CN115149142A

CN115149142A - Constant temperature system and constant temperature scheme for power battery of electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN115149142A
Application number: CN202110352850.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨福根
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-03-29
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2022-10-04

Abstract

A novel constant temperature system and a constant temperature scheme for keeping a power battery constant in temperature can be durable, energy-saving and stable no matter what weather environment the electric automobile is in. The battery pack box body is additionally provided with a heat preservation structure and a sealing structure so that the battery pack box body becomes a heat preservation box body with a high heat preservation coefficient, a constant temperature space which is not influenced by the external environment temperature is provided for the power battery, on the basis, a constant temperature module is additionally arranged in an automobile control system and a battery management system, the heat management system is incorporated into a constant temperature system which is intelligently controlled in real time by an (ECU), and the temperature of the power battery can be always ensured to be in a good and optimal state in a constant temperature period. The structure is simple and reliable, the cost is lower, the technical threshold requirement is not high, and the scale manufacturing is convenient. Before the vehicle is used, the power battery does not need to be preheated or precooled, so that the vehicle is energy-saving, environment-friendly, convenient and worry-saving. The driving mileage, the power performance and the safety performance of the power battery are guaranteed, the service life of the power battery is prolonged, and the temperature control problem which hinders the wide popularization and application of the electric automobile is thoroughly solved.

Description

Constant temperature system and constant temperature scheme for power battery of electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of temperature control systems of new energy electric vehicle power batteries, in particular to a novel temperature control system for providing lasting, energy-saving and stable constant temperature for a power battery and a set of constant temperature scheme.

Background

As is well known, the behavior of the power battery of the electric vehicle is similar to that of people, the power battery is not heated too much or cooled too much, and the power battery needs a safe charging and discharging working temperature range. The temperature suitable for most vehicle types is 20-30 ℃, and in the temperature range, the power battery can be ensured to be in a good state; the optimum temperature is 25 ℃, so that the power battery can be in the optimum state; the safety can be ensured only between 10 and 20 degrees and 30 and 40 degrees, and the endurance mileage, the stability and the service life of the automobile are greatly influenced; safety between 0 and 10 degrees and 40 and 50 degrees cannot be guaranteed.

However, the working environment of charging and discharging of the automobile is very wide, and the ambient temperature of minus 20 ℃ to 55 ℃ is common.

The power battery is an important large part of the electric automobile, especially the pure electric automobile, and influences the performance of the automobile in the aspect of the following aspects: how many kilometers can run? What is the maximum acceleration? How long is there a lifetime? Is the cost of use high? There is of course a further importance for safety, and the above problems are to a large extent dependent on the power cell.

Especially, in the winter in the north and in the summer in the south, the owners of the electric vehicles feel deeply and can speak about the color change of 'warm'.

In winter in the north, the endurance mileage only remains 70% of the original endurance mileage, and a lot of people can not use the electric energy of the power battery to drive an air conditioner to warm, so that the endurance mileage is afraid of being influenced. More seriously, the low temperature also reduces the discharging capability of the battery, the lower temperature of the battery completely inhibits the charging and discharging capability of the battery, and influences not only the endurance mileage, but also the dynamic performance of the vehicle, the charging cost and efficiency, the energy recovery, the service life and the safety of the battery and the like.

In summer in the south, the temperature can reach 40 ℃, even the temperature is higher under insolation, and the battery works in such a high-temperature environment for a long time, the temperature of the battery possibly exceeds 60 ℃, so that the service life and the power performance of the battery are influenced, and the risk of overheating combustion and explosion of the battery also exists.

At present, the existing power battery temperature control system in the field of electric automobiles performs temporary preheating or precooling under the condition of incomplete sealing and heat preservation, cannot keep the temperature of a power battery, particularly keeps the power battery in a good state or an optimal state permanently after stopping working, cannot effectively solve the existing problems, has the defects of unstable and durable temperature control, and causes the service life of the power battery to be damaged, the endurance mileage to be reduced, potential safety hazards and the like, so that the vehicle enterprises do not need to worry about the operation and pay high cost, the use experience of vehicle owners is not ideal, for the vehicle owners, the use cost is increased after the service life of the battery is shortened, and the use is particularly worried and worried about during use. The existence of the problems seriously hinders the popularization and application of new energy electric vehicles, particularly pure electric vehicles.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the conventional temperature control system cannot guarantee that the power battery of the electric automobile is in a good or optimal state for a long time, the invention provides a constant temperature system and a set of constant temperature scheme, wherein the constant temperature system and the constant temperature scheme can guarantee that the power battery is in a good or optimal state for a long time, and the constant temperature performance is stable and safe.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the sealed heat-preservation structure is adopted to isolate the influence of the external environment temperature on the temperature of the power battery, so that a relatively independent constant-temperature space is created, and a durable, energy-saving and stable constant-temperature system is provided for the power battery on the basis.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a structure for sealing and insulating heat, comprising: the battery pack box is formed by combining an upper box body and a lower box body, and a heat-insulating layer and a fixing layer are additionally arranged on the basis of an original box shell.

The box walls of the upper box body and the lower box body are composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, the innermost layer is a protective layer which can provide protection for the inner space of the battery pack and can prevent heat radiation, the middle layer is a heat preservation layer with high heat preservation coefficient, and the outermost layer is a fixing layer for wrapping and fixing the heat preservation layer.

Spraying a thermal radiation protection coating on each inner wall of the protective layer, and presetting a corresponding number of nuts at corresponding point positions on the periphery of the outer wall of the protective layer; the heat-insulating layer is formed by combining two heat-insulating foam layers and sandwiching a vacuum heat-insulating plate (the heat-insulating foam layers can be formed by mutually buckling, splicing and combining foam plates with mutually buckling grooves made of EPS foam materials with flame retardance and high heat-insulating series, and gaps at the splicing positions can be sealed by fireproof sealing heat-insulating adhesive tapes or sealing heat-insulating adhesives; the vacuum heat insulation plate can adopt a glass fiber vacuum plate with mutually spliced buckling grooves, the heat insulation layer formed by combining heat insulation foam materials and the vacuum heat insulation plate has light weight, low price and mature process and is convenient for large-scale production, the single-layer thickness of the heat insulation foam materials can be controlled to be about 3 mm, the thickness of the vacuum plate can be controlled to be about 5 mm, the whole thickness of the heat insulation layer formed by combining the heat insulation foam materials and the vacuum heat insulation plate can be controlled within 1.2 cm, wherein the heat conductivity coefficient of the foam materials is 0.03W/Mk, the heat conductivity coefficient of EPS foam materials is 0.024W/Mk, the heat conductivity coefficient of the glass fiber vacuum plate is lower and is only about one tenth of the heat insulation foam materials, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.003W/Mk, therefore, the heat insulation layer formed by combining the heat insulation foam layers and the glass fiber vacuum plate has super-strong heat insulation efficiency, the fixing layer adopts a plastic sheet with a high flame-retardant coefficient like a PEEK material, can be integrally formed by mutually buckled and combined by mutually buckling a plurality of mutually spliced plates, a plurality of heat insulation layers with mutually spliced plates are preset on the periphery, a corresponding hole penetrating bolt assembly is configured, and each silica gel assembly is configured, the diameter of the outer ring of the sealing heat-preservation silica gel gasket is the same as that of the screw through hole, the diameter of the inner ring of the sealing heat-preservation silica gel gasket is the same as that of a screw rod of the bolt assembly, and the thickness of the sealing heat-preservation silica gel gasket is not less than the sum of the heat-preservation layer and the fixing layer; and enabling each bolt assembly provided with the sealing and heat-insulating silica gel washer to pass through the reserved screw holes on the heat-insulating layer and the fixing layer respectively, rotating the bolts into the nuts preset in the outer wall around the protective layer, screwing the bolts one by using the sleeves, and fixing the heat-insulating layer and the fixing layer on the outer wall of the protective layer.

Because the lower box body is required to bear each unit with heavier mass, such as a power battery module, and the battery pack is required to be fixedly arranged on a car by utilizing a support extending out of the side wall of the lower box body, an insulating layer and a fixing layer are required to be added to the support; openings with corresponding shapes and sizes are reserved in the heat-insulating layer and the fixing layer at positions, extending out of the support, on the side wall of the lower box body, and buckling grooves are reserved in the openings of the heat-insulating layer; the support heat-insulating layer is formed by combining an upper hollow heat-insulating body buckle and a lower hollow heat-insulating body buckle with mutual buckle grooves (the hollow heat-insulating body can be made of foam materials with flame retardance such as EPS and high heat-insulating coefficient), and the buckle grooves which are matched with each other are reserved at the joint of the hollow heat-insulating body and the heat-insulating layer at the opening of the side wall of the lower box body; the support fixing layer is formed by sewing flame-retardant heat-insulating cotton cloth with a high heat-insulating coefficient and is a sleeve bag with two open ends, and the sleeve opening of the sleeve bag is tied by using a tying rope or a rubber band. The shape and the size of the heat-insulating cotton cloth bag serving as the support fixing layer are cut according to the shape and the size of the support heat-insulating layer so as to ensure the clinging property of the heat-insulating cotton cloth bag after the heat-insulating cotton cloth bag is sleeved on the support heat-insulating layer; and screws are required to be reserved on the points corresponding to the fixed mounting positions of the support heat-insulating layer, the fixed layer and the support to penetrate through the holes. Respectively buckling an upper heat insulator and a lower heat insulator of the heat-insulating layer of the bracket with the heat-insulating layer at the opening of the side wall of the lower box body, covering and wrapping the bracket by using the upper heat insulator and the lower heat insulator, buckling the two heat insulators with each other, sealing and combining the two heat insulators together, and sleeving the heat-insulating cotton bags on the heat insulators; the method comprises the steps that a bolt assembly provided with a sealing heat-preservation silica gel gasket passes through a support heat-preservation layer, a fixing layer and a screw reserved on a support to penetrate through a hole, after the support is fixedly installed on a car through screwing bolts, a sleeve opening of a support heat-preservation cotton sleeve close to one end of the side wall of a lower box is sleeved in a coil opening of a flange folding wall extending out of an opening of a lower box fixing layer, then a bag opening is tightened, the rest support heat-preservation layer is completely sleeved through the sleeve opening of the support heat-preservation cotton sleeve close to the end where a fixing part is installed, and then the sleeve opening is tightened to achieve wrapping and fixing of the support heat-preservation layer.

A flange folded wall which is about 3 cm is vertically and outwardly extended from the lower end of the peripheral side wall of the upper box body, and the peripheral outer edge of the flange folded wall is just aligned with the peripheral outer edge of the side wall of the lower box body; respectively reducing the heat preservation layer and the fixed layer below the flange folding wall on the periphery of the upper box body and above the side wall of the lower box body by about 1 cm section, respectively exposing the protective layer below the flange folding wall on the periphery of the upper box body and above the side wall of the lower box body by about 1 cm section, and respectively reserving a buckle convex groove in the middle position of the two sections of exposed sections of the protective layer; an annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape is configured in a space which is left after a section of section is respectively reduced on the heat-preservation layer and the fixing layer below the periphery of the folded wall of the flange of the upper box body and on the periphery of the side wall of the lower box body, the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape can be made of a heat-insulation silica gel material, the size of the whole length, width and height of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape can fill the space which is left after a section of section is respectively reduced on the heat-preservation layer and the fixing layer above the periphery of the folded wall of the flange of the upper box body and on the periphery of the side wall of the lower box body, in addition, an upper buckling groove and a lower buckling groove which are matched with the buckling convex grooves reserved on the two sections of protective layers are reserved on two quarter positions of the side inner wall of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape; the method is characterized in that the peripheral outer edges of two sections of protective layers exposed by the upper box body and the lower box body are taken as reference, the upper box body and the lower box body are aligned and covered, the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape is sleeved on the periphery of the two sections of protective layers exposed by the upper box body and the lower box body, then upper buckle convex grooves and lower buckle convex grooves reserved on the two sections of protective layers exposed by the upper box body and the lower box body are respectively extruded into upper buckle concave grooves and lower buckle concave grooves reserved by the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape, and finally the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape is wrapped and fixed by heat-preservation cotton strips with adhesive cloth and lock buckles at the head end and the tail end and with width larger than that of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape so as to realize effective sealing heat preservation after the upper box body and the lower box body are covered.

The interior of the lower box body close to the front end and the rear end of the car adopts a hollow reinforcing rib structure, so that wire channels with corresponding quantity, shape and size are reserved for wires needing to be led out of the box body, combined heat insulation bodies with the same shape, length and inner diameter are configured for each wire channel, and in addition, guide ports for leading in the wires are reserved on the inner wall of the lower box body according to the position and the orientation of each wire channel port; the combined heat-insulating body is a heat-insulating foam material (the heat-insulating foam material can be made of flame-retardant EPS foam with high heat-insulating coefficient), and consists of an upper foam body and a lower foam body; a wire groove for guiding a wire is reserved in the middle of the flat-cut longitudinal surface at the position where the two heat preservation bodies are overlapped, and the size of the wire groove is determined according to the space occupied by the wire to be guided; the wire is guided out of the box body through the guide port and the wire channel, then the wire is placed into the wire grooves of the upper and lower heat-insulating bodies, the buckle grooves of the upper and lower heat-insulating bodies are mutually buckled to form the combined heat-insulating body, the combined heat-insulating body is sealed and fixed with the gap of the wire groove opening by using heat-insulating sealant (the heat-insulating sealant can adopt asphalt and asbestos as a base material, can preserve heat, seal, prevent vibration and insulate, and the same way is used for the following) and finally the gap of the joint between the combined heat-insulating body and the side wall opening of the wire channel of the lower box body is sealed by using heat-insulating sealant, so that the sealed heat preservation of the battery pack box body is ensured when the wire is guided out of the box body.

When a circuit interface is installed on the side wall of the lower box body, openings are reserved on the fixing layer and the heat insulation layer on the side wall of the lower box body according to the shape and the size of the circuit interface base, and a sealing heat insulation rubber gasket is configured according to the shape and the size of the circuit interface base; nuts are preset at four corners of the protection layer exposed in the opening, screw through holes matched with the positions of the nuts reserved at the four corners of the protection layer exposed in the opening are reserved at the four corners of the circuit interface base and the four corners of the sealing heat-preservation rubber mat, sealing heat-preservation rubber gaskets are configured for screw rods of the four bolt assemblies, and in addition, a lead guide opening matched with the circuit interface is reserved at the center position of the sealing heat-preservation rubber mat; guiding the lead out of a guide opening in the middle of the sealing heat-insulation rubber mat, connecting the lead with a circuit on a circuit interface, sealing gaps at the joint between the peripheral edge of the sealing heat-insulation rubber mat tightly attached to the side wall of the lower box and a protective layer on the side wall of the lower box by using heat-insulation sealant, and sealing the guide opening in the middle of the sealing heat-insulation rubber mat by using the heat-insulation sealant; and (3) passing the bolt assemblies of the sealing and heat-insulating rubber gasket through the screw passing holes at the four corners of the circuit interface base and the four corners of the sealing and heat-insulating pad, rotating to be reserved in the nut in the protective layer of the side wall of the lower box body, and screwing four bolts to realize the sealing and heat insulation of the joint of the circuit interface and the side wall opening of the lower box body.

And reserving a corresponding number of screw penetrating holes at each point position on the flange folding wall extending outwards from the lower end of the side wall of the upper box body. Embedding a corresponding number of nuts at each point position of the inner wall of the outer edge of the periphery of the lower box body corresponding to each screw through hole, and configuring a corresponding number of bolt assemblies; the screw passes the hole and is big-end-up's perforation, and its last perforation that runs through fixed layer above, heat preservation must be greater than the nut of bolt assembly screw rod, and its lower perforation internal diameter that runs through the inoxidizing coating below is the same with the diameter of bolt assembly screw rod to guarantee that available sleeve screws the bolt or unscrews. The screw is arranged in the hole of the bolt through hole, and the screw penetrates through the hole of the bolt through hole; will go up the box and close with lower box alignment lid to the inoxidizing coating parcel that two boxes lid all around department of closing expose is sealed the back to annular seal heat preservation adhesive tape, passes through each bolt assembly respectively again on going up box flange wall each the screw passes the hole, rotates into in the nut in the outer fringe inner wall all around the lower box, then two sleeves of reuse divide the cubic to take even, symmetrical mode to screw bolt assembly, will at last the heat preservation lid is pressed into the last through hole that the screw passed the hole, in order to realize go up the box and close with the triumph lid after the box seals heat preservation down.

In the field of electric vehicle power batteries, there are multiple types of thermal management systems, and two representative thermal management systems are selected for corresponding thermal insulation structural description.

The type I of the heat management system is an air-conditioning air duct temperature control system, namely a duct channel is reserved for installing an air supply duct and a duct heat-insulating layer in a hollow reinforcing rib structure in the lower box body close to the front end of a car; the shape and the outer diameter of the air supply conduit are the same as those of the conduit heat-insulating layer, and the shape and the outer diameter of the conduit heat-insulating layer are the same as those of the conduit channel.

The heat-insulating layer of the conduit (the heat-insulating layer can be made of EPS foam material with flame retardance and high heat-insulating coefficient) is a combined hollow heat-insulating body formed by combining two hollow heat-insulating bodies with mutually matched buckling grooves from top to bottom; air guide openings which are matched with each other need to be reserved on the side wall of one end of the air supply guide pipe and the guide pipe heat insulation layer and on the inner wall of the lower box body; the four nuts for mounting air door switches and a circle of groove for placing a sealing heat-insulating gasket are preset in the wall around the air guide opening of the air supply guide pipe; the air guide opening of the combined hollow heat insulator and the air guide opening on the inner wall of the lower box body are larger than the air guide opening of the air supply guide pipe, and enough space is reserved for installing an air door switch.

The air supply duct added with the heat preservation layer is used for communicating an air supply channel specially designed for a thermal management system of a vehicle-mounted air conditioner with the internal space of the battery pack box body (the specific number, size and position of the air supply duct are determined according to the actual requirement of constant temperature of the power battery of each vehicle type, and the inner wall of the air supply duct needs to be sprayed with a heat radiation resistant coating), and heat preservation sealant is used for sealing gaps at the joint parts between the air guide opening on the inner wall of the lower box body, the side wall opening of the duct channel and the air supply duct and the combined hollow heat preservation body.

According to the mode of an air port selection switch of an automobile air-conditioning air pipe system, an air door switch controlled by an air door motor is configured for each air delivery conduit air port (a brand model of the air door switch can be determined according to the matching degree of the air-conditioning air pipe system per se; a heat radiation resistant coating is sprayed on the inner wall of an air door in a box, and a heat insulation layer consisting of an EPS foam plate and a glass fiber vacuum plate is added, the same is true below), a flange folding wall is vertically extended from the periphery of a base of the air door switch, four screw through holes which are matched with each other are respectively reserved on the flange folding wall and four points corresponding to four nuts preset in the wall at the periphery of the air delivery conduit air port, and sealing heat insulation gasket grooves which are matched with the sealing heat insulation gasket grooves on the wall at the periphery of the air delivery conduit air port are reserved on the periphery of the flange folding wall; the method comprises the steps of firstly placing the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket into a groove reserved on the peripheral wall of the air supply guide pipe air guide opening, then covering the air door switch base on the peripheral wall of the air supply guide pipe air guide opening, simultaneously padding the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket into the groove reserved on the outer edge of the four sides of the air door switch base flange folding wall, using four bolt assemblies with the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket added on respective screw rods, respectively penetrating holes through four screws reserved on the air door switch base flange folding wall, rotating the bolt assemblies into four nuts preset in the peripheral wall of the air supply guide pipe air guide opening, then screwing the four bolt assemblies, fixing the air door switch on the air guide opening of the air supply guide pipe, and achieving sealing heat preservation of the joint between the peripheral wall of the air supply guide pipe and the air door switch flange folding wall and automatic opening and closing of the air supply opening.

Outside the battery case, the combined hollow heat-insulating body which wraps the cover buckle of the air supply conduit inside needs to be tightly wound and fixed by heat-insulating cotton cloth.

Reserving a duct channel for installing an exhaust duct and a duct heat-insulating layer in a hollow reinforcing rib structure in the lower box body close to the rear end of the car; the shape and the outer diameter of the exhaust duct are the same as those of the duct heat-insulating layer, and the shape and the outer diameter of the duct heat-insulating layer are the same as those of the duct channel.

The heat-insulating layer of the conduit (the heat-insulating layer can be made of EPS foam material with flame retardance and high heat-insulating coefficient) is a combined hollow heat-insulating body formed by combining two hollow heat-insulating bodies with mutually matched buckling grooves from top to bottom; air guide openings which are matched with each other need to be reserved on the side wall of one end of the air exhaust guide pipe and the guide pipe heat insulation layer and on the inner wall of the lower box body; the four nuts for installing air door switches and a circle of groove for placing a sealing heat-preservation gasket are preset in the wall along the periphery of the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe; the air guide opening of the combined hollow heat insulator and the air guide opening on the inner wall of the lower box body are larger than the air guide opening of the exhaust guide pipe, so that enough space is reserved for installing an air door switch.

The internal space of the battery pack box body is communicated with the external space by the exhaust ducts added with the heat preservation layers (the specific number, size and position of the exhaust ducts are determined according to the actual requirement of constant temperature of the power batteries of various vehicle types), and the gaps at the joint parts between the air guide port on the inner wall of the lower box body, the side wall port of the duct channel, the exhaust ducts and the combined hollow heat preservation body are sealed by heat preservation sealants.

According to the mode of selecting a switch for an air port of an air duct system of an automobile air conditioner, an air door switch controlled by an air door motor is configured for each air exhaust duct air guide port, a flange folding wall vertically extends to the periphery of a base of the air door switch, four screw penetrating holes are respectively reserved on the flange folding wall and four point positions corresponding to four nuts preset in the wall of the periphery of the air exhaust duct air guide port, and sealing heat-insulating gasket grooves matched with the sealing heat-insulating gasket grooves in the wall of the periphery of the air exhaust duct air guide port are reserved on the outer edges of the four sides of the flange folding wall; firstly, placing the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket into a groove reserved on the peripheral wall of the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe, covering the air door switch base on the peripheral wall of the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe, simultaneously, padding the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket into the groove reserved on the outer edge of the four sides of the folded wall of the flange of the air door switch base, adding four bolt assemblies of the sealing heat-preservation rubber gasket on respective screw rods, respectively penetrating holes through four screws reserved on the folded wall of the flange of the air door switch base, rotating the bolt assemblies into four nuts preset in the peripheral wall of the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe, then screwing the four bolts, fixing the air door switch on the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe, and realizing the sealing heat preservation of the joint part between the peripheral wall of the air guide opening of the air exhaust guide pipe and the folded wall of the flange of the air door switch, and the automatic opening and closing of the air supply opening; an air exhaust fan is arranged at an air exhaust pipe orifice outside the battery pack box so as to ensure that air in the box can be quickly exhausted.

Ventilation measures such as reserving a ventilation shallow groove with the depth of about 1 millimeter on the outer wall of the whole body of each power battery and the insulation layer covering the power battery, reserving gaps among the power batteries, or reserving ventilation holes or gaps on a bracket for fixing each power battery unit, and the like can be adopted to ensure that the uniformity of the temperature among the power batteries can be realized by applying wind pressure.

The two ends of the circulating inlet and outlet of the water guide pipe, namely the direct water-cooling and heat temperature control system, of the heat management system type II can be respectively led in and led out of the wall of the battery pack through two pipe channels reserved in a hollow reinforcing rib structure inside the lower box body close to the front end or the rear end of the car; two expansion valves with electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged in two sections of water guide pipes in a hollow reinforcing rib structure in the lower box body, and heat preservation layers (the heat preservation layers can be made of flame-retardant EPS foam materials or heat-insulating silica gel materials with high heat preservation coefficients) are respectively added to the inner door walls of the two electromagnetic valves; the two sections of the water guide pipes passing through the pipe channel are provided with heat insulation layers, and the heat insulation layers are combined hollow heat insulation bodies made of foam materials and formed by mutually buckling and combining an upper part and a lower part with mutually buckled grooves; after the water guide pipe for installing the combined heat insulation body is installed into the guide pipe channel, the gaps at the joint parts between the two end wall ports of the guide pipe channel and the water guide pipe and the combined hollow heat insulation body are sealed by heat insulation sealant, so that the sealing and heat insulation of the battery pack box body are ensured while the circulating water guide pipe is led in or out the battery pack box body.

It should be noted that, if the adopted power battery releases flammable and explosive gas during charging and discharging, the corresponding air exhaust facilities need to be added by referring to the air-conditioning duct temperature control system to ensure that flammable and explosive gas reaching a certain concentration in the battery pack box can be exhausted in time.

The space in the battery pack box is not influenced by the temperature of the external environment by adopting the sealing and heat-insulating structure, and a constant temperature system provides a lasting, stable and energy-saving constant temperature period for the power battery to create necessary conditions.

The configuration in terms of thermostatic control includes: the automobile control system operating principle, that is, the electronic control unit (hereinafter abbreviated as ECU) is the brain of the automobile electronic control system, comprehensively analyzes and processes the electric signals input by each sensor and the electric signals fed back by part of actuators, provides reference voltage for the sensors, and then outputs control signals to the actuators to enable the actuators to work according to the requirements of control targets. The software is integrated and stored in the electronic control unit, the core is a microprocessor which usually adopts a singlechip, the function expansion is easy, the control precision is higher, and the software is used for completing data acquisition, calculation processing, output control, system monitoring, self diagnosis and the like of an electronic control system. Most (ECU) circuits are similar in structure, and the control function thereof is changed mainly depending on the software developed and the change of the input and output modules, depending on the functions of the electronic control system. The electronic control system of the vehicle stores in advance a series of command programs in the (ECU) program memory, which are set at the time of design and manufacture, and the (ECU) input signals come from the various sensors of the control system. The sensors are the 'thousand eyes' and 'wind ears' of the automobile electronic control system, and convert various physical parameters of the automobile working condition and state and the automobile running condition and state into electric signals and transmit the electric signals to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). Various sensors used in an electronic control system of an automobile can be classified into various types according to their operating principles and output signal forms. The actuators are hands and feet of an automobile electronic control system, and the (ECU) controls the controlled object through the actuators. The actuator reacts quickly to the control signal output by the (ECU) to make the controlled object work in the set optimal state.

The Battery Management System (BMS) is used as a set of control system for protecting the use safety of the power battery, constantly monitors the use state of the power battery, prevents the power battery from being overcharged and overdischarged, prolongs the service life of the battery, monitors the state of each power battery and the like, relieves the inconsistency of the battery pack through necessary measures, and provides guarantee for the use safety of new energy vehicles.

(BMS) each component system and function: 1. the main board, as the brain of BMS, can collect the sampling information that comes from each slave board (usually called LCU), carries out the information intercommunication through low voltage electrical interface and whole car control system to control the relay action in the BDU (high pressure divides disconnected box). The method has the advantages that the charge state of the power battery pack, namely the battery residual capacity (SOC for short) is accurately estimated, the SOC is guaranteed to be maintained in a reasonable range, damage to the battery due to overcharge or over-discharge is prevented, and therefore the residual energy of the energy storage battery of the power automobile or the charge state of the energy storage battery is predicted at any time. In the process of charging the battery, the phenomenon of overcharge or overdischarge of the battery is prevented, and the safe use of the power battery in the charging and discharging process is ensured. The battery condition can be given in time, the battery with problems can be selected, the reliability and the high efficiency of the operation of the whole battery set are maintained, and the realization of the residual electric quantity estimation model becomes possible. Establishing a use history file of each battery, providing data for further optimizing and developing novel electricity, chargers, motors and the like, and providing a basis for offline analyzing system faults; 2. the slave board (LCU) has a battery balancing function of performing balancing between the single batteries and the battery pack to equalize the capacities of the batteries in the battery pack. And it is as the sentry of BMS, all monitors information such as monomer voltage, monomer temperature of power battery module constantly, and the information transmission that will gather gives the mainboard. The communication mode between the slave board and the master board is usually CAN communication or daisy chain communication (a communication mode from the center to the periphery like a daisy chain); 3. the BDU is a gate for the electric energy to enter and exit from the battery pack, is connected with a high-voltage load of the whole vehicle and a quick charging wire harness through a high-voltage electrical interface, comprises a pre-charging circuit, a total positive relay, a total negative relay, a quick charging relay and the like, and is controlled by a main board; 4. the high-voltage control board and a gate guard for electric energy inlet and outlet of the battery pack can be integrated on the main board and can also be independently used for monitoring the voltage and the current of the battery pack in real time, and the high-voltage control board and the gate guard also have the functions of pre-charging detection and insulation. On one hand, the real-time state parameters of the power battery unit are detected, collected and preliminarily calculated, and the on-off of a power supply loop is controlled according to the comparison relation between a detected value and an allowable value; on the other hand, the acquired key data is reported to the vehicle control unit, and the instruction of the controller is received to coordinate with other systems on the vehicle.

According to the operation principle of the automobile control system and the operation principle of the battery management system, the functions of the microprocessor in (ECU) and (BMS) are correspondingly expanded in advance, a constant temperature system module is added, and constant temperature experimental data of all automobile types are collected in earlier stages according to a heat convection formula: q = H is multiplied by A is multiplied by delta T, a series of instruction programs of signal acquisition and processing are designed and compiled in advance for each vehicle type, corresponding actions are sent according to the calculation processing result, and the series of instruction programs, various standard parameters and set values are stored in a program memory of (ECU) and (BMS), so that the intelligent operation of the constant temperature system is realized.

And circuit leads of all units and systems in the battery pack box body are guided out of the box body through lead channels reserved in the hollow reinforcing rib structure in the bottom wall of the lower box body, so that the fusion connection between all units and systems such as a power battery unit (BMS) and a constant temperature system of a concurrent thermal management system and an (ECU) is realized.

The constant temperature system is connected with the ECU through a low-voltage signal transmission special line provided by the BMS; the thermal management system incorporated in the thermostatic system directly obtains electric energy through a high-voltage power special line provided by a (BMS). The measures can ensure that the constant temperature system can be autonomously and intelligently controlled and operated by the (ECU) in the whole constant temperature period no matter the electric automobile is in a charging, running and stopping state.

The specific constant temperature scheme is as follows: a constant temperature system that combines the air conditioning duct temperature control system will now be described as an example.

According to different conditions, the use of the constant temperature system of the power battery is divided into three modes: 1. when the charging plug is plugged into the charging system, the ECU sends out an information command to start the constant temperature system, and the ECU temporarily does not send out a charging information command to the BMS, and when the temperature of the power battery transmitted from the BMS to the ECU is lower than 20 ℃, a cold day mode, which is called L mode for short is used.

The L mode (ECU) firstly sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system, the air door of the air supply outlet and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner are opened, hot air is conveyed into the battery pack box, the power battery is heated in a gentle mode in a heat transfer mode that gas is in contact with fixed convection, and after the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the (ECU) by the (BMS) reaches 20 ℃, the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the (BMS) to start charging the power battery.

During the charging process, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner continuously conveys hot air, and after the temperature of the power battery reaches the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU controls the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to be continuously constant in temperature for the power battery according to the real-time temperature information of the power battery returned by the BMS. According to the heat transfer principle, the temperature rising speed of the solid is slow through thermal equilibrium, the process needs a long time, and therefore the power battery needs to be prepared in advance when the power battery is charged for the first time in a constant temperature period.

After the power battery is fully charged, the ECU sends an information instruction to the BMS to stop charging, and simultaneously sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and close the air door of the air supply outlet to stop keeping the temperature of the power battery constant.

In the vehicle driving process, the power battery can release certain heat, when (ECU) monitors that the temperature of the power battery exceeds 30 ℃ through (BMS), the ECU can send an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the air outlet fan, and the air inlet air door and the air outlet air door are used for conveying cold air into the heat insulation box, and rapidly discharging redundant heat in the box to cool the power battery until the temperature of the power battery is reduced to 25 ℃ in an optimal state, and the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the air outlet fan and close the air inlet air door and the air outlet air door.

When the vehicle is stopped, the box body of the battery pack has a heat preservation function, but has a constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack also slowly drops along with the lapse of the constant temperature period, when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature of the power battery is lower than 20 ℃ through the (BMS), the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the air door of the air supply door, hot air is supplied to the heat preservation box to heat the power battery, and the information instruction is sent to the constant temperature system to close the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and close the air door of the air supply opening until the temperature of the power battery is raised to the optimal state of 25 ℃.

In each constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery is between 20 and 25 ℃, the power battery is in a good state, the power battery can be directly charged in the second and subsequent charging processes, and the electric automobile can be used conveniently, stably and energy-saving by the aid of the repeated use.

If the vehicle is not used for a long time, when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to be below 20 ℃ and the remaining electric quantity of the power battery is less than 20 percent, the ECU sends out a message instruction to shut down the whole constant temperature system, and when the vehicle is charged, the constant temperature cycle is restarted, and the temperature of the power battery is increased in advance according to the first charging mode.

2. When the charging plug is plugged into the charging system, the ECU sends out an information command to start the constant temperature system, and the ECU temporarily does not send out a charging information command to the BMS, and when the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the ECU by the BMS is higher than 30 ℃, a hot day mode, which is called an R mode for short is used.

The R mode (ECU) firstly sends an information instruction to a constant temperature system, a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, an air outlet fan, an air supply outlet air door and an air outlet air door are started to convey cold air to the battery pack box, redundant heat is rapidly discharged from the box, the power battery is cooled in a gentle heat transfer mode of gas and fixed convection contact, and after the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the (ECU) by the (BMS) is reduced to 30 degrees, the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the (BMS) to start charging the power battery.

In the charging process, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner continuously conveys cold air, and after the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU controls the air pipe temperature control system of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to continuously keep constant temperature for the power battery according to the real-time temperature information of the power battery returned by the BMS.

According to the heat transfer principle, the solid is cooled slowly through the heat balance, the process needs a long time, and therefore the power battery needs to be prepared in advance when the power battery is charged for the first time in a constant temperature period.

After the power battery is fully charged, the ECU sends an information instruction to the BMS to stop charging, and simultaneously sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the air outlet fan and close the air supply outlet air door and the air outlet air door to stop keeping the power battery at constant temperature.

In the vehicle driving process, the power battery can release certain heat, when (ECU) leads to (BMS) and monitors that the self temperature of the power battery exceeds 30 ℃, the ECU can send an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the air outlet fan, the air supply door and the air outlet door, convey cold air into the heat insulation box, rapidly discharge redundant heat from the box, cool the power battery until the self temperature of the power battery is reduced to 25 ℃ in the best state, and send an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the air outlet fan and close the air supply door and the air outlet door.

When the vehicle is stopped, although the box body of the battery pack has a heat preservation function, the box body also has a constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack can slowly rise along with the passing of the constant temperature period, when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature of the power battery is higher than 30 ℃ through the (BMS), the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the air outlet fan, the air inlet air door and the air outlet air door, conveys cold air into the heat preservation box, rapidly discharges redundant heat from the box to cool the power battery, and sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the air outlet fan and close the air inlet air door and the air outlet air door until the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the maximum state of 25 ℃.

In each constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery is 25-30 ℃, the power battery is in a good state, the power battery can be directly charged in the second and subsequent charging processes, and the electric automobile can be used conveniently, stably and energy-saving by the aid of the repeated use.

If the vehicle is not used for a long time, when the temperature of the power battery rises to more than 30 ℃ and the residual electric quantity of the power battery is less than 20 percent, the ECU sends out a message instruction to shut down the whole constant temperature system, and when the vehicle is charged, the constant temperature cycle is restarted, and the power battery is cooled in advance according to the first charging mode.

3. When the charging plug is plugged into the charging system, and the temperature of the power battery is 20-30 ℃ transmitted to the (ECU) by the (BMS), the normal temperature mode, which is called C mode for short is used.

And in the C mode, the (ECU) sends a message instruction to the (BMS) to directly charge the power battery.

In the charging process, the power battery can release certain heat, when the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the ECU by the BMS exceeds 25 ℃, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to start the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the air outlet fan, open the air supply outlet and the air outlet air door, convey cold air into the heat insulation box, quickly discharge the redundant heat from the box and cool the power battery. When the temperature of the power battery is reduced to 25 ℃ from the BMS to the ECU, the ECU sends information instructions to the constant temperature system to close the air door of the air outlet and close the fan of the air outlet, and controls the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to keep the constant temperature of the power battery.

And after the information that the power battery is fully charged is transmitted to the ECU (BMS), the ECU sends a message instruction to the constant temperature system to close the air door of the air supply outlet and stop the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.

In the vehicle driving process, power battery can release certain heat, when (ECU) leads to (BMS) and monitors that power battery temperature surpasss 30 degrees, can send information instruction to the constant temperature system and open on-vehicle air conditioner, air exit fan with supply-air outlet air door, air exit air door, to carry air conditioning in the insulation can to discharge unnecessary heat rapidly from the incasement, come for the continuous cooling of power battery, until when reducing power battery self temperature to 25 degrees stateful, just send information instruction to the constant temperature system and shut down on-vehicle air conditioner, air exit fan and close supply-air outlet air door, air exit air door.

The constant temperature system combining the direct water-cooling and heat temperature control systems will be described as an example.

In the L mode, (ECU) firstly sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system, electromagnetic valves leading in and out of the expansion valves at two ends are opened, and the direct hydrothermal temperature control system is started to heat the power battery, and after the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the (BMS) reaches 20 ℃, the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the (BMS) to start charging the power battery.

According to the heat transfer principle, the temperature rising speed is high due to the fact that liquid is solid, the power battery is charged for the first time when the constant temperature cycle is started, and only short preheating time is needed.

In the charging process, the direct water-heating temperature control system continuously heats the power battery, and when the temperature of the power battery is raised to the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU controls the direct water-cooling temperature control system to continuously keep constant temperature for the power battery according to the real-time temperature information of the power battery returned by the BMS.

After the power battery is fully charged, the ECU sends an information instruction to the BMS to stop charging, and simultaneously sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the direct water-cooling temperature control system and close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends of the lead-in and lead-out. When the vehicle runs, the power battery can release certain heat, when the temperature of the power battery is monitored to exceed 30 ℃ through the BMS (battery management system), the ECU (electronic control unit) can send an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and start the direct water-cooling temperature control system, so that the temperature of the power battery is reduced, and when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU (electronic control unit) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and close the direct water-cooling temperature control system.

When the vehicle is stopped, although the box body of the battery pack has a heat preservation function, the box body has a constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack can slowly drop along with the passing of the constant temperature period, when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature of the power battery is lower than 20 ℃ through the (BMS), the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the leading-in end and the leading-out end and start the direct hydrothermal temperature control system, the temperature of the power battery is raised until the temperature of the power battery is raised to an optimal state of 25 ℃, and the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the leading-in end and the leading-out end and close the direct hydrothermal temperature control system.

If the vehicle is not used for a long time, when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to be below 20 ℃ and the residual electric quantity of the power battery is less than 20 percent, the ECU sends out a message instruction to shut down the whole constant temperature system, and when the vehicle is charged, the constant temperature cycle is restarted, and the temperature of the power battery is increased in advance according to the first charging mode.

In the R mode, the (ECU) firstly sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and start the direct water-cooling temperature control system to cool the power battery, and after the temperature of the power battery transmitted from the (BMS) to the (ECU) is reduced to 30 ℃, the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the (BMS) to start charging the power battery.

According to the heat transfer principle, the cooling speed is high by using liquid as a solid, the power battery is charged for the first time when the constant temperature period is started, and only short precooling time is needed.

In the charging process, the direct water-cooling temperature control system continuously cools the power battery, and after the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU controls the direct water-cooling temperature control system to continuously keep constant temperature for the power battery according to the real-time temperature information of the power battery returned by the BMS.

After the power battery is fully charged, the ECU sends an information instruction to the BMS to stop charging, and simultaneously sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the direct water-cooling temperature control system and close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the leading-in end and the leading-out end. When the vehicle runs, the power battery can release certain heat, when an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is connected with a Battery Management System (BMS) and monitors that the temperature of the power battery exceeds 30 ℃, an information instruction is sent to a constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and start the direct water-cooling temperature control system, the power battery is cooled, and when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and close the direct water-cooling temperature control system.

When the vehicle is stopped, although the box body of the battery pack has a heat preservation function, the box body also has a constant temperature period, the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack can slowly rise along with the passing of the constant temperature period, when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature of the power battery is higher than 30 ℃ through the (BMS), the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and guide out the electromagnetic valves and start the direct water-cooling temperature control system so as to cool the power battery, and when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to the maximum state of 25 ℃, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and close the direct water-cooling temperature control system.

3. When the charging plug is plugged into the charging system, and the temperature of the power battery is 20-30 ℃ transmitted from the (BMS) to the (ECU), the normal temperature mode is used, and the C mode is abbreviated for short.

In the charging process, the power battery can release certain heat, and when the temperature of the power battery is raised to 30 ℃ from the Battery Management System (BMS) to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), the ECU sends information instructions to the constant temperature system to open the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends of the inlet and the outlet and start the direct water-cooling temperature control system to cool the power battery. When the temperature of the power battery is reduced to 25 ℃ from the BMS to the ECU, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to control the direct water-cooling temperature control system to keep the constant temperature of the power battery.

And after the information that the power battery is fully charged is transmitted to the ECU (BMS), the ECU sends information instructions to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends of the inlet and the outlet and close the direct water-cooling temperature control system. When the temperature of the power battery is reduced to 25 degrees, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to close the electromagnetic valves of the expansion valves at the two ends and close the direct water-cooling temperature control system.

The invention has the advantages that in a constant temperature period, no matter what weather environment the electric automobile is in, the power battery is always ensured to be in a good or optimal state for a long time and stably, the endurance mileage and the power performance of the power battery are fully ensured, and the service life of the power battery is also prolonged; the power battery does not need to be preheated or precooled every time the vehicle is used, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the convenience and the worry are saved.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the thermostat system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper case and the lower case of the battery pack insulation structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating the covering and sealing principle of the upper case and the lower case of the battery pack according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sealing and insulating structure of the present invention in which the circuit wires inside the case are led out of the case through the wire passage reserved in the hollow reinforcing rib structure inside the lower case;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the principle of the heat-insulating and sealing structure of the air guide duct of the present invention introduced into the battery pack case through the duct passage reserved in the hollow reinforcing rib structure inside the lower case;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the principle of the upper and lower cases of the incubator of the present invention.

In fig. 1: 1. a power battery unit; 2. (ECU); 3. (BMS); 4. a thermal management system; 5. a constant temperature system; 6. provided is a charging system.

In fig. 2: 7. an upper box body; 9-1, a fixing layer; 10-1, a heat-insulating layer; 11-1, a protective layer; 8. a lower box body; 9-2, a fixing layer; 10-2, a heat-insulating layer; 11-2 and a protective layer.

In fig. 3: 7. an upper box body; 9-1, a fixed layer; 10-1, a heat-insulating layer; 11-1, a protective layer; 12-1, mounting a convex buckle groove; 8. a lower box body; 9-2, a fixing layer; 10-2, a heat insulation layer; 11-2, a protective layer; 12-2, a lower buckle convex groove; 13. an annular sealing heat preservation adhesive tape; 14-1, mounting a buckle groove; 14-2 and a lower buckling groove.

In fig. 4: 15-1, a lower heat insulator; 15-2, an upper heat insulator; 16-1, a wire groove; 16-2, a wire groove; 17. a wire; 15. a combined heat-insulating body; 8. a lower box body; 18. a guide port; 19. a wire passage.

In fig. 5: 20. a wind guide duct; 21. a duct air delivery or exhaust port; 22. a duct air guide opening; 23-1, a lower hollow heat insulator; 24. a fastening groove; 23-2, an upper hollow heat insulator; 25. a hollow heat insulator wind guide opening; 23. a combined hollow heat-insulating body; 8. a lower box body; 26. an air guide opening is formed in the inner wall of the lower box body; 27. a conduit channel.

In fig. 6: 7. an upper box body; 28. a flange folding wall; 29. the screw penetrates through the hole; 8. a lower box body; 30. and a nut.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.

In fig. 1, a charging line of a charging system (6) is communicated with a power battery (1) through a (BMS) (3), the (BMS) (3) is communicated with the power battery (1), the (BMS) (3) is communicated with an (ECU) (2) through a low-voltage signal transmission line, the (ECU) (2) controls a constant temperature system (5) and a thermal management system (4) in real time through a low-voltage signal transmission line, and the thermal management system (4) obtains electric energy through a high-voltage power line output by the (BMS) (3).

In fig. 2, the upper case (7) and the lower case (8) are aligned and covered to form a battery pack case; the outermost layer of the wall of the upper box body (7) is a fixed layer (9-1), the middle layer is a heat-insulating layer (10-1), and the innermost layer is a protective layer (11-1); the outermost layer of the wall of the lower box body (8) is a fixed layer (9-2), the middle layer is a heat-insulating layer (10-2), and the innermost layer is (11-2).

In fig. 3: the lower end fixing layer (9-1) and the heat preservation layer (10-1) of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body (7), the upper end fixing layer (9-2) and the heat preservation layer (10-2) of the peripheral side wall of the lower box body (8) are reduced by about 1 cm section at the same time, and the protective layer (11-1) at the lower end of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body and the upper end protective layer (11-2) at the peripheral side wall of the lower box body are respectively exposed out of about 1 cm section; an upper buckle convex groove (12-1) and a lower buckle convex groove (12-2) are reserved in the middle of two sections of a protective layer (11-1) at the lower end of a flange folding wall on the periphery of an upper box body and a protective layer (11-2) at the upper end of a side wall on the periphery of a lower box body, an annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape (13) with the same length, width and height is configured for a space left by a fixed layer at the lower end of the flange folding wall on the periphery of an upper box body (7) and a fixed layer at the upper end of a side wall on the periphery of a lower box body (8) and a section reduced by the heat-preservation layer, an upper buckle groove (14-1) and a lower buckle groove (14-2) are reserved in two quarter positions of the inner side wall of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape (13), the upper buckle groove (14-1) is matched with the upper buckle convex groove (12-1), and the lower buckle groove (14-2) is matched with the lower buckle convex groove (12-2); the outer edge of a protective layer (11-1) exposed at the lower end of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body (7) and the outer edge of a protective layer (11-2) exposed at the upper end of the peripheral side wall of the lower box body (8) are aligned and covered by taking the outer edge of the protective layer (11-1) exposed at the lower end of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body (7) and the outer edge of the protective layer (11-2) exposed at the upper end of the peripheral side wall of the lower box body (8) as reference, an annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape (13) is sleeved in a space which is left after the lower end of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body (7) and the upper end of the peripheral side wall of the lower box body (8) are reduced by a section, an upper buckle convex groove (12-1) on the protective layer exposed at the lower end of the peripheral flange folding wall of the upper box body (7) is extruded and clamped into an upper buckle groove (14-1) on the inner side wall of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape (13), and a lower buckle groove (12-2) on the inner side wall of the annular sealing heat-preservation adhesive tape (13) is extruded and clamped, so that the upper box body (7) and the lower box body (8) are covered and covered.

In fig. 4: one end of a lead (17) is placed into a guide opening (18), penetrates through a lead conduit channel (19), is delivered out of the side wall of a lower box body (8), the thread end of the lead (17) is held outside the side wall of the lower box body (8) by hands, a section of lead (17) with the length larger than that of the lead channel (19) is drawn out, the drawn section of lead (17) is placed into a lead groove (16-1), then a lead groove (16-2) of an upper heat insulation body (15-2) is aligned with the lead groove (16-1) of the lower heat insulation body (15-1) to form a combined heat insulation body (15) penetrated by the lead (17), and then a gap between the combined positions at the two ends of the combined heat insulation body (15) and a lead notch is sealed by heat insulation sealant; and pushing the sealed and fixed combined heat insulation body (15) into the lead channel (19) by one hand, simultaneously withdrawing the lead (17) above the guide opening (18) by the other hand, filling the lead channel (19) by the combined heat insulation body (15), and finally sealing the gap at the joint between the combined heat insulation body (15) and the side wall opening of the lead channel (19) by heat insulation sealant.

In fig. 5: aligning an air guide opening (22) of the air guide conduit with an air guide opening (25) of the hollow heat insulator, then mutually fastening a fastening groove (24) on the upper hollow heat insulator (23-2) and the lower hollow heat insulator (23-1), fastening the cover of the air guide conduit (20) in the fastening groove, and combining into a combined hollow heat insulator (23) which wraps the air guide conduit (20) in the fastening groove; the air guide opening (25) of the combined hollow heat insulator (23) faces upwards, and the combined hollow heat insulator (23) wrapped by the air guide conduit (20) is integrally pushed into the conduit channel (27); and sealing gaps at the joint parts between the air guide opening (26) on the inner wall of the lower box body, the side wall opening of the conduit channel (27), the air guide conduit (20) and the combined hollow heat insulator (23) by using heat insulation sealant.

In fig. 6, the exposed outer edge of the protective layer of the flange folding wall (28) around the upper box body (7) and the exposed outer edge of the protective layer of the side wall around the lower box body (8) are taken as reference, the upper box body (7) and the lower box body (8) are aligned and covered, after the annular sealing and heat-preserving adhesive tape is sleeved, the bolt assemblies with corresponding quantity are screwed in the nuts (30) which are preset in the inner wall of the outer edge around the lower box body (8) through the screw penetrating holes (29) on the upper box body (7), then the bolt assemblies are screwed in an even and symmetrical mode by two sleeves for three times, and finally, the prepared heat-preserving covers are respectively pressed into the screw penetrating holes (29) on the upper penetrating holes, so as to realize the trivial covering of the upper box body (7) and the lower box body (8) after sealing and heat preserving.

In fig. 1, a charging system (6) is powered on, when the temperature of a power battery (1) is monitored to be lower than 20 ℃ through a (BMS) (3), an ECU (2) sends a message instruction to a constant temperature system (5), a thermal management system (4) is started to heat the power battery (1), and when the temperature of the power battery (1) is monitored to be increased to 20 ℃ through the (BMS) (3), the ECU (2) sends a message instruction to the (BMS) (3) to start charging the power battery (1); when the temperature value of the power battery (1) is monitored to be higher than 30 ℃ by the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system (5), the thermal management system (4) is started to cool the power battery (1), and when the temperature value of the power battery (1) is monitored to be lowered to 30 ℃ by the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the BMS (3) to start charging the power battery (1); when the temperature value of the power battery (1) is monitored to be 20-30 ℃ through the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the BMS (3) to directly charge the power battery (1), in the charging process, when the temperature of the power battery (1) sent from the BMS (3) to the ECU (2) is higher than 30 ℃, the ECU (2) controls the constant temperature system (5) to cool the power battery (1), when the temperature of the power battery (1) sent from the BMS (3) to the ECU (2) reaches an optimal state of 25 ℃, the ECU (2) controls the constant temperature system (5) to continuously keep the constant temperature of the power battery (1) until the power battery (1) is fully charged, and the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system (5) to shut down the thermal management system (4); when a vehicle is stopped, when the ECU (2) monitors that the temperature value of the power battery (1) is lower than 20 ℃ through the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends a message instruction to the constant temperature system (5) to start the thermal management system (4) to heat the power battery (1), when the ECU (2) monitors that the temperature value of the power battery (1) is higher than 30 ℃ through the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends a message instruction to the constant temperature system (5) to start the thermal management system (4) to cool the power battery (1); in the running process, when the temperature value of the power battery (1) is monitored to be higher than 30 ℃ through the BMS (3), the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system (5) to start the thermal management system (4) to cool the power battery (1), and when the temperature value of the power battery (1) sent from the BMS (3) to the ECU (2) is reduced to 25 ℃, the ECU (2) controls the constant temperature system (5) to continuously keep the temperature of the power battery (1) until the vehicle stops, and the ECU (2) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system (5) to stop the thermal management system (4); if the vehicle is not used for a long time, when the temperature of the power battery (1) is reduced to below 20 ℃ or increased to above 30 ℃ and the remaining power of the power battery is less than 20 percent, the ECU (2) sends out a message instruction to shut down the whole constant temperature system (5), when the vehicle is charged, the constant temperature cycle is restarted, and the temperature of the power battery (1) is increased and reduced in advance according to the first charging mode.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other configurations and designs similar to or similar to the above embodiments of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant temperature system and constant temperature scheme of an electric automobile power battery are characterized in that: a sealed heat preservation structure is added to the battery pack box body, and a relatively independent constant temperature space is provided for the power battery.

2. The thermostatic space according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack upper box body and the battery pack lower box body are sealed at the peripheral covered position by an annular sealing heat preservation adhesive tape and a heat preservation cotton strip to form a heat preservation box body.

3. The thermal insulation box body of claim 2, wherein: each box wall of the battery pack consists of an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the innermost layer is a protective layer with the inner wall sprayed with a thermal radiation resistant coating and provides protection and support for the battery pack and a fixed mounting condition for the insulating layer and the fixed layer; the middle is a heat-insulating layer formed by combining two layers of foam materials and a layer of vacuum heat-insulating plate; the outermost layer is a fixed layer for wrapping and fixing the heat-insulating layer.

4. The thermal insulation box body of claim 2, wherein: the combined heat insulator with the reserved wire grooves guides circuit wires of each unit and system in the battery pack box out of the battery pack box through a wire channel reserved in a hollow reinforcing rib structure in the lower box; air guide pipes of an air supply and exhaust system and a water guide pipe of a circulating water system of a thermal management system which are merged into a constant temperature system are wrapped by the hollow combined heat insulator and then guided into the battery pack box body through a guide pipe channel reserved in a hollow reinforcing rib structure in the lower box body; the air door switch is arranged at the pipe orifice of each air guide pipe led into the guide port on the inner wall of the lower box body, and the heat insulation layer formed by two layers of foam materials and a layer of vacuum heat insulation plate is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the air door switch; an expansion valve with an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the two sections of water guide pipe pipes positioned in the pipe passage of the lower box body, and an insulating layer is added on the inner wall of an electromagnetic valve of the expansion valve; the gaps at the joint between the combined heat insulator and the side wall opening of the wire channel are sealed by sealing heat-insulating glue, and the gaps at the joint between each guide pipe and the inner wall guide opening of the lower box body, the side wall opening of the guide pipe channel and the hollow combined heat insulator are sealed by heat-insulating sealant.

5. The thermostatic system according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that: carry out corresponding extension to the function of microprocessor in (ECU) and (BMS) in advance, increase the constant temperature module, through the constant temperature experimental data of gathering each motorcycle type earlier stage, according to the heat convection formula: q = H is multiplied by A is multiplied by delta T, a series of instruction programs of corresponding actions are designed and compiled in advance for each vehicle type, and are sent out according to the calculation and processing results, and the series of instruction programs, each standard parameter and the set value are stored in a program memory of (ECU) and (BMS); the ECU intelligently controls the constant temperature system and the thermal management system in real time through a low-voltage signal transmission special line provided by the BMS; the thermal management system incorporated in the thermostatic system directly obtains electric energy through a dedicated line for power utilization provided by a (BMS).

6. Thermostat arrangement of a thermostat system according to claim 5, characterized by the following steps: the charging system is connected with a power supply, when the temperature of the power battery is monitored to be lower than 20 ℃ through the BMS, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system, the thermal management system is started to heat the power battery, and when the temperature of the power battery is monitored to be increased to 20 ℃ through the BMS, the ECU sends an information instruction to the BMS to start charging the power battery; when the temperature value of the power battery monitored by the BMS is higher than 30 ℃, sending an information instruction to a constant temperature system by the ECU, starting a thermal management system to cool the power battery, and when the temperature value of the power battery monitored by the BMS is reduced to 30 ℃, sending an information instruction to the BMS by the ECU to start charging the power battery; when the temperature value of the power battery is monitored to be 20-30 ℃ by the (BMS), the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the (BMS) to directly charge the power battery, when the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the (ECU) by the (BMS) is higher than 30 ℃ in the charging process, the (ECU) can control the constant temperature system to cool the power battery, when the temperature of the power battery transmitted to the (ECU) by the (BMS) reaches the optimal state of 25 ℃, the (ECU) can control the constant temperature system to keep constant temperature of the power battery, and after the power battery is fully charged, the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to shut down the thermal management system; when the vehicle is stopped, when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature value of the power battery is lower than 20 ℃ through the (BMS), the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to start the thermal management system to heat the power battery, and when the (ECU) monitors that the temperature value of the power battery is higher than 30 ℃ through the (BMS), the (ECU) sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to start the thermal management system to cool the power battery; when the temperature value of the power battery is monitored to be higher than 30 ℃ by the BMS in the driving process, the ECU sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to start the thermal management system to cool the power battery, and when the temperature value of the power battery is reduced to 25 ℃ by the BMS, the ECU controls the constant temperature system to keep constant temperature of the power battery until the power battery is stopped, and then sends an information instruction to the constant temperature system to stop the thermal management system; if the vehicle is not used for a long time, when the temperature of the power battery is reduced to below 20 ℃ and increased to above 30 ℃ and the residual electric quantity of the power battery is less than 20 percent, the ECU sends out a message instruction to shut down the whole constant temperature system, and when the vehicle is charged, the constant temperature cycle is restarted, and the temperature of the power battery is increased and reduced in advance according to the first charging mode.