CN115149382A - Narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and working method - Google Patents

Narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and working method Download PDF

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CN115149382A
CN115149382A CN202210814994.5A CN202210814994A CN115149382A CN 115149382 A CN115149382 A CN 115149382A CN 202210814994 A CN202210814994 A CN 202210814994A CN 115149382 A CN115149382 A CN 115149382A
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etalon
mid
parametric oscillator
infrared
narrow linewidth
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卞进田
吕国瑞
郭磊
温佳起
孔辉
徐海萍
叶庆
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
    • H01S3/1001—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by controlling the optical pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10061—Polarization control

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  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator and a working method thereof, wherein the mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator comprises: the pump source, the convex lens, the plane reflector, the MgO PPLN crystal, the concave mirror, the first etalon, the second etalon and the plane output mirror are arranged in the resonant cavity in sequence along the light path; the PPLN crystal is placed in a temperature control furnace, a heating sheet is arranged on the first etalon, and the thickness of the first etalon is larger than that of the second etalon; the invention realizes continuous wavelength tuning output by combining the thermal tuning etalon on the basis of crystal temperature tuning.

Description

Narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and working method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mid-infrared parametric oscillators, in particular to a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and a working method thereof.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The mid-infrared laser with the wave band of 3-5 mu m has important application value in various fields such as medical diagnosis, atmospheric environment monitoring, photoelectric countermeasure, high-precision spectral analysis and the like. The military infrared guidance system mainly performs reconnaissance on a light source with a wave band of 3-5 microns, and if a missile seeker emits strong laser with the wave band, the seeker can cause blindness, and the effect of covering a real target is achieved. In practical application, in order to obtain a strong enough echo signal and high resolution in laser remote detection and simultaneously reduce attenuation of a complex atmospheric environment to laser transmission to the maximum extent, not only strict requirements on laser power are provided, but also certain requirements on laser spectral width and tunability of laser output wavelength are provided. PPLN intermediate infrared parametric oscillator converts near infrared pump light to intermediate infrared parametric light band through frequency conversion, has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, wide tuning range and the like, and is a main means for realizing intermediate infrared laser output at present. Unfortunately, the parametric light with the wave band of 3-5 μm obtained by using the MgO PPLN optical parametric oscillator has a wider laser line width in a free running state, and is as high as tens of nanometers or even tens of nanometers, so that the practical application requirements are difficult to meet.
In order to obtain a laser light source with a narrow linewidth and a waveband of 3-5 μm, there are two general approaches, one is to inject seed light to obtain a narrow linewidth intermediate infrared laser output, and the other is to use a frequency-selective element such as an etalon and a diffraction grating in an optical parametric oscillator system. The former system is complex and has high realization difficulty; the latter has the advantages of compact structure, flexibility, convenience and the like.
The inventor finds that based on the etalon line width compression technology, wide tuning narrow line width laser output can be realized by tuning the temperature of the MgO PPLN crystal; however, continuous wavelength tuning cannot be achieved by this method alone, since the standard has a certain free spectral range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and a working method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator.
A narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-infrared parametric oscillator, comprising: the pump source, the convex lens, the plane reflector, the MgO PPLN crystal, the concave mirror, the first etalon, the second etalon and the plane output mirror are arranged in the resonant cavity in sequence along the light path;
the PPLN crystal is placed in a temperature control furnace, a heating sheet is arranged on the first etalon, and the thickness of the first etalon is larger than that of the second etalon.
In an optional implementation manner, the pump source is an acousto-optic modulation QNd: YAG pump source and is used for outputting linear polarization laser with the wavelength of 1064 nm.
As an optional implementation mode, the plane mirror is used as an input cavity mirror, has high transmittance at 1064nm and has high reflectivity at a wave band of 1.4-1.6 μm.
As an optional realization mode, the MgO PPLN crystal has the size of 50mm 3 ×8.6mm 3 ×1mm 3 5mol% of MgO was doped.
Alternatively, the MgO: PPLN crystal includes 7 different periodic channels, ranging from 28.5 μm to 31.5 μm, spaced 0.5 μm apart.
As an optional implementation mode, the curvature radius of the concave mirror is 500mm, the concave mirror has high transmittance in the wave bands of 1064nm and 3.4-4.3 μm, and has high reflectivity in the wave bands of 1.4-1.6 μm, and finally generated mid-infrared idler parametric light is output from the concave mirror.
As an alternative implementation, the planar output mirror has a high reflectivity at 1064nm, a high transmission in the 3.4 μm-4.3 μm band, and a transmission of 10% in the 1.4 μm-1.6 μm band.
In an alternative implementation, the convex lens has a focal length of 500mm, and the focused spot size is 0.59mm by 0.62mm.
In an alternative implementation, the resonant cavity is a V-shaped resonant cavity, and the concave mirror is disposed at a corner of the V-shaped resonant cavity.
The invention provides a working method of a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator.
A working method of a narrow-linewidth continuous-tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator, which utilizes the narrow-linewidth continuous-tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator according to the first aspect of the present invention, includes:
PPLN crystal, which is 1064nm laser pump MgO, and generates signal light and idler frequency light;
the signal light continuously oscillates in the resonant cavity, and the spectral width of the oscillating signal light is compressed through a first etalon in the cavity, so that the spectral width of the idle frequency light is indirectly restrained;
the larger free spectral range of the second etalon is utilized to further compress the parameter optical line width, and finally the narrow-line-width and continuously adjustable intermediate infrared laser output is obtained;
wherein, the wavelength tuning is carried out by changing the temperature of the MgO: PPLN crystal; or wavelength continuous tuning by changing the temperature of the first etalon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and the working method thereof realize high-power narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared laser output by combining etalon thermal tuning on the basis of crystal temperature tuning, and the output power of idler frequency light is 2W within the waveband range of 3-5 mu m; by adding two etalons with different thicknesses in the cavity, the laser output with narrower line width is realized.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are included to illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-standard-based narrow-linewidth continuously adjustable mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the output spectra before and after insertion of an etalon according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a narrow linewidth temperature-tuned output spectrum of MgO: PPLN provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of transmission peaks of an etalon provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-Nd is YAG pump source; 2-a convex lens; 3-a plane mirror; 4-temperature control furnace; 5-MgO, namely PPLN crystal; 6-concave mirror; 7-a first etalon; 8-heating plates; 9-a second etalon; 10-planar output mirror.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example (b):
the embodiment of the invention provides a narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator, which comprises: the laser comprises a YAG pump source 1, a convex lens 2, a plane reflector 3, a PPLN crystal 5, a concave mirror 6, a first etalon 7, a second etalon 9 and a plane output mirror 10 which are arranged in a resonant cavity and arranged along a light path in sequence.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an optical parametric oscillator with a V-type resonant cavity is built in the present embodiment, where 1 is Nd, a YAG pump source, and outputs a linear polarized laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm; focusing by a convex lens 2 with the focal length of 500mm, wherein the size of a focused light spot is about 0.59mm x 0.62mm;3 is a plane reflector with high transmittance at 1064nm and high reflectivity at 1.4-1.6 μm wavelength band, and can be used as input cavity mirror.
The size is 50mm 3 ×8.6mm 3 ×1mm 3 The PPLN crystal is doped with 5mol.% of MgO, and is placed in a temperature control furnace 4, the temperature precision of the temperature control furnace is 0.1 ℃, and the temperature tuning of the MgO: PPLN crystal is realized by setting the temperatures of different temperature control furnaces. PPLN crystal contains 7 different periodic channels, from 28.5 μm to 31.5 μm, spaced 0.5 μm apart, with 29.5 μm periodic channels being used in this example.
6 is a concave mirror with a curvature radius of 500mm, has high transmittance in 1064nm and 3.4-4.3 μm wave band, has high reflectance in 1.4-1.6 μm wave band, and finally generates intermediate infrared idler parametric light to be output therefrom. 7 is a first etalon, 9 is a second etalon, but the thicknesses of the first etalon and the second etalon are different (the thickness of the first etalon is larger than that of the second etalon), 8 is a heating sheet, the heating sheet is attached to the surface of the etalon 7, and the output wavelength can be continuously adjusted by changing the temperature of the etalon through the heating sheet; 10 is a planar output mirror with high reflectivity at 1064nm, high transmission in the 3.4-4.3 μm band, and 10% transmission in the 1.4-1.6 μm band.
The embodiment is a narrow-linewidth continuously adjustable MgO PPLN mid-infrared laser based on an etalon, wherein a 1064nm laser pump MgO PPLN crystal generates signal light and idler frequency light due to a nonlinear effect, wherein the signal light continuously oscillates in a resonant cavity, and the spectral width of the oscillated signal light is compressed through the etalon in the cavity, so that the spectral width of the idler frequency light is indirectly constrained, and the narrow-linewidth mid-infrared laser output is obtained. The etalon transmission peak full width at half maximum formula:
Figure BDA0003741989090000061
where λ is the incident wavelength, n is the etalon refractive index, d is the etalon thickness, and R is the etalon internal surface intensity reflectance. From the above equation, the etalon thickness affects the line width of the transmission peak. The larger the thickness of the etalon is, the smaller the half-height width of the transmission peak of the etalon is, and the more obvious the line width narrowing effect is. However, etalons also present free spectral range. The etalon free spectral range is the interval between two adjacent transmission maxima, and is specifically expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0003741989090000062
wherein d is the etalon thickness. Therefore, the thicker etalon has a small free spectral range, and a single spectral peak cannot be obtained by using only one thicker etalon for a laser with a wider fluorescence line width, so that the line width cannot be compressed well. The method for solving the problem is to add a piece of etalon with a small thickness, obtain a single peak by utilizing a large free spectral range of the etalon, and further compress the line width.
The wavelength tuning of the embodiment has two ways, namely, two ways of changing the temperature of a PPLN crystal and the thermal tuning of an etalon, and the OPO parametric optical tuning needs to satisfy the energy and momentum conservation equation:
Figure BDA0003741989090000063
Figure BDA0003741989090000071
PPLN crystal in which Λ is MgOPolarization period of (1), n p 、n s And n i The refractive indices of the pump, signal and idler, respectively, are dependent on the crystal temperature, and thus wavelength tuning can be achieved by varying the MgO: PPLN crystal temperature.
In addition, wavelength tuning can also be achieved by thermal tuning of the etalon. For an etalon, different wavelengths have different transmittances, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003741989090000072
where F is the finesse of the etalon and d is the etalon thickness. By heating the etalon, the thickness of the etalon is changed due to heating, so that the transmittance is changed, and further the wavelength continuous tuning is realized. Therefore, there are two methods for obtaining narrow linewidth continuously tunable mid-infrared laser output in this embodiment. The first is to use a thin etalon to obtain narrow linewidth output, and to realize output wavelength tuning by changing the temperature of MgO: PPLN crystal. The other method is to add a piece of etalon with thicker thickness on the basis of the first method, further compress the line width and realize the continuous tuning of the wavelength by changing the temperature of the thicker etalon.
The output spectrum of the signal light is as shown in fig. 2, and when no etalon is inserted, i.e., the OPO operates in a free operation state, the output spectrum is wide, and the spectrum width is about 1.8nm. After inserting the etalon, the spectral width is compressed to 0.039nm. It can be seen that the etalon exhibits excellent ability to compress the spectral width. According to theoretical calculation, the corresponding idler spectrum width is reduced from the original 12.17nm to 0.995nm. The output wavelength tuning curve is shown in fig. 3. It can be seen that the etalon transmission peak is well matched to the signal light output spectrum.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the first etalon is greater than the thickness of the second etalon, for example, the thickness of the first etalon is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the second etalon is 0.35mm. For an etalon of 0.5mm thickness, Δ λ (i.e. the etalon transmission peak width at half maximum) is about 1.5nm; for a 0.35mm thick etalon, Δ λ is about 2.1nm.
Fig. 4 shows the transmission peak curves of 0.5mm and 0.35mm etalons, and it can be seen that for the thicker 0.5mm etalon, the free spectral range, i.e. the distance between two adjacent transmission peaks, is smaller, and there are two transmission peaks at the OPO free state output spectral linewidth, which may result in a bimodal output when used to compress the spectral linewidth; if an etalon of 0.35mm thickness is used, there is only one transmission peak in the OPO free state output spectrum due to its large free spectral range. The actual output spectrum is the superposition part of the transmission peaks of the two etalons, so that the narrow line width is ensured, the single-peak output is obtained, the temperature of the thicker 0.5mm etalon is changed, the transmission peaks can move left and right, and the continuous tuning of the output wavelength is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A narrow linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: the pump source, the convex lens, the plane reflector, the MgO, the PPLN crystal, the concave mirror, the first etalon, the second etalon and the plane output mirror are arranged in the resonant cavity along the optical path in sequence;
the PPLN crystal is arranged in a temperature control furnace, a heating sheet is arranged on the first etalon, and the thickness of the first etalon is larger than that of the second etalon.
2. The narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-ir parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the pumping source is an acousto-optic modulation QNd-YAG pumping source and is used for outputting linear polarization laser with the wavelength of 1064 nm.
3. The narrow linewidth continuously tuned mid-infrared parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the plane reflector is used as an input cavity mirror, has high transmittance at 1064nm and high reflectivity at a wave band of 1.4-1.6 μm.
4. The narrow linewidth continuously tuned mid-infrared parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the size of MgO PPLN crystal is 50mm 3 ×8.6mm 3 ×1mm 3 5mol% of MgO is doped.
5. The narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-infrared parametric oscillator of any of claims 1-4, wherein:
PPLN crystal comprises 7 different periodic channels ranging from 28.5 μm to 31.5 μm with 0.5 μm spacing.
6. The narrow linewidth continuously tuned mid-infrared parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the curvature radius of the concave mirror is 500mm, the concave mirror has high transmittance in the wave bands of 1064nm and 3.4-4.3 mu m, and has high reflectivity in the wave bands of 1.4-1.6 mu m, and finally generated mid-infrared idler parameter light is output from the concave mirror.
7. The narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-ir parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the plane output mirror has high reflectivity at 1064nm, high transmissivity at the wave band of 3.4-4.3 μm and transmissivity of 10% at the wave band of 1.4-1.6 μm.
8. The narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-ir parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the focal length of the convex lens is 500mm, and the focused spot size is 0.59mm x 0.62mm.
9. The narrow linewidth continuous-tuned mid-ir parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein:
the resonant cavity is a V-shaped resonant cavity, and the concave mirror is arranged at the corner of the V-shaped resonant cavity.
10. A method of operating a narrow linewidth continuous tuned mid-ir parametric oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
PPLN crystal, generating signal light and idler frequency light, the signal light continuously oscillating in the resonant cavity, compressing the spectral width of the oscillating signal light through the first etalon in the cavity, indirectly constraining the spectral line width of the idler frequency light, obtaining a single peak by utilizing the larger free spectral range of the second etalon, further compressing the line width, and finally obtaining the narrow-line-width and continuously adjustable mid-infrared laser output;
wherein, the wavelength is tuned by changing the temperature of the MgO: PPLN crystal; or wavelength continuous tuning by changing the temperature of the first etalon.
CN202210814994.5A 2022-07-12 2022-07-12 Narrow-linewidth continuous tuning mid-infrared parametric oscillator and working method Pending CN115149382A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117175339A (en) * 2023-08-25 2023-12-05 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Method for generating middle-far infrared laser with wide tuning range and high resolution

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117175339A (en) * 2023-08-25 2023-12-05 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Method for generating middle-far infrared laser with wide tuning range and high resolution
CN117175339B (en) * 2023-08-25 2024-05-24 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Method for generating middle-far infrared laser with wide tuning range and high resolution

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