laminated spring mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN115158385A
Application number: CN202210906177.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程海涛; 陈俊辉; 侯茂锐; 李静; 陈璋; 张玉祥; 唐运轮; 邓梦君; 赵斌; 黄涛
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-29
Filing date: 2022-07-29
Publication date: 2022-10-11

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction of railway vehicles, and particularly discloses a method and a structure for reducing deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism, wherein the laminated spring structure comprises a steel spring, an upper connecting piece and a lower vibration reducing piece which are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the steel spring, the lower vibration reducing piece comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a rubber pad vulcanized between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the lower connecting plate comprises a rectangular section structure and an arc section structure, and the rubber pad is vulcanized on the arc section structure; and a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively arranged on the lower connecting plate and the rubber pad, a middle top plate is arranged above the second cavity of the upper connecting plate, and a detachable locking piece is arranged between the middle top plate and the upper connecting piece to ensure the radial rigidity of the lower vibration damping piece through a rectangular section. The bonding area of the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate can be increased through the arc-shaped section, so that the deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced while the radial stiffness is ensured.

Description

Method and structure for reducing deflection stiffness of laminated spring mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a structure for reducing deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction of railway vehicles.

Background

In a railway vehicle, a laminated spring mechanism is generally used between an axlebox and a bogie frame as a primary suspension device to perform vibration isolation and vibration reduction on a vehicle body, thereby improving the running stability of the railway vehicle and the riding comfort of passengers. The laminated spring mechanism is formed by serially combining a series of rubber damping pads and a steel spring set which are arranged on a pivot arm of the axle box, wherein the steel spring set is positioned at the upper end of the rubber damping pads.

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional rubber vibration damping pad includes an upper connecting plate 2, a lower connecting plate 1 and a rubber pad 3 vulcanized between the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 1 of the laminated spring mechanism is of a straight structure, the rubber pad 3 is horizontally bonded with the lower connecting plate 1 and the upper connecting plate 2, the deflection rigidity of the rubber pad 3 and the whole laminated spring mechanism is large, when a vehicle passes through a working condition with a large deflection angle, such as when passing through a curve, the vibration damping performance of the laminated spring mechanism with large deflection rigidity is affected, and the rubber profiles on the inner side and the outer side of the rubber pad 3 are also easily folded and accumulated.

Therefore, how to design a laminated spring mechanism that can reduce the deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism and prevent the rubber pad from being accumulated and broken is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method and a structure for reducing deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for reducing deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism comprises the steps that a lower connecting plate in a lower vibration damping part is arranged to be a combined structure comprising a rectangular section and an arc-shaped section protruding towards an upper connecting plate, and the lower end face of a rubber pad at the joint of the lower connecting plate is matched with the structure of the lower connecting plate; the radial stiffness of the lower vibration damping part is ensured through the rectangular section, and the bonding area between the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate is increased through the arc-shaped section, so that the deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced while the radial stiffness is ensured.

Preferably, the lower end face of the upper connecting plate is arranged to be an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the steel spring, and the upper end face of the rubber pad at the joint of the upper connecting plate is matched with the structure of the upper connecting plate; the outer profile of the rubber pad is designed into a multi-arc segment combined structure forming an inner concave area; the deflection rigidity of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced through the cooperation of the upper end face of the rubber pad, the lower end face of the rubber pad and the outer side molded surface with the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate.

A laminated spring mechanism is designed by adopting the method, and comprises a steel spring, an upper connecting piece and a lower vibration damping piece which are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the steel spring, wherein the lower vibration damping piece comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a rubber pad vulcanized between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the lower connecting plate comprises a rectangular section structure and an arc section structure, and the rubber pad is vulcanized on the arc section structure; the outer molded surface of the rubber pad is of an arc segment structure; the lower connecting plate and the rubber pad are respectively provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the upper connecting plate is provided with a middle top plate above the second cavity, and a detachable locking piece is arranged between the middle top plate and the upper connecting piece.

Preferably, the rectangular section structure comprises an inner rectangular section positioned below the second cavity and an outer rectangular section positioned outside the rubber pad; the arc section is located between interior rectangle section and the outer rectangle section, and the arc section includes towards the convex last arc segment of upper junction plate, and the lower terminal surface and the last arc segment of rubber pad match the setting.

Preferably, the upper arc segment comprises a first arc segment close to the inner rectangular segment and a second arc segment close to the outer rectangular segment, and the relationship between the diameter R1 of the first arc segment and the diameter R2 of the second arc segment is as follows: r1 is more than or equal to 1.2R2.

Preferably, the lower end of the outer side profile of the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate are connected to a connecting point D1 of the second arc segment and the upper end face of the outer rectangular segment, and the lower end of the inner side profile of the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate are connected to a connecting point D2 of the first arc segment and the upper end face of the inner rectangular segment.

Preferably, the thickness H1 and width H2 of the inner rectangular section are both greater than the thickness H3 and width H4 of the outer rectangular section; the relationship between the overall volume V1 of the inner rectangular section and the overall volume V2 of the outer rectangular section is: v1 is more than or equal to 3V2.

Preferably, the part of the bottom end face of the lower connecting plate, which is located between the inner rectangular section and the outer rectangular section, is a third arc section of an arc line structure, and the diameter R3 of the third arc section is less than or equal to 1.5R2, so that the whole volume V1 of the inner rectangular section is smaller than the whole volume V2 of the outer rectangular section, and the thickness H1 of the inner rectangular section is smaller than the thickness H3 of the outer rectangular section.

Preferably, the lower end face of the upper connecting plate is of an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the steel spring, and the upper end face of the rubber pad and the lower end face of the upper connecting plate are matched to form an arc-shaped line section IV; the outer side molded surface comprises a first rubber section connected with the fourth arc section, and the first rubber section protrudes outwards and is positioned on the inner side below the side end surface of the upper connecting plate.

Preferably, the outer profile comprises a rubber section II which is connected with the lower end of the rubber section I and protrudes towards the inner side, and a rubber section V which is connected with the point D1 and protrudes towards the outer side; the upper end of the rubber section II is connected with the rubber section III which protrudes towards the inner side; the diameters of the rubber section II and the rubber section IV are larger than that of the rubber section III; the rubber section II, the rubber section III and the rubber section IV form an inner concave area together, wherein the rubber section III is a concave bottom of the inner concave area, and the radius r of the inner concave area is 1mm-5mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the lower connecting plate is of an arc-shaped section and rectangular section combined structure, the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate are matched in structure and connected to the upper end of the arc-shaped section structure, the bonding area and the whole volume between the rubber pad and the upper end face of the lower connecting plate can be increased through the arc-shaped section structure, the deflection stiffness of the rubber pad and the whole deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism are reduced, and meanwhile, the rectangular section structure can also increase radial support performance while keeping low deflection stiffness.

2. The lower end face of the upper connecting plate is of an arc-shaped structure, the rubber pad is matched with the upper connecting plate in structure, the bonding area and the volume between the rubber pad and the upper connecting plate can be increased, and the deflection stiffness of the rubber pad and the laminated spring mechanism is further increased.

Meanwhile, the upper end face of the lower connecting plate and the lower end face of the upper connecting plate of the arc-shaped structure enable the rubber pad to be extruded smoothly along the arc-shaped section when loaded, so that the rubber body in the rubber pad is prevented from being stacked and folded, and the service life of the rubber body is prolonged.

3. The lower end face of the lower connecting plate is of an arc structure matched with the axle box rotating arm, so that the installation and use scenes of the laminated spring mechanism can be increased, the bonding area and the volume between the rubber pad and the lower connecting plate can be further increased as required, and the deflection rigidity is further reduced.

4. The outer side profile of the rubber pad is a combined profile structure with multiple cambered surface sections, and specifically comprises a rubber section I and a rubber section V which are positioned at two ends of the outer side profile and protrude towards the outer side, and a rubber section II, a rubber section III and a rubber section IV which are positioned between the rubber section I and the rubber section V and protrude towards the inner side, wherein an inner concave area capable of reducing deflection rigidity is formed by the rubber section II, the rubber section III and the rubber section IV, and the rubber pad is ensured to have low deflection rigidity and good support rigidity at the end part of the outer side profile.

5. The locking part capable of pre-compressing the steel spring is arranged between the locking platform and the upper connecting piece, and the steel spring can be pre-compressed before being installed or detached, so that the overall volume of the steel spring and the laminated spring mechanism is reduced, the installation and the detachment of the bogie frame and the axle box rotating arm when the space is small are met, and the small-space installation and the small-space detachment of the laminated spring mechanism are realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a laminated spring mechanism according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the lower damping member of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a middle and lower damping member according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a middle-lower shock absorbing member according to a third embodiment.

Description of the reference numerals:

1. a lower connecting plate; 2. an upper connecting plate; 3. a rubber pad; 4. a steel spring; 5. a rectangular section; 6. an arc-shaped section; 7. a first cavity; 8. a second cavity; 9. a middle top plate; 9a, a locking platform; 9b, a side support table; 10. a locking member; 10a, a locking head; 10b, a locking lever; 11. an inner rectangular section; 12. an outer rectangular section; 13. a placement groove; 14. a first arc segment; 15. a second arc segment; 16. an arc segment III; 17. an outer profile; 18. an inner profile; 19. a locking cavity; 20. a bottom wall; 21. a side wall; 22. a compression plate; 23. a locking hole II; 24. a lower positioning column; 25. an upper positioning column; 26. adjusting the base plate; 27. A bottom end face; 28. an axle box boom; 29. an inner recessed region; 30. a fourth arc segment; 31. a side end face; 32. a rubber section I; 33. a rubber section II; 34. a rubber section III; 35. a rubber section IV; 36. a rubber section five; 37. and (3) buffer rubber.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 2-5. In the embodiment, the inner side is a side facing the central axis L of the laminated spring mechanism, and the outer side is a side away from the central axis L.

Example one

A method for reducing deflection rigidity of a laminated spring mechanism is characterized in that a lower connecting plate 1 in a lower vibration damper is arranged to be a combined structure comprising a rectangular section 5 and an arc-shaped section 6 protruding towards an upper connecting plate 2, the bonding area of a rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 can be increased through the arc-shaped section 6, and the radial rigidity of the lower vibration damper can be increased through the rectangular section 5, so that the deflection rigidity of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced while the radial rigidity is ensured; the lower terminal surface of the rubber pad 3 to be connected with the lower connecting plate 1 is matched with the structure of the lower connecting plate 1, namely, the lower terminal surface of the rubber pad 3 is also a cambered line structure protruding towards the upper connecting plate 2, when the rubber pad 3 is loaded during the movement of the vehicle body, the lower terminal surface of the rubber pad 3 can be deformed along the cambered line, the rubber pad 3 can be prevented from being folded and accumulated, and the service life of the rubber pad 3 is prolonged.

The lower end face of the upper connecting plate 2 is arranged to be a cambered surface structure protruding towards the steel spring 4, and the upper end face of the rubber pad 3 at the joint of the upper connecting plate 2 is matched with the structure of the upper connecting plate 2; when the rubber pad 3 deforms under load, the upper end surface of the rubber pad 3 with the cambered surface structure can deform along the cambered surface, so that the bending and the fracture are prevented; meanwhile, compared with the rubber pad 3 with a straight structure, the rubber pad 3 protruding towards the steel spring 4 has a larger volume and a larger bonding area with the upper connecting plate 2, so that the deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism can be effectively reduced; establish the outside profile 17 of rubber pad 3 into the many arcs section integrated configuration that forms interior depressed area 29, interior depressed area 29 can reduce the lateral part volume of the rubber body 3, provides deformation volume space for rubber pad 3 simultaneously, and many arcs section integrated configuration can make outside profile 17 deform along the pitch arc, reduces the fold rupture phenomenon of rubber, reduces the deflection rigidity of rubber pad 3.

From last, will be towards the convex 3 up end of rubber pad, the terminal surface and the outer profile 17 of many arc line section integrated configuration that steel spring 4 makes progress and cooperate with lower connecting plate 1 and upper junction plate 2 under 3, rubber pad 3 through increasing the bonding area between rubber pad 3 and upper junction plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 1, increase the deformability and the deformation space of outer profile 17, can reduce the deflection rigidity of stromatolite spring mechanism jointly, increase the performance and the life of rubber pad 3 simultaneously.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2, the laminated spring mechanism includes a steel spring 4, an upper connecting member and a lower damping member respectively connected to upper and lower ends of the steel spring 4; the lower vibration damping part comprises an upper connecting plate 2, a lower connecting plate 1 and a rubber pad 3 vulcanized between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the upper end of the upper connecting plate 2 is provided with a lower positioning column 24, and the lower end of the steel spring 4 is arranged on the upper connecting plate 2 and is limited by the lower positioning column 24; the upper connecting piece comprises a middle locking cavity 19 and a lateral compression plate 22, an upper positioning column 25 is arranged at the lower end of the compression plate 22, and the upper end of the steel spring 4 is installed on the compression plate 22 and limited by the upper positioning column 25; the steel spring 4 and the rubber pad 3 form a series-connected secondary damping group to enhance the overall damping performance of the laminated spring mechanism.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lower connecting plate 1 comprises a rectangular section 5 structure and an arc-shaped section 6 structure, a first cavity 7 and a second cavity 8 are respectively arranged on the lower connecting plate 1 and the rubber pad 3, the first cavity 7 is positioned in the middle of the lower connecting plate 1, the second cavity 8 is positioned in the middle of the rubber pad 3, and the inner diameter of the second cavity 8 is larger than that of the first cavity 7; the first cavity 7 can save materials and reduce the weight of the whole body under the condition of not influencing the rigidity, and the second cavity 8 can provide a volume space for the deformation of the rubber pad 3 and can reduce the deflection rigidity of the laminated spring mechanism.

As shown in fig. 3, the rectangular section 5 structure comprises an inner rectangular section 11 positioned below the second cavity 8 and an outer rectangular section 12 positioned outside the rubber pad 3; the inner rectangular section 11 is supported below the second cavity 8, the radial rigidity borne by the inner rectangular section is high, the inner rectangular section 11 can make up for the radial rigidity loss caused by the second cavity 8, and the rubber pad 3 is stably supported under the condition of keeping low deflection rigidity; the outer rectangular section 12 can support the outer side part of the rubber pad 3 and the upper connecting plate 2, and the supporting performance of the lower connecting plate 1 is improved through the inner rectangular section 11 and the outer rectangular section 12; the arc-shaped section 6 is positioned between the inner rectangular section 11 and the outer rectangular section 12, the arc-shaped section 6 comprises an upper arc line section protruding towards the upper connecting plate 2, and the lower end surface of the rubber pad 3 is matched with the upper arc line section; the rubber pad 3 is vulcanized on the arc-shaped section 6 structure, when the rubber pad 3 is extruded under load, the lower end surface of the rubber pad 3 can deform along the arc-shaped section, so that the rubber pad 3 can be prevented from being folded and accumulated, and the service life of the rubber pad 3 is prolonged; the outer side molded surface 17 of the rubber pad 3 is of a cambered surface section structure protruding towards the central axis L of the laminated spring mechanism, the structure can avoid the fracture of the outer side molded surface 17 when the rubber pad 3 bears, and meanwhile, the size of the outer side part of the rubber pad 3 can be reduced, and the deflection rigidity is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, the upper arc segment includes a first arc segment 14 close to the inner rectangular segment 11 and a second arc segment 15 close to the outer rectangular segment 12, and the relationship between the diameter R1 of the first arc segment 14 and the diameter R2 of the second arc segment 15 is as follows: r1 is more than or equal to 1.2R2, so that the first arc line section 14 and the second arc line section 15 gradually transit to a downward arc from inside to outside, and the bonding area of the rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 can be increased; the first arc segment 14 is close to the inner rectangular segment 11, the first arc segment 14 in the embodiment is close to a horizontal straight line structure, and the second arc segment 15 is larger than the first arc segment 14 in diameter and is close to the outer rectangular segment 12; therefore, the first arc segment 14 can be matched with the second arc segment 15 to reduce the deflection rigidity of the rubber pad 3 while ensuring the radial rigidity of the rubber pad 3 and the supporting performance of the lower connecting plate 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the outer side profile 17 of the rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 are connected to the connection point D1 of the second arc segment 15 and the upper end surface of the outer rectangular segment 12, and the lower end of the inner side profile 18 of the rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 are connected to the connection point D2 of the first arc segment 14 and the upper end surface of the inner rectangular segment 11; points D1 and D2 are transition points of the rectangular section 5 and the arc-shaped section 6, and compared with the structure that the lower end of the outer side molded surface 17 or the lower end of the inner side molded surface 18 is connected to the arc-shaped section 6, the scheme can increase the bonding area of the rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 so as to reduce deflection rigidity and ensure rigidity; for the structure of the lower extreme of outside profile 17 or the lower extreme of inboard profile 18 is connected on rectangle section 5, this scheme can make the lower terminal surface in the rubber pad 3 outside along arcwall face smooth transition pressurized when bearing, avoids the lower terminal surface in the rubber pad 3 outside to fold on the up end of straight type rectangle section 5 and piles up, improves the life of rubber pad 3.

The thickness H1 and the width H2 of the inner rectangular section 11 are both larger than the thickness H3 and the width H4 of the outer rectangular section 12; the relationship between the overall volume V1 of the inner rectangular section 11 and the overall volume V2 of the outer rectangular section 12 is: v1 is more than or equal to 3V2; in the scheme, the bottom end surface 27 of the lower connecting plate 1 is of a horizontal straight structure, namely, the laminated spring mechanism is connected with the axle box rotating arm 28 through the horizontal straight bottom end surface 27, the rigidity borne by the inner rectangular section 11 is higher, and the inner rectangular section 11 is positioned below the cavity 8, so that the volume of the inner rectangular section 11 is larger, and the middle supporting performance of the lower connecting plate 1 can be enhanced; because the lower extreme of outside profile 17 is connected at D1 point, the less of outer rectangular section 12 setting can support the outside of rubber pad 3, can not reduce the bonding area of rubber pad 3 lower terminal surface and lower connecting plate 1 because the volume of outer rectangular section 12 is too big again in limited space, can guarantee low deflection rigidity.

As shown in FIG. 2, the middle top plate 9 is arranged above the second cavity 8 of the upper connecting plate 1, the detachable locking member 10 is arranged between the middle top plate 9 and the upper connecting member, and the steel spring 4 can be pre-compressed before being installed and disassembled through the locking member 10, so that the laminated spring mechanism can be suitable for small-space installation working conditions and small-space disassembly working conditions.

The upper connecting piece comprises a middle locking cavity 19 and a side compression plate 22, the middle top plate 9 comprises an upper locking platform 9a and a side support platform 9b, the lower part of the side support platform is connected with the upper connecting plate 2, a locking piece 10 extending into the locking platform 9a penetrates through the locking cavity 19, and the steel spring 4 is pre-compressed through the matching of the locking piece 10, the locking cavity 19 and the locking platform 9 a; the locking cavity 19 comprises a bottom wall 20 and a side wall 21 extending upwards from the outer end of the bottom wall 20, and the side wall 21 extends upwards to the upper end of a compression plate 22 so as to be matched with a bogie frame to limit the transverse displacement of the steel spring 4, prevent the steel spring 4 from transversely sliding when a vehicle body runs and avoid the end part of the steel spring 4 from being abraded; the bottom wall 20 is provided with a first locking hole; a locking hole II 23 corresponding to the locking hole I is arranged on the locking platform 9 a; the locking piece 10 passes through the locking hole in the locking cavity 19 and extends into the second locking hole 23, and the steel spring 4 is pre-compressed by applying a downward locking force to the locking piece 10; locking hole one is the through-hole structure, locking hole two 23 is the screw hole structure, retaining member 10 includes locking lever 10b and locking head 10a, locking lever 10b is the screw rod structure with two 23 screw-thread fit in locking hole, locking lever 10b passes the locking hole and stretches into in locking hole two 23 in the lump, precompress steel spring 4 through rotating locking lever 10b downwards, the external diameter of locking head 10a is greater than the internal diameter of locking hole one, in the locking process, the lower extreme butt of locking head 10a is on diapire 20.

An adjusting shim plate 26 is arranged at the upper end of the compression plate 22, the adjusting shim plate 26 is of a metal soft shim structure or a non-metal shim structure, for example, a non-metal rubber structure, and a shim plate of a rubber structure is preferably used in this embodiment; when the steel spring 4 is installed and returns to the normal thickness, the compression plate 22 abuts against the bogie frame, the arrangement of the adjusting base plate 26 can protect the contact surface between the bogie frame and the compression plate 22, the compression plate 22 is prevented from being directly in hard contact with the bogie frame, abrasion between the bogie and the compression plate 22 is avoided, abnormal sound can be prevented, and corrosion and vibration are prevented; at the same time, the adjusting shim plates 26 also compensate for the thickness between the bogie frame and the compression plate 22 due to the elasticity of the adjusting shim plates 26, thereby adjusting the overall thickness between the bogie frame and the pedestal boom.

A first cavity 16 is formed between the locking table 9a and the side supporting table 9b, and the locking member 10 can extend into the first cavity 16 when screwed downwards; the outer wall of the side supporting platform 9b is a conical wall which is inclined towards the outer side from top to bottom, and vertically extends downwards to form a vertical wall 20 at a position close to the upper connecting plate 2; if the outer wall of collateral branch brace 9b is being close to upper junction plate 2 department still for the toper wall structure, will carry out certain restriction to steel spring 4's installation, when steel spring 4's size had the tolerance, the toper wall will lead to steel spring 4 that the tolerance is big can't pack into in standing groove 13 between lower reference column 24 and the collateral branch brace 9b, set up the outer wall of collateral branch brace 9b to vertical wall 20's structure in being close to upper junction plate 2 department, can increase steel spring 4's installation space, reduce the requirement to steel spring 4 tolerance.

The upper end of the locking platform 9a is provided with buffer rubbers 37 at two sides of the locking hole II 23, when the bottom wall 20 stops on the upper end surface of the locking platform 9a, the buffer rubbers 37 can avoid the direct hard contact between the bottom wall 20 and the upper end surface of the locking platform 9a, and the buffer rubbers 37 can provide buffer gaps between the bottom wall 20 and the upper end surface of the locking platform 9 a.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that, in order to be suitable for some pedestal booms 28 with arc-shaped upper end surfaces, or in the case that the structure of some pedestal booms 28 is adjustable, the portion of the bottom end surface 27 of the lower connecting plate 1 between the inner rectangular section 11 and the outer rectangular section 12 is set as the arc section three 16 of the arc structure matched with the upper end surface of the pedestal boom 28, the diameter R3 of the arc section three 16 is less than or equal to 1.5R2, so that the overall volume V1 of the inner rectangular section 11 is smaller than the overall volume V2 of the outer rectangular section 12, and the thickness H1 of the inner rectangular section 11 is smaller than the thickness H3 of the outer rectangular section 12; in the embodiment, because the laminated spring mechanism is connected with the axle box rotating arm 28 through the arc surface, the requirement on the rigidity supporting capacity of the outer side of the connection part is high, the volume V1 and the thickness H1 of the outer rectangular section 12 are large, the supporting performance of the outer side part of the lower connecting plate 1 can be improved, and the inner rectangular section 11 is a rectangular supporting structure, so that the supporting performance of the inner side of the lower connecting plate 1 can be guaranteed; and the arc segment three 16 can increase the connecting area and the connecting stability between the lower connecting plate 1 and the axle box rotating arm 28.

Those skilled in the art can also reduce the diameter R1 of the first arc segment 14, the diameter R2 of the second arc segment 15, and the diameter R3 of the third arc segment 16 according to actual requirements, so that the length of the arc segment in the lower connecting plate 1 is longer, the bonding area between the rubber pad 3 and the lower connecting plate 1 is further increased, and the deflection stiffness is reduced.

Example four

As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the lower end surface of the upper connecting plate 2 is an arc-shaped structure protruding toward the steel spring 4, the upper end surface of the rubber pad 3 is matched with the lower end surface of the upper connecting plate 2 to form an arc segment four 30, and the arc segment four 30 has a stronger bonding area and bonding stability with the lower end surface of the upper connecting plate 2 compared with a straight structure, and can reduce the deflection stiffness of the rubber pad 3.

The outer molded surface 17 comprises a first rubber section 32 connected with a fourth arc section 30, and the first rubber section 32 protrudes towards the outside and is positioned at the lower inner side of the side end surface 31 of the upper connecting plate 2; because the radial rigidity required at the first rubber section 32 is relatively large, the protrusion of the first rubber section 32 towards the outside can increase the volume of the rubber body in the rubber pad 3 at the position so as to increase the rigidity; meanwhile, the first rubber segment 32 is positioned at the lower inner side of the side end surface 31 of the upper connecting plate 2, so that when the first rubber segment 32 is loaded, the outer side of the first rubber segment 32 is provided with a rubber deformation volume space S as shown by S in FIG. 5, and the rubber at the first rubber segment 32 is prevented from being extruded to the outer side of the side end surface 31 to interfere with the installation and use of other components between the bogie frame and the pedestal arm 28 (in the actual use condition, other connecting or installing components positioned at the outer side of the laminated spring mechanism are also arranged between the bogie frame and the pedestal arm 28).

The outer profile 17 further comprises a second rubber section 33 which is connected with the lower end of the first rubber section 32 and protrudes towards the inner side, and a fifth rubber section 36 which is connected with the point D1 and protrudes towards the outer side; the second rubber section 33 protrudes towards the inner side, so that the volume of the rubber pad 3 at the second rubber section 33 can be reduced, and the deflection rigidity of the rubber pad 3 can be reduced; the rubber section five 36 is a lower end connecting end of the outer profile 17, the requirement on rigidity is high, the rubber section five 36 protrudes towards the outside, and the volume of the rubber section five 36 can be increased to meet the requirement on rigidity; the upper end of the rubber section five 36 is connected with a rubber section four 35 protruding towards the inner side, and the protruding of the rubber section five 36 towards the inner side can reduce the volume of the rubber pad 3 at the rubber section five 36 and reduce the deflection rigidity of the rubber pad 3.

The second rubber section 33 and the fourth rubber section 35 are connected by a third rubber section 34 protruding towards the inner side, and the diameters of the second rubber section 33 and the fourth rubber section 35 are larger than that of the third rubber section 34, so that the third rubber section 34 protrudes inwards more to reduce the volume of the rubber pad 3 at the position to the maximum extent to reduce the deflection rigidity under the condition of ensuring the rigidity; as shown in fig. 5, the second rubber segment 33, the third rubber segment 34 and the fourth rubber segment 35 together form an inner concave region 29 which can reduce the deflection stiffness of the whole laminated spring mechanism, wherein the third rubber segment 34 is a concave bottom of the inner concave region 29, and the radius r of the inner concave region 29 is 1mm-5mm, preferably 3mm.

The above examples are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments of the present invention as required without any inventive contribution thereto after reading the present specification, but all such modifications are intended to be protected by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for reducing deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism is characterized in that a lower connecting plate (1) in a lower vibration damper is arranged into a combined structure comprising a rectangular section (5) and an arc-shaped section (6) protruding towards an upper connecting plate (2), and the lower end face of a rubber pad (3) at the joint of the lower connecting plate (1) is matched with the structure of the lower connecting plate (1); the radial rigidity of the lower vibration damping part is ensured through the rectangular section (5), and the bonding area of the rubber pad (3) and the lower connecting plate (1) is increased through the arc-shaped section (6), so that the deflection rigidity of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced while the radial rigidity is ensured.

2. The method for reducing the deflection stiffness of a laminated spring mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the lower end face of the upper connecting plate (2) is arranged in a cambered surface structure protruding towards the steel spring (4), and the upper end face of the rubber pad (3) at the joint with the upper connecting plate (2) is arranged in a matching way with the structure of the upper connecting plate (2); the outer profile (17) of the rubber pad (3) is designed into a multi-arc segment combined structure forming an inner concave area (29); the deflection stiffness of the laminated spring mechanism is reduced through the cooperation of the upper end surface of the rubber pad (3), the lower end surface of the rubber pad (3) and the outer side molded surface (17) with the lower connecting plate (1) and the upper connecting plate (2).

3. A laminated spring mechanism designed by the method of claim 1 or 2, comprising a steel spring (4), an upper connecting member and a lower vibration damping member respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the steel spring (4), the lower vibration damping member comprising an upper connecting plate (2), a lower connecting plate (1) and a rubber pad (3) vulcanized between the upper and lower connecting plates, characterized in that the lower connecting plate (1) comprises a rectangular section (5) structure and an arc section (6) structure, the rubber pad (3) is vulcanized on the arc section (6) structure; the outer molded surface (17) of the rubber pad (3) is of an arc segment structure; a first cavity (7) and a second cavity (8) are respectively arranged on the lower connecting plate (1) and the rubber pad (3), a middle top plate (9) is arranged above the second cavity (8) on the upper connecting plate (1), and a detachable locking piece (10) is arranged between the middle top plate (9) and the upper connecting plate (2).

4. The laminated spring mechanism of claim 3, wherein the rectangular segment (5) structure comprises an inner rectangular segment (11) located below the second cavity (8) and an outer rectangular segment (12) located outside the rubber pad (3); arc section (6) are located between interior rectangle section (11) and outer rectangle section (12), and arc section (6) are including going up the arc segment towards upper junction plate (2) convex, and the lower terminal surface and the last arc segment of rubber pad (3) match the setting.

5. The laminated spring mechanism of claim 4 wherein said upper arc segment comprises a first arc segment (14) adjacent the inner rectangular segment (11) and a second arc segment (15) adjacent the outer rectangular segment (12), the relationship between the diameter R1 of the first arc segment (14) and the diameter R2 of the second arc segment (15) being: r1 is more than or equal to 1.2R2.

6. The laminated spring mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the lower end of the outer profile (17) of the rubber pad (3) and the lower connecting plate (1) are connected to the connection point D1 of the second arc segment (15) and the upper end surface of the outer rectangular segment (12), and the lower end of the inner profile (18) of the rubber pad (3) and the lower connecting plate (1) are connected to the connection point D2 of the first arc segment (14) and the upper end surface of the inner rectangular segment (11).

7. The laminated spring mechanism of claim 6, wherein the thickness H1 and width H2 of the inner rectangular section (11) are both greater than the thickness H3 and width H4 of the outer rectangular section (12); the relationship between the overall volume V1 of the inner rectangular section (11) and the overall volume V2 of the outer rectangular section (12) is: v1 is more than or equal to 3V2.

8. The laminated spring mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the portion of the bottom end face (27) of the lower connecting plate (1) between the inner rectangular section (11) and the outer rectangular section (12) is an arc segment three (16) of an arc structure, and the diameter R3 of the arc segment three (16) is equal to or less than 1.5R2, so that the overall volume V1 of the inner rectangular section (11) is smaller than the overall volume V2 of the outer rectangular section (12), and the thickness H1 of the inner rectangular section (11) is smaller than the thickness H3 of the outer rectangular section (12).

9. The laminated spring mechanism according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the lower end face of the upper connecting plate (2) is of an arc-shaped structure protruding towards the steel spring (1), and the upper end face of the rubber pad (3) and the lower end face of the upper connecting plate (2) are matched to form an arc segment four (30); the outer side molded surface (17) comprises a first rubber section (32) connected with the arc line section four (30), and the first rubber section (32) protrudes towards the outer side and is positioned on the lower inner side of the side end surface (31) of the upper connecting plate (2).

10. The laminated spring mechanism of claim 9, wherein said outer profile (17) comprises a second rubber segment (33) connected to a lower end of the first rubber segment (32) and protruding toward the inside, a fifth rubber segment (36) connected to point D1 and protruding toward the outside; the upper end of the rubber section five (36) is connected with a rubber section four (35) protruding towards the inner side, and the rubber section two (33) is connected with the rubber section four (35) through a rubber section three (34) protruding towards the inner side; the diameters of the second rubber section (33) and the fourth rubber section (35) are larger than the diameter of the third rubber section (34); the rubber section II (33), the rubber section III (34) and the rubber section IV (35) jointly form an inner concave area (29), wherein the rubber section III (34) is the concave bottom of the inner concave area (29), and the radius r of the inner concave area (29) is 1mm-5mm.