CN115149256A - Miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115149256A CN115149256A CN202210726693.7A CN202210726693A CN115149256A CN 115149256 A CN115149256 A CN 115149256A CN 202210726693 A CN202210726693 A CN 202210726693A CN 115149256 A CN115149256 A CN 115149256A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/005—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with variable reactance for tuning the antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna, which comprises: the device comprises a dielectric substrate, a coupling outer ring, an excitation inner ring, a feed position and an aperture tuning circuit; the coupling outer ring, the excitation inner ring, the feed position and the aperture tuning circuit are arranged on the dielectric substrate; the excitation inner ring is arranged in the coupling outer ring; the feeding position is arranged on the excitation inner ring; the aperture tuning circuit is arranged on the coupling outer ring; the invention solves the problem that the miniaturization and high performance of the existing antenna are difficult to be considered at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna.
Background
The aim of miniaturising an antenna is to reduce its dimensions when operating at resonance, so that the antenna can operate at lower frequency bands with smaller physical dimensions. Modern portable electronic devices have a great demand for miniaturized antennas, such as mobile phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, RTK navigators, etc., which are important components of such handheld devices. Although people are always pursuing to achieve higher efficiency and more diversified functions by using smaller antennas, the performance of the antenna is directly hooked with the physical size of the antenna, and the bandwidth and gain consumption of the miniaturized antenna are generally deteriorated. Taking the input impedance of the antenna as an example, after miniaturization, the resistance component is usually very small, the reactance component is very large, more energy can be stored in the near field of the antenna, the radiation efficiency is very low, and meanwhile, the matching with a rear-end transceiver is difficult, so that the impedance bandwidth is very narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna provided by the invention solves the problem that the miniaturization and high performance of the conventional antenna are difficult to be considered simultaneously.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna, comprising: the device comprises a dielectric substrate, a coupling outer ring, an excitation inner ring, a feed position and an aperture tuning circuit;
the coupling outer ring, the excitation inner ring, the feed position and the aperture tuning circuit are arranged on the dielectric substrate; the excitation inner ring is arranged in the coupling outer ring; the feeding position is arranged on the excitation inner ring; the aperture tuning circuit is disposed on the coupling outer ring.
Further, the coupling outer loop comprises: the microstrip line comprises a first horizontal microstrip line, a second horizontal microstrip line, an inner side ring microstrip line and an outer side ring microstrip line;
one end of the first horizontal microstrip line is connected with one end of the inner side ring microstrip line and one end of the outer side ring microstrip line respectively; one end of the second horizontal microstrip line is respectively connected with the other end of the inner side ring microstrip line and the other end of the outer side ring microstrip line; the other end of the first horizontal microstrip line is not contacted with the other end of the second horizontal microstrip line, and a gap is formed.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are:
1. the electric size of the coupling loop antenna structure is effectively reduced by means of slotting (namely notching) at the position of the antenna bottom where the characteristic current of the resonant main mode is strongest, and the slotting position is further used as a loading point of a subsequent aperture tuning circuit.
2. The notch provides certain capacitive compensation for the antenna, based on a characteristic pattern analysis method, the capacitive compensation of a certain specific inductive characteristic pattern of the antenna is realized all the time in a mode of slotting at a specific position of the antenna, the resonant operation of the antenna at lower frequency is realized, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized.
Further, the inner loop microstrip line includes: the microstrip line comprises a first section of inner microstrip line, a second section of inner microstrip line, a third section of inner microstrip line, a fourth section of inner microstrip line and a fifth section of inner microstrip line;
one end of the first section of inner microstrip line is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line and is vertical to the first horizontal microstrip line; the other end of the first section of inner microstrip line is connected with one end of the second section of inner microstrip line; the other end of the second section of inner microstrip line is connected with one end of the third section of inner microstrip line; one end of the fourth section of inner microstrip line is connected with the other end of the third section of inner microstrip line, and the other end of the fourth section of inner microstrip line is connected with one end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line; the other end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line and is vertical to the second horizontal microstrip line; the third section of inner microstrip line is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line or the second horizontal microstrip line.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the inner side ring microstrip line is positioned at the inner side of the antenna and used for being coupled with the outer side ring microstrip line, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved.
Further, the outer side loop microstrip line includes: the microstrip line comprises a first section of outer microstrip line, a second section of outer microstrip line, a third section of outer microstrip line, a fourth section of outer microstrip line and a fifth section of outer microstrip line;
one end of the first section of outer microstrip line is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line and is vertical to the first horizontal microstrip line; the other end of the first section of outer microstrip line is connected with one end of the second section of outer microstrip line; the other end of the second section of outer microstrip line is connected with one end of the third section of outer microstrip line; one end of the fourth section of outer microstrip line is connected with the other end of the third section of outer microstrip line, and the other end of the fourth section of outer microstrip line is connected with one end of the fifth section of outer microstrip line; the other end of the fifth section of outer microstrip line is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line and is vertical to the second horizontal microstrip line; the third section of outer microstrip line is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line or the second horizontal microstrip line.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the outer ring microstrip line is located at the outermost side of the antenna and has the main radiation function.
Furthermore, the excitation inner ring comprises 4 sections of microstrip lines, the 4 sections of microstrip lines form a rectangle, and the feed position is arranged on the excitation inner ring microstrip line far away from the aperture tuning circuit.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the feed position is far away from the lower aperture tuning circuit, so that the influence of the parasitic parameter effect of the feed position and the antenna bottom aperture tuning circuit on the antenna is avoided.
Further, the aperture tuning circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line, and the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with one end of the first variable capacitance diode, one end of the second variable capacitance diode and one end of the second inductor through leads; one end of the second capacitor is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the first variable capacitance diode, the other end of the second variable capacitance diode and one end of the first inductor respectively through conducting wires.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are:
1. the aperture tuning circuit is used for separating alternating current and direct current, and ensures the normal work of the aperture tuning circuit (direct current) and an antenna (radio frequency alternating current).
2. The parallel connection of the variable capacitance diodes can effectively improve the variable capacitance ratio of the variable capacitance diodes and broaden the tuning bandwidth of the antenna.
Further, still include: a transformer T1 and a transformer T2;
one end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the inner coil of the transformer T2; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 and is used as a negative input end of a signal; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and serves as a positive input end of a signal; the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 are respectively connected with a feeding position.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the transformer T1 and the transformer T2 are respectively connected with the feeding position to realize the input impedance transformation of the antenna, and the transformation ratio is 1.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention widens the tuning bandwidth of the antenna by slotting the bottom of the coupling outer ring and arranging the aperture tuning circuit, so that the antenna size is miniaturized and the performance of the antenna can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling outer ring;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an inner side loop microstrip line and an outer side loop microstrip line;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an aperture tuning circuit;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the transformer T1 and the transformer T2;
wherein, 1, a dielectric substrate; 2. coupling an outer ring; 3. exciting the inner ring; 4. a feeding position; 5. an aperture tuning circuit; 21. a first horizontal microstrip line; 22. a second horizontal microstrip line; 23. an inner loop microstrip line; 24. an outer loop microstrip line; 25. a notch; 231. a first section of inner microstrip line; 232. a second section of inner microstrip line; 233. a third section of inner microstrip line; 234. a fourth section of inner microstrip line; 235. a fifth section of inner microstrip line; 241. a first section of outer microstrip line; 242. a second section of outer microstrip line; 243. a third section of outer microstrip line; 244. a fourth section of outer microstrip line; 245. a fifth section of outer microstrip line; 51. a first capacitor; 52. a second capacitor; 53. a first inductor; 54. a second inductor; 55. a first varactor diode; 56. a second varactor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1, a miniaturized wideband tunable loop antenna comprises: the device comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a coupling outer ring 2, an excitation inner ring 3, a feed position 4 and an aperture tuning circuit 5;
the coupling outer ring 2, the excitation inner ring 3, the feeding position 4 and the aperture tuning circuit 5 are arranged on the dielectric substrate 1; the excitation inner ring 3 is placed in the coupling outer ring 2; the feeding position 4 is arranged on the exciting inner ring 3; the aperture tuning circuit 5 is arranged on the coupling outer ring 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the coupling outer ring 2 includes: a first horizontal microstrip line 21, a second horizontal microstrip line 22, an inner side loop microstrip line 23, and an outer side loop microstrip line 24;
one end of the first horizontal microstrip line 21 is respectively connected with one end of the inner annular microstrip line 23 and one end of the outer annular microstrip line 24; one end of the second horizontal microstrip line 22 is connected with the other end of the inner annular microstrip line 23 and the other end of the outer annular microstrip line 24 respectively; the other end of the first horizontal microstrip line 21 is not in contact with the other end of the second horizontal microstrip line 22, and a gap 25 is formed.
The electrical size of the coupling loop antenna structure is effectively reduced by means of slotting (namely, the notch 25) at the position of the antenna bottom where the characteristic current of the resonant main mode is strongest, and the slotting position is further used as a loading point of the subsequent aperture tuning circuit 5. The gap 25 provides a certain capacitive compensation for the antenna, achieving miniaturization of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner-side loop microstrip line 23 includes: a first section of inner microstrip line 231, a second section of inner microstrip line 232, a third section of inner microstrip line 233, a fourth section of inner microstrip line 234 and a fifth section of inner microstrip line 235;
one end of the first section of inner microstrip line 231 is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line 21 and is perpendicular to the first horizontal microstrip line 21; the other end of the first section of inner microstrip line 231 is connected with one end of the second section of inner microstrip line 232; the other end of the second section of inner microstrip line 232 is connected with one end of a third section of inner microstrip line 233; one end of the fourth section of inner microstrip line 234 is connected with the other end of the third section of inner microstrip line 233, and the other end thereof is connected with one end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line 235; the other end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line 235 is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line 22 and is perpendicular to the second horizontal microstrip line 22; the third inner microstrip line 233 is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line 21 or the second horizontal microstrip line 22.
The outer ring microstrip line 24 includes: a first section of outer microstrip line 241, a second section of outer microstrip line 242, a third section of outer microstrip line 243, a fourth section of outer microstrip line 244 and a fifth section of outer microstrip line 245;
one end of the first section of outer microstrip line 241 is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line 21 and is perpendicular to the first horizontal microstrip line 21; the other end of the first section of outer microstrip line 241 is connected with one end of the second section of outer microstrip line 242; the other end of the second section of outer microstrip line 242 is connected with one end of a third section of outer microstrip line 243; one end of the fourth outer microstrip line 244 is connected to the other end of the third outer microstrip line 243, and the other end is connected to one end of the fifth outer microstrip line 245; the other end of the fifth section of outer microstrip line 245 is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line 22 and is perpendicular to the second horizontal microstrip line 22; the third segment of outer microstrip line 243 is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line 21 or the second horizontal microstrip line 22.
The excitation inner ring 3 comprises 4 sections of microstrip lines, the 4 sections of microstrip lines form a rectangle, and the feed position 4 is arranged on the microstrip line of the excitation inner ring 3 far away from the aperture tuning circuit 5.
The feed position 4 is far away from the lower aperture tuning circuit 5, so that the influence of the parasitic parameter effect of the feed position 4 and the antenna bottom aperture tuning circuit 5 on the antenna is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, the aperture tuning circuit 5 includes: a first capacitor 51, a second capacitor 52, a first inductor 53, a second inductor 54, a first varactor 55, and a second varactor 56;
one end of the first capacitor 51 is connected to the first horizontal microstrip line 21, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first varactor 55, one end of the second varactor 56, and one end of the second inductor 54 through conducting wires; one end of the second capacitor 52 is connected to the second horizontal microstrip 22, and the other end thereof is connected to the other end of the first varactor 55, the other end of the second varactor 56, and one end of the first inductor 53 through conductive wires.
The aperture tuning circuit 5 is used for separating alternating current and direct current, and ensures the normal work of direct current and radio frequency alternating current of the aperture tuning circuit 5.
The first varactor diode 55 and the second varactor diode 56 can effectively improve the capacitance ratio thereof by the parallel connection of the varactor diodes, and broaden the tuning bandwidth of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further includes: a transformer T1 and a transformer T2;
one end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the inner coil of the transformer T2; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 and is used as a negative input end of a signal; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and serves as a positive input end of a signal; the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 are connected to the feeding position 4, respectively.
The transformer T1 and the transformer T2 are respectively connected to the feeding position 4 to realize input impedance conversion of the antenna, and the conversion ratio is 1.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention widens the tuning bandwidth of the antenna by slotting the bottom of the coupling outer ring 2 and arranging the aperture tuning circuit 5, so that the antenna size is miniaturized and the performance of the antenna can be improved.
In the embodiment, the type of the varactor is SMV1245-079LF, and the measured data of the antenna shows that 53.6% of VSWR of the antenna is less than 3 of broadband tuning operating characteristics of tunable relative bandwidth from 103MHz to 178.5 MHz; the minimum electrical size of the antenna is only 0.086 λ (λ is the wavelength in free space of 103 MHz); the antenna pattern is relatively stable during tuning, with actual gain variations from-3.9 dBi to-1.8 dBi.
Claims (7)
1. A miniaturized, broadband, tunable loop antenna, comprising: the device comprises a dielectric substrate (1), a coupling outer ring (2), an excitation inner ring (3), a feeding position (4) and an aperture tuning circuit (5);
the coupling outer ring (2), the excitation inner ring (3), the feeding position (4) and the aperture tuning circuit (5) are arranged on the dielectric substrate (1); the excitation inner ring (3) is placed in the coupling outer ring (2); the feeding position (4) is arranged on the exciting inner ring (3); the aperture tuning circuit (5) is arranged on the coupling outer ring (2).
2. The miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the coupling outer loop (2) comprises: a first horizontal microstrip line (21), a second horizontal microstrip line (22), an inner side ring microstrip line (23) and an outer side ring microstrip line (24);
one end of the first horizontal microstrip line (21) is respectively connected with one end of the inner side ring microstrip line (23) and one end of the outer side ring microstrip line (24); one end of the second horizontal microstrip line (22) is respectively connected with the other end of the inner side ring microstrip line (23) and the other end of the outer side ring microstrip line (24); the other end of the first horizontal microstrip line (21) is not in contact with the other end of the second horizontal microstrip line (22), and a gap (25) is formed.
3. The miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna according to claim 2, wherein the inner loop microstrip line (23) comprises: a first section of inner microstrip line (231), a second section of inner microstrip line (232), a third section of inner microstrip line (233), a fourth section of inner microstrip line (234) and a fifth section of inner microstrip line (235);
one end of the first section of inner microstrip line (231) is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line (21) and is vertical to the first horizontal microstrip line (21); the other end of the first section of inner microstrip line (231) is connected with one end of the second section of inner microstrip line (232); the other end of the second section of inner microstrip line (232) is connected with one end of the third section of inner microstrip line (233); one end of the fourth section of inner microstrip line (234) is connected with the other end of the third section of inner microstrip line (233), and the other end of the fourth section of inner microstrip line is connected with one end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line (235); the other end of the fifth section of inner microstrip line (235) is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line (22) and is vertical to the second horizontal microstrip line (22); the third section of inner microstrip line (233) is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line (21) or the second horizontal microstrip line (22).
4. The miniaturized wideband tunable loop antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer loop microstrip line (24) comprises: a first section of outer microstrip line (241), a second section of outer microstrip line (242), a third section of outer microstrip line (243), a fourth section of outer microstrip line (244) and a fifth section of outer microstrip line (245);
one end of the first section of outer microstrip line (241) is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line (21) and is vertical to the first horizontal microstrip line (21); the other end of the first section of outer microstrip line (241) is connected with one end of the second section of outer microstrip line (242); the other end of the second section of outer microstrip line (242) is connected with one end of a third section of outer microstrip line (243); one end of the fourth section of outer microstrip line (244) is connected with the other end of the third section of outer microstrip line (243), and the other end of the fourth section of outer microstrip line is connected with one end of the fifth section of outer microstrip line (245); the other end of the fifth section of outer microstrip line (245) is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line (22) and is vertical to the second horizontal microstrip line (22); the third-section outer microstrip line (243) is parallel to the first horizontal microstrip line (21) or the second horizontal microstrip line (22).
5. The miniaturized wideband tunable loop antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the excited inner loop (3) comprises 4 microstrip lines, the 4 microstrip lines constituting a rectangle, the feed location (4) being arranged on the excited inner loop (3) microstrip line far from the aperture tuning circuit (5).
6. The miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the aperture tuning circuit (5) comprises: a first capacitance (51), a second capacitance (52), a first inductance (53), a second inductance (54), a first varactor diode (55), and a second varactor diode (56);
one end of the first capacitor (51) is connected with the first horizontal microstrip line (21), and the other end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with one end of a first variable capacitance diode (55), one end of a second variable capacitance diode (56) and one end of a second inductor (54) through conducting wires; one end of the second capacitor (52) is connected with the second horizontal microstrip line (22), and the other end of the second capacitor is respectively connected with the other end of the first variable capacitance diode (55), the other end of the second variable capacitance diode (56) and one end of the first inductor (53) through conducting wires.
7. The miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a transformer T1 and a transformer T2;
one end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the inner coil of the transformer T2; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 and is used as a negative input end of a signal; the other end of the inner coil of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and serves as a positive input end of a signal; the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T1 and the other end of the outer coil of the transformer T2 are respectively connected with a feeding position (4).
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CN202210726693.7A CN115149256A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | Miniaturized broadband tunable loop antenna |
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Citations (5)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN1368766A (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-09-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna equipment |
CN203644947U (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-06-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Short wave tunable magnetic small ring antenna device |
CN105745839A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Impedance-conversion-ratio setting method, impedance conversion circuit, and communication-terminal device |
CN113809515A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-17 | 深圳航天东方红卫星有限公司 | Satellite-borne miniaturized hybrid reconfigurable antenna |
CN217691650U (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-28 | 上海增信电子有限公司 | Broadband built-in antenna in double-LOOP wiring form |
-
2022
- 2022-06-24 CN CN202210726693.7A patent/CN115149256A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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CN1368766A (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-09-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna equipment |
CN105745839A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Impedance-conversion-ratio setting method, impedance conversion circuit, and communication-terminal device |
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CN113809515A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-17 | 深圳航天东方红卫星有限公司 | Satellite-borne miniaturized hybrid reconfigurable antenna |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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