CN115149277A - Shaped antenna for stadium - Google Patents

Shaped antenna for stadium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115149277A
CN115149277A CN202210871740.7A CN202210871740A CN115149277A CN 115149277 A CN115149277 A CN 115149277A CN 202210871740 A CN202210871740 A CN 202210871740A CN 115149277 A CN115149277 A CN 115149277A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
radiation unit
antenna
phases
array
radiation
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Pending
Application number
CN202210871740.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
董政
彭建东
叶亮华
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Shenzhen Mahe Technology Co ltd
Guangdong University of Technology
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Mahe Technology Co ltd
Guangdong University of Technology
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Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Mahe Technology Co ltd, Guangdong University of Technology filed Critical Shenzhen Mahe Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202210871740.7A priority Critical patent/CN115149277A/en
Publication of CN115149277A publication Critical patent/CN115149277A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped stadium antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate and an antenna array arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein the antenna array is a radiation unit square array of N rows of sub-arrays and N columns of sub-arrays; in each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit from left to right are the same, and the phases of the third radiation unit to the Nth radiation unit are the same; the first and second radiation unit phases and the third to Nth radiation unit phases have a difference of 180 degrees; in each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit from top to bottom are the same, and the phases of a third radiation unit to an Nth radiation unit are the same; the first and second radiation unit phases and the third to Nth radiation unit phases have a difference of 180 degrees. The invention has faster beam convergence capability, can obviously reduce the communication interference of a large-scale venue and improve the network coverage capability when being applied to the large-scale venue.

Description

Shaped antenna for stadium
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a shaped stadium antenna.
[ background of the invention ]
The large-scale venue has the characteristics of large area, wide space, large pedestrian flow in a short time and the like. During the course of an event, the transmission of large amounts of data can cause a significant impact on the mobile communication network. The traditional solution is to divide a large venue into a plurality of cells and cover the corresponding cells with customized narrow beam directional antennas. But co-channel interference can be caused because of overlapping areas of adjacent cells. Therefore, a solution is needed.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a shaped stadium antenna which has the advantages of rapid beam convergence capability and communication interference reduction.
Therefore, the invention provides a shaped stadium antenna, which comprises a reflecting plate and an antenna array arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein the antenna array is a radiation unit square array comprising N rows of sub-arrays and N columns of sub-arrays, and N is an integer not less than 5; in each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit from left to right are the same, and the phases of a third radiation unit and an Nth radiation unit are the same; the phase of the first radiating element and the phase of the second radiating element have a difference of 180 degrees with the phase of the third radiating element to the phase of the Nth radiating element; in each sub array of the radiation unit square array, the phases of a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit from top to bottom are the same, and the phases of a third radiation unit to an Nth radiation unit are the same; the first and second radiation unit phases and the third to Nth radiation unit phases have a difference of 180 degrees.
In one embodiment of the present invention, any one of the radiation units has a phase difference of 180 degrees after being horizontally rotated 180 degrees along its central axis before being rotated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a power ratio between the radiation elements in each row sub-array of the radiation element square array is equal to a power ratio between the radiation elements in each column sub-array.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the distances between two adjacent radiation units in the radiation unit square matrix are equal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation unit is a ± 45 ° dual-polarized electric dipole radiation unit.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ± 45 ° dual-polarized electric dipole radiation unit includes an antenna radiator, a dielectric top plate, and a feed balun; the antenna radiator is arranged on the dielectric top plate; one end of the feed balun is connected to the dielectric top plate, and the other end of the feed balun is connected to the reflecting plate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation element array further includes a separation plate disposed between two adjacent radiation elements in each row and/or each column of the radiation element matrix.
In one embodiment of the invention, the working frequency band of the shaped stadium antenna is 1710-2710MHz.
The antenna array is set as a radiation unit square array of N rows of sub-arrays and N columns of sub-arrays, wherein N is an integer not less than 5; and the phase of each radiation unit of the radiation unit square array is set, so that the beam convergence capability is high, and the power reduction degree and the sidelobe suppression of the shaped stadium antenna are optimized. The method is applied to a large-scale venue, can obviously reduce the communication interference of the venue, and improves the network coverage capability and the network capacity.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a shaped stadium antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic phase diagram of a corresponding antenna array of the shaped stadium antenna of fig. 1;
fig. 3 is another phase diagram of the corresponding antenna array of the shaped stadium antenna of fig. 1;
fig. 4 is a power ratio diagram of a corresponding antenna array of the shaped stadium antenna of fig. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the radiating elements of the antenna array of the shaped venue antenna of fig. 1;
fig. 6 is a radiation pattern of the shaped stadium antenna shown in fig. 1.
[ detailed description ] A
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a shaped stadium antenna including a reflector 1 and an antenna array 2 disposed on the reflector. The antenna array 2 is a radiation unit square array with N rows of sub-arrays and N columns of sub-arrays, and N is an integer not less than 5.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the n row sub-arrays are: a1, A2, A3, A4, 8230A, AN; the N columns of subarrays are respectively: b1, B2, B3, B4 \8230, 8230and BN.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, in each row of sub-arrays of the radiation element square matrix, the phases of the first and second radiation elements from left to right are the same, and the phases of the third to nth radiation elements are the same; the phase of the first and second radiation units and the phase of the third to Nth radiation units have a difference of 180 degrees; for example, in fig. 2, in the sub-arrays of rows A1 and A2, the phase of the first and second radiating elements from left to right in each row is 0 degree, and the phase of the third to nth radiating elements is 180 degrees; in the A3, A4, 823060, 8230, AN AN row subarray, the phases of the first and second radiating elements from left to right in each row are 180 degrees, and the phases of the third to Nth radiating elements are 0 degree. Thus, the phase difference between the third to the N-th radiation units of each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array and the first and the second radiation units is 180 degrees. In each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit from top to bottom are the same, and the phases of the third radiation unit to the Nth radiation unit are the same; the phase of the first and second radiation units and the phase of the third to Nth radiation units have a difference of 180 degrees; for example, in fig. 2, in the sub-arrays of B1 and B2 columns, the phase of the first and second radiating elements from left to right in each column is 0 degree, and the phase of the third to nth radiating elements is 180 degrees; in the B3, B4, 823060, 8230, the BN row subarrays, the phase of the first and second radiation units from top to bottom of each row is 180 degrees, and the phase of the third to Nth radiation units is 0 degree. Thus, the phase difference between the third to the Nth radiation units of each column of subarray and the phase difference between the first and the second radiation units is 180 degrees. In summary, the radiation element matrix is divided into four adjacent areas, and the phase of any radiation element in each area is 180 degrees different from the phase of any radiation element in the adjacent area. For example: referring to fig. 2 and 3, a region I composed of A1, A2 and B1, B2, a region II composed of A1, A2 and B3, B4 \8230, a region III composed of A3, A4 \8230, AN and B1, B2, a region IV composed of A3, A4 \8230, AN and B3, B4 \8230, BN; the phase difference between any radiation unit in the area I and any radiation unit in the areas II and III is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between any radiation unit in the area I and any radiation unit in the area IV is the same; the phase difference between any radiation unit in the area II and any radiation unit in the areas I and IV is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between any radiation unit in the area II and any radiation unit in the area III is the same. And so on. Thus, referring to fig. 6, after the radiation unit square array is formed, the phase of the radiation unit is set as described above, so that the main beam forming of the radiation unit square array is realized, the power reduction degree of the center frequency of the antenna is smaller than 15 degrees, the antenna has a faster beam convergence capability, and meanwhile, the antenna also embodies that the main beam of the formed venue antenna is sufficiently narrow, the mutually overlapped areas are smaller, the communication interference of a large venue can be remarkably reduced, and the network coverage capability is improved.
Any radiation unit in the radiation unit square matrix has a phase difference of 180 degrees after being horizontally rotated 180 degrees along the central axis thereof and before being rotated. In this way, when the phase of the radiation elements in the radiation element square matrix in fig. 2 is set, the third to nth radiation elements in each row can be horizontally rotated by 180 degrees along the central axis of each radiation element in the sub-arrays of the A1 and A2 rows; in the sub-array of the A3, A4, 8230, AN AN row, the first and second radiating elements of each row are horizontally rotated 180 degrees along the central axis of each radiating element; thereby forming a phase difference in the radiation element square matrix as set in fig. 2.
It is understood that, in implementing the phase difference of the N × N radiation element square matrix of the present application, each radiation element is not limited to the phase shown in fig. 2. For example: the radiation unit of phase 0 degree in fig. 2 may be adjusted to phase 180 degree and the radiation unit of phase 180 degree may be adjusted to phase 0 degree. Alternatively, all the radiation units may rotate by a certain angle, and referring to fig. 3, in the sub-array of the rows A1 and A2, the phase of the first and second radiation units in each row from left to right is adjusted to 190 degrees, and the phase of the third to nth radiation units is adjusted to 10 degrees; in the A3, A4, 8230velocity, 8230in the AN row subarray, the phases of the first and second radiating elements from left to right are all adjusted to 10 degrees, and the phases of the third to nth radiating elements are all adjusted to 190 degrees. The adjustment does not affect the main beam shaping of the radiation unit square matrix, and the power reduction degree of the central frequency of the invention can still be smaller than 15 degrees, thereby having faster beam convergence capability. It should be noted that, the determining factor of the power reduction degree of the antenna array includes the excitation amplitude of the antenna array in addition to the phase. The power ratio between the radiating elements and the calculated power reflects the excitation amplitude of the antenna array.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, a power ratio between the radiating elements in each row sub-array of the radiating element square array is equal to a power ratio between the radiating elements in each column sub-array. For example: when N =5, the power ratio between the radiation elements in each column of sub-arrays is A1: a2: a3: a4: a5, the power ratio among the radiation units in each row of subarrays is B1: b2: b3: b4: b5; and A1: a2: a3: a4: a5 equals B1: b2: b3: b4: B5. when N =6, A1: a2: a3: a4: a5: a6 equals B1: b2: b3: b4: b5: b6, and so on. The power of each radiating element can also be calculated from the power ratio of the radiating elements. For example: referring to fig. 4, when N =5, the power of the radiation elements of the sub array of row A1 is A1 × B1, A1 × B2, A1 × B3, A1 × B4, and A1 × B5; the power of the radiating elements of the sub-array of the A2 row is A2 × B1, A2 × B2, A2 × B3, A2 × B4 and A2 × B5; the power of the radiation units of the sub-array of the A3 rows is A3 × B1, A3 × B2, A3 × B3, A3 × B4 and A3 × B5; the power of the radiation units of the sub-array of the A4 row is A4 × B1, A4 × B2, A4 × B3, A4 × B4, and A4 × B5; the power of the radiating elements of the sub-array of row A5 is A5 × B1, A5 × B2, A5 × B3, A5 × B4, and A5 × B5. The x represents a multiplication number of two numerical values multiplied together. In this way, under the condition that the excitation amplitude of the antenna array is fixed, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the power reduction degree of the antenna array can be stably kept less than 15 degrees by the phase set by the antenna array, so that the present invention has stable and rapid beam convergence capability.
More specifically, the specific value of the power ratio between the radiation units may be determined according to the specific technical indexes such as the operating frequency band of the shaped stadium antenna. In a specific embodiment, the working frequency band of the shaped stadium antenna is 1710-2710MHz; the power ratio A1 between the above radiation units: a2: a3: a4: the value of A5 is 0.03047:0.01334:0.169736:0.278718:0.506742. therefore, the specific power of each radiating element in the antenna array is obtained through calculation, and based on the phase setting of each radiating element in the antenna array, the power reduction degree of the central frequency of the antenna array is less than 15 degrees in the working frequency band of 1710-2710MHz, and the antenna array has faster beam convergence capability.
Further, the sidelobe suppression capability of the antenna array is also a factor affecting communication interference. The determining factors of the sidelobe suppression capability include the distance between adjacent radiation units of the antenna array in addition to the excitation amplitude and the phase of the antenna array. In one embodiment, the distances between two adjacent radiation units in the radiation unit square matrix are equal. Specifically, the distances between two adjacent radiation units in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the radiation unit square matrix are equal. In a specific embodiment, the distance between two adjacent radiation units in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the radiation unit square matrix is between 0.45 and 1 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency of the radiation unit square matrix in the air. Therefore, under the condition that the setting of the excitation amplitude and the phase of the radiation unit square matrix is favorable for optimizing the sidelobe suppression capability, the sidelobe suppression capability can be optimized according to the actual requirement by adjusting the specific distance between two adjacent radiation units.
It should be noted that, the distances between two adjacent radiation units in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the radiation unit square matrix may also be set to be unequal distances according to the needs of a specific scene. When the adjacent two radiation units are equally spaced, the half-power beam width is basically consistent. It can be understood that when the adjacent two radiation units are not equally spaced, the half-power beam widths are not uniform. Thus, the beam convergence capability of the shaped stadium antenna can be adjusted.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the radiating elements of the radiating element matrix are all ± 45 ° dual-polarized electric dipole radiating elements. Specifically, the ± 45 ° dual-polarized electric dipole radiation unit includes an antenna radiator 10, a dielectric top plate 20, and a feed balun 30. The antenna radiator is arranged on the dielectric top plate; one end of the feed balun is connected to the dielectric top plate, and the other end of the feed balun is connected to the reflecting plate 1 of the radiation element square matrix. Therefore, the dual-polarized radiation unit can realize polarization diversity, and can work in a receiving-transmitting duplex mode, so that the number of the antennas and the occupied space can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the shaped stadium antenna is realized. Certainly, the radiating unit is not the only choice, satisfies the operating frequency band requirement of specific venue and has good radiation performance and electrical performance, and the radiating unit that increases channel capacity, reduces multipath fading and polarization adaptation simultaneously all is applicable. For example: the venue of the embodiment selects the radiation unit with the working frequency band of 1710-2710MHz.
In one embodiment, the shaped stadium antenna further comprises a spacer. Preferably, in the radiation unit square matrix, a separation plate is arranged between every two adjacent radiation units in each row and each column. In this way, coupling between adjacent radiating elements and adjacent arrays can be reduced, and cross-polarization ratio is improved; and a radiation pattern for stabilizing the shaped stadium antenna; therefore, the beam convergence capability of the shaped stadium antenna is more stable, the communication interference of a large stadium is better reduced, and the network coverage capability is improved.
Referring to fig. 6, after the shaped stadium antenna is implemented, in the 1710-2710MHz working frequency band, the power reduction angles in the horizontal and vertical directions of the center frequency are both smaller than 15 degrees, and the sidelobe suppression is larger than 20dB. And the power drop angles in the horizontal and vertical directions outside the central frequency are both smaller than 18 degrees, and the sidelobe suppression is larger than 20dB.
The above-mentioned embodiments only describe several embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A shaped stadium antenna comprises a reflecting plate and an antenna array arranged on the reflecting plate, and is characterized in that,
the antenna array is a radiation unit square array comprising N rows of subarrays and N columns of subarrays, wherein N is an integer not less than 5;
in each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit from left to right are the same, and the phases of the third radiation unit to the Nth radiation unit are the same; the phase of the first radiating element and the phase of the second radiating element have a difference of 180 degrees with the phase of the third radiating element to the phase of the Nth radiating element; in each row of subarrays of the radiation unit square array, the phases of a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit from top to bottom are the same, and the phases of a third radiation unit to an Nth radiation unit are the same; the first and second radiation unit phases and the third to Nth radiation unit phases have a difference of 180 degrees.
2. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 1, wherein any one of the radiating elements is rotated 180 degrees horizontally about its central axis and then 180 degrees out of phase with its rotation.
3. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 1, wherein a power ratio between the radiating elements in each row sub-array of the square array of radiating elements is equal to a power ratio between the radiating elements in each column sub-array.
4. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 1, wherein adjacent two of the radiating elements in the square array of radiating elements are all equally spaced.
5. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating elements are ± 45 ° dual polarized electric dipole radiating elements.
6. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 5, wherein the ± 45 ° dual polarized electric dipole radiating elements comprise an antenna radiator, a dielectric ceiling, a feed balun; the antenna radiator is arranged on the dielectric top plate; one end of the feed balun is connected to the dielectric top plate, and the other end of the feed balun is connected to the reflecting plate.
7. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 1 or 5, further comprising a spacer disposed between two adjacent radiating elements in each row and/or each column of the square array of radiating elements.
8. The shaped stadium antenna of claim 2 or 4, wherein the operating frequency band of the shaped stadium antenna is 1710-2710MHz.
CN202210871740.7A 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 Shaped antenna for stadium Pending CN115149277A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210871740.7A CN115149277A (en) 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 Shaped antenna for stadium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210871740.7A CN115149277A (en) 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 Shaped antenna for stadium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115149277A true CN115149277A (en) 2022-10-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210871740.7A Pending CN115149277A (en) 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 Shaped antenna for stadium

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115149277A (en)

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