CN115156260A - Industrial waste salt melting purification-granulation system and method - Google Patents
Industrial waste salt melting purification-granulation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115156260A CN115156260A CN202210821026.7A CN202210821026A CN115156260A CN 115156260 A CN115156260 A CN 115156260A CN 202210821026 A CN202210821026 A CN 202210821026A CN 115156260 A CN115156260 A CN 115156260A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 117
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005586 Nicosulfuron Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010914 pesticide waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
Abstract
A melting purification-granulation system and method for industrial waste salt, the system comprises a feeding bin, a melting furnace, a granulation device, a waste heat recovery device and a collecting bin; a rotating cup type granulator or a roller type granulator is arranged in the granulating device; the method adopts an industrial waste salt melting purification-granulation system and comprises the following steps: (1) Continuously conveying the industrial waste salt in the feeding bin into a melting furnace; (2) starting a melting furnace to heat and melt the industrial waste salt; (3) Discharging from a discharge port, putting into a granulating device, and starting a granulator; (4) The molten salt is crushed into fine liquid drops, condensed under the cooling action to generate high-temperature salt particles, discharged, and enters a waste heat recovery device to generate low-temperature salt particles after heat exchange; and (5) discharging the waste heat from the waste heat recovery device and entering a material collecting bin. The molten salt after high-temperature melting and purification is granulated, so that the high-temperature waste salt is conveniently cooled and the waste heat is recovered, and the phenomenon of caking of the molten waste salt in the cooling process is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic salt treatment and resource utilization, and particularly relates to a system and a method for melting, purifying and granulating industrial waste salt.
Background
In the production process of the industries of chemical industry, textile industry, dye printing industry, medicine industry, pesticide industry and the like, a large amount of industrial waste salt containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate can be generated, most of industrial waste salt contains a large amount of organic matters of alcohol, phenol, ether and the like, the organic matters are difficult to treat, and part of the organic matters have toxicity, such as nicosulfuron, glyphosate and the like.
The harmless treatment or resource utilization of industrial waste salt has certain difficulty, most enterprises adopt temporary storage or landfill treatment, and soil and underground water are easily polluted. The melting method is an effective method for treating industrial waste salt for resource utilization at present, and the principle is that the waste salt is heated to a molten state, organic impurities in the waste salt are completely decomposed and gasified at high temperature, and the purity of the waste salt is improved.
The following table shows three industrial waste salt components of three pesticide enterprises in Jiangsu province, and the industrial waste salt contains a large amount of carbon elements, which indicates that the industrial waste salt contains more organic matters, and in addition, the waste salt components generated by different enterprises have great differences;
at present, the harmless treatment or resource utilization of industrial waste salt has certain difficulty, most enterprises adopt stacking temporary storage or landfill treatment, and soil and underground water are easily polluted. The melting method is an effective method for treating industrial waste salt for resource utilization at present, and the principle is that the waste salt is heated to a molten state, organic impurities in the waste salt are completely decomposed and gasified at high temperature, and the purity of the waste salt is improved. However, the existing method for purifying industrial waste salt by melting has certain defects, and for the high-temperature molten salt after heating and purification, the temperature is usually reduced and quenched by adopting a water cooling mode, so that huge waste of sensible heat of the high-temperature molten salt is caused; the cooled salt is dissolved in water, and a solid salt product can be obtained only by secondary heating and crystallization, so that secondary consumption of energy is caused, and waste of water resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for melting, purifying and granulating industrial waste salt, which are used for crushing, granulating and recovering waste heat of the heated molten waste salt, and granulating and cooling the molten waste salt to directly obtain granular salt, so that the problems of water resource waste, high-temperature sensible heat waste, complicated process and the like caused by the traditional water cooling-crystallization process are solved.
The melting, purifying and granulating system for the industrial waste salt comprises a feeding bin 1, a melting furnace 4, a granulating device 6, a waste heat recovery device 7 and a collecting bin 8; the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 is matched with the inlet of the feeding device 2, and the outlet of the feeding device 2 is matched with the feeding hole 3 of the melting furnace 4; a discharge port 5 of the melting furnace 4 is matched with an inlet of a granulating device 6, an outlet of the granulating device 6 is matched with an inlet of a waste heat recovery device 7, and an outlet of the waste heat recovery device 7 is matched with an inlet of a material collecting bin 8; the upper part of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a smoke outlet 9 for discharging smoke; the inside of the granulating device 6 is provided with a revolving cup type granulator or a drum type granulator.
In the system, the inside of the granulating device 6 is provided with a tubular heat exchanger, or the side wall of the granulating device is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet.
In the above system, the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with a tubular heat exchanger therein, or an inlet and an outlet for circulating a cooling medium are provided on the side wall.
In the above system, the outlet of the tubular heat exchanger in the granulation apparatus 6 is communicated with the inside of the melting furnace 4 through a pipe.
In the system, the melting furnace 4 is selected from a rotary kiln, a shaft furnace or an electric furnace.
In the system, the feeding device 2 is a screw feeder.
In the system, the smoke outlet 9 is communicated with the smoke treatment device.
The melting purification-granulation method of the industrial waste salt adopts the system and comprises the following steps:
(1) Continuously conveying the industrial waste salt in the feeding bin 1 into a melting furnace 4 through a feeding device 2 through a feeding hole 3;
(2) Starting the melting furnace 4 to heat and melt the industrial waste salt to form molten salt, decomposing organic matters in the industrial waste salt to generate gas, and discharging the gas from the smoke outlet 9;
(3) Discharging the molten salt from a discharge port 5, putting the molten salt into a granulating device 6, and starting a granulator in the granulating device 6; at the moment, a cooling medium flows through the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6;
(4) The molten salt is crushed into fine liquid drops in the granulating device 6, condensed under the cooling action to generate high-temperature salt particles, discharged from the granulating device 6, and enters the waste heat recovery device 7, and after heat exchange is carried out in the waste heat recovery device 7, low-temperature salt particles are generated;
(5) The low-temperature salt particles are discharged from the waste heat recovery device 7 and enter a material collecting bin 8.
In the step (1), the industrial waste salt comprises 3-22% of C, 0.5-8% of N, 5-44% of O, 22-36% of Na, less than or equal to 0.1% of Si, less than or equal to 0.6% of P, less than or equal to 3.5% of S, 0.2-55% of Cl, less than or equal to 0.2% of Ca, less than or equal to 0.4% of Al and less than or equal to 0.1% of F according to mass percent.
In the step (2), the gas discharged from the smoke outlet 9 enters a smoke treatment device for waste heat recovery and harmless treatment.
In the step (2), the industrial waste salt is heated to more than 800 ℃ to be melted to form molten salt.
In the step (3), the cooling medium is water or air.
In the above step (4), the diameter of the fine droplets is <5mm.
In the step (4), the temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 700 to 780 ℃.
In the step (4), the temperature of the low-temperature salt particles is less than or equal to 100 ℃.
In the step (4), when the pipe heat exchanger is provided in the waste heat recovery device 7, the cooling medium flows through the pipe heat exchanger in the waste heat recovery device 7. The cooling medium is water or air; when the side wall of the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with an inlet and an outlet for circulating cooling medium, the cooling medium is introduced into the inlet of the waste heat recovery device 7 and is discharged from the outlet, and at this time, the cooling medium is air.
In the step (4), when the side wall of the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with an inlet and an outlet for circulating a cooling medium, the cooling medium is air, and the air directly rises into the granulating device after exchanging heat with the solid salt particles, so as to cool the fine liquid droplets, and the fine liquid droplets are condensed to generate high-temperature salt particles.
In the step (4), when the cooling medium circulating in the waste heat recovery device 7 is air, the outlet of the tubular heat exchanger in the waste heat recovery device 7 is communicated with the inlet of the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6, or the outlet on the side wall of the waste heat recovery device 7 is communicated with the inlet of the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6; the cooling medium subjected to heat exchange in the waste heat recovery device 7 enters the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6 to continuously exchange heat; the cooling medium after the two heat exchanges is discharged or is introduced into the melting furnace 4 through a pipeline to be used as combustion-supporting air.
The principle of the invention is as follows: organic impurities in the waste salt are completely decomposed at high temperature to generate gas, so that the purification of the waste salt is realized; the granulating device is used for granulating the molten waste salt into solid salt granules and preventing the waste salt from caking; the waste heat recovery device is used for cooling the high-temperature salt particles and recovering waste heat of the high-temperature salt particles; the melting furnace can heat industrial waste salt to a temperature above the melting point, and the waste salt leaving the melting furnace is in a high-temperature molten state. The granulating device is used for crushing the molten salt into fine liquid drops and cooling the fine liquid drops into salt particles, so that the subsequent cooling of high-temperature salt and the recovery of waste heat are facilitated, and the blocking phenomenon of the molten salt in the cooling process is prevented; the waste heat recovery device is mainly used for cooling the high-temperature salt granules from the granulator and recovering the sensible heat of the salt granules; the flue gas treatment device is arranged behind a smoke outlet of the melting furnace kiln and is used for cooling and purifying tail gas (flue gas generated by combustion and gas generated by decomposition of organic matter impurities) leaving the melting furnace kiln and recovering heat; the method can directly carry out subsequent resource utilization, and meanwhile, the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device can be used for preheating fuel or air, heating and other purposes; the tail gas generated by the melting furnace is mainly carbon oxide, but also contains nitrogen oxide and gaseous organic matters, and a flue gas treatment device is arranged to treat the tail gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: granulating the molten salt after high-temperature melting and purification, so that the high-temperature waste salt is conveniently cooled and the waste heat is recovered, and simultaneously, the phenomenon of caking of the molten waste salt in the cooling process is prevented; the heat in the molten salt cooling process and the heat in the furnace kiln tail gas are recovered, and the problems of energy loss, water resource waste and the like caused by the purification of industrial waste salt by the traditional melting method are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for melt-purifying and granulating industrial waste salt according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for melt purification and granulation of industrial waste salt according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a feeding bin, 2, a feeding device, 3, a feeding hole, 4, a melting furnace, 5, a discharging hole, 6, a granulating device, 7, a waste heat recovery device, 8, a material collecting bin, 9 and a smoke exhaust port;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a melting purification-granulation system for industrial waste salt according to example 1 of the present invention;
in the figure, 3-1 parts of a rotary kiln feed inlet, 4-1 parts of a rotary kiln cylinder, 4-2 parts of a driving device, 4-3 parts of a slag scraping device, 4-4 parts of a natural gas burner, 5-1 parts of a rotary kiln discharge outlet, 6-1 parts of a rotary cup type granulator, 6-2 parts of an exhaust port, 7-1 parts of a cooling tank, 7-2 parts of an air pump, 7-3 parts of a filter screen, 7-4 parts of a discharge valve, 7-5 parts of an induced draft fan;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of a melt purification-granulation system for industrial waste salts in example 2 of the present invention;
in the figure, 3-2 parts of a shaft furnace feed inlet, 4-5 parts of a shaft furnace body, 4-6 parts of a mixed gas nozzle, 4-7 parts of a secondary air port, 6-3 parts of a drum type granulator, 6-4 parts of a motor, 6-5 parts of a control valve, 7-6 parts of a cooling water pipe, 7-7 parts of a cooling water inlet, 7-8 parts of a discharge valve.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, the flue gas treatment device is arranged according to the records of practice and analysis of high-temperature melting treatment technology of a rotary kiln for pesticide waste salt (Zhou Hai Yun et al, industrial Water treatment, 2021,41 (08): 140-145.DOI, 10.19965/j. Cnki. Iwt.2020-0790.).
In the embodiment of the invention, the flue gas treatment method comprises the following steps: the gas that melting furnace 4 produced is discharged from exhaust port 9, and the process is fully burnt through the second combustion chamber earlier, avoids toxic gas such as dioxin to produce, later retrieves the tail gas heat through exhaust-heat boiler, sends into the sack cleaner dust removal after passing through the rapid cooling device again, gets rid of nitrogen oxide and oxysulfide in the tail gas through scrubbing tower and adsorption tower at last, discharges through the chimney.
The structure of the melting purification-granulation system for industrial waste salt is shown in figure 2, and comprises a feeding bin 1, a melting furnace 4, a granulation device 6, a waste heat recovery device 7 and a collecting bin 8; the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 is matched with the inlet of the feeding device 2, and the outlet of the feeding device 2 is matched with the feeding hole 3 of the melting furnace 4; a discharge port 5 of the melting furnace 4 is matched with an inlet of a granulating device 6, an outlet of the granulating device 6 is matched with an inlet of a waste heat recovery device 7, and an outlet of the waste heat recovery device 7 is matched with an inlet of a material collecting bin 8; the upper part of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a smoke outlet 9 for discharging smoke; the inside of the granulating device 6 is provided with a revolving cup type granulator or a drum type granulator.
In the embodiment of the invention, the components of the industrial waste salt comprise, by mass, 3-22% of C, 0.5-8% of N, 5-44% of O, 22-36% of Na, less than or equal to 0.1% of Si, less than or equal to 0.6% of P, less than or equal to 3.5% of S, 0.2-55% of Cl, less than or equal to 0.2% of Ca, less than or equal to 0.4% of Al, and less than or equal to 0.1% of F.
Example 1
The structure of the melting purification-granulation system for industrial waste salt is shown in figure 3, and comprises a feeding bin 1, a melting furnace 4, a granulation device 6, a waste heat recovery device 7 and a collecting bin 8; the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 is matched with the inlet of the feeding device 2, and the outlet of the feeding device 2 is matched with the feeding hole 3 of the melting furnace 4; a discharge port 5 of the melting furnace 4 is matched with an inlet of a granulating device 6, an outlet of the granulating device 6 is matched with an inlet of a waste heat recovery device 7, and an outlet of the waste heat recovery device 7 is matched with an inlet of a material collecting bin 8; the upper part of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a smoke outlet 9 for discharging smoke;
the tail part of a rotary kiln cylinder body 4-1 of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a rotary kiln discharge port 5-1 as a discharge port
The melting furnace 4 is a rotary kiln and comprises a rotary kiln cylinder 4-1, a driving device 4-2, a slag scraping device 4-3 and a natural gas burner 4-4; the front end of the rotary kiln barrel 4-1 is provided with a rotary kiln feed port 3-1 which is communicated with the feed port 3;
the tail part of a rotary kiln cylinder body 4-1 of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a rotary kiln discharge port 5-1 as a discharge port, and the rotary kiln discharge port 5-1 is communicated with a granulating device 6;
the feeding device 2 is a screw feeder;
the smoke outlet 9 is communicated with a smoke treatment device;
a rotating cup type granulator 6-1 is arranged in the granulating device 6;
the side wall of the granulating device 6 is provided with an exhaust port 6-2 as a cooling medium outlet;
the cooling tank 7-1 at the upper part of the waste heat recovery device 7 is assembled with the bottom of the granulating device 6;
the bottom of the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with a discharge valve 7-4, and the lower part of the discharge valve 7-4 is communicated with a material collecting bin 8;
the side wall of the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with an inlet for circulating a cooling medium, the inlet is separated by a filter screen 7-3, and the inlet is communicated with an outlet of an air pump 7-2 through a pipeline;
the exhaust port 6-2 is communicated with a natural gas burner 4-4 of the melting furnace 4 through a pipeline, and a draught fan 7-5 is arranged on the pipeline;
the flow is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
continuously conveying the industrial waste salt in the feeding bin 1 into a melting furnace 4 through a feeding device 2 through a feeding hole 3;
starting the melting furnace 4 to heat the industrial waste salt to 820 ℃ for melting to form molten salt, decomposing organic matters in the industrial waste salt to generate gas, and discharging the gas from the smoke outlet 9; the gas discharged from the smoke outlet 9 enters a smoke treatment device for waste heat recovery and harmless treatment;
discharging the molten salt from a discharge port 5, putting the molten salt into a granulating device 6, and starting a granulator in the granulating device 6; at the moment, a cooling medium flows through the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6;
the molten salt is crushed into fine liquid drops with the diameter less than 5mm in the granulating device 6, and the fine liquid drops are condensed to generate high-temperature salt grains under the cooling action, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature salt grains is 700 ℃; then, discharging the salt from the granulating device 6, entering a waste heat recovery device 7, and generating low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 65 ℃ after heat exchange is carried out in the waste heat recovery device 7;
discharging low-temperature salt particles from the waste heat recovery device 7 and entering a material collecting bin 8;
the heat exchange is carried out by blowing air into the waste heat recovery device 7 through the air pump 7-2 to be used as a cooling medium, exchanging heat with high-temperature salt particles in the cooling tank 7-1, then entering the granulating device 6, continuously exchanging heat with fine liquid droplets, then discharging from the exhaust port 6-2, and introducing natural gas burner nozzles 4-4 through the induced draft fan 7-5 to be used as combustion-supporting air.
Example 2
The structure of the industrial waste salt melt purification-granulation system is the same as that of example 1, as shown in fig. 4, except that:
(1) The melting furnace 4 is a shaft furnace, a feed inlet of the shaft furnace is a feed inlet 3-2 of the shaft furnace, and a mixed gas nozzle 4-6 and a secondary air port 4-7 are arranged on the side wall of a furnace body 4-5 of the shaft furnace;
(2) A roller type granulator 6-3 is arranged in the granulating device 6, and the roller type granulator 6-3 is assembled with a motor 6-4; the bottom of the granulating device 6 is provided with a control valve 6-5; the lower part of the control valve 6-5 is communicated with a waste heat recovery device 7;
(3) A cooling water pipe 7-6 is arranged in the waste heat recovery device 7 and is used as a pipe type heat exchanger; a cooling water inlet 7-7 of the cooling water pipe 7-6 is communicated with a water source; the water outlet of the cooling water pipe 7-6 is communicated with a cooling water pipe inside the drum-type granulator 6-3; the bottom of the waste heat recovery device 7 is provided with a discharge valve 7-8 communicated with a material collecting bin 8;
the method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 825 deg.C for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 710 ℃;
(3) Generating low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 70 ℃;
(4) The heat exchange is carried out by introducing cooling water serving as a cooling medium into the cooling water pipe 7-6 through the cooling water inlet 7-7, exchanging heat with high-temperature salt particles in the waste heat recovery device 7, then entering the drum-type granulator 6-3 of the granulation device 6, continuously exchanging heat with fine liquid droplets, and then discharging.
Example 3
The structure of the industrial waste salt melt purification-granulation system is the same as that of example 1;
the method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 830 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 720 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 70 ℃ are generated.
Example 4
The structure of the industrial waste salt melt purification-granulation system is the same as that of example 1;
the method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 835 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 730 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 75 ℃ are generated.
Example 5
The structure of the industrial waste salt melt purification-granulation system is the same as that of example 1;
the method is the same as example 1, except that:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 840 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 740 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 80 ℃ are generated.
Example 6
The structure of the industrial waste salt melting purification-granulation system is the same as that of the embodiment 2;
the method is the same as the example 2, and is different from the following steps:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 845 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 750 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 85 ℃ are generated.
Example 7
The structure of the industrial waste salt melting purification-granulation system is the same as that of the embodiment 2;
the method is the same as the embodiment 2, and is different from the following steps:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 850 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 760 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 90 ℃ are generated.
Example 8
The structure of the industrial waste salt melt purification-granulation system is the same as that of example 2;
the method is the same as the embodiment 2, and is different from the following steps:
(1) Heating industrial waste salt to 855 ℃ for melting;
(2) The temperature of the high-temperature salt particles is 780 ℃;
(3) Low-temperature salt particles with the temperature of 100 ℃ are generated.
Claims (10)
1. A melting purification-granulation system for industrial waste salt is characterized by comprising a feeding bin 1, a melting furnace 4, a granulation device 6, a waste heat recovery device 7 and a collecting bin 8; the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 is matched with the inlet of the feeding device 2, and the outlet of the feeding device 2 is matched with the feeding hole 3 of the melting furnace 4; a discharge port 5 of the melting furnace 4 is matched with an inlet of a granulating device 6, an outlet of the granulating device 6 is matched with an inlet of a waste heat recovery device 7, and an outlet of the waste heat recovery device 7 is matched with an inlet of a material collecting bin 8; the upper part of the melting furnace 4 is provided with a smoke outlet 9 for discharging smoke; the inside of the granulating device 6 is provided with a revolving cup type granulator or a drum type granulator.
2. The system for melt-purifying-granulating industrial waste salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the granulating device 6 is internally provided with a tubular heat exchanger, or is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet on the side wall.
3. The system for melt-refining-granulation of industrial waste salts according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery unit 7 is provided with a tubular heat exchanger therein, or is provided with an inlet and an outlet for circulating a cooling medium on the side walls.
4. The melting, purifying and granulating system of industrial waste salt as set forth in claim 1, wherein the outlet of the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating apparatus 6 is communicated with the inside of the melting furnace 4 through a pipe.
5. A melt purification-granulation process of industrial waste salts, characterized by the use of the system of claim 1, carried out by the following steps:
(1) Continuously conveying the industrial waste salt in the feeding bin 1 into a melting furnace 4 through a feeding device 2 through a feeding hole 3;
(2) Starting the melting furnace 4 to heat and melt the industrial waste salt to form molten salt, decomposing organic matters in the industrial waste salt to generate gas, and discharging the gas from the smoke outlet 9;
(3) Discharging the molten salt from a discharge port 5, putting the molten salt into a granulating device 6, and starting a granulator in the granulating device 6; at the moment, a cooling medium flows through the tubular heat exchanger in the granulating device 6;
(4) The molten salt is crushed into fine liquid drops in the granulating device 6, condensed under the cooling action to generate high-temperature salt particles, discharged from the granulating device 6, and enters the waste heat recovery device 7, and after heat exchange is carried out in the waste heat recovery device 7, low-temperature salt particles are generated;
(5) The low-temperature salt particles are discharged from the waste heat recovery device 7 and enter a material collecting bin 8.
6. The method for melt-purifying-granulating industrial waste salt as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the industrial waste salt contains, in mass%, C3-22%, N0.5-8%, O5-44%, na 22-36%, si 0.1% or less, P0.6% or less, S3.5% or less, cl 0.2-55%, ca 0.2% or less, al 0.4% or less, and F0.1% or less.
7. A melt-purification-granulation method for industrial waste salt, according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the industrial waste salt is heated to >800 ℃ to melt, forming molten salt.
8. The melt purification-granulation method for industrial waste salt, according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the diameter of the fine liquid droplets is <5mm.
9. The melt-purification-granulation method for industrial waste salt, according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature salt granules in the step (4) is 700 to 780 ℃.
10. The melt purification-granulation method of industrial waste salt, according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the low-temperature salt granules in the step (4) is 100 ℃ or less.
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