CN110329110B - Battery safety control system and control method for electric motor coach - Google Patents
Battery safety control system and control method for electric motor coach Download PDFInfo
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- CN110329110B CN110329110B CN201910720357.XA CN201910720357A CN110329110B CN 110329110 B CN110329110 B CN 110329110B CN 201910720357 A CN201910720357 A CN 201910720357A CN 110329110 B CN110329110 B CN 110329110B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
- B60R16/0232—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle for measuring vehicle parameters and indicating critical, abnormal or dangerous conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach, which comprises: the battery management system is used for collecting the voltage and the temperature of the single battery and the current of the battery pack; the temperature protection module comprises high-temperature protection and low-temperature protection; the uphill detection module is used for detecting whether the driving process is in an uphill road section; the headwind detection module is used for detecting whether the driving process is in a headwind road section; the rainwater detection module is used for detecting whether the driving process is in rainwater weather or not; the high-low temperature charging and discharging protection of the battery pack of the electric motor coach is realized, and the battery pack is prevented from running at high temperature or low temperature; when the resistance is large, the battery pack with high electric quantity output is automatically switched to supply power, so that the low electric quantity and high power output are avoided; in the running process in a high-humidity or rainwater environment, the battery pack A is adopted to supply power for the running process, and circuits of other battery packs are disconnected, so that the safety of the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric motor coach battery safety, particularly relates to a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach, and particularly relates to a control method of the battery safety control system for the electric motor coach.
Background
Electric vehicles, namely electric drive vehicles, are also known as electric drive vehicles. Electric vehicles are classified into alternating current electric vehicles and direct current electric vehicles. Generally, an electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses a battery as an energy source, and converts electric energy into mechanical energy through a controller, a motor and other components to move so as to control the current and change the speed.
In the face of the dual pressure of energy conservation and environmental protection, the automobile industry must vigorously develop environmental-friendly energy automobiles (electric automobiles) for sustainable development. The existing electric automobile, especially the electric bus is loaded with a plurality of groups of large batteries, the batteries on the existing electric bus are not used in a better safety control system, and excessive potential safety hazards exist in the using process, wherein the potential safety hazards include high-temperature charge and discharge, low-temperature charge and discharge, excessive resistance and excessive humidity, and the factors easily influence the service life and the use safety of the batteries. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a battery safety control system and a battery safety control method for an electric motor coach that can be used in various environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery safety control system and a battery safety control method for an electric motor coach, so as to solve the problems that the battery management of the electric motor coach proposed in the background technology has more potential safety hazards and the battery is unreasonably used.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach, comprising:
the system comprises a plurality of battery packs, a vehicle body controller, a battery management system, a temperature protection module and a plurality of detection modules, wherein the battery management system, the temperature protection module and the detection modules are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle body controller;
the first battery pack in the battery packs is in a sealed state and can be connected with other battery packs in series;
the battery management system is respectively connected with each single battery of the battery pack, collects the voltage and the temperature of each single battery and the current and the electric quantity of the battery pack and sends the voltage and the temperature and the current and the electric quantity of each single battery to the automobile body controller;
the temperature protection module is used for controlling high-temperature charging and discharging protection and low-temperature charging and discharging protection and comprises a sealed insulating explosion-proof shell used for packaging the first battery pack, a refrigerating piece A and a refrigerating piece B used for controlling the internal temperature of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell are arranged on the side surface of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the refrigerating piece A and the refrigerating piece B are semiconductor refrigerating pieces, and the refrigerating end of the refrigerating piece A is arranged on the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell and used for refrigerating the internal part of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell; the refrigerating end of the refrigerating sheet B is arranged on the outer side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell and used for heating the inside of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell;
the detection module comprises an uphill detection module, an upwind detection module and a rainwater detection module, the detection module feeds back a signal to the vehicle body controller according to the detected resistance and humidity conditions, and the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to give the battery management system for safety control.
The battery management system comprises a central control unit, the hollow unit is connected with a battery pack charging switching module, a battery pack discharging switching module, an electric quantity detection module and a battery pack on-off switch module, and charging and discharging of the battery pack are switched and managed conveniently through the battery pack charging switching module and the battery pack discharging switching module;
the battery management system also comprises a total current detection unit for detecting the total current of the line, a voltage detection unit of each single battery pack, a temperature detection unit of each single battery pack and a fault alarm module.
The uphill detection module comprises a slope inclination angle detection sensor arranged in the electric motor coach and used for detecting whether the uphill section is located in the driving process or not, if the uphill section is judged to be located in the uphill process, a signal is fed back to the automobile body controller, the automobile body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system, and the electric quantity detection module detects the residual electric quantity of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for driving.
The headwind detection module comprises a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor and a vehicle speed sensor which are installed on the roof of the electric passenger car and used for detecting whether the running process is in a headwind road section or not, if the headwind state is judged, a signal is fed back to the vehicle body controller, the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system, and the electric quantity detection module detects the residual electric quantity of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for running.
The rainwater detection module comprises a rainwater sensor arranged at the top of the electric motor coach and is used for detecting whether the running process is in rainwater weather or not, if the judgment result is larger than a preset rainfall threshold value, a signal is fed back to the automobile body controller, the automobile body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, power supply is automatically switched to the first battery pack in a sealed state, and other battery packs are disconnected.
Preferably, the connection circuits of the refrigerating plate A and the refrigerating plate B are respectively provided with a relay switch, and the relay switches are connected with the automobile body controller through wires.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted battery pack protection system further comprises an overcurrent protection module, a short-circuit protection module, a collision detection module and a touch display screen, wherein the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module, the collision detection module and the touch display screen are all connected with the vehicle body controller, the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module and the collision detection module can be sent to the vehicle body controller through detection signals and utilize the battery management system to break a circuit of the battery pack, and each battery pack is provided with an independent relay switch.
The invention also provides a control method of the battery safety control system for the electric motor coach, which comprises the following steps:
s1, charging low-temperature protection, heating the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell by controlling the refrigerating sheet B in a low-temperature environment, heating the first battery pack, charging the first battery pack through a battery management system after the temperature of the first battery pack reaches normal temperature or approaches to normal temperature, charging the first battery pack for 10-15 minutes, connecting the first battery pack with other battery packs in series, slowly charging the other battery packs for 30-60 minutes by using voltage balance, disconnecting the series connection with the first battery pack, independently charging the other battery packs, and sequentially completing charging to realize low-temperature charging protection;
s2, discharging and protecting at low temperature, wherein in a low-temperature environment, the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell is heated by controlling the refrigerating sheet B, so that a first battery pack is heated, after the first battery pack is heated for 3-5 minutes, the electric motor coach uses the first battery pack to supply power for running, after the electric motor coach runs for 30-45 minutes, other battery packs are fully preheated by heat generated by a motor or other equipment in the running process, and then the electric motor coach is switched to other battery packs through the battery management system to supply power for running;
s3, uphill protection and headwind protection, wherein when the uphill detection module detects that the traveling crane is in an uphill process, the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system is used for detecting the electric quantity surplus of each battery pack, and power supply is switched to the battery pack with the largest surplus electric quantity to perform traveling crane; the wind direction sensor, the wind speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor can accurately detect and analyze whether the vehicle runs in an upwind state by using the vehicle body controller, and the power supply is switched to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity to drive in the upwind state; the uphill protection and the headwind protection can effectively avoid the damage to the battery caused by overlarge heat productivity in low-electricity and high-power operation;
s4, rain detection and protection, wherein the rain sensor detects the magnitude of rain, if the magnitude of rain is judged to be larger than a preset rain threshold, a signal is fed back to the vehicle body controller, the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to send a battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, power supply is automatically switched to the first battery pack in a sealed state, and other battery packs are disconnected;
s5, high-temperature charging and discharging protection, under the condition of high-temperature charging and discharging, by using a circulating charging mode of the first battery pack and other battery packs, when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature value, the first battery pack and other battery packs are switched to the battery pack with lower temperature for charging and discharging, if the temperatures of the plurality of battery packs are higher, the refrigerating sheet A can be controlled to refrigerate the inside of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the temperature of the first battery pack is rapidly reduced, the first battery pack with reduced temperature is switched to charge and discharge, and the charging and discharging protection of the battery packs at high temperature is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the battery safety control system for the electric motor coach, provided by the invention, has the following advantages:
1. the protection of high-temperature charging and discharging and low-temperature charging and discharging of the battery pack of the electric motor coach is realized through the temperature protection module, the battery pack is prevented from being in a running state at high temperature or low temperature, and the safety and the service life of the battery pack are improved;
2. through the uphill protection and the headwind protection, the battery pack with high electric quantity output is automatically adjusted and switched to supply power under larger resistance, so that the low electric quantity and high power output are avoided, the safety of the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged;
3. through the rainwater protection module, be provided with sealed group battery A, at high humidity or rainwater environment driving process, adopt this group battery A to drive a vehicle and supply power to the circuit of other group batteries has improved the security of group battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a main system block diagram of a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of the battery pack A, B, C of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach as shown in fig. 1 to 3, which at least includes: the system comprises a plurality of battery packs, a vehicle Body Controller (BCM), and a Battery Management System (BMS), a temperature protection module, an uphill detection module, a headwind detection module and a rainwater detection module which are respectively and electrically connected with the vehicle body controller.
The battery pack comprises at least three groups of battery packs, as shown in fig. 2, a battery pack A, a battery pack B, a battery pack C and the like in sequence, wherein the battery pack A can be connected with the battery pack B and/or the battery pack C and/or a subsequent battery pack in series, the first battery pack is in a sealed state, and the battery pack B, the battery pack C and the like behind the first battery pack are in a common detachable state, so that quick heat dissipation and timely maintenance are facilitated.
The Battery Management System (BMS) is respectively connected with each single battery in the battery pack, collects the voltage and temperature parameters of the single battery and the current and electric quantity parameters of the battery pack, and sends the parameters to the vehicle Body Controller (BCM) through a central control unit (BMU). As shown in fig. 3, the battery management system includes a central control unit (BMU), the hollow unit is electrically connected to a battery pack charging switching module, a battery pack discharging switching module, an electric quantity detection module, and a battery pack on/off switch module, and the battery management system is configured to switch charging and discharging of the battery pack through the battery pack charging switching module and the battery pack discharging switching module, and further includes a total current detection unit for detecting a total current of a line, a voltage detection unit of each battery pack, a temperature detection unit of each battery pack, and a fault alarm module.
The temperature protection module is used for controlling high-temperature charging and discharging protection and low-temperature charging and discharging protection, and comprises a sealed insulating explosion-proof shell used for packaging the battery pack A, a refrigerating piece A and a refrigerating piece B used for controlling the internal temperature of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell are arranged on the side surface of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the refrigerating piece A and the refrigerating piece B are semiconductor refrigerating pieces, and the refrigerating end of the refrigerating piece A is arranged on the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell and used for refrigerating the internal part of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell; the refrigeration end of the refrigeration piece B is arranged on the outer side of the sealed insulation explosion-proof shell and used for heating (preheating) the inside of the sealed insulation explosion-proof shell, and relay switches are arranged on the connecting circuits of the refrigeration piece A and the refrigeration piece B and connected with the automobile body controller through wires.
The uphill detection module comprises a slope inclination angle detection sensor arranged in an electric motor coach and used for detecting whether the driving process is in an uphill road section or not, if the uphill process is judged, a feedback signal is sent to a vehicle Body Controller (BCM), the vehicle Body Controller (BCM) generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to an electric quantity detection module in the battery management system, the electric quantity detection module detects the residual electric quantity of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for driving, namely, under the larger resistance, the battery pack switched to high-electric-quantity output is automatically adjusted and supplied with power, the low-electric-quantity high-power output is avoided, and the safety and the service life of the battery pack are improved.
The headwind detection module comprises a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor and a vehicle speed sensor which are installed on the roof of an electric motor coach, and is used for detecting whether the driving process is in a headwind road section, if the headwind state is judged, a feedback signal is fed to a vehicle Body Controller (BCM), the vehicle Body Controller (BCM) generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to supply power to a power detection module in a battery management system, the power detection module detects the residual power of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual power to drive, namely, the battery pack which is switched to high power output is automatically adjusted and supplied with power under larger resistance, low power and high power output is avoided, and the safety and the service life of the battery pack are improved.
The rainwater detection module comprises a rainwater sensor installed at the top of the electric motor coach and used for detecting whether the running process is in rainwater weather or not, if the rainwater detection module is judged to be larger than a preset rainfall threshold value, for example, the rainwater detection module is in heavy rain or rainstorm environment, a feedback signal is given to the vehicle Body Controller (BCM), the vehicle Body Controller (BCM) generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to give the battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, the power supply is automatically switched to the battery pack A in a sealing state, the battery pack B and the battery pack C are disconnected, and rainwater is prevented from being splashed or immersed on the battery pack in a non-sealing state to cause electric leakage or short circuit.
The invention relates to a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach, which further comprises an overcurrent protection module, a short-circuit protection module, a collision detection module and a touch display screen, wherein the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module, the collision detection module and the touch display screen are all connected with a coach body controller, the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module and the collision detection module can be all sent to the coach body controller through detection signals and used for disconnecting a circuit of a battery pack by a battery management system, and each battery pack is provided with an independent relay switch.
The invention relates to a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach, which comprises the following steps in the practical application process:
s1, charging low-temperature protection: in a low-temperature environment, the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell is heated (preheated) by controlling the refrigerating sheet B, so that the battery pack A is heated, after the temperature of the battery pack A reaches the normal temperature (25 ℃) or approaches the normal temperature (15-20 ℃), the battery pack A is charged through the battery management system, after charging is carried out for 10-15 minutes, the battery pack A is connected with the battery pack B or the battery pack C in series for charging, after the battery pack B or the battery pack C is slowly charged for 30-60 minutes by using voltage balance, the series connection with the battery pack A is disconnected, the battery packs B and C are independently charged, charging is sequentially completed, and low-temperature charging protection is realized;
s2, discharge low-temperature protection: in a low-temperature environment, the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell is heated (preheated) by controlling the refrigerating sheet B, so that the battery pack A is heated, after the battery pack A is heated for 3-5 minutes, the electric motor coach uses the battery pack A to supply power for running, after the electric motor coach runs for 30-45 minutes, the battery pack B and the battery pack C are fully preheated by heat generated by a motor or other equipment in the running process, and then the battery management system is switched to the battery pack B or the battery pack C to supply power for running, so that low-temperature discharge protection is realized, and electric energy can be saved;
s3, uphill protection and headwind protection: detecting that the travelling crane is in the process of ascending through an ascending detection module, detecting the electric quantity of each battery pack by using an electric quantity detection module in a battery management system, and switching power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for travelling crane; the wind direction sensor, the wind speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor can accurately detect and analyze whether the vehicle runs in an upwind state by using the vehicle body controller, and the power supply is switched to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity to drive in the upwind state; through the uphill protection and the headwind protection, the problems that the batteries are damaged due to overlarge heat productivity caused by low-electricity high-power operation can be effectively avoided;
s4, rainwater detection protection: the magnitude of rainfall is detected through a rainwater sensor, if the rainfall is judged to be larger than a preset rainfall threshold value, for example, the rainfall is in a heavy rain or heavy rain environment, a signal is fed back to the vehicle Body Controller (BCM), the vehicle Body Controller (BCM) generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to send a battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, power supply is automatically switched to the battery pack A in a sealed state, the battery pack B and the battery pack C are disconnected, and rainwater is prevented from being splashed or immersed on the battery pack in an unsealed state to cause electric leakage or short circuit;
s5, high-temperature charge and discharge protection: under the condition of high-temperature charging and discharging, by using a circulating charging mode of the battery pack A, the battery pack B and the battery pack C, when the temperature is higher (exceeds a preset temperature value), the battery pack A is switched to the battery pack with the lower temperature for charging and discharging, if the temperatures of the plurality of battery packs are higher, the refrigerating sheet A can be controlled to refrigerate the inside of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the temperature of the battery pack A is rapidly reduced, the battery pack A with the reduced temperature is switched to charge and discharge, and the charging and discharging protection of the battery pack at the high temperature is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A battery safety control system for an electric motor coach is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a plurality of battery packs, a vehicle body controller, a battery management system, a temperature protection module and a plurality of detection modules, wherein the battery management system, the temperature protection module and the detection modules are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle body controller;
the first battery pack in the battery packs is in a sealed state and can be connected with other battery packs in series;
the battery management system is respectively connected with each single battery of the battery pack, collects the voltage and the temperature of each single battery and the current and the electric quantity of the battery pack and sends the voltage and the temperature and the current and the electric quantity of each single battery to the automobile body controller;
the temperature protection module is used for controlling high-temperature charging and discharging protection and low-temperature charging and discharging protection and comprises a sealed insulating explosion-proof shell used for packaging the first battery pack, a refrigerating piece A and a refrigerating piece B used for controlling the internal temperature of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell are arranged on the side surface of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the refrigerating piece A and the refrigerating piece B are semiconductor refrigerating pieces, and the refrigerating end of the refrigerating piece A is arranged on the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell and used for refrigerating the internal part of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell; the refrigerating end of the refrigerating sheet B is arranged on the outer side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell and used for heating the inside of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell;
the detection module comprises an uphill detection module, an upwind detection module and a rainwater detection module, the detection module feeds back a signal to the vehicle body controller according to the detected resistance and humidity conditions, and the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction to the battery management system according to the feedback signal so as to perform safety control; the rainwater detection module comprises a rainwater sensor arranged at the top of the electric motor coach and used for detecting whether the running process is in rainwater weather or not, if the judgment result is larger than a preset rainfall threshold value, a signal is fed back to the vehicle body controller, the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, power supply is automatically switched to the first battery pack in a sealed state, and other battery packs are disconnected.
2. The battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to claim 1, wherein:
the battery management system comprises a central control unit, wherein the central control unit is connected with a battery pack charging switching module, a battery pack discharging switching module, an electric quantity detection module and a battery pack on-off switch module, and charging and discharging of the battery pack are switched and managed conveniently through the battery pack charging switching module and the battery pack discharging switching module;
the battery management system also comprises a total current detection unit for detecting the total current of the line, a voltage detection unit of each single battery pack, a temperature detection unit of each single battery pack and a fault alarm module.
3. The battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to claim 1, wherein:
the uphill detection module comprises a slope inclination angle detection sensor arranged in the electric motor coach and used for detecting whether the uphill section is located in the driving process or not, if the uphill section is judged to be located in the uphill process, a signal is fed back to the automobile body controller, the automobile body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system, and the electric quantity detection module detects the residual electric quantity of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for driving.
4. The battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to claim 1, wherein:
the headwind detection module comprises a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor and a vehicle speed sensor which are installed on the roof of the electric passenger car and used for detecting whether the running process is in a headwind road section or not, if the headwind state is judged, a signal is fed back to the vehicle body controller, the vehicle body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal and sends the control instruction to the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system, and the electric quantity detection module detects the residual electric quantity of each battery pack according to the control instruction and switches power supply to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for running.
5. The battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to claim 1, wherein: and the connection circuits of the refrigerating plate A and the refrigerating plate B are respectively provided with a relay switch, and the relay switches are connected with the automobile body controller through wires.
6. The battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to claim 1, wherein: the vehicle-mounted battery pack protection device is characterized by further comprising an overcurrent protection module, a short-circuit protection module, a collision detection module and a touch display screen, wherein the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module, the collision detection module and the touch display screen are all connected with the vehicle body controller, the overcurrent protection module, the short-circuit protection module and the collision detection module can be sent to the vehicle body controller through detection signals and utilize a battery management system to break a circuit of the battery pack, and each battery pack is provided with an independent relay switch.
7. A control method of a battery safety control system for an electric motor coach according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising charge cryo-protection and discharge cryo-protection;
the charging low-temperature protection specifically comprises the following steps: in a low-temperature environment, the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell is heated by controlling the refrigerating sheet B, so that a first battery pack is heated, the first battery pack is charged through a battery management system after the temperature of the first battery pack reaches normal temperature or approaches to normal temperature, the first battery pack is charged in series with other battery packs after being charged for 10-15 minutes, the series connection with the first battery pack is disconnected after the other battery packs are slowly charged for 30-60 minutes by utilizing voltage balance, the other battery packs are independently charged, and the charging is sequentially completed, so that the low-temperature charging protection is realized;
the discharge low-temperature protection specifically comprises the following steps: in a low-temperature environment, the inner side of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell is heated by controlling the refrigerating sheet B, so that the first battery pack is heated, after the first battery pack is heated for 3-5 minutes, the electric motor coach uses the first battery pack to supply power for running, after the electric motor coach runs for 30-45 minutes, other battery packs are fully preheated by heat generated by a motor or other equipment in the running process, and then the electric motor coach is switched to other battery packs through the battery management system to supply power for running.
8. The control method of the battery safety control system for the electric motor coach according to claim 7, further comprising an uphill protection and a headwind protection and a rain detection protection;
the uphill protection and the headwind protection are specifically as follows: when the uphill detection module detects that the traveling crane is in the uphill process, the electric quantity detection module in the battery management system is used for detecting the electric quantity residual quantity of each battery pack, and the power supply is switched to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity for traveling; the wind direction sensor, the wind speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor can accurately detect and analyze whether the vehicle runs in an upwind state by using the vehicle body controller, and the power supply is switched to the battery pack with the largest residual electric quantity to drive in the upwind state;
the rainwater detection protection specifically comprises: the rainfall is detected through the rain sensor, if the rainfall is judged to be larger than a preset rainfall threshold value, a signal is fed back to the automobile body controller, the automobile body controller generates a corresponding control instruction according to the feedback signal to a battery pack on-off switch module in the battery management system, power supply is automatically switched to the first battery pack in a sealed state, and other battery packs are disconnected.
9. The control method of the battery safety control system for the electric motor coach according to claim 7, further comprising high temperature charge and discharge protection;
the high-temperature charge and discharge protection specifically comprises the following steps: under the condition of high-temperature charging and discharging, the first battery pack and other battery packs are charged circularly, when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature value, the battery packs with lower temperature are switched to charge and discharge, if the temperatures of the plurality of battery packs are higher, the refrigerating sheet A can be controlled to refrigerate the inside of the sealed insulating explosion-proof shell, the temperature of the first battery pack is rapidly reduced, the first battery pack with reduced temperature is switched to charge and discharge, and the charging and discharging protection of the battery packs at high temperature is realized.
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| CN111516498B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | Double-battery system safety application control method |
| CN111923856B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-01-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electric bus passenger escape safety quantification system and quantification method |
| CN115275442A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-01 | 一汽解放青岛汽车有限公司 | Composite battery management control system and method and vehicle |
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