CN115157666A - Evanescent wave-based dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device - Google Patents

Evanescent wave-based dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device Download PDF

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CN115157666A
CN115157666A CN202211092513.0A CN202211092513A CN115157666A CN 115157666 A CN115157666 A CN 115157666A CN 202211092513 A CN202211092513 A CN 202211092513A CN 115157666 A CN115157666 A CN 115157666A
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light source
light
control system
source control
semi
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伍言龙
陈旭
刘亚雄
崔新旭
王法衡
杨蒙蒙
石振明
覃利娜
马广才
李家振
乔健
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Ji Hua Laboratory
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B29C64/277—Arrangements for irradiation using multiple radiation means, e.g. micromirrors or multiple light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
    • B22F12/45—Two or more
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device based on evanescent waves, and relates to the field of 3D printing, wherein the device comprises the following components: a vertical feed motion system; a forming platform detachably connected with the vertical feed motion system; the semi-closed trough is arranged below the forming platform, and a light-transmitting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the semi-closed trough; the vertical incidence light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough; and the total reflection light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough. The invention introduces the total reflection light source control system to generate evanescent waves at the interface of the light-transmitting bottom plate and the forming material, inhibits the forming material at the interface from being solidified, reduces the interface separating force, realizes continuous 3D printing and improves the efficiency.

Description

Evanescent wave-based dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a dual-light-path 3D printing method and device based on evanescent waves.
Background
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing technology is a mask-based photocuring technology, and the principle is to convert a printed model into a layer of mask images through a high-resolution optical conversion device, so as to promote Selective layer-by-layer curing of photopolymerizable liquid, thereby realizing the formation of complex parts, and realizing the manufacture of micron-sized structures, and the DLP is significantly superior to additive manufacturing technologies such as Direct writing (DIW), binder Jetting (BJ), selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and the like in terms of dimensional accuracy and macrostructure control, so that DLP is considered as a material manufacturing technology with great development prospects, and is widely applied to the formation of material complex parts such as resin, ceramics, hydrogel and the like in recent years.
However, the technology is based on layer-by-layer accumulation forming, the forming efficiency is low, the formed part is obvious in layering, the surface quality is poor, the mechanical property anisotropy of the formed part is obvious, and the technology is especially applied to the forming process of the ceramic part, the viscosity of ceramic slurry cannot be too high, and the promotion of the solid phase content of the ceramic is limited. The manufactured ceramic parts have the defects of large shrinkage rate, poor surface quality, low forming efficiency, anisotropy and insufficient mechanical property, and are greatly limited in industrial application.
The viscosity of the ceramic slurry is high and is obviously higher than that of materials such as resin and hydrogel, and the fluidity of the high-viscosity slurry is lower in the continuous 3D printing process, and the binding force between the high-viscosity slurry and a bottom plate is large, so that the layer-by-layer printing is required for 3D printing by using a photocuring mode at present, the continuous printing cannot be carried out, and the printing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device based on evanescent waves, and aims to solve the problem that high-viscosity printing paste is low in printing efficiency in a photocuring 3D printing process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus, including:
a vertical feed motion system;
a forming platform detachably connected with the vertical feed motion system;
the semi-closed trough is arranged below the forming platform, and a light-transmitting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the semi-closed trough;
the light-transmitting bottom plate is wedge-shaped, and the inclined plane of the light-transmitting bottom plate is arranged away from the semi-closed trough;
the vertical incidence light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough, and a first light beam emitted by the vertical incidence light source control system is refracted by the light-transmitting bottom plate and then vertically enters the bottom of the semi-closed trough;
and the total reflection light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough, and a second light beam emitted by the total reflection light source control system is incident into the light-transmitting bottom plate to realize total reflection so as to form evanescent waves at the bottom of the semi-closed trough.
Optionally, the vertical feed motion system comprises a rail-slide mechanism, a ball screw mechanism, or a pulley mechanism.
Optionally, a horizontal plane of the light-transmitting base plate is parallel to the horizontal direction, a fixed included angle α is formed between the inclined plane and the horizontal direction, the angle range of the fixed included angle α is 0-90 °, and the fixed included angle α is consistent with the refraction angle of the first light beam and the light-transmitting base plate.
Optionally, an angle of refraction between the first light beam incident on the light-transmitting bottom plate and the inclined plane is θ 1 ，θ 1 = α; the refraction angle between the second light beam and the inclined plane after the second light beam is incident on the light-transmitting bottom plate is theta 2 Angle of incidence with the horizontal plane is θ 3 ，θ 2 +α=θ 3 。
Optionally, the light source in the vertical incidence light source control system is a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source or a gamma-ray light source; the light source in the total reflection light source control system is a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source or a gamma-ray light source.
Optionally, the difference of the main peak wavelength of the projection light between the vertical incidence light source control system and the total reflection light source control system is greater than 50 nm.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a dual optical path 3D printing method based on evanescent waves, the method comprising:
preparing a forming material, and injecting the forming material into the semi-closed trough;
starting the total reflection light source control system, wherein light rays emitted by the total reflection light source control system are totally reflected at the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate, evanescent waves are generated at the upper surface, so that the forming material at the bottom of the semi-closed trough is inhibited from being solidified, and an uncured liquid layer is formed;
lowering the forming platform by the vertical feed motion system above a lower interface of the forming material;
and starting the vertical incidence light source control system, and printing according to preset printing parameters to obtain the printed part.
Optionally, the forming material comprises a photosensitive resin, a hydrogel, a ceramic slurry, a metal slurry or a ceramic-metal mixed slurry, and an inhibiting component for inhibiting a photocuring reaction under the irradiation of a light source of the vertical incidence light source control system.
Optionally, the refractive index of the shaping material is lower than the refractive index of the light transmissive backplane.
Optionally, the angle of the fixed included angle is determined according to the refractive index of the light-transmitting bottom plate, the refractive index of the forming material and the refractive index of air.
According to the evanescent wave-based dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device, on the basis of vertical incident light, a second beam of light is introduced into the light-transmitting bottom plate, the second beam of light is totally reflected at the interface of the light-transmitting bottom plate and a photocuring liquid through optical path design, the vertical incident light initiates a forming material to perform a curing reaction, and the total reflection light inhibits the forming material from performing the curing reaction, so that an uncured liquid layer is formed between the cured forming material and the light-transmitting bottom plate, solid-solid bonding between the light-transmitting bottom plate and a forming part is converted into solid-liquid bonding, interface separating force is reduced, continuous printing is realized, and printing efficiency of high-viscosity printing paste is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-optical-path 3D printing device based on evanescent waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a dual optical path 3D printing method based on evanescent waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a second light beam in the total reflection light source control system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a light path diagram of a first light beam in a normal incidence light source control system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
Figure 93273DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the currently adopted continuous liquid interface 3D printing technology, the uncured fluorinated oil is mainly introduced into the printing slurry through an oxygen inhibition principle, the thickness of an uncured liquid layer formed by the method depends on the oxygen permeability or the amount of introduced fluorinated oil, and the control difficulty is high and the accuracy is poor. Furthermore, the applicant found that continuous 3D printing using the principle of oxygen inhibition is difficult to apply to continuous formation of ceramic slurry due to the difficulty in controlling the uncured layer and the large layer thickness, the scattering and consumption of incident light by the uncured liquid layer being severe.
The embodiment of the invention provides a dual-optical-path 3D printing device based on evanescent waves, as shown in fig. 1, the dual-optical-path 3D printing device based on evanescent waves comprises: a vertical feed motion system 1; the forming platform 2 is detachably connected with the vertical feeding motion system 1; the semi-closed trough 4 is arranged below the forming platform 2, and a light-transmitting bottom plate 6 is arranged at the bottom of the semi-closed trough 4; the vertical incidence light source control system 7 is arranged below the semi-closed trough 4; and the total reflection light source control system 8 is arranged below the semi-closed trough 4.
In fig. 1, p denotes the light source irradiation direction of the first light beam in the normal incidence light source control system 7, q denotes the irradiation direction of the second light beam in the total reflection light source control system 8, and r denotes an evanescent wave.
The vertical feed motion system 1 can move in the vertical direction by a rail-slider mechanism, a ball screw structure, or a pulley structure. The vertical feeding motion system 1 is detachably connected with the forming platform 2, the vertical feeding motion system 1 can drive the forming platform 2 to vertically move, and the forming platform 2 can be detached to be maintained and cleaned when necessary. The forming table 2 may be made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The motion precision of the vertical feed motion system is higher than 10 mu m, the vertical feed motion system can meet the requirement on the dimensional precision of printed parts, and the forming of complex parts is realized.
The forming platform 2 comprises a connecting part and a forming part, the connecting part is connected with the vertical feeding motion system 1, the connecting part and the forming part are connected or integrally formed, and the vertical feeding motion system 1 drives the connecting part to drive the forming part to move back and forth in the direction close to/far away from the semi-closed trough 4, so that the forming platform is lifted and lowered.
The curb plate of semi-closed silo 4 can be aluminum alloy or stainless steel material, and the bottom of semi-closed silo 4 sets up printing opacity bottom plate 6. The light-transmitting base plate 6 has high light transmittance, and the selected material can be acrylic, high-strength hydrogel, resin material, acrylic resin composite material or high-strength hydrogel resin composite material. The upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6 is parallel to the horizontal direction, a fixed included angle is formed between the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate and the horizontal direction, and the angle range of the fixed included angle is 0-90 degrees. The angle setting of the fixed included angle can be determined according to the refractive index of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, the refractive index of the forming material 5 and the refractive index of air, so that the requirements that after a light beam in the vertical incidence light source control system 7 is incident from the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, the light beam is vertically emergent from the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, and after the light beam in the total reflection light source control system 8 is incident from the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, the light beam is totally reflected on the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6 are met.
The light source used by the vertical incidence light source control system 7 may be a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source, or a gamma ray light source. The light source used by the total reflection light source control system 8 may be a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source, or a gamma ray light source. The difference value of the main peak wavelength of the projection light between the vertical incidence light source control system 7 and the total reflection light source control system 8 is larger than 50nm, and light sources with different wavelengths are used for controlling the forming material to be capable of carrying out photocuring while forming an uncured liquid layer. In some embodiments, when the forming material 5 is a photosensitive resin, a uv light source can be used, and the uv light can generate high activation energy, so that the photoinitiator in the photosensitive resin system generates free radicals to initiate polymerization and crosslinking reaction, and the photosensitive resin is cured.
In the printing process, a forming material 5 is injected into a semi-closed trough 4, light beams emitted by a total reflection light source control system 8 are incident from the lower surface of a light-transmitting bottom plate 6 and are totally reflected on the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, evanescent waves are generated at the position, close to the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6, of the forming material 5 and interact with chemical materials for inhibiting photocuring in the forming material 5 to form an uncured liquid layer, light beams emitted by a vertical incidence light source control system 7 are incident from the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6 and are vertically emitted from the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate 6 to irradiate the forming material 5 to trigger photocuring of the forming material 5, and a printing part 3 is formed on the surface of a forming platform 2 by the cured forming material 5. The whole printing process is continuously carried out without layering, the vertical feeding motion system 1 continuously lifts the parts upwards at a certain speed, and the parts are continuously solidified according to the section projected by the vertical incidence light source until the printing of the parts is finished.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a dual-optical-path 3D printing method based on evanescent waves, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the dual-optical-path 3D printing method based on evanescent waves.
In this embodiment, the evanescent wave-based dual optical path 3D printing method includes:
s10, preparing a forming material, and injecting the forming material into the semi-closed trough;
the DLP technology is adopted for continuous 3D printing, the used forming material can be photosensitive resin capable of generating photopolymerization, hydrogel, ceramic slurry, metal slurry or ceramic-metal mixed slurry, and the viscosity of the forming material is lower than 10 Pa.s. The embodiment has the advantages of various types of selectable forming materials, small limitation on the viscosity of the forming materials and great improvement on the printing efficiency of high-viscosity ceramic slurry.
The suppressing component in the forming material may be selected in conjunction with the wavelength of the light source in a total reflection light source control system. In one embodiment, the forming material is ceramic slurry and consists of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and glycidyl dimethacrylate, the proportion is 1:1, the average particle size of silicon dioxide powder is 50nm, the volume proportion of the forming material containing the silicon dioxide is 40%, the dispersing agent is 685 digao, and the content of the dispersing agent is 2% of the mass of the silicon dioxide powder; the wavelength of a vertical incident light source is 458nm, the wavelength of a total reflection light source is 365nm, 4- (dimethylamino) ethyl benzoate and camphorquinone are used as photoinitiators and can be used for generating polymerization reaction on resin in the ceramic slurry under the light with the wavelength of 458nm, and a photoinhibitor is 2- (2-chlorphenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole and can be used for inhibiting the resin in the ceramic slurry from generating polymerization reaction under the light with the wavelength of 365nm to form an uncured liquid layer.
Before the forming material is prepared, the designed part model can be firstly led into a printing device, the printing model is converted into a layered mask image, and then printing parameters are set according to the characteristics of the forming material. The printing parameters may include a lift rate of the vertical feed motion system.
Step S20, starting the total reflection light source control system, wherein light rays emitted by the total reflection light source control system are totally reflected on the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate, evanescent waves are generated on the upper surface, so that the forming material at the bottom of the semi-closed trough is inhibited from being solidified, and an uncured liquid layer is formed;
the evanescent wave is also called as an evanescent wave or an evanescent wave, and the fundamental principle is that when the light wave is propagated from an optically dense medium to an optically sparse medium and is totally reflected, a distance light wave with the order of magnitude of a wavelength is generated along the direction parallel to a critical plane due to the existence of a wave effect.
After light beams emitted by the total reflection light source control system are incident from the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate, the light beams are refracted at the lower surface, are transmitted to the lower surface in the light-transmitting bottom plate, are totally reflected at the lower surface, and evanescent waves parallel to the critical surface are generated on one side, close to the forming material, of a critical surface of the forming material, which is in contact with the light-transmitting bottom plate. The refractive index of the forming material is lower than that of the light-transmitting bottom plate, relatively speaking, the light-transmitting bottom plate is an optically dense medium, the forming material is an optically sparse medium, and the light path design enables the incident angle of the total reflection light source control system when the light is incident from the upper surface to be larger than the critical angle, so that total reflection can be generated at the upper surface.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the optical path of a second light beam in the total reflection light source control system, as shown in FIG. 3, β 1 Is the angle of incidence, θ, of the second light beam with the inclined plane 2 The refraction angle theta of the second light beam incident on the light-transmitting bottom plate and the inclined plane 3 Is the incident angle of the second light beam with the horizontal plane, alpha is the fixed included angle between the inclined plane of the light-transmitting bottom plate and the horizontal direction, n 0 Is the refractive index of air, n 1 Is the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate, n 2 For shaping the refractive index of the material, there is sin beta according to the law of refraction and total reflection of light 1 /sinθ 2 =n 1 /n 0 ，sinθ 3 >n 2 /n 1 From which theta can be derived 2 +α=θ 3 。
Under the action of the evanescent wave, the inhibiting components present in the forming material form an uncured liquid layer at the bottom of the semi-closed trough, separating the forming material, where curing takes place, from the light-transmissive bottom plate. The thickness of the uncured liquid layer is positively correlated to the depth of transmission of the evanescent wave in the forming material, which can be tuned by the wavelength of the light source forming the evanescent wave. The transmission depth of the evanescent wave is in direct proportion to the wavelength of the total reflection light source, so that the transmission depth of the evanescent wave can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the wavelength precision of the total reflection light source.
The intensity of the evanescent wave is exponentially decaying with the distance traveled by the interface, the distance out of the interface is called the transmission depth σ, which is defined as the distance when the intensity of the penetrating light wave decays to one third of the intensity of the original light wave (1/e = 36.8%):
Figure 931785DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
。
wherein λ is total reflection light source wavelength, n 1 Is the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate, n 2 For shaping the refractive index of the material, theta i Is the angle of incidence, i.e. theta, from the total reflection of the totally reflected light at the light-transmitting substrate and the shaping material i =θ 3 。
The degree of crosslinking of the forming material in the uncured liquid layer can also be varied by adjusting the intensity of the totally reflected light, which decreases when the intensity of the totally reflected light is increased. The cross-linking degree can represent the curing degree of the forming material, the light intensity of the total reflection light source system is adjusted to a proper value, the non-curing liquid layer can be kept in a low cross-linking degree state, the interface separating force between the forming material and the light-transmitting bottom plate is reduced, and the continuous printing process is ensured.
The thickness of the uncured liquid layer can be controlled in a very small range, transmission energy dissipation of vertical incident light and scattering effect are reduced, forming efficiency is guaranteed, system heating is reduced, and the method has great advantages for forming high-precision materials.
Step S30, lowering the forming platform to the upper part of the lower interface of the forming material through the vertical feeding motion system;
the thickness of the non-solidified liquid layer between the forming material and the light-transmitting bottom plate is in the nanometer to micrometer order and is far lower than the motion precision range which can be achieved by the vertical feeding motion system, when the forming platform is lowered to the upper area of the lower interface of the forming material through the vertical feeding motion system, the thickness of the non-solidified liquid layer can be ignored, and the distance between the forming platform and the lower interface of the forming material is adjusted to be 10-500 micrometers. The distance between the forming table and the lower interface of the forming material can be set in conjunction with the printing speed, and when this distance is large, the printing speed is also fast.
And S40, starting the vertical incidence light source control system, and printing according to preset printing parameters to obtain a printed part.
After the vertical incidence light source control system is started, light beams emitted by the vertical incidence light source control system are incident from the lower surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate, are refracted at the lower surface, are transmitted to the upper surface in the light-transmitting bottom plate, are vertically emitted from the upper surface, and are transmitted to the forming material to initiate photocuring reaction. The light source irradiation area and the light intensity in the vertical incidence light source control system can be adjusted, the forming material is solidified according to the cross section projected by the light source under the action of the vertical incidence light source, the forming platform is driven to lift at a constant speed by matching with the vertical feeding motion system, the forming material is supplemented to the area where solidification occurs under the action of the self fluidity, and the continuous solidification forming is carried out until the printed part is obtained after printing is completed.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the optical path of a first light beam in a normal incidence light source control system, as shown in FIG. 4, β 2 Is the angle of incidence, θ, between the first light beam and the inclined surface of the light-transmissive substrate 1 Is the angle of refraction between the first beam and the inclined plane, and has sin beta according to the law of refraction of light 2 /sinθ 1 =n 1 /n 0 The first beam is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and theta can be derived 1 =α。
And after printing is finished, taking the printed part off the forming platform, and carrying out post-treatment processes such as cleaning, post-curing and the like.
In this embodiment, on the basis of the vertical incident light, the second beam of light is introduced to the light-transmitting bottom plate, the second beam of light is totally reflected at the interface between the light-transmitting bottom plate and the light-curing liquid through the light path design, the vertical incident light causes the forming material to generate a curing reaction, and the total reflection light inhibits the forming material from generating the curing reaction, so that an uncured liquid layer is formed between the curing forming material and the light-transmitting bottom plate, thereby converting the solid-solid bonding between the light-transmitting bottom plate and the forming part into the solid-liquid bonding, reducing the interface separating force, realizing the continuous printing, and improving the printing efficiency of the high-viscosity printing paste.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus, comprising:
a vertical feed motion system;
a forming platform detachably connected with the vertical feed motion system;
the semi-closed trough is arranged below the forming platform, and a light-transmitting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the semi-closed trough;
the light-transmitting bottom plate is wedge-shaped, and the inclined plane of the light-transmitting bottom plate is arranged away from the semi-closed trough;
the vertical incidence light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough, and a first light beam emitted by the vertical incidence light source control system is refracted by the light-transmitting bottom plate and then vertically enters the bottom of the semi-closed trough;
and the total reflection light source control system is arranged below the semi-closed trough, and a second light beam emitted by the total reflection light source control system is incident into the light-transmitting bottom plate to realize total reflection so as to form evanescent waves at the bottom of the semi-closed trough.
2. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein the vertical feed motion system comprises a rail-slide mechanism, a ball screw structure, or a pulley structure.
3. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the horizontal plane of the light transmissive base plate is parallel to the horizontal direction, the inclined plane and the horizontal direction form a fixed angle α, the fixed angle α is in the range of 0 ° to 90 °, and the fixed angle α is consistent with an angle of refraction of the first light beam and the light transmissive base plate.
4. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first light beam incident on the transparent substrate has an angle of refraction θ from the inclined plane 1 ，θ 1 = α; the refraction angle between the second light beam and the inclined plane after the second light beam is incident on the light-transmitting bottom plate is theta 2 Angle of incidence with the horizontal plane is theta 3 ，θ 2 +α=θ 3 。
5. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing device of claim 1, wherein the light source in the normal incidence light source control system is a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source, or a gamma ray light source; the light source in the total reflection light source control system is a laser light source, an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, an X-ray light source or a gamma-ray light source.
6. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the projected light principal peak wavelength difference between the normal incidence light source control system and the total reflection light source control system is greater than 50 nm.
7. An evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing method applied to the evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing method comprising the steps of:
preparing a forming material, and injecting the forming material into the semi-closed trough;
starting the total reflection light source control system, wherein light rays emitted by the total reflection light source control system are totally reflected at the upper surface of the light-transmitting bottom plate, evanescent waves are generated at the upper surface, so that the forming material at the bottom of the semi-closed trough is inhibited from being solidified, and an uncured liquid layer is formed;
lowering the forming platform by the vertical feed motion system above a lower interface of the forming material;
and starting the vertical incidence light source control system, and printing according to preset printing parameters to obtain the printed part.
8. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing method of claim 7, wherein the forming material comprises a photosensitive resin, a hydrogel, a ceramic paste, a metal paste, or a ceramic-metal mixed paste, and an inhibiting component that inhibits a photo-curing reaction under irradiation of a light source of the normal incidence light source control system.
9. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing method of claim 7, wherein the refractive index of the shaping material is lower than the refractive index of the light transmissive backplane.
10. The evanescent wave based dual optical path 3D printing method of claim 7, wherein the angle of the fixed included angle is determined based on a refractive index of the light transmissive backplane, a refractive index of the shaping material, and a refractive index of air.
CN202211092513.0A 2022-09-08 2022-09-08 Evanescent wave-based dual-optical-path 3D printing method and device Pending CN115157666A (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022137640A1 (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 株式会社フジクラ Stereolithography device and structure manufacturing method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022137640A1 (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 株式会社フジクラ Stereolithography device and structure manufacturing method

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Application publication date: 20221011