CN115155302A - Treatment system and treatment method for furnace gas of fuming furnace - Google Patents

Treatment system and treatment method for furnace gas of fuming furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115155302A
CN115155302A CN202210696515.4A CN202210696515A CN115155302A CN 115155302 A CN115155302 A CN 115155302A CN 202210696515 A CN202210696515 A CN 202210696515A CN 115155302 A CN115155302 A CN 115155302A
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heat exchange
denitration
gas
dust removal
unit
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CN115155302B (en
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高麟
王祺
樊彬
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Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
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Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631Processes characterised by a specific device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90Injecting reactants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B25/00Obtaining tin
    • C22B25/02Obtaining tin by dry processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B25/00Obtaining tin
    • C22B25/06Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment system and a treatment method for furnace gas of a fuming furnace, which solve the technical problem that NOx pollutes the environment in the prior art. The treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat exchange dust removal and denitration unit, a smelting unit, a desulfurization unit and an induced air unit; the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, and a heat exchange structure, a dust removal structure and a denitration structure which are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; wherein the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchange mechanism; the first heat exchange mechanism is provided with a vertical first channel for the gas to be treated to flow; the dust removal structure comprises a filter element; the filter element and the first heat exchange mechanism share one ash bucket; the denitration structure comprises a denitration catalyst box body and an ammonia spraying mechanism; the ammonia spraying mechanism is used for inputting ammonia water into the gas to be treated before the gas enters the denitration catalyst box body.

Description

Treatment system and treatment method for furnace gas of fuming furnace
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas treatment, in particular to the technical field of fuming furnace gas treatment, and specifically relates to a system and a method for treating fuming furnace gas.
Background
The fuming furnace smelting technology is mainly applied to low-grade metal extraction and utilization of various smelting waste residues, such as processing of Osmant furnace slag, rich middlings, flue ash and other low-grade tin-containing materials. The traditional process comprises the following two steps:
spraying and electric dust removal: firstly, the specific resistivity of dust in the flue gas is increased by adopting a spray tower water spraying mode, and then an electric dust remover is adopted for removing dust. There are disadvantages in that: by adopting a spray tower to spray water, a large amount of high-arsenic sewage can be generated, acid-containing water vapor can be formed, equipment corrosion is caused, and the service life of the system is shortened; the air leakage rate of the system is increased to increase the desulfurization load; the dust collection efficiency of electric precipitation is limited, which can lead to the increase of subsequent discharged dust, the increase of tin metal loss, serious dust blockage of a subsequent system and overproof discharge.
Cooling and bag dust removal: firstly, a heat exchanger is adopted to cool the flue gas, and then a bag-type dust collector is adopted to filter and remove dust. There are disadvantages in that: because the temperature of the cloth bag is about 200 ℃, the heat exchange area of a heat exchanger such as a surface cooler or a waste heat boiler designed at the front end is fixed, and along with the extension of the operation time of the system, a large amount of dust can be adhered to the heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency is influenced, the flue gas temperature cannot be accurately controlled, and the situation of burning the bag by high-temperature flue gas often occurs; sometimes, low-temperature flue gas can appear along with reduction of smelting load, the temperature of the flue gas is easily lower than a condensation point after heat exchange, the bag pasting failure of the cloth bag occurs, and the whole system is difficult to stably operate for a long period.
The applicant of the application submits a patent application with the application number of 2020116254338, which is named as a treatment system and a treatment method of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, and the patent application solves the defects of the two traditional processes by adopting a heat exchange dust removal unit which can cool the furnace gas and remove dust at the same time.
However, the fuming furnace mainly adopts oxygen-enriched coal-fired heat supply to reduce and volatilize the metal to extract metal oxide, the reaction temperature in the furnace is generally 1100-1400 ℃, a large amount of NOx (nitrogen oxide) is generated in the period, and the above patent application and the two traditional processes do not consider the NOx treatment of furnace gas, and the long-term use causes environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system and a method for treating furnace gas of a fuming furnace, so as to solve the technical problem of environmental pollution caused by NOx in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the first aspect, the present invention firstly provides a system for treating a furnace gas of a fuming furnace, which comprises the following technical schemes:
processing system of fuming furnace burner gas includes: the heat exchange unit is used for cooling the furnace gas; the heat exchange dust removal and denitration unit is used for cooling, removing dust and performing denitration on the furnace gas; the smelting unit is used for smelting the dust collected by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit; the desulfurization unit is used for desulfurizing the gas subjected to denitration by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit; the air inducing unit is used for drawing the furnace gas to move; the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit comprises heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, and the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a heat exchange structure, a dust removal structure and a denitration structure which are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; wherein the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchange mechanism; the first heat exchange mechanism is provided with a vertical first channel for the gas to be treated to flow; the dust removal structure comprises a filter element; the filter element and the first heat exchange mechanism share one ash bucket; the gas to be treated passes through the first heat exchange mechanism from top to bottom and then enters the ash hopper, and then passes through the filter element from bottom to top and then enters the denitration structure; the denitration structure comprises a denitration catalyst box body and an ammonia spraying mechanism; and the ammonia spraying mechanism is used for inputting ammonia water into the gas to be treated before entering the denitration catalyst box body.
As a further improvement of the treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the heat exchange unit comprises a waste heat boiler; the smelting unit comprises a smoke dust conveyor, a pelletizing machine and a smelting furnace which are sequentially connected with an ash hopper; the desulfurization unit comprises a desulfurization tower; the induced draft unit includes a second fan.
As a further improvement of a treatment system of furnace gas of a fuming furnace, the heat exchange assembly further comprises an even number of second heat exchange mechanisms arranged at the front end of the first heat exchange structure, each second heat exchange mechanism is provided with a vertical first channel for gas to be treated to flow, and every two second heat exchange mechanisms share one ash hopper; a first flow guide channel which is arranged above the heat exchange assembly in a staggered manner with the ash bucket is arranged above the heat exchange assembly; the flow directions of the gas to be treated in the two adjacent first channels are opposite; the first heat exchange mechanism and the second heat exchange mechanism are provided with a horizontal second channel for cooling medium to flow.
As a further improvement of a treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, all second channels of the heat exchange assembly are communicated end to end; the cooling medium in the second channel is preferably air, and at this time, an air pump (or a blower) is arranged at the input end of the second channel, or a first fan is arranged at the output end of the second channel, so that the cooling medium is pulled to flow; the first heat exchange mechanism and the second heat exchange mechanism further comprise a dividing mechanism, the dividing mechanism comprises a heat exchange plate, a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle and the heat exchange plate enclose a first channel, and the second baffle and the heat exchange plate enclose a second channel.
As a further improvement of the treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the heat exchange structure further comprises a first cavity arranged between the first heat exchange mechanism and the filter element and a pipeline connected with a top plate of the first cavity, the output end of the second channel is communicated with the first cavity, and the pipeline is connected with the first fan.
As a further improvement of a treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the treatment system also comprises a control structure for controlling the power of the first fan and/or the flow of the gas to be treated, wherein the control structure comprises a temperature sensor arranged in the gas inlet pipeline and/or the first fan; the first fan is arranged on the top plate of the first flow guide channel.
As a further improvement of a treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the denitration catalyst box body is arranged above the filter element; or, the denitration catalyst box is arranged on the side of the filter element, and a second flow guide channel is arranged above the denitration catalyst box and the filter element.
As a further improvement of a treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the ammonia spraying mechanism comprises a spray head arranged in the gas inlet pipeline; or the ammonia spraying mechanism comprises an ammonia spraying coil pipe arranged above the filter element.
As a further improvement of the treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace, the heat exchange assembly also comprises a third heat exchange mechanism.
In order to achieve the object of the first aspect, the invention provides a treatment system of a fuming furnace gas, which comprises the following technical scheme:
the method for treating the furnace gas of the fuming furnace adopts the treatment system of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace.
The treatment system and the treatment method for the furnace gas of the fuming furnace in the first aspect can further effectively remove NOx on the basis of temperature reduction, dust removal and desulfurization. And the heat collecting and exchanging, dust removing and denitration integrated equipment is adopted, so that the occupied area of the system and the pipeline arrangement are obviously reduced. The heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment is not a simple combination of a heat exchanger, a dust remover and a denitration device, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high treatment efficiency and good treatment effect through ingenious design, and particularly has advantages on high furnace gas temperature (such as more than 400 ℃) and small equipment arrangement plane or space.
In the prior art, the denitration treatment modes of other furnace gases are generally the following three modes:
(1) Firstly denitrating, then cooling and dedusting, and finally performing wet desulphurization. Thus, although the denitration catalyst has high catalytic efficiency at high temperature, the furnace gas with high dust content easily poisons the denitration catalyst, and the denitration effect is reduced.
(2) Firstly, carrying out dry desulfurization, then carrying out dust removal and finally carrying out denitration. On one hand, more desulfurization agents are used, the desulfurization cost and the dust removal amount of the dust removal structure are increased, and the heat of furnace gas is not effectively recycled.
(3) Firstly removing dust, then desulfurizing by a wet method, and finally denitrating (usually, denitrating is additionally arranged at the tail end of an existing treatment system). Because the temperature of the furnace gas after desulfurization is very low, even the temperature requirement of low-temperature denitration can not be met, and the furnace gas contains more moisture, the gas after desulfurization needs to be heated before denitration.
In the processing system and the processing method of the present invention: firstly, the heat exchange is arranged before the dust removal and denitration, and then the dust removal and denitration are carried out, so that the high integration of the waste heat utilization, the dust removal and the denitration is facilitated, the temperature of furnace gas after the heat exchange is not too high, the size of dust removal equipment is greatly reduced, the dust content of the furnace gas after the dust removal is far lower than the tolerance value of a denitration catalyst, the service life of the denitration catalyst is long, the activity of the denitration catalyst is high, and the subsequent desulfurization effect is improved. Secondly, after the denitration is performed, the desulfurization is performed, so that the high integration of the dust removal and the denitration is facilitated, the temperature of the furnace gas subjected to heat exchange and dust removal is 280-420 ℃, the furnace gas is almost dust-free, the ideal working condition of the denitration reaction is met, the denitration catalyst is not worn and blocked, the service life is long, the activity is high, the water consumption for subsequent spray desulfurization is reduced, and the waste of valuable dust in the furnace gas dust entering a desulfurization system and the blockage of a desulfurization tower are effectively avoided.
In a second aspect, the invention aims to provide a heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device and a high-temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas treatment system, so as to solve the technical problems of environmental pollution caused by NOx and large occupied area in heat exchange, dust removal and denitration in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the second aspect, the invention firstly provides heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, and the technical scheme is as follows:
the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, and a heat exchange structure, a dust removal structure and a denitration structure which are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; wherein the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchange mechanism; the first heat exchange mechanism is provided with a vertical first channel for the gas to be treated to flow; the dust removal structure comprises a filter element; the filter element and the first heat exchange mechanism share one ash bucket; the gas to be treated passes through the first heat exchange mechanism from top to bottom and then enters the ash hopper, and then passes through the filter element from bottom to top and then enters the denitration structure; the denitration structure comprises a denitration catalyst box body and an ammonia spraying mechanism; and the ammonia spraying mechanism is used for inputting ammonia water into the gas to be treated before entering the denitration catalyst box body.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises an even number of second heat exchange mechanisms arranged at the front end of the first heat exchange structure, each second heat exchange mechanism is provided with a vertical first channel for the gas to be treated to flow, and every two second heat exchange mechanisms share one ash bucket; a first flow guide channel which is arranged above the heat exchange assembly in a staggered manner with the ash bucket is arranged above the heat exchange assembly; the flow directions of the gas to be treated in the two adjacent first channels are opposite; the first heat exchange mechanism and the second heat exchange mechanism are provided with a horizontal second channel for cooling medium to flow.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dedusting and denitration integrated equipment, all second channels of the heat exchange assembly are communicated end to end; a first fan is arranged at the output end of the second channel, or an air pump (or a blower) is arranged at the input end of the second channel; the first heat exchange mechanism and the second heat exchange mechanism further comprise a dividing mechanism, the dividing mechanism comprises a heat exchange plate, a first baffle and a second baffle, the first baffle and the heat exchange plate enclose a first channel, and the second baffle and the heat exchange plate enclose a second channel.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, the heat exchange structure further comprises a first cavity arranged between the first heat exchange mechanism and the filter element and a pipeline connected with a top plate of the first cavity, the output end of the second channel is communicated with the first cavity, and the pipeline is connected with the first fan.
The device is further improved as heat exchange, dedusting and denitration integrated equipment, and also comprises a control structure for controlling the power of the first fan and/or the flow of gas to be treated, wherein the control structure comprises a temperature sensor arranged in the gas inlet pipeline and/or the first fan; the first fan is arranged on the top plate of the first flow guide channel.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, second cavities are formed between the first heat exchange mechanism and the second heat exchange mechanism and between the adjacent second heat exchange mechanisms.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, the denitration catalyst box body is arranged above the filter element; or, the denitration catalyst box is arranged on the side of the filter element, and a second flow guide channel is arranged above the denitration catalyst box and the filter element.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, the ammonia spraying mechanism comprises a spray head arranged in the gas inlet pipeline; or the ammonia spraying mechanism comprises an ammonia spraying coil pipe arranged above the filter element.
As a further improvement of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises a third heat exchange mechanism.
In order to achieve the above second aspect, the present invention provides a high temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas treatment system, which comprises the following technical solutions:
the high-temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas treatment system adopts the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment.
The heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment and the high-temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas treatment system have the advantages of ingenious design, simple and compact structure, heat exchange, dust removal and denitration functions, high treatment efficiency and good treatment effect. The heat exchange structure, the dust removal structure and the denitration structure are sequentially arranged on a gas flow path to be treated, so that the temperature of the gas to be treated can meet the tolerance range of the dust removal structure and the denitration structure, and the service lives of the dust removal structure and the denitration structure are prolonged.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the invention, and are included to explain the invention and their equivalents and not limit it unduly. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a first embodiment of the integrated heat exchange, dust removal and denitration apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle partition mechanism of the first embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a top view of a fourth embodiment of the integrated heat exchange, dust removal and denitration apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a third heat exchange mechanism of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the treatment system of a fuming furnace gas of the present invention.
The relevant references in the above figures are:
101-a first heat exchange mechanism, 102-a second heat exchange mechanism, 110-a first channel, 120-a second channel, 121-an air pump, 122-a first fan, 131-a heat exchange plate, 132-a first baffle, 133-a second baffle, 134-a support mechanism, 210-a filter element, 310-a denitration catalyst box body, 320-an ammonia spraying mechanism, 330-a second diversion channel, 410-an ash bucket, 420-a first cavity, 430-a second cavity, 440-a pipeline, 450-a first diversion channel, 460-a water tank, 510-a temperature sensor, 520-a controller, 610-a heat exchange unit, 620-a heat exchange dust removal and denitration unit, 640-an air inducing unit, 650-a desulfurization unit, 631-a conveyor, 632-a pelletizing machine and 633-a smelting furnace.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to practice the invention based on these descriptions. Before the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the present invention in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict.
Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With respect to terms and units in the present invention. The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment. FIG. 2 is a top view of a first embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle partition mechanism of the first embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, and a heat exchange structure, a dust removal structure and a denitration structure which are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet. The heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchange mechanism 101; the first heat exchange mechanism 101 has a vertical first channel 110 for the gas to be treated to flow and a horizontal second channel 120 for the cooling medium to flow. The dust removal structure includes a filter element 210; the filter element 210 and the first heat exchange mechanism 101 share one ash bucket 410; the gas to be treated passes through the first heat exchange mechanism 101 from top to bottom and then enters the ash bucket 410, and then passes through the filter element 210 from bottom to top and then enters the denitration structure. The denitration structure comprises a denitration catalyst box body 310 and an ammonia spraying mechanism 320; the ammonia injection mechanism 320 is used for inputting ammonia water into the gas to be treated before entering the denitration catalyst box 310.
The first heat exchange mechanism 101 and the second heat exchange mechanism 102 further include a partitioning mechanism, the partitioning mechanism includes a heat exchange plate 131, a first baffle 132, and a second baffle 133, the first baffle 132 and the heat exchange plate 131 define the first channel 110, and the second baffle 133 and the heat exchange plate 131 define the second channel 120. The securing of the sectioning mechanism is preferably, but not limited to, by the support mechanism 134 disclosed in the chinese patent application No. 2020116254338.
An air pump 121 is disposed at an input end of the second channel 120, or a first fan 122 is disposed at an output end of the second channel 120.
The denitration catalyst box body 310 is arranged on the side of the filter element 210, and a second flow guide channel 330 is arranged above the denitration catalyst box body 310 and the filter element 210; the ammonia injection mechanism 320 comprises a spray head arranged in the gas inlet pipeline 440.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the invention.
Compared with the first embodiment, the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment of the embodiment has the following differences: as shown in fig. 4, the denitration catalyst case 310 is disposed above the filter element 210; the ammonia injection mechanism 320 comprises an ammonia injection coil pipe arranged above the filter element 210.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated device of the present invention.
Compared with the first embodiment, the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment of the embodiment has the following differences: as shown in fig. 5, the filter element 210 is provided on the side in the flow direction of the cooling medium; the heat exchange assembly further comprises two second heat exchange mechanisms 102 arranged at the front end of the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange mechanisms 102 are provided with a vertical first channel 110 for the gas to be treated to flow and a horizontal second channel 120 for the cooling medium to flow, and the two second heat exchange mechanisms 102 share one ash bucket 410; a first flow guide channel 450 which is arranged above the heat exchange assembly in a staggered manner with the ash bucket 410; the flow directions of the gas to be treated in the two adjacent first channels 110 are opposite; all the second channels 120 of the heat exchange assembly are communicated end to end.
In order to avoid higher pending gas temperature to cause unfavorable influence to denitration catalyst's life-span in the heat transfer structure, preferably locate denitration structure on the lateral wall of keeping away from heat transfer structure.
In order to avoid the mutual influence of the adjacent heat exchange mechanisms on the heat exchange effect, the first heat exchange mechanism 101 and the second heat exchange mechanism 102 are preferably arranged at a certain interval and form the second cavity 430.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the integrated heat exchange, dust removal and denitration apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a top view of a fourth embodiment of the integrated heat exchange, dust removal and denitration apparatus of the present invention.
Compare with the third embodiment, the difference that the heat transfer dust removal denitration integration equipment of this embodiment has is: as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the filter element 210 is provided at the end of the flow direction of the cooling medium; the heat exchange structure further comprises a first cavity 420 arranged between the first heat exchange mechanism 101 and the filter element 210 and a pipeline 440 connected with the top plate of the first cavity 420, the output end of the second channel 120 is communicated with the first cavity 420, the pipeline 440 is connected with the first fan 122, and the first fan 122 is installed on the top plate of the first flow guide channel 450. Therefore, the first cavity 420 can prolong the flow path of the gas to be treated in the ash bucket 410 to improve the natural settling effect, and can be used as a heat exchange cavity to improve the heat exchange effect.
Control structure for controlling the power of the first fan 122 and/or the flow of the gas to be treated is also included, including a temperature sensor 510 disposed within the inlet conduit 440 and/or the first fan 122. In particular, the controller 520 adjusts the power of the first fan 122 and/or the flow rate of the gas to be processed according to the real-time data from the temperature sensor 510.
In the above embodiment, in order to further promote heat transfer structure's heat transfer effect, heat exchange assembly still includes third heat transfer mechanism. In order to reduce the occupied area, one embodiment of the third heat exchange mechanism is shown in fig. 8, and the third heat exchange mechanism includes a heat exchange mechanism which is arranged in a water tank 460 which is additionally arranged on the side of the heat exchange assembly and is used for injecting cold water.
In the above embodiment, in order to further improve the use effect of the heat exchange structure, it is preferable to further set the ash removal structure disclosed in the chinese patent application with application number 2020116254338 in the heat exchange structure.
In the above embodiment, in order to further enhance the use effect of the dust removing structure, the filter medium of the filter element 210 is preferably a sintered metal porous membrane without support or with support (referring to the raw material powder being attached to the support and sintered together) disclosed in chinese patent publication nos. CN104759630A, CN104759629A, CN104874798A, CN104959611A, CN104959612A and CN104874801A applied by the applicant of the present application. Of course, other sintered metal porous membranes may be used, or metal fiber mats, metal meshes, ceramic membranes or ceramic fibers may be used. The filter media not only have obviously higher filtering precision and corrosion resistance than filter bags, but also can filter high-temperature dust-containing gas with the temperature of more than or equal to 280 ℃, so that a heat exchange device with higher energy consumption is not required to be additionally arranged, and the temperature of the filtered gas to be treated can enable the denitration catalyst to exert the best activity.
The heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment in the embodiment is particularly suitable for treating the furnace gas of a fuming furnace in the following, but is also suitable for treating other scenes with high-temperature dust-containing and nitrate-containing gas.
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the inventive fuming furnace gas treatment system.
As shown in fig. 9, the system for treating the furnace gas of the fuming furnace comprises a heat exchange unit 610, a heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit 620, a smelting unit, a desulfurization unit 650 and an induced draft unit 640. Heat exchange unit 610 is used for cooling the burner gas, heat exchange unit 610 includes exhaust-heat boiler. The heat exchange dust removal and denitration unit 620 is used for cooling, removing dust and performing denitration on furnace gas; the smelting unit is used for smelting the dust collected by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit 620, and comprises a smoke conveyer 631, a pelletizing machine 632 and a smelting furnace 633 which are sequentially connected with the ash bucket 410. The desulfurization unit 650 is used for desulfurizing the gas denitrated by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit 620, and the desulfurization unit 650 comprises a desulfurization tower. The induced draft unit 640 is used for drawing the furnace gas to move, and the induced draft unit 640 comprises a second fan.
Preferably, heat exchange equipment or cooling equipment is further added between the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit 620 and the desulfurization unit 650, so that the temperature of the denitrated furnace gas is within 110 ℃, and the water consumption for spray desulfurization is reduced.
The heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit 620 comprises any one of the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated devices in the above embodiments.
The embodiment of the treatment method of the furnace gas of the fuming furnace is the treatment system adopting the furnace gas of the fuming furnace.
The contents of the present invention have been explained above. Those skilled in the art will be able to practice the invention based on these descriptions. Based on the above description of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Processing system of fuming furnace burner gas, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the heat exchange unit (610) is used for cooling the furnace gas;
the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit (620) is used for cooling, dust removal and denitration of furnace gas;
the smelting unit is used for smelting the dust collected by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit (620);
the desulfurization unit (650) is used for desulfurizing the gas denitrated by the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit (620);
the induced draft unit (640) is used for dragging the furnace gas to move;
the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration unit (620) comprises heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment, and the heat exchange, dust removal and denitration integrated equipment is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, and a heat exchange structure, a dust removal structure and a denitration structure which are sequentially arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchange mechanism (101); the first heat exchange mechanism (101) is provided with a vertical first channel (110) for the gas to be treated to flow;
the dust removal structure comprises a filter element (210); the filter element (210) and the first heat exchange mechanism (101) share one ash bucket (410); the gas to be treated passes through the first heat exchange mechanism (101) from top to bottom and then enters the ash hopper (410), and then passes through the filter element (210) from bottom to top and then enters the denitration structure;
the denitration structure comprises a denitration catalyst box body (310) and an ammonia spraying mechanism (320); the ammonia spraying mechanism (320) is used for inputting ammonia water into the gas to be treated before the gas enters the denitration catalyst box body (310).
2. The fuming furnace gas treatment system of claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange unit (610) comprises a waste heat boiler; the smelting unit comprises a smoke dust conveyor (631), a pelletizing machine (632) and a smelting furnace (633) which are sequentially connected with the ash hopper (410); the desulfurization unit (650) comprises a desulfurization tower; the induced draft unit (640) includes a second fan.
3. The processing system of fuming furnace gas as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange assembly further comprises an even number of second heat exchange mechanisms (102) arranged at the front end of the first heat exchange structure, each second heat exchange mechanism (102) is provided with a vertical first channel (110) for the gas to be treated to flow, and every two second heat exchange mechanisms (102) share one ash bucket (410); a first flow guide channel (450) which is arranged in a staggered manner with the ash bucket (410) is arranged above the heat exchange assembly; the flow directions of the gas to be treated in the two adjacent first channels (110) are opposite; the first heat exchange mechanism (101) and the second heat exchange mechanism (102) are provided with a horizontal second channel (120) for flowing cooling medium.
4. The processing system of fuming furnace gas as recited in claim 3, wherein: all the second channels (120) of the heat exchange assembly are communicated end to end; a first fan (122) is arranged at the output end of the second channel (120); the first heat exchange mechanism (101) and the second heat exchange mechanism (102) further comprise a dividing mechanism, the dividing mechanism comprises a heat exchange plate (131), a first baffle plate (132) and a second baffle plate (133), the first baffle plate (132) and the heat exchange plate (131) enclose the first channel (110), and the second baffle plate (133) and the heat exchange plate (131) enclose the second channel (120).
5. The processing system of fuming furnace gas as recited in claim 4, wherein: the heat exchange structure further comprises a first cavity (420) arranged between the first heat exchange mechanism (101) and the filter element (210) and a pipeline (440) connected with a top plate of the first cavity (420), the output end of the second channel (120) is communicated with the first cavity (420), and the pipeline (440) is connected with the first fan (122).
6. The processing system of fuming furnace gas as recited in claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises a control structure for controlling the power of the first fan (122) and/or the flow of the gas to be treated, wherein the control structure comprises a temperature sensor (510) arranged in the air inlet pipeline (440) and/or the first fan (122); the first fan (122) is arranged on the top plate of the first flow guide channel (450).
7. The fuming furnace gas treatment system of claim 1, characterized in that: the denitration catalyst box body (310) is arranged above the filter element (210); or the denitration catalyst box body (310) is arranged on the side of the filter element (210), and a second flow guide channel (330) is arranged above the denitration catalyst box body (310) and the filter element (210).
8. The processing system of fuming furnace gas as recited in claim 1, wherein: the ammonia spraying mechanism (320) comprises a spray head arranged in an air inlet pipeline (440); or the ammonia spraying mechanism (320) comprises an ammonia spraying coil pipe arranged above the filter element (210).
9. The fuming furnace gas treatment system of claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange assembly further comprises a third heat exchange mechanism.
10. The method for treating the furnace gas of the fuming furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: a treatment system employing a fuming furnace gas as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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