CN115144237A - Large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device and a manufacturing method, wherein the manufacturing device comprises an auxiliary cylinder, a supporting rod, and a reaction plate, an expansion piece and a force transmission plate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the reaction plate is arranged on the supporting rod; and a pressing piece for pressing down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the auxiliary cylinder. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device and method provided by the invention can complete large-diameter thin-wall cylinder soil-entering operation under the condition of minimal disturbance of foundation soil in a normal gravity field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical centrifugal model tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method for manufacturing a large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model.
Background
The geotechnical centrifugal model test provides a supergravity field with the same stress level as the prototype for the model through the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal machine, thereby reproducing the stress-strain characteristic of the prototype, and intuitively adopting a small model with reduced scale to truly reflect the prototype working condition in the supergravity field. The geotechnical centrifugal model test technology, as an advanced physical model test method, has become one of the most effective technical means in geotechnical engineering problem research taking self weight as a main load. The preparation of the geotechnical centrifugal model provides model design and manufacturing principles in relevant documents such as Port engineering centrifugal model test technical Specification JTS/T231-7-2013, but specific solutions are few aiming solutions for specific problems.
The plug-in large cylinder is a bottomless thin-wall structure, has better adaptability to the environment of deep soft soil foundation, can well exert the bearing capacity of soft clay through the complex interaction between the plug-in section cylinder and soil, and has wide application prospect; the diameter of a large on-site cylinder structure often reaches dozens of meters or even dozens of meters, through a centrifugal model test, a model with the diameter of dozens of centimeters can reproduce the prototype working condition, but the cylinder structure after the reduction is often thinner, only less than 0.5mm, and the difficulty in model preparation is increased. In principle, the process of burying the thin-wall cylinder into the soil should be carried out in the high gravity field environment of the operation of a centrifugal machine, but the method has great difficulty and is not reported at present; the soil-entering operation of the existing large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is manually completed under the condition of 1g gravity.
The large-diameter cylinder after being reduced in size belongs to a thin-wall curved surface structure, is easy to generate flexural deformation, and cannot be independently inserted into soil, so that the difficulty of model manufacture mainly lies in how to reduce foundation disturbance in the soil inserting process of the thin-wall cylinder under the condition of a normal gravity field to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the thin-wall cylinder structure is ensured not to generate flexural deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model, aiming at the defects, and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model can be used for completing the operation of entering the soil under the condition of minimal disturbance of foundation soil in a normal gravity field.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device, which comprises an auxiliary cylinder, a supporting rod, and a reaction plate, an expansion piece and a force transmission plate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the reaction plate is arranged on the supporting rod; and a pressing piece for pressing down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is arranged on the wall of the auxiliary cylinder.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, when in use, the auxiliary cylinder is in clearance fit with the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder, and the lower part of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder extends out of the auxiliary cylinder; the bottom end of the pressing piece is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, when in use, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder is positioned in the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder; the pressing piece is arranged on the outer side of the wall of the auxiliary cylinder.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder is provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust hole.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the pressing piece is in the shape of an arc, and the radian of the pressing piece is consistent with that of the wall of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder; or the pressing piece is in a circular ring shape, and the inner wall of the pressing piece is matched with the outer wall of the auxiliary cylinder.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the wall of the auxiliary cylinder is provided with fixed hole units, and the fixed hole units are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the auxiliary cylinder; the fixed hole unit comprises at least two fixed holes for fixing the pressing piece, and the fixed holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylinder wall.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, both sides of the reaction plate are fixedly connected with cross beams, both ends of each cross beam are provided with through holes, and the through holes of the cross beams are sleeved on the support rods and are fixedly connected with the support rods through fasteners.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a large-diameter thin-walled cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model, which uses the above manufacturing apparatus; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 10) manufacturing a soil layer foundation in the model box;
step 20) determining the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder in the soil foundation, fixing a support rod on a model box, adjusting the height of a reaction plate on the support rod, and fixing the reaction plate on the support rod; installing a telescopic piece and a force transmission plate, so that the force transmission plate is positioned right above the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder;
step 30) placing the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder to an inserting position, and inserting the auxiliary cylinder into the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder from the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder, so that the top end of the auxiliary cylinder is higher than the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder, and the lower part of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder extends out of the auxiliary cylinder; installing a pressing piece on the wall of the auxiliary cylinder so that the bottom end of the pressing piece is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder;
step 40) starting the telescopic piece, wherein the telescopic piece extends downwards to enable the bottom surface of the force transmission plate to be in contact with the top end of the auxiliary cylinder, the auxiliary cylinder is pressed downwards through the reaction plate, the auxiliary cylinder moves downwards, and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is driven to sink into the soil through force transmission of the pressing piece; if the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder reaches a preset value, stopping working; if the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder contacts the surface of the soil layer foundation and the depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder into the soil does not reach a preset value, entering step 50);
step 50) retracting the telescopic piece to the initial position; lifting the auxiliary cylinder upwards to a proper height, disassembling the pressing piece, and installing the pressing piece below the last installation position, so that the bottom end of the pressing piece is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder again; returning to step 40).
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, in the step 30), after the auxiliary cylinder is inserted into the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder from the top end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder, the height of the portion of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder which is not overlapped with the auxiliary cylinder is 1 to 5cm.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the step 50) further includes: the mounting height of the reaction plate on the supporting rod is adjusted downwards.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model. According to the manufacturing device and the manufacturing method provided by the invention, force is not directly applied to the large-diameter thin-wall top cylinder, the auxiliary cylinder is applied with force to press down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder, the action difficulty is reduced, and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is smoothly inserted into the soil. And need not to excavate the soil layer ground, it is little to the disturbance of soil layer ground, improves test precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the invention.
The figure shows that: the device comprises a model box 1, a soil layer foundation 2, a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, an auxiliary cylinder 4, a pressing piece 5, a force transmission plate 6, a jack 7, a reaction plate 8, a supporting rod 9 and a cross beam 10.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device, which comprises an auxiliary cylinder 4, a support rod 9, a reaction plate 8, an expansion piece 7 and a force transmission plate 6, as shown in figure 1. The reaction plate 8 is mounted on a support bar 9, the support bar 9 being used to support the reaction plate 8. Preferably, the support rods 9 have at least four, four corners of the reaction plate 8 are respectively arranged on the four support rods 9, and the reaction plate 8 can be better supported to prevent inclination in use. The telescopic piece 7 is arranged below the reaction plate 8, and the force transfer plate 6 is arranged below the telescopic piece 7. The telescopic piece 7 is telescopic and can drive the force transmission plate 6 to move up and down. The wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is provided with a pressing piece 5, and the pressing piece 5 is used for pressing down and driving the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 to move downwards when the auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards.
The outer diameter, the wall thickness and the length of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 are determined according to the similar principle and the experimental design acceleration, and the friction coefficient of the cylinder soil on the inner side and the outer side of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 is the same as that of the field working condition. The diameter of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is 15-25 cm, the wall thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the length is 20-50 cm. Because the steel cylinder is mostly used on site, the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder model is made of stainless steel, and the elastic modulus of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder model is basically similar to that of the steel used on site. The soil layer foundation 2 is made of soft mucky soil body which is the same as that of the field. The force transmission plate 6, the reaction plate 8 and the pressing piece 5 are all made of aluminum alloy, and the thickness of the force transmission plate 6 and the thickness of the stress plate 8 are 5-8 cm. The telescopic member 7 may be a jack. In order to ensure that the auxiliary cylinder 4 has high hardness and is not easy to deform, the auxiliary cylinder 4 is preferably made of stainless steel, and the wall thickness of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is 2-4 mm.
In use, the support bar 9 is fixedly mounted on the mould box 1 such that the reaction plate 8, the telescopic member 7 and the force transfer plate 6 are located above the mould box 1. The auxiliary cylinder 4 and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 are positioned on the soil foundation 2 in the model box 1 and below the dowel plate 6. The auxiliary cylinder 4 is coaxially arranged with the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 and partially overlapped, the top end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is higher than the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, and the bottom end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 is lower than the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4. The extensible member 7 extends, drives dowel plate 6 and moves down, and dowel plate 6 pushes down supplementary drum 4 for supplementary drum 4 moves down, and supplementary drum 4 pushes down and drives major diameter thin wall drum 3 and move down and insert in soil layer ground 2 gradually through casting die 5.
According to the manufacturing device of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model, the expansion piece 7 extends to drive the force transmission plate 6 to press downwards, static load is applied to the auxiliary cylinder 4, the auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards and drives the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 to slowly penetrate into the soil through the pressing piece 5, and the penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 reaches a preset value. The manufacturing device of the embodiment of the invention does not directly apply force to the large-diameter thin-wall top cylinder 3, and presses down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 by applying force to the auxiliary cylinder 4, thereby reducing the operation difficulty and smoothly finishing the soil-entering operation of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3. The overlapping part of the auxiliary cylinder 4 and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 plays a role in supporting and protecting the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is prevented from being deflected and deformed in the soil entering process. In the process, the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 can be driven into the soil without excavating the soil foundation 2, the disturbance to the soil foundation 2 is small, and the test precision is improved.
Preferably, the auxiliary cylinder 4 is in clearance fit with the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3, and the lower portion of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 extends out of the auxiliary cylinder 4. The bottom end of the pressing piece 5 is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3. The outer diameter of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3. The wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is in contact with the wall of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, and a certain gap is formed between the auxiliary cylinder and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder, and the width of the gap can be less than 0.5 mm. The two are close to fit. This allows the overlapping portion of the auxiliary cylinder 4 and the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 to have a good supporting effect on the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3, preventing or reducing the deformation of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 during the downward movement. Meanwhile, the auxiliary cylinder 4 is in clearance fit with the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, so that the auxiliary cylinder 4 and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 can be easily separated, and the position between the auxiliary cylinder 4 and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 can be conveniently adjusted in the subsequent manufacturing process.
Further preferably, when in use, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is positioned in the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, and the pressing piece 5 is arranged outside the cylinder wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4. The top end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is higher than the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, and the bottom end of a pressing piece 5 arranged on the outer side of the cylinder wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3. The auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards under the pressing action of the force transfer plate 6, and the pressing piece 5 applies downward pressure to the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, so that the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 moves downwards into the soil.
Preferably, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with an exhaust hole. In the preferred embodiment, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4, so that the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder can be better supported, and the stability of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 in the soil-entering process is further ensured. Meanwhile, when the auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards and the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder contacts the upper surface of the soil base 2, the extension of the telescopic piece is conveniently stopped in time, and the auxiliary cylinder 4 is prevented from being inserted into the soil base 2 to disturb the soil layer and being difficult to pull out. The exhaust holes in the bottom plate are used for exhausting gas between the bottom plate and the soil layer in the downward moving process of the auxiliary cylinder 4, so that the downward moving resistance of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is reduced, and the auxiliary cylinder 4 can smoothly drive the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 to move downward. In addition, the gas between the bottom plate and the soil layer is upwards discharged from the exhaust holes of the bottom plate and does not downwards enter the soil layer, and the disturbance to the soil layer is also reduced.
As a preferred example, the pressing piece 5 is in a ring shape, the inner wall of the pressing piece is matched with the outer wall of the auxiliary cylinder, so that the bottom end of the ring-shaped pressing piece 5 is attached to the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, the contact surface is large, the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 is stressed uniformly, and deformation is not easy to occur. Preferably, the pressing piece 5 is in the shape of an arc, and the radian of the pressing piece 5 is consistent with that of the wall of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3. At least two circular-arc-shaped pressing pieces 5 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3. The bottom end of the circular-arc-shaped pressing piece 5 is attached to the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3, so that the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 is uniformly stressed and is not easy to deform.
As a preferred example, at least two fixing holes for fixing the pressing member 5 are formed on the same cross section of the wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4, and the fixing holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4. If the pressing piece 5 is in a ring shape, the pressing piece 5 is fixed on the cylinder wall through fixing holes circumferentially distributed on the cylinder wall. If the pressing pieces are arc-shaped and are provided with a plurality of pressing pieces, the number of the fixing holes is consistent with that of the pressing pieces, and the pressing pieces are fixed on the cylinder wall through the fixing holes respectively. The plurality of fixing holes on the same cross section form a fixing hole unit, and a plurality of groups of fixing hole units are distributed from top to bottom along the height direction of the cylinder wall and used for adjusting the installation height of the pressing piece 5. When in use, all the pressing pieces 5 are positioned on the same cross section, namely fixed on the cylinder wall through the same fixing hole unit. When the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 contacts the upper surface of the soil foundation 2, but the penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 does not reach the preset value, the telescopic piece 7 can be retracted, the auxiliary cylinder is lifted upwards, the pressing piece 5 is detached, the pressing piece 5 is installed below the last installation position, the bottom end of the pressing piece 5 contacts the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 again, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is at a certain distance from the upper surface of the soil foundation, the telescopic piece 7 is extended, and the auxiliary cylinder 4 is pressed downwards to drive the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder to continue to penetrate into the soil. The installation height of the pressing piece 5 is adjusted through the multiple groups of fixing hole units, on the premise that the auxiliary cylinder 4 is not inserted into a soil layer, the pressing piece can be pressed downwards continuously, the insertion depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 reaches a preset value, the limitation of the range of the expansion piece 7 is avoided, the use is convenient, and the structure is simple.
As a preferred example, the two sides of the reaction plate 8 are both provided with a cross beam 10, the two ends of the cross beam 10 are both provided with through holes, and the through holes of the cross beam are sleeved on the support rod 9 and fixed with the support rod 9 through fasteners. The fastener adopts two nuts which are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the cross beam to fix the cross beam on the supporting rod. Compare in directly overlapping reaction plate 8 on bracing piece 9, through setting up the crossbeam for reaction plate 8 whole atress characteristic is more reliable.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model, and the manufacturing device is adopted. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 10) manufacturing a soil foundation 2 in the model box 1.
Step 20) determining the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 in the soil foundation 2, fixing the support rod 9 on the model box 1, adjusting the height of the reaction plate 8 on the support rod 9 according to the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder model 3 and the maximum extension length of the telescopic piece 7, and fixing the reaction plate 8 on the support rod 9. The telescopic member 7 and the force transmission plate 6 are installed so that the force transmission plate 6 is located right above the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3.
Step 30) placing the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 to an insertion position, inserting the auxiliary cylinder 4 into the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 from the top end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 so that the top end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is higher than the top end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 and the lower portion of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 extends out of the auxiliary cylinder 4. And a pressing piece 5 is arranged on the wall of the auxiliary cylinder 4, so that the bottom end of the pressing piece 5 is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3.
And step 40) starting the extensible member 7, wherein the extensible member 7 extends downwards, so that the bottom surface of the force transmission plate 6 is contacted with the top end of the auxiliary cylinder 4, the auxiliary cylinder 4 is pressed downwards through the reaction plate 6, the auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards, and the pressing member 5 transmits force to drive the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 to sink into the soil. And if the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 reaches a preset value, stopping working. And if the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder 4 is contacted with the surface of the soil foundation 2 and the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 does not reach the preset value, the step 50) is carried out.
Step 50) the telescopic element 7 is retracted to the initial position. The auxiliary cylinder 4 is lifted up to a proper height, the pressing member 5 is removed, and the pressing member 5 is mounted below the last mounting position so that the bottom end of the pressing member 5 comes into contact with the top end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 again. Returning to step 40).
According to the manufacturing method of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model in the embodiment, the expansion piece 7 extends to drive the force transmission plate 6 to press downwards, static load is applied to the auxiliary cylinder 4, the auxiliary cylinder 4 moves downwards, and the pressing piece 5 drives the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 to slowly penetrate into the soil until the penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 reaches a preset value. The manufacturing device of the embodiment of the invention does not directly apply force to the large-diameter thin-wall top cylinder 3, and presses down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 by applying force to the auxiliary cylinder 4, thereby reducing the operation difficulty, smoothly completing the soil-entering operation of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 and ensuring that the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder does not generate flexural deformation. The process does not need to excavate the soil layer foundation 2, has small disturbance on the soil layer foundation 2 and improves the test precision. This process is through adjusting the mounting height of casting die 5, under the prerequisite that prevents that supplementary drum 4 from not inserting the soil layer, and sustainable pushing makes major diameter thin wall drum 3 depth of insertion reach the default, does not receive the restriction of 7 ranges of extensible member, convenient to use, simple structure.
Preferably, in step 30), after the auxiliary cylinder 4 is inserted into the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 from the tip end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3, the height of the portion of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 that does not overlap the auxiliary cylinder 4 is 1 to 5cm. Meanwhile, the height of the part of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 which is not overlapped with the auxiliary cylinder 4 determines the depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder 3 which is inserted by starting the telescopic piece for the first time, if the height is set to be too small, the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is not stably inserted into a soil layer, the auxiliary cylinder 4 needs to be lifted up by suspending pressing, and the stable insertion of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder is not facilitated. If the setting is too large, the portion where the auxiliary cylinder 4 overlaps the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 is too small, so that the supporting effect of the auxiliary cylinder 4 on the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder 3 is poor.
As a preferred example, the step 50) further comprises: the mounting height of the reaction plate 8 on the support bar 9 is adjusted downwards.
When the pressing piece is installed at the lowest installation position on the auxiliary cylinder, the telescopic piece 7 is started to enable the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder to contact the surface of the soil foundation, the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder does not reach a preset value, at the moment, the installation height of the reaction plate 8 on the supporting rod 9 is adjusted downwards, and the step 40 is repeated until the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder reaches the preset value.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is also intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model manufacturing device is characterized by comprising an auxiliary cylinder (4), a supporting rod (9), and a reaction plate (8), an expansion piece (7) and a force transmission plate (6) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the reaction plate (8) is arranged on the supporting rod (9); and a pressing piece (5) for pressing down the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) is arranged on the wall of the auxiliary cylinder (4).
2. The geotechnical centrifugal model making device of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in use, the auxiliary cylinder (4) is in clearance fit with the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3), and the lower portion of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) extends out of the auxiliary cylinder (4); the bottom end of the pressing piece (5) is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3).
3. The geotechnical centrifugal model making device of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in use, the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder (4) is located in the inner cavity of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3); the pressing piece (5) is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder wall of the auxiliary cylinder (4).
4. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model making device according to claim 3, wherein a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder (4), and exhaust holes are formed in the bottom plate.
5. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model making device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing piece (5) is arc-shaped, and the radian of the pressing piece (5) is consistent with that of the cylinder wall of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3); or the pressing piece (5) is in a circular ring shape, and the inner wall of the pressing piece (5) is matched with the outer wall of the auxiliary cylinder (4).
6. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model making device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder wall of the auxiliary cylinder (4) is provided with fixed hole units which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the auxiliary cylinder (4); the fixed hole unit comprises at least two fixed holes for fixing the pressing piece (5), and the fixed holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylinder wall.
7. The large-diameter thin-wall cylinder geotechnical centrifugal model making device according to claim 1, wherein two sides of the reaction plate (8) are fixedly connected with cross beams (10), two ends of each cross beam (10) are provided with through holes, and the through holes of the cross beams are sleeved on the support rods (9) and are fixedly connected with the support rods (9) through fasteners.
8. A method for manufacturing a large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model, which is characterized in that a manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1-7 is adopted; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 10), manufacturing a soil layer foundation (2) in the model box (1);
step 20) determining the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) in the soil foundation (2), fixing a support rod (9) on a model box (1), adjusting the height of a reaction plate (8) on the support rod (9), and fixing the reaction plate (8) on the support rod (9); installing a telescopic piece (7) and a force transfer plate (6) to ensure that the force transfer plate (6) is positioned right above the insertion position of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3);
step 30), placing the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) to an inserting position, and inserting the auxiliary cylinder (4) into the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) from the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) so that the top end of the auxiliary cylinder (4) is higher than the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3), and the lower part of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) extends out of the auxiliary cylinder (4); a pressing piece (5) is installed on the wall of the auxiliary cylinder (4), so that the bottom end of the pressing piece (5) is in contact with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3);
step 40), starting the telescopic piece (7), wherein the telescopic piece (7) extends downwards to enable the bottom surface of the force transmission plate (6) to be in contact with the top end of the auxiliary cylinder (4), the auxiliary cylinder (4) is pressed downwards through the reaction plate (6), the auxiliary cylinder (4) moves downwards, force is transmitted through the pressing piece (5), and the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) is driven to sink into the soil; if the depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) into the soil reaches a preset value, the work is stopped; if the bottom end of the auxiliary cylinder (4) contacts the surface of the soil foundation (2) and the soil penetration depth of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) does not reach a preset value, entering step 50);
step 50), retracting the telescopic piece (7) to an initial position; lifting the auxiliary cylinder (4) upwards to a proper height, disassembling the pressing piece (5), and installing the pressing piece (5) below the last installation position, so that the bottom end of the pressing piece (5) is contacted with the top end of the large-diameter thin-wall cylinder (3) again; returning to step 40).
9. The method for manufacturing the large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model according to claim 8, wherein: in the step 30), after the auxiliary cylinder (4) is inserted into the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder (3) from the top end of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder (3), the height of the portion of the large-diameter thin-walled cylinder (3) that does not overlap with the auxiliary cylinder (4) is 1 to 5cm.
10. The method for manufacturing the large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical geotechnical centrifugal model according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the step 50) further comprises: the mounting height of the reaction plate (8) on the support rod (9) is adjusted downwards.
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