CN115140907A - Sewage treatment method and system combining biological contact oxidation and MBR (membrane bioreactor) and microfiltration membrane filtration - Google Patents
Sewage treatment method and system combining biological contact oxidation and MBR (membrane bioreactor) and microfiltration membrane filtration Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out primary treatment on sewage by using a biological contact oxidation device to remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the sewage; then, MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device is used for secondary treatment, and partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater are further removed; thirdly, performing three times of treatment by using a microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device to further remove residual sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater to obtain primary clear water; the primary clean water is disinfected to reach the standard; and pumping part of clear water reaching the standard back to the cleaning biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation and filtration device and the microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device respectively. The invention can reasonably, efficiently and stably treat high-concentration sewage and then discharge the sewage after reaching the standard, has strong purification treatment capability, low system operation cost, easy maintenance, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment methods and treatment systems.
Background
The membrane-bioreactor process, i.e., the MBR process, is a technology combining membrane separation technology with biochemical treatment of sewage, and is also called as a membrane separation activated sludge process. Most of filter media in the membrane bioreactor applied industrially at present are hollow fiber membranes or flat membranes, the pore diameter of the filter media is 0.1-0.4 mu m, active sludge and macromolecular organic matters in a biochemical reaction tank can be retained, the concentration of the active sludge is greatly improved, the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and the Sludge Retention Time (SRT) can be respectively controlled, a secondary sedimentation tank is omitted, the active sludge in the reactor can carry out biodegradation on the organic matters in sewage, the substances which are difficult to degrade can be continuously reacted and degraded in the reaction tank, and the degraded water is filtered by a membrane device to enable the water to reach the standard for recycling or discharging. Therefore, the membrane-bioreactor process greatly strengthens the function of the bioreactor through a membrane separation technology, can obtain clear and up-to-standard treated water at regular intervals, and further has the following advantages:
(1) Due to the interception function of the membrane, the high-concentration microbial biomass is maintained in the reactor, and the biochemical efficiency is improved;
(2) The membrane separation can lead the microorganisms to be completely intercepted in the bioreactor, realize the complete separation of the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and the Sludge Retention Time (SRT) of the bioreactor, and simultaneously realize the short HRT and the long SRT (or the sludge discharge period is long), thereby having the functions of high volume load and strong load impact resistance.
However, the existing membrane-bioreactor process still has some defects, mainly represented by:
(1) In the operation process, the membrane is easy to be polluted, and the reduction rate of the membrane flux is fast. This is because the pore size of the membrane is 0.1 to 0.4 μm, so that particles are deposited on the surface of the membrane, bacteria and macromolecules on the surface of the membrane are adsorbed or enter the membrane material, or the pores of the membrane are blocked. If the water is not cleaned and maintained in time, the water yield is reduced, the effluent quality is unstable and reaches the standard, the service life of the membrane material is shortened, and further, the operation and maintenance management are inconvenient, so that the operation cost is high;
(2) Most of membrane separation materials in the membrane bioreactor applied in the industrialized industry at present are hollow fiber membranes or flat membranes, the membrane aperture of the membrane is 0.1-0.4 μm, taking the flat membranes as an example, the operation flux of membrane reaction element pieces is 10L/square meter, h-50L/square meter, h, obviously, because the water yield of the membrane reaction element pieces is low, the required membrane area quantity is matched in a way that the quantity of the membrane elements is accumulated in direct proportion when the engineering design and the sewage treatment are carried out, namely, the smaller the membrane aperture is, the more the quantity of the membrane elements are increased, the quantity of the membrane elements accumulated into the required membrane area quantity can meet the engineering design and the required water yield (membrane water quantity), so the manufacturing cost and the engineering cost of the membrane separation materials are higher, and the MBR membrane reactor has poor cost performance and prevents the wide application thereof;
(3) In the operation process of the existing membrane bioreactor applied industrially, membranes are easily polluted, the reduction speed of the membrane flux is high, when the membrane flux of a small number of membrane reaction element pieces fails (the operation flux is less than 10L/square meter.h), the failed membrane reaction element pieces cannot be correspondingly replaced into qualified membrane reaction element pieces, because the membrane reaction element pieces have interchangeability, if the membrane reaction element pieces are correspondingly replaced into the qualified membrane reaction element pieces, the whole MBR membrane reaction element needs to be correspondingly replaced into the qualified MBR membrane reaction element pieces, the water yield (membrane water yield) required by engineering design and engineering can be met, and therefore, the maintenance and operation costs and the engineering cost of the membrane separation material are high, and the cost performance of the MBR membrane reactor is poor, thereby hindering the wide application and use value of the MBR membrane reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provide a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system which have low manufacturing cost and low operating cost and can reasonably, efficiently and stably treat high-concentration sewage to reach the standard.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The sewage treatment method combining biological contact oxidation and MBR and microfiltration membrane filtration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating sewage by using a biological contact oxidation device, and performing primary treatment on the sewage through aerobic biochemical reaction, adsorption and filtration to remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater;
s2, performing secondary treatment on the primarily treated sewage by using an MBR (membrane bioreactor) and separation filtering device to further remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater;
s3, performing tertiary treatment on the sewage subjected to the secondary treatment by using a micro-filtration membrane separation and filtration device, and further removing residual sludge and harmful substances in the sewage to obtain primary clear water;
s4, disinfecting the primary clear water to obtain dischargeable clear water reaching the standard;
and S5, respectively pumping part of clear water reaching the standard back to the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device, cleaning the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device, and discharging the cleaned sludge and sewage out of the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device.
The sewage treatment system for realizing the sewage treatment method comprises a sewage adjusting tank, an integrated combined filtering device, a clean water tank, a water inlet pipeline, a lifting water pump, a water outlet pipeline and a cleaning water pipe, wherein the sewage adjusting tank, the integrated combined filtering device and the clean water tank are sequentially arranged;
the integrated combined filtering device comprises a filtering and purifying tank, a first deep well, a mounting frame, an MBR membrane reaction tank, microfiltration membrane filtering tanks, biological reaction devices and a first aeration device, wherein the first deep well is arranged at the front end in the filtering and purifying tank and discharges water from the bottom;
a group of replaceable MBR membrane reaction elements are sequentially arranged in the MBR membrane reaction tank, a second aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the MBR membrane reaction tank, a first liquid level controller is arranged in the MBR membrane reaction tank, and a second deep well which discharges water from the bottom is arranged at the rear part in the MBR membrane reaction tank; the top surface of the tank wall of the MBR membrane reaction tank is lower than the top surface of the tank wall of the filtering and purifying tank, a concave overflow port is arranged at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank, and the top end of the second deep well is tightly attached to the overflow port at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank; the MBR membrane reaction element comprises two first vertical pipes with opposite notches, first screen plates and industrial filter cloth, wherein the first vertical pipes are symmetrically arranged, two ends of each first screen plate are inserted into the notches, the industrial filter cloth is wound on the first screen plates, and gaps are reserved between two ends of the outer surface of each first screen plate and the notches of the first vertical pipes;
the biological reaction device is a group of replaceable filler carrier reaction components arranged on the mounting rack; the filler carrier reaction assembly comprises two symmetrically arranged second vertical pipes with opposite notches, two layers of second screen plates with two ends inserted into the notches, and filler filled in an inner cavity between the two layers of second screen plates, wherein gaps are reserved between the two ends of the outer surfaces of the screen plates and the notches of the second vertical pipes;
a replaceable microfiltration membrane core assembly is arranged in the microfiltration membrane filter tank, water passing holes are distributed on the wall of a separation tank between the microfiltration membrane filter tank and the MBR membrane reaction tank, and water pumping pipelines are inserted at two sides of the microfiltration membrane filter tank and connected with the water outlet pipeline; the micro-filtration membrane core assembly comprises a support framework and industrial filter cloth wound on the support framework;
the cleaning water pipes connected with the clean water tank and the integrated combined filtering device comprise a first group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into first vertical pipes at two sides of an MBR membrane reaction element in two ways, a second group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into second vertical pipes at two sides of a filler carrier reaction component in two ways, and a third group of cleaning water pipes which extend into a supporting framework of the micro-filtration membrane core component after being led out from the clean water tank, wherein a cleaning water pump is arranged on the cleaning water pipes;
the bottom parts of the sewage filtering and purifying tank, the MBR membrane reaction tank and the microfiltration membrane filtering tank are respectively provided with a water outlet and a sludge outlet;
a pressure gauge and a flow meter are arranged on the water outlet pipeline behind the self-priming water pump;
the first aeration device and the second aeration device are respectively connected with a Roots blower through air supply pipelines, and electromagnetic valves are arranged on the air supply pipelines;
the lifting water pump, the self-priming water pump, the cleaning water pump, the pressure gauge, the flow meter, the Roots blower, the electromagnetic valve and the first liquid level controller are all connected with the PLC control system.
And further, a second liquid level controller is arranged in the sewage regulating tank and is connected with the PLC control system.
Furthermore, the pore diameter of a membrane formed by winding industrial filter cloth on the first screen plate of the membrane reaction element in the MBR membrane reaction tank is 15-38 μm.
Furthermore, the aperture of a membrane formed by winding industrial filter cloth on a supporting framework in the microfiltration membrane core assembly in the microfiltration membrane filtration tank is 0.1-15 μm.
The invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the method integrates a biological contact oxidation process, an MBR membrane-biological reaction process and a microfiltration membrane filtration process, sewage is sequentially subjected to continuous and progressive orderly treatment by adopting a biological contact oxidation device, an MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtration device and a microfiltration membrane separation filtration device, and clear water obtained by treatment is disinfected to obtain standard water which can be directly discharged, so that the sewage purification treatment capacity is high, and the treatment efficiency is high; meanwhile, the standard water obtained by self treatment is returned to carry out online cleaning on the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the micro-filtration membrane separation filtering device, and the cleaning water can be treated by the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the micro-filtration membrane separation filtering device, so that a virtuous cycle of sewage treatment and cleaning of treatment equipment is formed, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The sewage treatment system disclosed by the invention is compact in equipment layout and small in occupied area, and particularly, the integrated combined filtering device is used for arranging the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device, the biological contact oxidation device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device in the same filtering and purifying tank, can be made into an integral device and sold as a single device, is easy to realize the modular and standardized construction of the sewage treatment system, reduces the manufacturing cost, and is also easy to expand and reconstruct the original sewage treatment plant.
3. By adopting the sewage treatment system, sewage is sequentially treated and filtered by the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the micro-filtration membrane separation filtering device, particularly the biological contact oxidation device is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device, the micro-filtration membrane separation filtering device is respectively arranged at the front side and the back side of the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device, and the two groups of aeration devices are arranged, so that the flowing path of the sewage is prolonged in a compact layout space, the mass transfer process and the action effect are enhanced, the contact between a biological membrane and the sewage is enhanced, the transfer of organic matters from the sewage to microbial cells is accelerated, the microbial inhabitation and propagation area in integrated treatment equipment or a basic unit volume can be greatly improved, the oxygenation capacity of the sewage is improved, and the sewage purification capacity and purification effect are greatly improved.
4. The MBR membrane reaction element of the MBR membrane bioreaction and separation filtering device, the filler carrier reaction component of the biological contact oxidation device and the micro-filtration membrane core component of the micro-filtration membrane separation filtering device can be replaced, the installation and the disassembly are simple, the overhaul and the maintenance are convenient, and the operation efficiency of a sewage treatment system can be improved.
5. The MBR membrane reaction element, the filler carrier reaction component and the microfiltration membrane core assembly disclosed by the invention are scientific and reasonable in structural design, and can be efficiently cleaned by being matched with a reasonable and efficient cleaning system, so that the running time of the MBR membrane reaction element, the filler carrier reaction component and the microfiltration membrane core assembly is prolonged, the shutdown maintenance is reduced, and the running cost is reduced.
6. The invention effectively solves the problems and difficulties that the sludge treatment component of the existing sewage treatment system is easy to be polluted and difficult to maintain, and the MBR membrane reaction element and the microfiltration membrane core component have high manufacturing cost, overhigh system operation cost and the like, so that the treated water quality is better, the sewage treatment capacity is stronger, the system is kept to always stably reach the standard and output water, the operation and the maintenance are more convenient, and the automatic control of the whole treatment process is realized. Is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized sewage treatment plants which have serious water pollution but small treatment capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydroelectric control of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic elevation view of the integrated composite filtration unit of FIG. 3 taken along A-A of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an integrated composite filtration device;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of the integrated composite filtration device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the MBR membrane reaction element configuration;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a microfiltration membrane core assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the separation tank wall between the microfiltration membrane filtration tank and the MBR membrane reaction tank;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a purge line arrangement.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by the accompanying drawings.
The sewage treatment method combining biological contact oxidation and MBR and microfiltration membrane filtration is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly feeding sewage in a sewage regulating tank into a biological contact oxidation device for biological contact oxidation treatment, and carrying out primary treatment on the sewage through aerobic biochemical reaction, adsorption and filtration to remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater;
s2, enabling the sewage subjected to primary treatment to enter an MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device to perform MBR membrane-biological reaction, finishing secondary treatment, and further removing partial sludge and harmful substances in the sewage;
s3, enabling the sewage subjected to secondary treatment to enter a microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device for microfiltration membrane filtration treatment, and deeply removing residual sludge and harmful substances in the sewage to obtain primary clear water;
s4, sterilizing the primary clear water to obtain dischargeable clear water reaching the standard;
s5, as shown in figure 2, pumping part of clear water reaching the standard back to the biological contact oxidation device 6, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation and filtration device 12.1 and the microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device 13.1 respectively, cleaning the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation and filtration device and the microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device, discharging the cleaned sludge and sewage out of the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation and filtration device and the microfiltration membrane separation and filtration device, and returning the discharged cleaned sewage back to the sewage regulating tank 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sewage treatment system for implementing the sewage treatment method of the present invention comprises a sewage adjusting tank 1, an integrated combined filter device, a clean water tank 17, a water inlet pipeline 9 connecting the sewage adjusting tank and the integrated combined filter device, a lift water pump 2 disposed on the water inlet pipeline and located in the sewage adjusting tank 1, a water outlet pipeline 11 connecting the integrated combined filter device and the clean water tank and provided with a self-priming water pump 14, and a cleaning water pipe connecting the clean water tank and the integrated combined filter device.
The integrated combined filter device is shown in fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, and comprises a filtering and purifying tank 4, a first deep well 7 which is arranged at the front end in the filtering and purifying tank and is used for discharging water from the bottom, a mounting frame 5 arranged in the filtering and purifying tank, an MBR membrane reaction tank 12 arranged at the middle position of the mounting frame, microfiltration membrane filter tanks 13 symmetrically arranged at the front and the back of the MBR membrane reaction tank, biological reaction devices 6 respectively arranged at the front end and the back end of the MBR membrane reaction tank, and a first aeration device 8 arranged at the bottom of the filtering and purifying tank, wherein the water outlet end of a water inlet pipeline 9 is inserted into the first deep well 7. The first aeration device is a device in the prior art, and an air supply pipe of the first aeration device is connected with a Roots blower. The tank wall top surface of the MBR membrane reaction tank 12 is lower than the tank wall top surface of the filtering and purifying tank 4, and a concave overflow port is arranged at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank.
A group of replaceable MBR membrane reaction elements 12.1 are sequentially arranged in the MBR membrane reaction tank 12, a second aeration device 12.2 is arranged at the bottom of the tank, a first liquid level controller 12.6 is arranged in the tank, and a second deep well 12.3 which discharges water from the bottom is arranged at the rear part in the MBR membrane reaction tank. The top end of the second deep well is tightly attached to an overflow port at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank. The second aeration device is a device in the prior art, and an air supply pipe of the second aeration device is connected with a Roots blower. The MBR membrane reaction tank can be made of steel.
The MBR membrane reaction element 12.1 comprises a first vertical pipe 12.1.1 with two symmetrically arranged notches opposite to each other, a first screen plate 12.1.2 with two ends inserted into the notches, and industrial filter cloth wound on the first screen plate, wherein the pore diameter of a membrane formed by winding the industrial filter cloth on the first screen plate is 15-38 mu m, as shown in FIG. 7. A gap is reserved between two ends of the outer surface of the first screen plate and a notch of the first vertical pipe, when MBR membrane reaction elements need to be cleaned, the cleaning system is started through the PLC control system, cleaning water is injected into the first vertical pipes on two sides of the first screen plate through cleaning pipelines, water is sprayed out from the gap, industrial filter cloth and the first screen plate are washed from two sides, and the function of cleaning the MBR membrane reaction elements periodically on line or off line is achieved. The MBR membrane reaction element is integrally a plate-shaped element, is vertically arranged in the MBR membrane reaction tank at equal intervals, and the two sides of the MBR membrane reaction element are inserted into the front tank wall and the rear tank wall of the MBR membrane reaction tank. As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 7, vertical square pipes may be welded to the front and rear walls of the MBR membrane reaction tank in pairs, and a slot into which the MBR membrane reaction element is inserted may be formed between the two square pipes. The MBR membrane reaction element can be conveniently inserted into or taken out of the MBR membrane reaction tank. Vertical grooves for inserting MBR membrane reaction elements can be directly machined on the wall of the MBR membrane reaction tank.
The biological reaction device 6 is a group of replaceable filler carrier reaction components arranged on the mounting rack 5. The filler carrier reaction assembly is shown in fig. 5 and comprises two symmetrically arranged second vertical pipes 6.1 with opposite notches, two layers of second screen plates 6.2 with two ends inserted into the notches, and filler filled between the two layers of second screen plates, wherein gaps are reserved between the two ends of the outer surfaces of the screen plates and the notches of the second vertical pipes. When the filler carrier reaction assembly needs to be cleaned, the cleaning system is started through the PLC control system, cleaning water is injected into the second vertical pipes on two sides of the second screen plate through the cleaning pipelines, water is sprayed out from the gap, the second screen plate and the filler are washed from two sides, and the function of cleaning the filler carrier reaction assembly periodically and off-line is achieved. The filler filled in the inner cavity between the two second net plates can adopt biological reaction fillers with adsorption and filtration functions, such as activated carbon, ceramsite, stainless steel tennis balls, carbon fibers and the like. The whole packing carrier reaction element is also a plate-shaped element and is inserted on the mounting frame at equal intervals. As shown in fig. 5, vertical square pipes may be welded in pairs on the mounting frame, and a slot for inserting the packing carrier reaction element may be formed between the two square pipes.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, a replaceable microfiltration membrane core assembly 13.1 is arranged in the microfiltration membrane filtration tank 13, and as shown in fig. 9, water passing holes 12.5 are distributed on a separation tank wall 12.4 between the microfiltration membrane filtration tank and the MBR membrane reaction tank. And water pumping pipelines 13.2 are inserted at two sides of the microfiltration membrane filter tank and are connected with the water outlet pipeline 11. As shown in FIG. 8, the microfiltration membrane core assembly 13.1 comprises a support framework 13.1.1 and an industrial filter cloth 13.1.2 wound on the support framework, wherein the pore diameter of a membrane formed by winding the industrial filter cloth on the support framework is 0.1-15 μm. As shown in fig. 8, the supporting framework is a rectangular hollow frame, which is convenient for water passing and cleaning. Because the residual sludge and impurities in the water entering the microfiltration membrane filter tank are less, the microfiltration membrane core assembly is formed by the hollow support framework and the industrial filter cloth wound on the support framework, so that the residual waste and impurities in the water can be deeply filtered, smooth water passing can be ensured, and the water treatment efficiency is improved. The cleaning water pipe is directly inserted into the hollow supporting framework, and the micro-filtration membrane core assembly can be directly washed. The microfiltration membrane core assembly can be directly and vertically placed in a microfiltration membrane filter tank, and can be directly taken out when needing to be replaced and maintained.
As shown in fig. 2 and 10, the cleaning water pipes connecting the clean water tank and the integrated combined filter device include a first group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into first vertical pipes 12.1.1 at two sides of an MBR membrane reaction element 12.1 in two ways, a second group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into second vertical pipes 6.1 at two sides of a filler carrier reaction assembly in two ways, and a third group of cleaning water pipes which extend into a support framework 13.1.1 of a microfiltration membrane core assembly 13.1 after being led out from the clean water tank, and a cleaning water pump 20 is arranged on the cleaning water pipes. The cleaning water pipe is not shown in fig. 3 and 4 so as not to affect the expression of the integrated composite filter device.
The biological reaction device 6, the MBR membrane reaction tank 12 and the microfiltration membrane filter tank 13 are all arranged on the mounting frame 5, the mounting frame supports the biological reaction device 6, the MBR membrane reaction tank 12 and the microfiltration membrane filter tank 13 in a suspension manner, and a channel for flowing of sewage is formed between the bottoms of the biological reaction device, the MBR membrane reaction tank and the microfiltration membrane filter tank and the bottom of the filtering and purifying tank.
And a water outlet and a sludge outlet are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the sewage filtering and purifying tank 4, the MBR membrane reaction tank 12 and the microfiltration membrane filtering tank 13. The water outlet discharges the cleaning water, and the cleaning water returns to the sewage adjusting tank 1 and enters the integrated combined filtering device again for treatment, so that the sewage is circularly treated and utilized. The sludge discharge port is used for discharging sludge deposited at the bottom of the tank to a sludge tank and cleaning the sludge periodically.
A pressure gauge 15 and a flow meter 16 are arranged on the water outlet pipeline 11 behind the self-priming water pump 14.
The first aeration device 8 and the second aeration device 12.2 are respectively connected with a Roots blower 10 through air supply pipelines, and electromagnetic valves 18 are respectively arranged on the air supply pipelines. The lifting water pump 2, the self-priming water pump 14, the cleaning water pump 20, the pressure gauge 15, the flow meter 16, the Roots blower 10, the electromagnetic valve 18 and the first liquid level controller 12.6 are all connected with the PLC control system 19. A second liquid level controller 3 can be arranged in the sewage regulating tank, and the second liquid level controller 3 is also connected with a PLC control system 19.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the second level controller 3 instructs the lift pump 2 to open and close through the PLC control system 19, the sewage in the sewage adjusting tank 1 is pumped into the first deep well pipe 7 through the lift pump, and flows into the filtration and purification tank 4 through the bottom of the first deep well, slowly permeates upward from the bottom of the biological reaction device 6, and performs aerobic biochemical reaction and adsorption filtration treatment in the process of fully contacting with the filler carrier reaction component, so as to effectively degrade the concentration of organic matters and perform nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment. Meanwhile, the PLC control system controls the starting and stopping of the Roots blower, the first aeration device is started to perform normal aeration, sewage is oxygenated in advance and is aerated and then passes through the filler carrier reaction component, and the speed and the effect of aerobic biochemical reaction are enhanced. The front end and the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank 12 are respectively provided with a biological reaction device 6, sewage flows into the biological reaction device through the first deep well and then flows backwards along a channel formed between the bottoms of the MBR membrane reaction tank and the microfiltration membrane filter tank and the bottom of the filtration purification tank, and simultaneously slowly permeates upwards along the biological reaction device at the front end and the rear end, the sewage subjected to primary treatment through the biological reaction device slowly overflows an overflow port at the top end of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank, flows into the second deep well 12.3, and enters the MBR membrane reaction tank through the bottom of the second deep well. The pollutant concentration in the sewage after primary treatment by the biological reaction device is greatly reduced, and the sewage is converted into secondary sewage which has good biodegradability and can lighten the pollution to the MBR membrane reaction element, so that the oxygen transmission efficiency of the MBR membrane reaction element is improved, the oxygen supply power consumption is reduced, and the power consumption of the sewage in a treatment unit is reduced. And (3) after the secondary sewage enters an MBR membrane reaction tank, separating and intercepting pollutants with the particle size of more than 15-38 mu m by a membrane. The particle size of most of the particles of the activated sludge is larger than 40 mu m, the activated sludge is intercepted by membrane separation, microorganisms in sewage can be basically retained in an MBR membrane reaction tank, so that the high-concentration microorganism biomass can be maintained in the MBR membrane reaction tank all the time, the biochemical efficiency is improved, high-concentration sewage with toxicity, volatility and high chroma can be treated, the loss of suspended matters and high-molecular-weight organic matters can be prevented, a plurality of macromolecular degradation-resistant organic matters with slow decomposition speed can be caused, the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and the Sludge Retention Time (SRT) of an MBR membrane separation process can be completely separated by prolonging the retention time of the sewage in the MBR membrane reaction tank, the short HRT and the long SRT (or the period of sludge discharge cycle) can be simultaneously realized, the capacity of high volume load and strong load impact resistance are realized, and the capacity of the MBR process for treating the degradation-resistant organic matters is enhanced.
The MBR filter membrane with the membrane aperture of 15-38 mu m is formed by adopting cheap industrial filter cloth, the material price is lower than that of a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane with the membrane aperture of 0.1-0.4 mu m commonly used in the prior art, and simultaneously, the water yield of the MBR membrane reaction element is higher than that of the MBR membrane reaction element adopting the hollow fiber membrane or the flat membrane in the prior art, and the MBR membrane reaction element has the advantages of better wear resistance, strength, corrosion resistance, acid resistance and the like, smooth surface, long service life and the like, thereby realizing the better sewage treatment effect by using the MBR membrane reaction element with lower manufacturing cost and better performance. In addition, sewage entering the MBR membrane reaction tank is treated by the biological reaction device, so that the pollution of the sewage to the MBR membrane reaction element is greatly reduced, stable high-flux produced water of the MBR membrane reaction element can be realized, the service life of the MBR membrane reaction element is prolonged, and the system operation cost is reduced.
Sewage after MBR membrane reaction secondary treatment passes through water holes 12.5 on the partition pool wall 12.4 between microfiltration membrane filter tank and the MBR membrane reaction tank and gets into microfiltration membrane filter tank 13, carries out more advanced treatment and filtration to aquatic pollutant through microfiltration membrane core subassembly, obtains elementary clear water, pumps elementary clear water to clear water pond 17 in through self priming pump 14 and drinking-water pipeline 13.2, realizes orderly continuous, the gradual advanced treatment of plug flow to sewage. Chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium dichloroisocyanurate and other disinfectants are put into the clean water tank, bacteria such as escherichia coli and the like in the water are killed, and the standard clean water which can be discharged is obtained.
The PLC control system 19 of the invention can monitor the working condition of the system in real time and carry out automatic control. When the MBR membrane reaction element 12.1, the filler carrier reaction component and the microfiltration membrane core assembly 13.1 are seriously blocked, the pressure gauge 15 and the flow meter 16 on the water outlet pipeline can transmit pressure and flow information to the PLC control system, the PLC control system controls the start and stop of the cleaning water pump 20, stops pumping water from the microfiltration membrane filter tank and pumps water in the clean water tank to the cleaning water pipe, and the MBR membrane reaction element 12.1, the filler carrier reaction component and the microfiltration membrane core assembly 13.1 are cleaned. PLC control system 19 opens and close through the information control lift water pump 2 of second liquid level controller 3 transmission to the water level of control sewage equalizing basin, the information control self priming water pump 14 through the transmission of first liquid level controller 12.6 opens and close, thereby the water level of control MBR membrane reaction tank.
The system is particularly suitable for medium and small-sized sewage treatment plants with serious water pollution but small treatment capacity, and can efficiently and stably carry out standard treatment on high-concentration sewage with medium and small-sized sewage treatment capacity.
Claims (5)
1. The sewage treatment method combining biological contact oxidation and MBR and microfiltration membrane filtration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating sewage by using a biological contact oxidation device, and performing primary treatment on the sewage through aerobic biochemical reaction, adsorption and filtration to remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater;
s2, performing secondary treatment on the sewage subjected to the primary treatment by using an MBR (membrane biological reactor) and separation filtering device to further remove partial sludge and harmful substances in the wastewater;
s3, performing tertiary treatment on the sewage subjected to the secondary treatment by using a micro-filtration membrane separation and filtration device, and further removing residual sludge and harmful substances in the sewage to obtain primary clear water;
s4, sterilizing the primary clear water to obtain dischargeable clear water reaching the standard;
and S5, respectively pumping part of clear water reaching the standard back to the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device, cleaning the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device, and discharging the cleaned sludge and sewage out of the biological contact oxidation device, the MBR membrane biological reaction and separation filtering device and the microfiltration membrane separation filtering device.
2. The sewage treatment system for realizing the sewage treatment method according to claim 1, comprising a sewage adjusting tank (1), an integrated combined filtering device, a clean water tank (17) which are arranged in sequence, a water inlet pipeline (9) for connecting the sewage adjusting tank and the integrated combined filtering device, a lifting water pump (2) which is arranged on the water inlet pipeline and is positioned in the sewage adjusting tank (1), a water outlet pipeline (11) which is connected with the integrated combined filtering device and the clean water tank and is provided with a self-sucking water pump (14), and a cleaning water pipe for connecting the clean water tank and the integrated combined filtering device;
the integrated combined filtering device comprises a filtering and purifying tank (4), a first deep well (7) which is arranged at the front end in the filtering and purifying tank and discharges water from the bottom, a mounting rack (5) arranged in the filtering and purifying tank, an MBR membrane reaction tank (12) arranged in the middle of the mounting rack, microfiltration membrane filtering tanks (13) symmetrically arranged at the front and the back of the MBR membrane reaction tank, biological reaction devices (6) respectively arranged at the front end and the back end of the MBR membrane reaction tank, and a first aeration device (8) arranged at the bottom of the filtering and purifying tank, wherein the water outlet end of a water inlet pipeline (9) is inserted into the first deep well (7);
a group of replaceable MBR membrane reaction elements (12.1) are sequentially arranged in the MBR membrane reaction tank (12), a second aeration device (12.2) is arranged at the bottom of the tank, a first liquid level controller (12.6) is arranged in the tank, and a second deep well (12.3) which discharges water from the bottom is arranged at the rear part in the MBR membrane reaction tank; the top surface of the tank wall of the MBR membrane reaction tank (12) is lower than the top surface of the tank wall of the filtering and purifying tank (4), a concave overflow port is arranged at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank, and the top end of the second deep well is tightly attached to the overflow port at the top of the tank wall at the rear end of the MBR membrane reaction tank; the MBR membrane reaction element (12.1) comprises two first vertical pipes (12.1.1) with opposite notches, first screen plates (12.1.2) with two ends inserted into the notches and industrial filter cloth wound on the first screen plates, wherein gaps are reserved between the two ends of the outer surface of each first screen plate and the notches of the first vertical pipes;
the biological reaction device (6) is a group of replaceable filler carrier reaction components arranged on the mounting rack (5); the filler carrier reaction assembly comprises two symmetrically arranged second vertical pipes (6.1) with opposite notches, two layers of second screen plates (6.2) with two ends inserted into the notches, and filler filled in an inner cavity between the two layers of second screen plates, wherein gaps are reserved between the two ends of the outer surfaces of the screen plates and the notches of the second vertical pipes;
a replaceable microfiltration membrane core assembly (13.1) is arranged in the microfiltration membrane filter tank (13), water passing holes (12.5) are distributed on a separating tank wall (12.4) between the microfiltration membrane filter tank and the MBR membrane reaction tank, water pumping pipelines (13.2) are inserted at two sides of the microfiltration membrane filter tank, and the water pumping pipelines are connected with the water outlet pipeline (11); the micro-filtration membrane core assembly (13.1) comprises a support framework (13.1.1) and industrial filter cloth wound on the support framework;
the cleaning water pipes for connecting the clean water tank and the integrated combined filtering device comprise a first group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into first vertical pipes (12.1.1) at two sides of an MBR membrane reaction component (12.1) in two ways, a second group of cleaning water pipes which are led out from the clean water tank and extend into second vertical pipes (6.1) at two sides of a filler carrier reaction component in two ways, and a third group of cleaning water pipes which extend into a supporting framework (13.1.1) of a micro-filtration membrane core component (13.1) after being led out from the clean water tank, wherein cleaning water pumps (20) are arranged on the cleaning water pipes;
the bottoms of the sewage filtering and purifying tank (4), the MBR membrane reaction tank (12) and the microfiltration membrane filtering tank (13) are respectively provided with a water outlet and a sludge outlet;
a pressure gauge (15) and a flow meter (16) are arranged on the water outlet pipeline (11) behind the self-priming water pump (14);
the first aeration device (8) and the second aeration device (12.2) are respectively connected with a Roots blower (10) through air supply pipelines, and electromagnetic valves (18) are arranged on the air supply pipelines;
the lifting water pump (2), the self-priming water pump (14), the cleaning water pump (20), the pressure gauge (15), the flow meter (16), the Roots blower (10), the electromagnetic valve (18) and the first liquid level controller (12.6) are all connected with the PLC control system (19).
3. Sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterised in that a second level controller (3) is arranged in the regulating reservoir (1), the second level controller (3) being connected to a PLC control system (19).
4. Sewage treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the membrane reaction element (12.1) in the MBR membrane reaction tank (12) and the industrial filter cloth are wound on the first screen plate to form a membrane with a pore size of 15-38 μm.
5. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the micro-filtration membrane core assembly (13.1) in the micro-filtration membrane filtration tank is formed by winding industrial filter cloth on a support framework, and the pore diameter of the membrane is 0.1-15 μm.
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