CN115149280A - Co-aperture omnidirectional double-circular-polarization spiral array antenna - Google Patents
Co-aperture omnidirectional double-circular-polarization spiral array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115149280A CN115149280A CN202211050673.9A CN202211050673A CN115149280A CN 115149280 A CN115149280 A CN 115149280A CN 202211050673 A CN202211050673 A CN 202211050673A CN 115149280 A CN115149280 A CN 115149280A
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- circularly polarized
- omnidirectional
- helical
- antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a common-caliber omnidirectional double-circularly-polarized helical array antenna, which comprises a plurality of first omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna units and a plurality of second omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna units; the first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit are mutually staggered and coaxially arranged in an array manner, and both comprise a cavity medium layer and a plurality of sections of metal layers; the multiple metal layers are spirally arranged around the cavity medium layer; a feed port is arranged on at least one section of metal layer; the spiral direction of the metal layer of the first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit is opposite to the spiral direction of the metal layer of the second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit; the plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units are connected in series or in parallel; and the plurality of second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units are connected in series or in parallel. The array antenna unit of the design has the advantages of large adjustable range of the space, high polarization isolation and high array gain compared with other designs under the same volume.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a common-caliber omnidirectional double-circularly-polarized helical array antenna.
Background
The helical antenna is an antenna which has a helical shape and can radiate circularly polarized waves and is composed of a metal helical line with good electric conductivity. The radiation characteristic of the helical antenna is divided into normal mode radiation and axial mode radiation, when the ratio of the diameter of the helix to the wavelength is small, the helical antenna works in a normal mode state, and circularly polarized waves can be radiated under the condition that the diameter and the thread pitch meet certain conditions. When the diameter of the helix is large and the length of one turn is close to one wavelength, the antenna operates in an axial mode state and radiates circularly polarized waves. Dual polarized antennas, i.e., antennas having both polarizations, can be divided into dual circular polarization and dual linear polarization.
Most of existing omnidirectional double-circular-polarization antennas use a feed network to feed two integrated circular-polarization antenna ports respectively, so that double circular polarization is obtained, and the problems of large size and complex feed network exist. The existing double circular polarization helical antenna has few research reports, and a Chinese patent with the application number of 201710238233.9 discloses a small-size low-elevation angle omnidirectional radiation double circular polarization antenna which utilizes a directional coupler to feed a patch to form two types of circular polarization radiation, but a radiation pattern is a cone-shaped beam facing a satellite communication scene rather than a horizontal omnidirectional beam. Chinese patent No. 201610634955.1 discloses an omnidirectional dual circular polarization antenna with same-side feeding, which has the problems of large transverse size (0.45 λ), high processing difficulty, difficulty in power distribution adjustment, insufficient gain, etc. although dual circular polarization is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a common-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna, which solves the problems of low isolation and gain, large transverse dimension, complex structure, and the like of the existing omnidirectional dual circularly polarized antenna.
In order to achieve the above technical object, the present application provides a common-caliber omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna, including a plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna elements and a plurality of second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna elements;
the first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit are mutually staggered and coaxially arranged in an array manner, and both comprise a cavity medium layer and a plurality of sections of metal layers;
the multiple metal layers are spirally arranged around the cavity medium layer;
a feed port is arranged on at least one section of the metal layer;
a helical direction of the metal layer of the first omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna element is opposite to a helical direction of the metal layer of the second omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna element;
the plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units are connected in series or in parallel through a first feed network;
the plurality of second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units are connected in series or in parallel through a second feed network.
Furthermore, a spacer is inserted between any two adjacent cavity medium layers.
Further, the spacer is a metal sheet.
Furthermore, the cavity dielectric layer is in a circular column shape or a square column shape.
According to the technical scheme, the common-caliber omnidirectional double-circularly-polarized helical array antenna is formed by mutually staggering and coaxially arranging the first omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna unit and the second omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna unit which have different spiral directions and small sizes so as to form two circularly-polarized array antennas capable of independently working, so that the unit interval adjustable range is large, the polarization isolation degree is high, and the array gain is higher than that of other designs under the same volume.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit of a common-caliber omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a common-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna with a spacer according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a normalized directional diagram of the xoy plane and the xoz plane of a co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present application;
fig. 5 is an axial ratio diagram of the xoy plane of a co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present application;
in the figure: 1. a cavity dielectric layer; 2. a metal layer; 3. a feed port; 100. a first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit; 200. a second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna element; 300. and a spacer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the embodiments in the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are used broadly and are defined as, for example, a fixed connection, an exchangeable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The embodiment of the application discloses a common-caliber omnidirectional double-circularly-polarized helical array antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5, an embodiment of a common-aperture omnidirectional dual-circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
a plurality of first omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna elements 100 and a plurality of second omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna elements 200.
The first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 are staggered and coaxially arranged in an array manner, that is, the central axis of the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 coincides with the central axis of the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200, and are staggered and arranged in an array manner along the common axis direction, and all include a cavity dielectric layer 1 and a multi-section metal layer 2, and the metal layer 2 is also a thin metal layer structure prepared by a common antenna, which is not described in detail. The staggered arrangement can avoid the situations of overlapping and close units, and the like, and further the coupling interference between the two antennas formed by the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 is strong, so that the two antennas can not work well independently. The two antennas formed by the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 occupy almost the same space (volume, cavity medium, etc.), and only the endmost unit is slightly dislocated, so as to realize the common-caliber characteristic.
The multiple metal layers 2 are spirally arranged around the cavity medium layer 1, so that multiple spiral sections can be formed, the diameters D of the multiple spiral sections are the same, the distance g between any one adjacent spiral section and the distance g between any other adjacent spiral section can be the same or different, and the multiple metal layers 2 can be distributed at equal intervals or at unequal intervals.
The spiral direction of the metal layer 2 of the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna element 100 is opposite to the spiral direction of the metal layer 2 of the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna element 200; that is, the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 are omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna units with different rotation directions, and thus the array combination can form a dual circularly polarized helical array antenna, wherein the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 can be a right-hand circularly polarized antenna unit, and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 can be a left-hand circularly polarized antenna unit.
The first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 have a feeding port 3 on at least one section of the metal layer 2.
The plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna units 100 are connected in series or in parallel through the first feed network to form a circularly polarized antenna array. The plurality of second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna units 200 are connected in series or in parallel through the second feeding network to form another circularly polarized antenna array. The first feed network and the second feed network may be common structures such as a series feed and a shunt feed with equal amplitude and in phase, without limitation.
When the array antenna designed according to the present application is tested (in the case of four right-hand circularly polarized antenna elements + four left-hand circularly polarized antenna elements), as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the array antenna can better form omnidirectional radiation on a plane (xoy) perpendicular to an axis, and the axial ratio is less than 3dB, and is a circularly polarized wave. Moreover, when one circularly polarized antenna array includes 4 circularly polarized antenna elements (i.e., when the array antenna has eight circularly polarized antenna elements in total), a gain of about 7.8dBi can be achieved, i.e., a gain of 7.8dBi can be achieved by four left-handed circularly polarized antenna elements together, and a gain of 7.8dBi can be achieved by four right-handed circularly polarized antenna elements together, which is better than the conventional design. In addition, due to the small-size unit design, the isolation between the two total ports of the circularly polarized antenna array is better than 30dB, and the design has advantages compared with the existing design. It should be noted that the isolation of 30dB refers to the isolation between the four right-hand circular polarization antenna elements and the four left-hand circular polarization antenna elements. It should be noted that, before the antenna simulation is performed, a corresponding coordinate system needs to be established. The central axis of the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and/or the central axis of the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 are/is defined as a z-axis, an o-point is arranged on the z-axis, and then an x-axis and a y-axis are arranged on a surface which is perpendicular to the z-axis and passes through the o-point, so that the establishment of a coordinate system is completed. Antenna simulation is performed based on the established coordinate system, and finally, the simulation results of fig. 4 and 5 are obtained.
Furthermore, since the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 are designed to have small sizes in the height direction, the adjustable range of the spacing h between the units is enlarged, and therefore, the spacing h between the units can be adjusted according to the spacing requirement of the actual array. The element spacing of the omnidirectional dual-polarized array is generally below 0.5 wavelength, and the minimum spacing is determined by the element size, taking the element height as an example of about 0.07 wavelength, then the array spacing can be adjusted in the range of 0.07 wavelength to 0.5 wavelength. Further, for example, with other cell sizes, such as 0.3 wavelength, the array pitch can be selected to be in the range of 0.3-0.5 wavelength.
According to the technical scheme, the common-caliber omnidirectional double-circularly-polarized helical array antenna is formed by mutually staggering and coaxially arranging the first omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omnidirectional circularly-polarized helical antenna unit 200 which have different spiral directions and small sizes so as to form two circularly-polarized array antennas capable of independently working, so that the unit interval h is large in adjustable range, the polarization isolation degree is high, and the array gain is higher than that of other designs under the same volume.
The above is a first embodiment of a common-caliber omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present embodiment, and the following is a second embodiment of a common-caliber omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna provided in the present embodiment, please refer to fig. 1 to 3 specifically.
The scheme based on the first embodiment is as follows:
further, each of the first omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 100 and the second omni-directional circularly polarized helical antenna unit 200 may be further improved in isolation by means of rotation.
Further, a spacer 300 is inserted between any two adjacent cavity medium layers 1. The isolation can be further improved by interposing a spacer 300 between cells.
Specifically, the spacer 300 is a metal sheet, a metal ring, or the like having a rotationally symmetric structural characteristic. Through testing, the design of the added isolating piece 300 can improve the isolation degree by more than 3dB on the original basis.
Further, the cavity dielectric layer 1 is in a circular column shape or a square column shape, and of course, other irregular shapes are also possible without limitation.
In summary, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and the detailed description and the application scope of the present disclosure may be modified by those skilled in the art according to the concepts of the present disclosure.
Claims (4)
1. A co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna units (100) and a plurality of second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna units (200);
the first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit (100) and the second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna unit (200) are arranged in a mutually staggered and coaxial array mode and respectively comprise a cavity medium layer (1) and a plurality of sections of metal layers (2);
the multiple sections of metal layers (2) are spirally arranged around the cavity medium layer (1);
a feed port (3) is arranged on at least one section of the metal layer (2);
the helical direction of the metal layer (2) of the first omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna element (100) is opposite to the helical direction of the metal layer (2) of the second omnidirectional circularly polarized helical antenna element (200);
the plurality of first omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units (100) are connected in series or in parallel through a first feed network;
the second omnidirectional circularly polarized spiral antenna units (200) are connected in series or in parallel through a second feed network.
2. A co-aperture omnidirectional dual-circularly polarized helical array antenna according to claim 1, wherein a spacer (300) is interposed between any two adjacent cavity medium layers (1).
3. A co-aperture omni-directional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the spacer (300) is a metal sheet.
4. A co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the cavity medium layer (1) is in a circular column shape or a square column shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211050673.9A CN115149280A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Co-aperture omnidirectional double-circular-polarization spiral array antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211050673.9A CN115149280A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Co-aperture omnidirectional double-circular-polarization spiral array antenna |
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| CN106129630A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-16 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of transceiver double-circle polarization helical antenna |
| US20170301984A1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-10-19 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | Broadband helical antenna with cutoff pattern |
| CN110911812A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and array thereof |
| CN211126039U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and array thereof |
| CN111900540A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-06 | 江苏电子信息职业学院 | Double-circular-polarization RFID array antenna |
| US20200381836A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2020-12-03 | Wade Antenna Inc. | Double helical antenna |
| CN113517558A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-10-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-isolation 5G base station antenna and wireless communication terminal |
| CN114389040A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-22 | 河源广工大协同创新研究院 | High-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling |
| CN114498016A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 | Polarization-adjustable circularly-polarized patch array antenna and polarization regulation and control method |
-
2022
- 2022-08-31 CN CN202211050673.9A patent/CN115149280A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170301984A1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-10-19 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | Broadband helical antenna with cutoff pattern |
| CN106129630A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-16 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of transceiver double-circle polarization helical antenna |
| US20200381836A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2020-12-03 | Wade Antenna Inc. | Double helical antenna |
| CN110911812A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and array thereof |
| CN211126039U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and array thereof |
| CN111900540A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-06 | 江苏电子信息职业学院 | Double-circular-polarization RFID array antenna |
| CN113517558A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-10-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-isolation 5G base station antenna and wireless communication terminal |
| CN114389040A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-22 | 河源广工大协同创新研究院 | High-gain omnidirectional circularly polarized array antenna based on array element coupling |
| CN114498016A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 | Polarization-adjustable circularly-polarized patch array antenna and polarization regulation and control method |
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Application publication date: 20221004 |