CN115144906A - Amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging - Google Patents
Amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; extracting the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of a first wave peak value of the primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of a second wave peak value of the secondary reflection echo according to the mud pulse reflection echo data and the arrival time data, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor; aiming at any depth point in a preset depth area, acquiring the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole in a preset window length range above and below the depth point, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; carrying out amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of the depth point according to the depth correction factor; amplitude correction is completed on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at each depth point in the preset depth area, and an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction is obtained, so that the problem of uneven brightness of an imaging curve image caused by eccentricity of a logging instrument is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration and petroleum logging, in particular to an amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging.
Background
The ultrasonic imaging logging is widely applied to oil and gas field exploration and development, a wave probe is used for transmitting ultrasonic pulse signals, the ultrasonic signals are transmitted in well fluid and reflected by a well wall, and reflected echo signals are received by the ultrasonic probe. Geological formation information of the borehole inner wall can be evaluated by measuring the amplitude and time of the reflected echo signals. Logging instruments are typically centered with centralizers installed during the measurement, but are inevitably offset from the borehole axis during movement. At the moment, although the well hole is circular, because the rotating shaft of the detector is not positioned on the axis of the well hole, the paths of the sound waves reaching the well wall and reflecting the sound waves are unequal, and light and dark stripes appear in the ultrasonic imaging at the time; in addition, due to the difference of propagation paths, the attenuation of ultrasonic signals is different, and the ultrasonic amplitude imaging is not uniform.
As shown in FIG. 1, the left side is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic propagation path when the logging tool is centered and the right side is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic propagation path when the logging tool is eccentric. If the logging instrument is positioned in the center of the borehole, the ultrasonic signals radiated from the transducer are incident on the borehole wall and return to the transducer along the original path to be received; if the logging instrument is eccentric, an ultrasonic signal radiated from the transducer is incident on a well wall, the reflected path of the ultrasonic wave is inconsistent with the incident path, so that the amplitude of the reflected ultrasonic signal is reduced, the arrival time is increased, and the measured amplitude and the arrival time image cannot truly reflect the real structure of the stratum, thereby influencing the interpretation and evaluation. When the logging instrument is eccentric, the ultrasonic reflection echo signal measured for one circle is scanned, and the display effect shown in fig. 2 is obtained. The thick circle represents the arrival time of the ultrasonic reflection echo, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the center of the circle does not coincide with the center (circular point) of the borehole, and at the moment, the logging instrument is eccentric, and the amplitude and arrival time of the measured reflection wave cannot truly reflect the structure of the stratum.
In addition, due to the attenuation of mud, the loss of sound wave energy at different distances is different, two vertical bright and dark bands appear in the amplitude and travel images, and the amplitude imaging or arrival time imaging measured when the logging instrument is eccentric can cover some useful geological structure information.
Therefore, an amplitude eccentricity correction method for ultrasonic logging is urgently needed to solve the problems that the true structure of the stratum cannot be truly reflected by the amplitude and the arrival time imaging caused by the eccentricity of a logging instrument, the brightness of a reflected wave amplitude imaging image is not uniform, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention are proposed to provide an amplitude eccentricity correction method and apparatus for ultrasonic logging that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an amplitude eccentricity correction method for ultrasonic logging, the method including:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; the logging data comprises mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and arrival time data;
extracting and calculating, namely extracting and obtaining the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of a first wave peak value of a primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of a second wave peak value of a secondary reflection echo according to mud pulse reflection echo data, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor;
a correction step, aiming at any depth point in a preset depth area, obtaining the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole in a preset window length range above and below the depth point, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; carrying out amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of the depth point according to the depth correction factor; and repeating the correction step until the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at each depth point of the preset depth area is corrected, so as to obtain an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an amplitude eccentricity correction apparatus for ultrasonic logging, including:
the acquisition module is suitable for acquiring logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; the logging data comprise mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and time-of-arrival data;
the extraction calculation module is suitable for extracting and obtaining the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of a first wave peak value of a primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of a second wave peak value of a secondary reflection echo according to mud pulse reflection echo data, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor;
the correction module is suitable for acquiring the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole in a preset window length range above and below a depth point aiming at any depth point in a preset depth area, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; carrying out amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of the depth point according to the depth correction factor; and repeatedly executing the correction module until the amplitude of the echo reflected by the inner wall of the borehole at each depth point of the preset depth area is corrected, so as to obtain an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction.
According to still another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a computing device including: the system comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the communication bus;
the memory is used for storing at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute the operation corresponding to the amplitude eccentricity correction method of the ultrasonic logging.
According to yet another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer storage medium having at least one executable instruction stored therein, the executable instruction causing a processor to perform operations corresponding to the amplitude eccentricity correction method for ultrasonic logging.
According to the amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging provided by the embodiment of the invention, logging data of a logging instrument in a preset depth interval are obtained, a mud attenuation factor is calculated, and the amplitude of a reflected echo on the inner wall of a borehole is subjected to eccentricity correction to obtain an ultrasonic amplitude imaging curve of the preset depth interval after the integral eccentricity correction, so that the problem of uneven brightness of an imaging curve image caused by the eccentricity of the logging instrument is solved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, and the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided below in order to make the foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understandable.
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Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic propagation path with a logging tool centered and off-center;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the effect of ultrasonic reflection echo arrival time under the condition of eccentricity of a logging instrument;
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method of amplitude eccentricity correction for ultrasonic logging in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a logging tool disposed in a wellbore;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic envelope curve;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the comparison of the original reflected wave amplitude with the corrected amplitude;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of the amplitude eccentricity correction of the reflected wave;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an amplitude eccentricity correction apparatus for ultrasonic logging, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a method for amplitude eccentricity correction for ultrasonic logging, according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the method comprising the steps of:
step S301, obtaining logging data generated by the logging instrument in a preset depth interval.
In this embodiment, the logging tool may be, for example, an ultrasonic imaging logging tool, and during logging, as shown in fig. 4, an ultrasonic imaging logging tool 402 is located in a borehole 401 filled with mud, and a formation is located outside the borehole 401. The ultrasonic imaging logging tool 402 is provided with two ultrasonic transducers, wherein one ultrasonic transducer is an ultrasonic transducer 405, the ultrasonic transducer is arranged parallel to the borehole wall, continuously transmits ultrasonic signals to the borehole wall, and is used for evaluating the geological structure types of the borehole inner wall, such as cracks, layer interfaces, holes and the like, by measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic signals on the surface of the borehole wall or imaging in time. Another ultrasonic transducer is a mud sound velocity meter 404, which is arranged on the side of the well wall and emits ultrasonic waves to the right above, a reflecting block 403 is fixedly arranged at a position such as an L position right above the mud sound velocity meter 404, the reflecting block 403 may be a steel plate, for example, and the ultrasonic waves are reflected back to be received by the mud sound velocity meter 404 after being incident on the reflecting block 403. The above is an example, and the specific implementation can be set according to the implementation, and is not limited herein.
The preset depth interval can be set according to the actual conditions of different well logging, a well logging instrument is placed in the preset depth interval of a well, and well logging data generated in the preset depth interval are obtained, wherein the well logging data comprise mud pulse reflection echo data, well bore inner wall reflection echo amplitude and arrival time data. Such as mud sound velocity meter and ultrasonic transducer in logging instrument, to obtain mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and time data.
Step S302, according to the mud pulse reflection echo data, extracting and obtaining the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of the first wave peak value of the primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of the second wave peak value of the secondary reflection echo, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor.
The mud pulse reflection echo data obtained by measurement of the mud sound velocity meter is subjected to Hibert transformation, for example, to obtain a corresponding envelope curve, as shown in fig. 5, a thick line is an envelope curve, and a thin line is a mud pulse signal. The horizontal axis is the time axis in microseconds and the vertical axis is the amplitude axis in millivolts. The first and second reflected echo signals of the ultrasonic pulse, such as the first reflected echo and the second reflected echo pointed by the arrows in fig. 5, can be extracted according to the envelope curve, and the signal amplitude and the first time-to-time data of the first peak value of the first reflected echo and the signal amplitude and the second time-to-time data of the second peak value of the second reflected echo are correspondingly extracted. The first arrival time data is the arrival time corresponding to the first reflected back peak in fig. 5, and the second arrival time data is the arrival time corresponding to the second reflected back peak in fig. 5.
When calculating and determining the propagation time of the mud pulse signal incident to the reflection block, the propagation time T may be calculated and determined according to the difference between the second arrival-time data T2 and the first arrival-time data T1, for example, the propagation time T = (T2-T1)/2. The distance L between the logging instrument and the reflection block is the distance L between the mud sound velocity meter and the reflection block, and the distance L can be known when the logging instrument is set. The propagation speed V of the ultrasonic wave in the mud can be calculated according to the propagation time T and the distance L, and the propagation speed V = L/T.
Ultrasonic signals emitted by ultrasonic waves are incident on obstacles such as well walls and then reflected, and the emitted ultrasonic wavesThe amplitude of the sound wave signal can be attenuated according to the propagation distance of the sound wave signal in the mud, and the amplitude of the reflected and received ultrasonic wave signal has a correlation relation with the amplitude, the propagation distance and the like of the transmitted ultrasonic wave signal. Specifically, if A0 is the signal amplitude during ultrasonic emission, P0 is the signal amplitude when the ultrasonic wave reaches the borehole wall after propagating in the mud for x distance after emission, and P0= A0 × e -ax . Here, a is an attenuation factor. Pr is the signal amplitude when P0 is reflected from the borehole wall. When the ultrasonic wave is reflected on the well wall, energy loss exists at an interface, the relation between P0 and Pr is R = Pr/P0, R is a sound pressure reflection coefficient, and Pr = A0R e is obtained -ax . A1 is the received ultrasonic signal amplitude (i.e. the signal amplitude of the first peak), pr is the received signal amplitude after propagating x distance, A1= Pr × e -ax =A0*R *e -2ax . That is, the ultrasonic transducer receives the received ultrasonic signal finally, and the ultrasonic signal has loss caused by not only the propagation path but also the borehole wall reflection. The acoustic pressure reflection coefficient, R, is related to the reflection interface, and the mud density, ρ, in each borehole can be determined from the drilling fluid. Acoustic impedance Z1, Z1= ρ V of the slurry is obtained from the propagation velocity V and the slurry density ρ. The acoustic impedance Z2 of the reflection block may be determined according to the material of the reflection block, for example, the reflection block is made of steel plate, and the acoustic impedance Z2 of the reflection block may be made of steel, for example, 47.6Mrayls. According to the acoustic impedance Z1 of the mud and the acoustic impedance Z2 of the reflection block, a sound pressure reflection coefficient R can be calculated. R = (Z2-Z1)/(Z2 + Z1).
In this embodiment, since A0 is difficult to accurately obtain in practical application, the ultrasonic wave will continue to be reflected for the second time after being incident on the reflection block, and then continue to be received by the ultrasonic transducer. Thus, the mud attenuation factor can be determined using the primary and secondary reflected echoes, i.e., the signal amplitude of the first peak value, the signal amplitude of the second peak value. The signal amplitude A1 of the first peak value and the signal amplitude A2 of the second peak value have a relationship of A2= A1 × R × e -2ax . Here, considering that the distance is not accurately measured in practical application, the distance is proportional to the propagation time T, and the propagation time T can be accurately known by the logging instrument. The attenuation is caused by the medium of mud, and the mud attenuation factor can be adoptedAnd mu, deforming the calculation formula of A2 based on the propagation time and the mud attenuation factor to obtain A2= A1 × R × e -T/μ 。
The mud attenuation factor can be determined according to the propagation time T, the signal amplitude A1 of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude A2 of the second wave peak value and the propagation speed V. Specifically, the signal amplitude of the first peak value and the signal amplitude of the second peak value may be extracted from the envelope curve, for example, the signal amplitude of the first peak value is A1, and the signal amplitude of the second peak value is A2. And calculating the mud attenuation factor mu according to the propagation time T, the signal amplitude A1 of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude A2 of the second wave peak value and the sound pressure reflection coefficient R. μ = -T/ln (A2/(A1 × R)).
Step S303, aiming at any depth point in a preset depth area, obtaining the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude in a preset window length range above and below the depth point, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; and performing amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at the depth point according to the depth correction factor.
And calculating a depth correction factor of the depth point according to the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole in the upper and lower preset window length ranges of the depth point aiming at any depth point in the preset depth area. The depth correction factors of each depth point are obtained by calculation according to the reflection echo amplitudes of the borehole inner wall in the upper and lower preset window length ranges of the respective depth point. Specifically, arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of a plurality of depth points in different positions (for example, different positions of a borehole 360 degrees) in a preset window length range above and below the depth point is obtained, for example, the depth point is 3887m, the preset window length range is 4m, and arrival time data of the plurality of acquisition points of the depth points 3883m-3891m in different positions are obtained. And calculating a depth Correction factor Correction of the depth point according to arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of the depth points in different directions and the mud attenuation factor.
In the formula (1), M is a depth point for amplitude correction, time (θ, M) is an azimuth θ, arrival Time data of a reflected wave of the depth point M, and μ is a mud attenuation factor. N is N acquisition points corresponding to different circumferential directions of the logging instrument, and the end is the end acquisition points within the preset window length range when the depth point is subjected to amplitude correction. Wherein the depth correction factor for the depth point M is calculated based on the above formula. When a depth point is changed, the depth correction factor corresponding to the changed depth point needs to be recalculated based on the above formula.
After the depth Correction factor Correction is obtained through calculation, according to the depth Correction factor Correction of the depth point, the mud attenuation factor mu and arrival time data of the depth point in the preset direction, amplitude Correction is performed on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of the depth point in the preset direction, and the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo corrected in the preset direction of the depth point is obtained, for example, amplitude Correction is performed by using the following formula:
Ampc（θ）=Amp（θ）*e （Time（θ）/μ） /Correction（2）
in the formula (2), ampc (θ) is an amplitude value of the azimuth θ after amplitude correction, and Amp (θ) is an amplitude value of a reflected wave of the azimuth θ obtained based on the logging instrument. Time (θ) is the arrival Time data of the reflected wave of azimuth θ.
As shown in fig. 6, a diagram of the amplitude of the echo reflected by the inner wall of the borehole at the depth point 3886m and the corrected amplitude is shown, where the solid line is the original amplitude of the well logging using the logging instrument, and the dotted line is the corrected amplitude. The horizontal axis represents angles in different directions, and the unit is degree; the vertical axis represents the respective amplitude values in millivolts. In fig. 6, the results before and after the amplitude correction of the reflection echo of the inner wall of the borehole at the depth point 3886m are compared, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the amplitude values measured at different angles before the correction have a large variation degree, and the amplitude values at different angles after the correction are relatively stable.
And S304, judging whether the amplitudes of the borehole inner wall reflection echoes of all depth points in the preset depth area are subjected to amplitude correction.
After completing amplitude correction on one depth point, continuing to perform amplitude correction on the next depth point, for example, after performing amplitude correction on the 3887m depth point, continuing to perform amplitude correction on the 3888m depth point, and performing amplitude correction on different depth points by using different depth correction factors. Judging whether the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of each depth point in the preset depth area is subjected to amplitude correction, if not, repeatedly executing the step S303 until the amplitude correction of the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of each depth point in the preset depth area is completed; if yes, step S305 is executed to restore the ultrasonic imaging curve based on the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitudes of the depth points at which the amplitude correction is completed.
Specifically, when amplitude correction is performed on the depth points, the depth correction is performed from the minimum depth of the preset depth area according to the size of each depth point of the preset depth area in a sequence from small to large, the amplitude correction is performed on the depth points, whether the maximum depth of the preset depth area is the maximum depth or not is judged, if not, the next depth point of the depth point is obtained, and the amplitude correction is continuously performed until the amplitude correction is performed on the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the well bore of each depth point of the preset depth area; or starting amplitude correction from the maximum depth of the preset depth area, finishing amplitude correction on the depth point, judging whether the minimum depth of the preset depth area exists, if not, acquiring the previous depth point of the depth point, and continuing amplitude correction until the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of each depth point of the preset depth area is finished to perform amplitude correction. The above is an example, and is set according to the implementation, and is not limited herein.
And S305, obtaining an ultrasonic imaging curve with corrected amplitude according to the corrected borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of each depth point in the preset depth area.
And generating an amplitude-corrected ultrasonic imaging curve corresponding to the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of each depth point in the corrected preset depth area, as shown in fig. 7. In fig. 7, the first column is the ultrasonic signal curve trace measured by a mud sound velocity meter at each depth point in a preset depth region, such as 3883m-3891m, the second column is the original reflected wave amplitude imaging curve obtained from the original data of the logging instrument, the third column is the reflected wave time imaging curve, the fourth column is the reflected wave time imaging curve, and the fifth column is the imaging curve based on the corrected reflected wave amplitude. The waveform curve track of the first ultrasonic signal shows that the waveform has two wave packets which are the primary and secondary reflection echo signals of the ultrasonic wave at the reflection block in turn. As can be seen from comparison of the amplitude imaging curves of the third column and the fifth column, due to the fact that the eccentricity of the logging instrument causes the problem that the amplitude of the original reflected wave of the third column is strong and weak during imaging, the reflection amplitude imaging curves after the fifth column is corrected are obviously improved, the amplitude images are uniform, and acquisition of geological structure information of the stratum is facilitated.
According to the amplitude eccentricity correction method for ultrasonic logging, provided by the embodiment of the invention, logging data of a logging instrument in a preset depth interval are obtained, a mud attenuation factor is calculated, and the amplitude of a reflected echo on the inner wall of a borehole is subjected to eccentricity correction to obtain an ultrasonic amplitude imaging curve of the preset depth interval after the integral eccentricity correction, so that the problem of uneven brightness of an imaging curve image caused by the eccentricity of the logging instrument is solved.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an amplitude eccentricity correction apparatus for ultrasonic logging according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus includes:
the obtaining module 810 is adapted to obtain logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; the logging data comprises mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and arrival time data;
the extraction calculation module 820 is adapted to extract and obtain the signal amplitude of the first wave peak value and the first arrival time data of the primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude of the second wave peak value and the second arrival time data of the secondary reflection echo according to the mud pulse reflection echo data, and calculate and obtain a mud attenuation factor;
the correction module 830 is adapted to obtain, for any depth point in the preset depth region, the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitudes of the depth point in the upper and lower preset window length ranges, and calculate a depth correction factor of the depth point; carrying out amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of the depth point according to the depth correction factor; and repeatedly executing the correction module 830 until the amplitude of the echo reflected by the inner wall of the borehole at each depth point in the preset depth area is corrected, so as to obtain an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction.
Optionally, the extraction calculation module 820 is further adapted to:
calculating and determining the propagation time of the mud pulse signal incident to the reflection block; the propagation time is determined according to the first arrival time data and the second arrival time data;
calculating the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the slurry according to the propagation time and the distance between the logging instrument and the reflecting block;
and calculating and determining the mud attenuation factor according to the propagation time, the signal amplitude of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude of the second wave peak value and the propagation speed.
Optionally, the extraction calculation module 820 is further adapted to:
and calculating and determining the propagation time according to the difference value of the second arrival time data and the first arrival time data.
Optionally, the extraction calculation module 820 is further adapted to:
obtaining the acoustic impedance of the slurry according to the propagation speed and the slurry density;
calculating to obtain a sound pressure reflection coefficient according to the acoustic impedance of the slurry and the acoustic impedance of the reflection block;
and calculating to obtain the mud attenuation factor according to the propagation time, the signal amplitude of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude of the second wave peak value and the sound pressure reflection coefficient.
Optionally, the correction module 830 is further adapted to:
aiming at any depth point in a preset depth area, acquiring arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of a plurality of depth points in different directions within a preset window length range above and below the depth point;
calculating a depth correction factor of the depth point according to arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of the depth points in different directions and the mud attenuation factor;
and according to the depth correction factor of the depth point, the mud attenuation factor and the arrival time data of the depth point in the preset direction, carrying out amplitude correction on the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of the depth point in the preset direction to obtain the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of the depth point corrected in the preset direction.
Optionally, the correction module 830 is further adapted to:
judging whether the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo of each depth point in the preset depth area is subjected to amplitude correction or not;
if not, repeating the correction module until the amplitude correction is carried out on the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole at each depth point of the preset depth area;
if yes, obtaining an ultrasonic imaging curve with corrected amplitude according to the corrected borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of each depth point in the preset depth area.
Optionally, different depth points have different depth correction factors.
The descriptions of the modules refer to the corresponding descriptions in the method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a nonvolatile computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction can execute the amplitude eccentricity correction method of the ultrasonic logging in any method embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a specific embodiment of the present invention does not limit a specific implementation of the computing device.
As shown in fig. 9, the computing device may include: a processor 902, a communication interface 904, a memory 906, and a communication bus 908.
Processor 902, communication interface 904, and memory 906 communicate with one another via a communication bus 908.
A communication interface 904 for communicating with network elements of other devices, such as clients or other servers.
The processor 902, configured to execute the program 910, may specifically execute the relevant steps in the above-described embodiment of the method for correcting amplitude eccentricity in ultrasonic logging.
In particular, the program 910 may include program code that includes computer operating instructions.
The processor 902 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The computing device includes one or more processors, which may be the same type of processor, such as one or more CPUs; or may be different types of processors such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.
A memory 906 for storing a program 910. The memory 906 may comprise high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
The routine 910 may be specifically configured to cause the processor 902 to perform a method of amplitude eccentricity correction for ultrasonic logging in any of the method embodiments described above. The specific implementation of each step in the procedure 910 may refer to the corresponding steps and corresponding descriptions in the units in the above-mentioned amplitude eccentricity correction embodiment of ultrasonic logging, which are not described herein again. It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and modules may refer to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The algorithms or displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such a system is apparent from the description above. In addition, embodiments of the present invention are not directed to any particular programming language. It is appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of embodiments of the present invention as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose preferred embodiments of the invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that is, the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
Various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components according to embodiments of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention may also be embodied as device or system programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing embodiments of the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website, or provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Embodiments of the invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several systems, several of these systems can be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the order of execution unless specified otherwise.
Claims (10)
1. An amplitude eccentricity correction method for ultrasonic logging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; the logging data comprise mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and time-of-arrival data;
extracting and calculating, namely extracting and obtaining the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of a first wave peak value of a primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of a second wave peak value of a secondary reflection echo according to mud pulse reflection echo data, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor;
a correction step, aiming at any depth point in the preset depth area, obtaining the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude in the upper and lower preset window length ranges of the depth point, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; according to the depth correction factor, amplitude correction is carried out on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at the depth point; and repeatedly executing the correction step until the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at each depth point of the preset depth area is corrected, so as to obtain an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting step further comprises:
calculating and determining the propagation time of the mud pulse signal incident to the reflection block; the propagation time is determined from the first arrival time data and the second arrival time data;
calculating the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the slurry according to the propagation time and the distance between the logging instrument and the reflecting block;
and calculating and determining a mud attenuation factor according to the propagation time, the signal amplitude of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude of the second wave peak value and the propagation speed.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the computationally determining a travel time for the mud pulse signal to be incident on the reflection block further comprises:
and calculating and determining the propagation time according to the difference value of the second arrival time data and the first arrival time data.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a mud attenuation factor from the travel time, signal amplitude of the first peak, signal amplitude of the second peak, and travel velocity calculations further comprises:
obtaining the acoustic impedance of the slurry according to the propagation speed and the density of the slurry;
calculating to obtain a sound pressure reflection coefficient according to the acoustic impedance of the slurry and the acoustic impedance of the reflection block;
and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor according to the propagation time, the signal amplitude of the first wave peak value, the signal amplitude of the second wave peak value and the sound pressure reflection coefficient.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the correcting step further comprises:
aiming at any depth point in the preset depth area, acquiring arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of a plurality of depth points in different directions in a range of a preset window length above and below the depth point;
calculating a depth correction factor of the depth point according to arrival time data of a plurality of acquisition points of the depth points in different directions and the mud attenuation factor;
and according to the depth correction factor and the mud attenuation factor of the depth point and the arrival time data of the depth point in the preset direction, carrying out amplitude correction on the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of the depth point in the preset direction to obtain the borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of the depth point corrected in the preset direction.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the correcting step further comprises:
judging whether the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at each depth point in the preset depth area is subjected to amplitude correction or not;
if not, repeating the correction step until the amplitude correction is carried out on the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole at each depth point of the preset depth area;
and if so, obtaining an ultrasonic imaging curve after amplitude correction according to the corrected borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude of each depth point of the preset depth area.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein different depth points have different depth correction factors.
8. An amplitude eccentricity correction device for ultrasonic logging, the device comprising:
the acquisition module is suitable for acquiring logging data generated by a logging instrument in a preset depth interval; the logging data comprise mud pulse reflection echo data, borehole inner wall reflection echo amplitude and time-of-arrival data;
the extraction calculation module is suitable for extracting and obtaining the signal amplitude and the first arrival time data of a first wave peak value of a primary reflection echo and the signal amplitude and the second arrival time data of a second wave peak value of a secondary reflection echo according to mud pulse reflection echo data, and calculating to obtain a mud attenuation factor;
the correction module is suitable for acquiring the reflection echo amplitude of the inner wall of the borehole in a preset window length range above and below a depth point aiming at any depth point in the preset depth area, and calculating to obtain a depth correction factor of the depth point; according to the depth correction factor, carrying out amplitude correction on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at the depth point; and repeatedly executing the correction module until the amplitude correction is completed on the amplitude of the borehole inner wall reflection echo at each depth point of the preset depth area, so as to obtain an ultrasonic imaging curve after the amplitude correction.
9. A computing device, comprising: the system comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the communication bus;
the memory is configured to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform operations corresponding to the method of amplitude eccentricity correction for ultrasonic logging of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer storage medium having stored thereon at least one executable instruction for causing a processor to perform operations corresponding to the method of amplitude eccentricity correction for ultrasonic logging as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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