CN106300002A - A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings - Google Patents

A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings Download PDF

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CN106300002A
CN106300002A CN201610820639.3A CN201610820639A CN106300002A CN 106300002 A CN106300002 A CN 106300002A CN 201610820639 A CN201610820639 A CN 201610820639A CN 106300002 A CN106300002 A CN 106300002A
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laser
raman
fiber
gas
hollow
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CN106300002B (en
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王泽锋
陈育斌
顾博
陈子伦
曹涧秋
奚小明
许晓军
司磊
陈金宝
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/305—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in a gas

Abstract

A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings, this laser instrument includes the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband, first order gas Raman laser generator and second level gas Raman laser generator, the pumping laser of 1 μm that the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband is produced by described first order gas Raman laser generator changes into first order Raman scattering laser, and described first order Raman scattering laser is 1.5 mu m wavebands or the laser of 2 mu m wavebands；First order Raman scattering laser is changed into second level Raman scattering laser by described second level gas Raman laser generator, and Raman scattering laser in the second level is the 3～5 tunable mid-infrared lasers of mu m waveband.The mode that the present invention uses gas Raman to cascade first achieves 3～5 mu m waveband tunable mid-infrared laser outputs in antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber.

Description

A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of laser device technology, relate to a kind of based on gas cascade stimulated Raman scattering effect in hollow-core fiber , should can produce the new laser of 3～5 mu m waveband tuning mid-infrared laser outputs.
Background technology
3～5 mu m waveband middle infrared lasers are in propagation in atmosphere window due to its wavelength, are suitable for passing the most at a distance Defeated, therefore at civilian technology necks such as the military field such as infrared counteraction, laser radar and laser spectrum experiment, atmosphere environment supervisions There is important using value in territory, is the most all the focus of international research.
The conventional art means of currently acquired mid-infrared laser mainly include gas molecules sorb transition and non-linear change Frequently technology.
Chemical laser is exactly to utilize the absorption in over-frequency of HF, DF molecule and fundamental transition to produce in 2.7 μm and 3.8 μm Iraser exports, and can reach megawatts of power level, and have good beam quality.But, chemical laser needs Complicated and huge vacuum tail gas processing system, bulky, mobility is poor, limits the application of chemical laser.
Optical parametric oscillation is the one important additive mixing technological means of currently acquired mid-infrared output, by the highest Spend business-like 1064nm laser pump (ing) nonlinear crystal, it is possible to obtain the broad tuning output of whole middle-infrared band, but limited Relatively low in the damage threshold of solid nonlinear crystal, mid-infrared light parameter oscillation laser power level never obtains big Promote.
Raman scattering is the another kind of important additive mixing means obtaining mid-infrared laser, and conversion efficiency is very Height, solid Roman laser conversion quantum efficiency even can reach close to 100%.But, the Raman frequency of solid Roman medium Shifting coefficients comparison is little, the Raman frequency shift of basic only hundreds of wave number, so in needing could be realized by multi-stage cascade Raman Infrared output, Raman conversion efficiency reduces along with the increase of Raman progression, and therefore mid-infrared cascades Raman solid state laser Conversion efficiency is the lowest.
Compared to solid Roman medium, gas Raman medium has bigger Raman frequency shift coefficient, the vibration of such as hydrogen Raman frequency shift coefficient is 4155cm-1As long as the near-infrared frequency to mid-infrared just can be realized by second order even single order Raman Conversion.Traditional gas Raman laser instrument typically uses air chamber, pumping laser and the mutual distance of Raman medium in air chamber The shortest, cause threshold pump power the highest, the power level even needed megawatt can be only achieved pumping threshold.Additionally, due to It is inevitably generated multistage Raman signal so as to get the Raman conversion efficiency of specific wavelength is the lowest.
Summary of the invention
Prior art uses the output of solid Roman media implementation mid-infrared need many level Raman frequency conversions thus cause drawing The shortcoming that graceful conversion efficiency is the lowest.And in traditional gas cavity configuration, due to pumping laser and Raman gas operating distance very short-range missile Cause pumping threshold the highest, it is achieved the output of gas Raman mid-infrared laser needs the highest pump power.In order to overcome existing skill Disadvantages described above in art, present invention incorporates gas Raman frequency displacement coefficient big, it is achieved mid-infrared output has only to one and draws to second order The advantage of graceful scattering, and pumping laser and Raman medium EFFECTIVE RANGE length in hollow-core fiber, Raman threshold are low, Raman turns Change the advantage that efficiency is high.On this basis, the present invention proposes a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings Ramar laser.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings, it is tunable with 1 mu m waveband Laser generator is pumping source, produces 3～5 μm ripples by the cascade stimulated Raman scattering of gas of the same race or two kinds of gas with various Section tunable mid-infrared laser output.This laser instrument includes that the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband, first order gas Raman laser produce Generating apparatus and second level gas Raman laser generator, described first order gas Raman laser generator can by 1 mu m waveband The pumping laser of 1 μm that tuning pump source produces changes into first order Raman scattering laser, described first order Raman scattering laser It is 1.5 mu m wavebands or the laser of 2 mu m wavebands；First order Raman scattering is swashed by described second level gas Raman laser generator Light changes into second level Raman scattering laser, and Raman scattering laser in the second level is the 3～5 tunable mid-infrared lasers of mu m waveband.
The pumping laser coupling of 1 μm that the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband is produced by first order gas Raman laser generator Close in first order raman laser generator one section to be filled with in the hollow-core fiber of first order Raman gas, by first order Raman The laser of 1 mu m waveband is transformed into the first order Raman scattering of 1.5 mu m wavebands or 2 mu m wavebands by the stimulated Raman scattering of gas molecule Laser；The first order raman laser of generation is coupled in the raman laser generator of the second level one section again and is filled with second level Raman In the hollow-core fiber of gas, the stimulated Raman scattering of second level Raman gas molecule is utilized to produce the second level 3～5 mu m waveband adjustable Humorous mid-infrared laser.
The transmission spectrum of the hollow-core fiber that its first order raman laser generator of the present invention uses meets: pump wavelength0 It is 1 μm, raman laser wavelength X1It is that 1.5 μm or 2 μm, pumping wavelength and raman laser wavelength are positioned at hollow-core fiber transmission spectrum In.The transmission spectrum of the hollow-core fiber that second level raman laser generator uses meets: pump wavelength0Be 1.5 μm or 2 μm, Raman laser wavelength X1It is that 3～5 μm, pumping wavelength and raman laser wavelength are similarly positioned in hollow-core fiber transmission spectrum.
First order Raman gas is a kind of alkanes gas or hydrogen.Described alkanes gas include methane, ethane, third Alkane, butane, ethylene etc..
Second level Raman gas is hydrogen or a kind of alkanes gas.Alkanes gas includes methane, ethane, propane, fourth Alkane, ethylene etc..
Described 1 mu m waveband tunable laser generator can be laser oscillator, it is also possible to be laser amplifier；Permissible It is optical-fiber laser generator, it is also possible to be Solid State Laser generator；Can be pulse laser generator, it is also possible to be even Continuous laser generator.
Described first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator can be that single-pass configuration swashs Light generating device or annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator.
Further, described single-pass configuration laser generator includes 1# high reflective mirror, 2# successively along optic path direction High reflective mirror, 1# half-wave plate, polarization splitting prism, 2# half-wave plate, coupled lens, input air chamber, hollow-core fiber, outfan gas Room, output lens and filter plate.Pumping laser realizes the collimation to pumping laser through 1# high reflective mirror and 2# high reflective mirror, The power of the pumping laser after 1# half-wave plate and polarization splitting prism collimation is controlled, 2# half-wave plate regulation pumping laser Polarization direction, pumping laser is coupled in the fibre core of hollow-core fiber by coupled lens through the input window of input air chamber, pumping Laser in hollow fibre core with fibre core in fill Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect produce one way amplify draw Graceful laser, directly exports raman laser after then being collimated by output lens after filtering remnant pump laser by filter plate again. In single-pass configuration laser generator only there is stimulated Raman scattering in pumping laser in one way with Raman gas, substantially draws Graceful laser amplifier configurations.
In single-pass configuration laser generator, input air chamber is provided with the input allowing light beam seal while passing through Window.Hollow-core fiber is connected between input air chamber and outfan air chamber, and input air chamber is provided with while allowing light beam pass through The input window sealed, outfan air chamber is provided with the output window allowing light beam seal while passing through equally Mouthful.Input air chamber and outfan air chamber all can realize supplementing Raman gas to hollow-core fiber.Hollow-core fiber by pumping laser and Raman gas constrains in the fibre core of μm magnitude.
Further, described annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator includes successively that along optic path direction 3# is high anti- Mirror, 4# high reflective mirror, 3# half-wave plate, polarization splitting prism, 4# half-wave plate, coupled lens, pumping laser high dichroic mirror, input thoroughly Air chamber, hollow-core fiber, outfan air chamber, output lens, filter plate, 5# high reflective mirror, output coupling mirror and feedback coupled lens. Pumping laser realizes the collimation to pumping laser, 3# half-wave plate and polarization splitting prism alignment through 3# high reflective mirror and 4# high reflective mirror The power of the pumping laser after Zhi is controlled, 4# half-wave plate regulation pumping laser polarization direction.Through the output of 4# half-wave plate Pumping laser realizes the pattern match of pumping laser and hollow-core fiber fibre core by coupled lens, and then pumping laser is through pumping The input window of laser high dichroic mirror and input air chamber thoroughly is coupled in the fibre core of hollow-core fiber, and pumping laser is at hollow light Fine fibre core produces, with the Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect being filled in fibre core, the raman laser that one way is amplified, After raman laser sequentially passes through the output window of outfan air chamber, output collimating lens collimation, filter plate filtering, high reflective mirror reflection Arriving output coupling mirror, a part of raman laser is high the most double through feedback coupled lens and pumping laser again through output coupling mirror Re-injecting into after color mirror in hollow-core fiber, form annular chamber feedback circuit, output coupling mirror is by straight for another part raman laser Connect output.
In annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator, its input air chamber is provided with and allows light beam play sealing work while passing through Input window.Hollow-core fiber is connected between input air chamber and outfan air chamber, and input air chamber is provided with and allows light beam lead to The input window sealed while crossing, outfan air chamber is provided with and allows light beam seal while passing through equally Output window.Input air chamber and outfan air chamber all can be inflated to hollow-core fiber.Hollow-core fiber is by pumping laser and Raman gas Body constrains in the fibre core of μm magnitude.
Described annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator is on the basis of single-pass configuration laser generator, in input Adding a dichroic mirror before window, fed back by the raman laser that single-pass configuration exports again and be coupled in hollow-core fiber, formation is closed Ring structure, has substantially constituted laser oscillator structure.
Further, the hollow-core fiber in described first order raman laser generator (is used in 1 μm and 1.5 mu m wavebands Produce 1.5 mu m waveband first order raman lasers) or 1 μm and 2 mu m wavebands (for producing 2 mu m waveband first order raman lasers) have Relatively low loss.Described first order Raman gas includes that the alkanes gases such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene (produce 1.5 mu m waveband first order raman lasers) and hydrogen (producing 2 mu m waveband first order raman lasers).
Further, described second level raman laser generator hollow core optical fiber is at 1.5 μm and 3～5 mu m wavebands (first Level raman laser is 1.5 mu m wavebands) or 2 μm and 3～5 mu m wavebands (first order raman laser is 2 mu m wavebands) there is relatively low transmission Loss；Described second level Raman gas includes alkanes gas and the hydrogen such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene.
The method have technical effect that:
1, the present invention realizes 3～5 μm tunable mid-infrared laser outputs the most in a fiber so that develop compact conformation steady Fixed mid-infrared light source is possibly realized；
2, the present invention uses hollow-core fiber to constrain in fibre core by pumping laser and Raman gas, pumping laser and Raman gas The effective interaction distance of body is the longest, and the loss of hollow-core fiber is the lowest, greatly reduces pumping threshold；And hollow light Fine output loss spectrum can be with particular design so that have relatively low-loss at pumping wavelength and single order Raman wavelength, and at height There is at the Raman wavelength of rank the highest loss, substantially increase the conversion efficiency of single order Raman signal.
3, the present invention utilizes 1 common mu m waveband laser to be pumping source, has only used two kinds of gases or the two-stage of gas of the same race Cascade Raman is achieved that 3～5 μm mid-infrared laser outputs, and total Raman conversion efficiency is the highest.
The gas stimulated Raman scattering that appears as of hollow-core fiber waveguiding structure provides ideal environment.Hollow-core fiber Effectively pumping laser can be constrained in the fibre core of μm magnitude, abundant with the Raman gas being filled in hollow-core fiber fibre core Effect, EFFECTIVE RANGE is the longest, will be substantially reduced Raman threshold.Further, appropriate design hollow-core fiber can be passed through Structural parameters, it is thus achieved that specific loss characteristic, make hollow-core fiber at pumping wave band and want the middle-infrared band produced There is the lowest loss simultaneously, the Raman conversion efficiency of specific middle infrared wavelength can be greatly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 show a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Raman laser structure sketch realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings.
101 is the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband；102 is the pumping of 1 mu m waveband that the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband produces Laser；103 is first order raman laser generator；104 is first order Raman scattering laser；105 is second level raman laser Generator；106 is second level Raman scattering laser.
Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) respectively illustrates a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Raman realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings and swashs Light device fundamental diagram.
A kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Raman laser structure figure realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 (a), (b), (c), (d) are a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar lasers realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings Four kinds of structure charts, respectively correspondence: it is single that two-stage Ramar laser is all ring cavity structure, first order ring cavity structure adds the second level Journey structure, first order single-pass configuration add second level ring cavity structure and two-stage Ramar laser is all single-pass configuration.
300 is pump laser；301 is 1 μm pumping laser；302 is the first high reflective mirror；303 is the second high reflective mirror；304 It it is the first half-wave plate；305 is 1# polarization splitting prism；306 is the second half-wave plate；307 is 1# coupled lens；308 is 1# pumping The high dichroic mirror thoroughly of laser；309 is 1# incidence window；310 is 1# input air chamber；311 is 1# hollow-core fiber；312 export for 1# End air chamber；313 is 1# output window；314 is 1# collimating lens；315 is 1# filter plate；316, the 3rd high reflective mirror；317 is 1# coupling Close outgoing mirror；318 feed back coupled lens for 1#；319 is first order Raman gas；320 is first order Raman scattering laser；
321 it is the 4th high reflective mirror, 322 is the 5th high reflective mirror；323 is the 3rd half-wave plate；324 is 2# polarization splitting prism； 325 is the 4th half-wave plate；326 is 2# coupled lens；327 is the high dichroic mirror thoroughly of 2# pumping laser；328 is 2# incidence window；329 For 2# input air chamber；330 is 2# hollow-core fiber；331 is 2# outfan air chamber；332 is 2# output window；333 collimate for 2# Lens；334 is 2# filter plate, and 335 is the 6th high reflective mirror；336 is 2# output coupling mirror；337 feed back coupled lens for 2#；338 For second level Raman gas；339 is 3～5 μm Raman scattering laser of second level raman laser generator output；
Fig. 4 show the hollow that a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings is used Cross section of optic fibre scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph, wherein Fig. 4 (a) is the cross-sectional scans electricity of free boundary type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber Mirror figure；Fig. 4 (b) is icecream-type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure.
Fig. 5 show the hollow that a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings is used The design transmission spectrum schematic diagram of optical fiber
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 show a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Raman laser structure sketch realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings And fundamental diagram.The present invention includes the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband 101, first order gas Raman laser generator 103 and Second level gas Raman laser generator 105, first order gas Raman laser generator 103 is by the 1 tunable pump of mu m waveband The pumping laser 102 of 1 μm that source, Pu produces changes into first order Raman scattering laser 104, described first order Raman scattering laser 104 is the laser of 1.5 mu m wavebands or 2 mu m wavebands；Described second level gas Raman laser generator 105 is by first order Raman Scattering laser changes into second level Raman scattering laser 106, and second level Raman scattering laser 106 is that 3～5 mu m wavebands are tunable Mid-infrared laser.
The first order in a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings of the present invention is drawn Graceful laser generator and second level raman laser generator are single-pass configuration laser generator or annular chamber feedback arrangement Laser generator.
Specifically can be designed such that as shown in Fig. 3 (a), first order raman laser generator and second level Raman swash Light generating device is annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator.Or as shown in Fig. 3 (b), first order raman laser produces Device is annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator；Second level raman laser generator is that single-pass configuration laser produces dress Put.Or as shown in Fig. 3 (c), first order raman laser generator is single-pass configuration laser generator；Second level Raman swashs Light generating device is annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator.Or as shown in Fig. 3 (d), first order raman laser produces dress Put and be single-pass configuration laser generator with second level raman laser generator.
It is all that annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator illustrates that the one of the present invention can realize 3 below with two-level laser ～5 mu m waveband tuning fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser detailed description of the invention:
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings, including pump Pu laser instrument 300, first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator, wherein first order raman laser Generator and second level raman laser generator are annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator.First order gas Raman The pumping laser 301 of 1 μm that pump laser 300 is produced by laser generator changes into first order Raman scattering laser 320, Described first order Raman scattering laser 320 is the laser of 1.5 mu m wavebands or 2 mu m wavebands.First order Raman scattering laser 320 is also Pumping laser as second level raman laser generator.First order raman laser generator depends on along optic path direction Secondary include first high reflective mirror the 302, second high reflective mirror the 303, first half-wave plate 304,1# polarization splitting prism the 305, second half-wave plate 306,1# coupled lens 307, the high dichroic mirror 308 thoroughly of 1# pumping laser, 1# input air chamber 310,1# hollow-core fiber 311,1# are defeated Go out to hold air chamber 312,1# collimating lens 314,1# filter plate the 315, the 3rd high reflective mirror 316,1# output coupling mirror 317 and 1# to feed back coupling Close lens 318.
The 1 μm pumping laser 301 that pump laser 300 produces is by the first high reflective mirror 302 and the second high reflective mirror 303, real Show the collimation to pumping laser.First high reflective mirror 302 and the second high reflective mirror 303 are 1 μm high reflective mirror.First half-wave plate 304 Being controlled with the power of the pumping laser after 1# polarization splitting prism 305 collimation again, then the second half-wave plate 306 is the most right The polarization direction of pumping laser realizes regulation, makes the polarization direction of pumping laser reach optimum coupling effect, wherein the first half-wave Sheet 304 and the second half-wave plate 306 are 1 μm half-wave plate, and 1# polarization splitting prism 305 is 1 mu m polarized Amici prism.Then, pump Pu laser realizes the pattern match of pumping laser and its fibre core of hollow-core fiber, then pumping laser warp by 1# coupled lens 307 The 1# input window 309 crossing high the dichroic mirror 308 and 1# input air chamber thoroughly of 1# pumping laser is coupled to 1# hollow-core fiber 311 In fibre core.1# hollow-core fiber 311 is at 1 μm and 1.5 mu m wavebands or at the relatively low hollow light of 1 μm and 2 mu m waveband losses Fine.Pumping laser in the fibre core of 1# hollow-core fiber 311 be filled in first order Raman gas 319 therein and be excited Raman scattering phase interaction, is converted to the first order stimulated Raman Scattering light of 1.5 μm or 2 mu m wavebands, 1.5 μm or 2 μm The Raman scattering laser of the first order of wave band sequentially passes through the 1# output window 313 of 1# outfan air chamber 312,1# collimating lens 314 collimations, 1# filter plate 315 are (filter plate 315 to 1 μm pumping laser efficient absorption, to 1.5 μm or 2 μm first order Raman scatterings Light is high thoroughly；) filtering, the 3rd high reflective mirror 316 reflection after arrive 1# output coupling mirror 317, a part of first order Raman scattering laser Refill after the high dichroic mirror 308 thoroughly of 1# feedback coupled lens 318 and 1# pumping laser again through 1# output coupling mirror 317 In 1# hollow-core fiber 311, forming annular chamber feedback circuit, 1# output coupling mirror 317 is by another part first order Raman scattering Laser coupled exports 1.5 μm or the first order Raman scattering of 2 mu m wavebands produced as first order raman laser generator Laser 320 exports, it is achieved thereby that the first order Raman scattering laser 320 of 1 μm pumping laser 301 to 1.5 μm or 2 mu m wavebands Output.
1.5 μm of first order raman laser generator output or the first order Raman scattering laser 320 of 2 mu m wavebands are made For the pumping laser of second level raman laser generator, also pass through identical with first order raman laser generator structure The Ramar laser of ring cavity structure, with the second level Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect in hollow-core fiber, produces 3 ～5 μm Raman scattering laser 339 export.
Specifically, second level raman laser generator include successively along optic path direction the 4th high reflective mirror 321, Five high reflective mirror the 322, the 3rd half-wave plates 323,2# polarization splitting prism the 324, the 4th half-wave plate 325,2# coupled lens 326,2# pump Pu laser high dichroic mirror 327,2# input air chamber 329, hollow-core fiber 330,2# outfan air chamber 331,2# collimating lens thoroughly 333,2# filter plate the 334, the 6th high reflective mirror 335,2# output coupling mirror 336 and 2# feed back coupled lens 337.Wherein the 4th is high anti- Mirror 321 and the 5th high reflective mirror 322 are 1.5 μm or 2 μm high reflective mirrors.3rd half-wave plate 323 and the 4th half-wave plate 325 are 1.5 μ M or 2 μm half-wave plates.2# polarization splitting prism 324 is 1.5 μm or 2 mu m polarized Amici prisms.The high dichroic mirror thoroughly of 2# pumping laser 327 pairs of 1.5 μm or 2 μm pumping lasers are high thoroughly, high anti-to 3～5 μm second level Raman diffused lights.2# hollow-core fiber 330 is 1.5 μm and 3～5 mu m wavebands or at the relatively low hollow-core fiber of 2 μm and 3～5 μm losses.2# filter plate 334 is to 1.5 μm or 2 μm Pumping laser efficient absorption is high thoroughly to 3～5 μm Raman diffused lights.6th high reflective mirror 335 is 3～5 μm high reflective mirrors.
As shown in Fig. 3 (b), a kind of fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings, including pump Pu laser instrument 300, first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator, wherein first order raman laser Generator annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator, second level raman laser generator is that single-pass configuration laser produces dress Put.The pumping laser 301 of 1 μm that pump laser 300 is produced by first order gas Raman laser generator changes into first Level Raman scattering laser 320, described first order Raman scattering laser 320 is the laser of 1.5 mu m wavebands or 2 mu m wavebands.
First order raman laser generator includes successively that along optic path direction the first high reflective mirror 302, second is high anti- Mirror the 303, first half-wave plate 304,1# polarization splitting prism the 305, second half-wave plate 306,1# coupled lens 307,1# pumping laser High dichroic mirror 308,1# input air chamber 310,1# hollow-core fiber 311,1# outfan air chamber 312,1# collimating lens 314,1# thoroughly Filter plate the 315, the 3rd high reflective mirror 316,1# output coupling mirror 317 and 1# feedback coupled lens 318.Here first order raman laser Structure and the implementation of generator are identical, at this no longer with the first order raman laser generator in Fig. 3 (a) Repeat.
Second level raman laser generator is single-pass configuration laser generator, and it wraps successively along optic path direction Include the 4th high reflective mirror the 321, the 5th high reflective mirror the 322, the 3rd half-wave plate 323,2# polarization splitting prism the 324, the 4th half-wave plate 325, 2# coupled lens 326,2# input air chamber 329,2# hollow-core fiber 330,2# outfan air chamber 331,2# collimating lens 333 and 2# Filter plate 334, first order Raman scattering laser 320 is high through the 4th as the pumping laser of second level raman laser generator Anti-mirror 321 and the 5th high reflective mirror 322 realize the collimation to pumping laser, the 3rd half-wave plate 323 and 2# polarization splitting prism 324 The power of the pumping laser after collimation is controlled, and the 4th half-wave plate 325 regulates pumping laser polarization direction, and 2# coupling is thoroughly Pumping laser is coupled in the fibre core of 2# hollow-core fiber 330 by mirror 326 through the 2# input window 328 of 2# input air chamber 329, pump Pu laser in 2# hollow-core fiber 330 with fibre core in fill Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect produce one way put Big raman laser, is then exported by the 2# output window 332 of 2# outfan air chamber 331, and the raman laser of output is accurate through 2# Directly exporting after filtering remnant pump laser by 2# filter plate 334 again after straight lens 333 collimation, 3～5 μm that are of output are drawn Graceful scattering laser 339.
The hollow-core fiber that the present invention uses is the antiresonance negative cruvature hollow in middle-infrared band with relatively low loss Optical fiber, this optical fiber is made up of the many capillaries 402 in cladding capillaries 401, fibre core 403 and fibre core, and all capillary tubies are equal For glass material.Antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber can be divided into free boundary type antiresonance by the shape according to capillary tube 402 Negative cruvature hollow-core fiber and icecream-type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber, wherein free boundary type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow light Capillary tube 402 in fibre core corresponding to fibre is circle.Fibre core corresponding to icecream-type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber Interior capillary tube 402 has class shape of ice cream.Free boundary type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber and icecream-type antiresonance Negative cruvature hollow-core fiber is respectively as shown in Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), and in figure, white portion is airport, and gray area is glass material. According to actual needs, thus it is possible to vary the size of cladding capillaries 401 and the size and number of fibre core inner capillary tube 402, especially For the free boundary type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber shown in Fig. 4 (a), the size of each capillary tube 402 can be different.This Territory, the high loss zone wavelength location planting hollow-core fiber can be given by:
In formula, λmFor resonant wavelength, unit is nm, namely high-transmission loss region wavelength；D is fibre core capillary tube 402 Equivalence wall thickness, unit is nm；M is positive integer, represents different resonance zones；n2And n1It is respectively cladding glass and core region The refractive index of (generally air).
By controlling the thickness of cladding capillaries wall and then the transmission belt of antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber can be designed, make Obtain pump wavelength0, raman laser wavelength X1With the relative position of the transmission spectrum of optical fiber as shown in Figure 5.It is seen from fig 5 that pump Pumping wavelength λ0With raman laser wavelength X1Lay respectively in two transmission belts of this optical fiber, can be with inhibitor and competition by this design The generation of Raman lines, improves the transformation efficiency of mid-infrared laser to greatest extent.
The explanation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention contained above, this is the technical characteristic in order to describe the present invention in detail, and Be not intended to be limited in the concrete form described by embodiment summary of the invention, carry out according to present invention purport other Amendment and modification are also protected by this patent.The purport of present invention is to be defined by the claims, rather than by embodiment Specifically describe and defined.

Claims (10)

1. the fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser that can realize 3～5 mu m waveband tunings, it is characterised in that include 1 mu m waveband Tunable pumping source, first order gas Raman laser generator and second level gas Raman laser generator, described first The pumping laser of 1 μm that the 1 tunable pumping source of mu m waveband is produced by level gas Raman laser generator is coupled into the first order and draws In graceful laser generator, one section is filled with in the hollow-core fiber of first order Raman gas, by being subject to of first order Raman gas molecule Swash Raman scattering and the laser of 1 mu m waveband is transformed into the first order Raman scattering laser of 1.5 mu m wavebands or 2 mu m wavebands；Described The first order raman laser coupling that described first order raman laser generator is produced by secondary gas raman laser generator It is filled with to one section in the hollow-core fiber of second level Raman gas, utilizes the stimulated Raman scattering of second level Raman gas molecule to produce 3～the 5 tunable mid-infrared lasers of mu m waveband.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 1, its feature Be, the hollow-core fiber that first order gas Raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator use be in Infrared band has free boundary type or icecream-type antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber, this hollow optic fibre of relatively low loss Being made up of the many capillaries in cladding capillaries, fibre core and fibre core, all capillary tubies are glass material.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 2, its feature Being, territory, the high loss zone wavelength location of antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber can be given by:
λ m = 2 d m n 2 2 - n 1 2
In formula, λmFor resonant wavelength, unit is nm, namely territory, high loss zone wavelength；D is cladding capillaries wall thickness, and unit is nm；M is positive integer, represents different resonance zones；n2And n1It is respectively clad silica and the refractive index of core region.
By controlling the thickness of cladding capillaries wall and then the transmission belt of antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber can be designed so that pump Pumping wavelength λ0With raman laser wavelength X1Lay respectively in two transmission belts of antiresonance negative cruvature hollow-core fiber, according to actual need Want, size and the size and number of fibre core inner capillary tube of cladding capillaries can be changed.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 2, its feature Being, the transmission spectrum of the hollow-core fiber used in first order gas Raman laser generator meets: pump wavelength0Be 1 μm, Raman laser wavelength X1It is that 1.5 μm or 2 μm, pumping wavelength and raman laser wavelength are positioned in hollow-core fiber transmission spectrum；
The transmission spectrum of the hollow-core fiber used in the gas Raman laser generator of the second level meets: pump wavelength0Be 1.5 μm or Person 2 μm, raman laser wavelength X1It is that 3～5 μm, pumping wavelength and raman laser wavelength are positioned in hollow-core fiber transmission spectrum.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 1, its feature Being, first order Raman gas is a kind of alkanes gas or hydrogen, and second level Raman gas is hydrogen or a kind of alkanes gas Body, described alkanes gas includes methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene etc..
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 1, its feature Be, 1 mu m waveband tunable laser generator be laser oscillator, laser amplifier, optical-fiber laser generator, solid swash Light generating device, pulse laser generator or continuous laser generator.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 1, its feature Being, described first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator are single-pass configuration laser generator Or annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 7, its feature Being, described single-pass configuration laser generator includes 1# high reflective mirror, 2# high reflective mirror, 1# half-wave successively along optic path direction Sheet, polarization splitting prism, 2# half-wave plate, coupled lens, input air chamber, hollow-core fiber, outfan air chamber, output lens and Filter plate；Pumping laser realizes the collimation to pumping laser, 1# half-wave plate and polarization point through 1# high reflective mirror and 2# high reflective mirror The power of the pumping laser after light prism collimation is controlled, and 2# half-wave plate regulation pumping laser polarization direction, coupling is thoroughly Pumping laser is coupled in the fibre core of hollow-core fiber by mirror through the input window of input air chamber, and pumping laser is in hollow fibre core With fibre core is filled Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect produce the raman laser that one way is amplified, then by defeated Raman laser is directly exported after filtering remnant pump laser by filter plate again after going out collimated.
The fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings the most according to claim 7, its feature Be, described annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator include successively along optic path direction 3# high reflective mirror, 4# high reflective mirror, 3# half-wave plate, polarization splitting prism, 4# half-wave plate, coupled lens, pumping laser high dichroic mirror, input air chamber, hollow light thoroughly Fibre, outfan air chamber, output lens, filter plate, 5# high reflective mirror, output coupling mirror and feedback coupled lens；Pumping laser warp 3# high reflective mirror and 4# high reflective mirror realize the collimation to pumping laser, the pump after 3# half-wave plate and polarization splitting prism collimation The power of Pu laser is controlled, 4# half-wave plate regulation pumping laser polarization direction；Logical through the pumping laser of 4# half-wave plate output Overcoupling lens realize the pattern match of pumping laser and hollow-core fiber fibre core, and then pumping laser is high the most double through pumping laser The input window of color mirror and input air chamber is coupled in the fibre core of hollow-core fiber, and pumping laser is in the fibre core of hollow-core fiber Producing, with the Raman gas generation stimulated Raman scattering effect being filled in fibre core, the raman laser that one way is amplified, raman laser depends on Coupling is arrived defeated after the secondary output window through outfan air chamber, output collimating lens collimation, filter plate filtering, high reflective mirror reflection Appearance, a part of raman laser through output coupling mirror again after the high dichroic mirror thoroughly of feedback coupled lens and pumping laser again Being injected in hollow-core fiber, form annular chamber feedback circuit, another part raman laser is directly exported by output coupling mirror.
10. according to the fiber-optic fiber gas cascade Ramar laser realizing 3～5 mu m waveband tunings described in claim 7,8 or 9, It is characterized in that, described first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator are annular chamber feedback knot Structure laser generator；
Or first order raman laser generator is annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator；Second level raman laser produces Device is single-pass configuration laser generator；
Or first order raman laser generator is single-pass configuration laser generator；Second level raman laser generator is Annular chamber feedback arrangement laser generator；
Or first order raman laser generator and second level raman laser generator are single-pass configuration laser and produce dress Put.
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CN111864514A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 2.33 mu m laser light source and all-fiber cascade narrow-linewidth 4.66 mu m optical fiber gas laser
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CN110556698A (en) * 2018-06-03 2019-12-10 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 large pulse energy far infrared laser, laser frequency conversion device and frequency conversion method
CN112186494A (en) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-05 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 CO (carbon monoxide)2Cascade ultraviolet Raman laser
WO2021156256A3 (en) * 2020-02-03 2021-12-09 Alltec Angewandte Laserlicht Technologie Gmbh Laser marking system and method of manufacturing a laser marking system
CN111864514A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 2.33 mu m laser light source and all-fiber cascade narrow-linewidth 4.66 mu m optical fiber gas laser
CN111864515A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 2.33 μm laser light source and 4.66 μm optical fiber gas laser with cascade structure
CN111864512A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-10-30 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 2.33 μm laser light source and 4.66 μm waveband fiber gas laser cascaded by two gases
CN114256729A (en) * 2020-09-22 2022-03-29 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Intermediate infrared Raman laser with narrow pulse width, high peak power and high average power
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