CN115140903A - Process for co-treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella - Google Patents
Process for co-treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella Download PDFInfo
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- CN115140903A CN115140903A CN202210885965.8A CN202210885965A CN115140903A CN 115140903 A CN115140903 A CN 115140903A CN 202210885965 A CN202210885965 A CN 202210885965A CN 115140903 A CN115140903 A CN 115140903A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
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- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a process for cooperatively treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella, which comprises the following steps: 1) Culturing chlorella; 2) Pretreating printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon; 3) Performing algae biochemical treatment on the effluent of the activated carbon pretreatment; 4) Collecting algae precipitate and filtering with sand filter; 5) And (5) performing disinfection treatment. Compared with the traditional activated sludge method, the process can reduce the sludge discharge amount, reduce odor brought by sludge and reduce secondary pollution to soil; meanwhile, grease in chlorella cells and protein per se can be used for development of green energy, fertilizers and animal feeds; meanwhile, the printing and dyeing wastewater is comprehensively treated by using the activated sludge and the chlorella, so that the sewage treatment efficiency of the algae can be improved, and the instability of the effluent quality caused by the change of the content of toxic compounds in the conventional sewage treatment by the algae is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a process for cooperatively treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella.
Background
With the development of urbanization in recent years, the generation of municipal sewage and the treatment amount of activated sludge thereof are increasing. For the accessories after the activated sewage treatment, although the sludge contains rich nutrients, the sludge also contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, parasites (eggs), heavy metals, salts, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, radionuclides and other refractory toxic and harmful substances. These substances may pose a major hazard to the environment and to human and animal health. At present, more than 90 percent of sludge treatment facilities in water plants in China are not matched, wherein in the established sewage treatment plants, the sludge directly used for agriculture without any treatment accounts for more than 70 percent. Even in a sewage treatment plant provided with a digestion tank, digested sludge is directly used for agriculture only after being slightly dehydrated, and the sludge hardly meets the agricultural sanitary standard of sludge. Moreover, after direct simple treatment, the soil is directly treated in agriculture, landfill or garbage dump, and finally the vegetation of the surrounding soil and even the underground water are polluted. Nowadays, china faces a series of important problems of how to reduce sludge discharge, how to convert the traditional sewage treatment biochemical end and how to convert organic matters in sewage into green energy, thereby achieving zero pollution, zero emission and the like.
Chlorella, a green eukaryotic microorganism commonly found in rivers and lakes, has been widely recognized as the most promising new generation of sewage treatment organism due to its low selectivity for growth conditions and abundant oil and fat, and is also the most potential feedstock provider for biofuel. The algae can grow by using nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the sewage, and meanwhile, grease in the treated algae can be converted into green energy (biodiesel). Other parts of the plant itself may also be used in animal feed, fertilizer production and development of other green energy sources (hydrogen, methane and alcohol).
For the development of the technology for treating algae sewage, the related technology for treating sewage by using microalgae has been advocated and pursued for a long time. However, since the types of wastewater are complicated and the frequent COD removal effect is unstable due to the various inhibiting factors, most studies on the treatment of algae wastewater mainly include domestic and municipal wastewater, and the possibility of treatment of industrial wastewater (such as industrial dyeing wastewater) is very low. Therefore, the process flow needs to be optimized for the growth of microalgae and the pretreatment of sewage.
In the biochemical treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, because the industrial wastewater contains more organic dyes and surfactants, the traditional biochemical treatment is difficult to directly carry out a certain physicochemical pretreatment process. Meanwhile, in order to treat industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using chlorella instead of a traditional activated sludge method, the problems to be solved include how to remove components inhibiting the growth of chlorella, how to improve the efficiency of chlorella in treating printing and dyeing wastewater, how to solve the problem of algae recovery and how to ensure that effluent reaches the effluent standard at the end of biochemical treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one problem in the prior art and provide a process for treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the process for treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using the activated carbon/chlorella in a synergistic manner comprises the following steps:
1) Culture of Chlorella
Gradually converting chlorella cultured in an autotrophic mode by using a BG11 culture medium into a mixed nutrient culture mode of autotrophic and heterotrophic alternate culture by adding an organic carbon source, and then performing acclimation culture by using artificial simulated sewage;
2) Activated carbon pretreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater
Mixing the activated carbon powder with the concentration of 0.5-10 g/L with the printing and dyeing wastewater, controlling the mixing temperature at 15-30 ℃ and the mixing time at 30-120 min, and removing part of COD, total nitrogen and dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater; the total phosphorus, the residual COD and the total nitrogen are used as the growth materials of the algae;
3) Algae biochemical treatment of active carbon pretreated effluent
Mixing and culturing the printing and dyeing wastewater pretreated by the step 2) and the chlorella obtained in the step 1), wherein the ratio of the chlorella is 20 percent v/v during mixing, the mixing temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is constant and is controlled to be 3000-6000lux, and the mixing and culturing time is controlled to be 9-12 h;
4) Algae precipitation collection and sand filtration treatment
Collecting algae by using a vertical sedimentation tank;
the effluent after the algae separation is subjected to sand filtration treatment by using a sand filtration system;
5) Disinfection treatment
The effluent water after the precipitation and sand filtration treatment in the previous step is disinfected, so that the microorganisms in the water are thoroughly killed.
Further, in the process for the co-treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by the activated carbon/chlorella, in the step 1), the domestication and culture operation is as follows: respectively adding artificial simulation wastewater with different concentrations into BG11 culture medium, inoculating the algae screened in the previous step into mixed culture medium of artificial simulation wastewater with COD concentration of 375-1500 mg/L and BG11, simulating day and night alternation, and realizing autotrophic heterotrophic alternate domestication culture of green algae.
Furthermore, in the process for the activated carbon/chlorella cooperative treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, the illumination time in the daytime is set to be 12-18 h, and the illumination intensity is controlled to be 2000-6000 lux.
Further, in the process for the co-treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by the activated carbon/chlorella, in the step 2), the removal rate of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the printing and dyeing wastewater after mixing is 30-90%, the removal rate of total nitrogen is 65-75%, and the removal rate of dye is 70-80%.
Further, in the process for the activated carbon/chlorella cooperative treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, in the step 4), when the algae are collected in the vertical sedimentation tank, the water conservancy retention time is controlled to be 60-120 min, the sewage flow direction is opposite to the chlorella sedimentation direction, and the water flow speed is controlled to be 30-100 mm/s.
Further, according to the process for the activated carbon/chlorella co-treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, the vertical sedimentation tank is provided with the reflecting plate, and water flow is changed from vertical downward to distribution around the reflecting plate under the blocking of the reflecting plate; the flowing speed of water flow from the bell mouth of the central pipe and the reflecting plate is controlled to be 5-20 mm/s, the water flow flows out from the periphery of the reflecting plate and then is uniformly distributed in the whole vertical sedimentation tank, the water flow slowly flows from bottom to top at an upward flow speed, chlorella is settled downwards to a chlorella mud area, clarified supernatant flows out from a weir mouth arranged at the top end of the tank wall, and flows to the next treatment stage through a water outlet tank.
Further, in the process for the activated carbon/chlorella cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, 20-40% of the algae sludge recovered from the vertical sedimentation tank flows back to the corresponding algae biochemical treatment end in the step 3) for sewage treatment.
Further, in the process for the activated carbon/chlorella co-treatment of the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, in the step 4), the effluent after the sand filtration treatment further separates residual algae cells, and the water quality reaches the first-level B standard or the second-level effluent standard.
Further, in the process for co-processing industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using the activated carbon/chlorella, in the step 5), the disinfection treatment adopts ultraviolet disinfection or hypochlorous acid disinfection.
Further, in the process for the activated carbon/chlorella cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, the steps 1) to 3) are replaced by the step S, and the step S specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a certain amount of activated carbon with the concentration of 2-10 g/L into 100% printing and dyeing wastewater to carry out adsorption treatment for 2 hours, and removing partial COD, total nitrogen and dye;
s2, using the printing and dyeing wastewater treated in the step S1 for culturing chlorella, setting the culture condition to be 5000lux for 24 hours under constant illumination, and repeating the culture mode until the chlorella cells are obviously increased and the standard of the obvious increase is met: observing the absorbance OD of the sample by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer at the absorbance of 680nm 680 Has an increase of 0.4 to 0.8;
s3, collecting the chlorella cultured in the step S2, mixing 100% printing and dyeing wastewater which is not treated by activated carbon and pure water in the same volume to serve as a culture medium, and culturing the chlorella for 72 hours under constant illumination; when chlorella stably grows in printing and dyeing wastewater with concentration of 50%, the wastewater concentration is increased to 75% and finally gradually increased to 100%;
the standard for the stable growth of Chlorella in 50% concentration printing and dyeing wastewater is the initial OD of Chlorella cell 680 Through cultivationThe nutrient is increased from 0.15-0.2 to 0.5-0.9;
the concentration of the printing and dyeing wastewater is increased to 100 percent, and the growth conditions are as follows: maintaining the constant illumination of 3000-6000lux for 24 hours, and culturing at 20-35 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional activated sludge method, the process has the main advantages of reducing the sludge discharge by more than 90 percent, reducing odor brought by sludge and reducing secondary pollution to soil. Meanwhile, grease in chlorella cells and protein per se can be used for development of green energy, fertilizers and animal feeds. Meanwhile, the printing and dyeing wastewater is comprehensively treated by using the activated sludge and the chlorella, so that the sewage treatment efficiency of the algae can be improved, and the instability of the effluent quality caused by the change of the content of toxic compounds in the conventional sewage treatment by the algae is avoided.
2. The process has great social benefit, and the development of the algae sewage treatment technology is beneficial to the birth and rise of the following industries: 1) A batch of algae culture equipment taking algae as a leading factor and training enterprises of technical personnel thereof will be raised, and meanwhile, the transformation of a sewage treatment plant will drive the vigorous development of a series of projects and capital construction enterprises; 2) The traditional post-treatment of the sludge is replaced by the conversion technology of green energy related to algae, so that the development of green energy related enterprises is driven; 3) A series of related industrial chains related to algae collection, transportation, processing, energy and food conversion can be formed, and finally, the development of related enterprises is promoted and more employment rates are created; 4) The expenditure of pollutants (activated sludge) on the post-treatment is reduced, and part of the energy loss is compensated.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product that embodies the invention to achieve all of the above advantages simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the change of water quality with time after treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater with different activated carbon concentrations: wherein, A) chemical oxygen demand, B) dye removal rate, C) total nitrogen concentration and D) total phosphorus concentration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the growth of sewage and the change of water quality over time after Chlorella is pretreated with activated carbon: wherein, A) cell growth and COD degradation, B) degradation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a process flow of treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater with activated carbon/chlorella in the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the effect of Chlorella after directed evolution modification on the change of printing and dyeing wastewater without activated carbon pretreatment with time: wherein, A) chlorella cell growth, B) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) degradation, C) total nitrogen degradation, D) total phosphorus degradation and E) chroma removal rate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the growth morphology of cells under a microscope after 200 times magnification: a) Chlorella cells cultured in BG-11 medium and b) chlorella cells grown from 100% printing and dyeing wastewater;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a test for measuring the recovery of chlorella cells and a schematic diagram showing the recovery efficiency of chlorella by natural gravity settling as a function of time after culturing chlorella in BG-11 and 100% dyeing wastewater without pretreatment with activated carbon;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the process flow of treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater with activated carbon/chlorella in example two.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a process for treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella, which comprises the following steps:
1) Culture of Chlorella
Preparing chlorella, initially carrying out autotrophic mode culture by using a BG11 culture medium, gradually converting the culture mode into an autotrophic and heterotrophic alternative culture mode by adding an organic carbon source, and simultaneously carrying out acclimation culture on the chlorella cultured in mixed nutrition by further using artificial simulated sewage;
2) Activated carbon pretreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater
Mixing a certain amount of activated carbon powder with the printing and dyeing wastewater, wherein the concentration of the activated carbon is controlled to be 0.5-10 g/L, the mixing temperature is controlled to be 15-30 ℃, the mixing time is controlled to be 30-120 min, and the activated carbon can remove part of COD, total nitrogen and dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater; the total phosphorus, the residual COD and the total nitrogen are used as the growth materials of the algae;
3) Algae biochemical treatment of active carbon pretreated effluent
Mixing and culturing the printing and dyeing wastewater pretreated in the step 2) and the chlorella obtained in the step 1), wherein the mixing temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is constant and is controlled to be 3000-6000lux, and the mixing and culturing time is controlled to be 9-12 hours;
4) Algae precipitation collection and sand filtration treatment
Collecting algae by using a vertical sedimentation tank;
the effluent after the algae separation is subjected to sand filtration treatment by a sand filtration system;
5) Disinfection treatment
The effluent water after the precipitation and sand filtration treatment in the previous step is disinfected, so that the microorganisms in the water are thoroughly killed.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1
The embodiment provides a process for treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using activated carbon/chlorella, which comprises the following steps:
1) Chlorella culture
Chlorella Vulgaris, will initially be cultivated in autotrophic mode with BG11 medium and then gradually switched to autotrophic and heterotrophic alternative cultivation mode by the addition of glucose. The chlorella cultured by mixed nutrition is further domesticated and cultured by utilizing artificial simulated sewage: respectively adding artificial simulation wastewater with different concentrations into BG11 culture media, inoculating the algae screened in the previous step into a mixed culture medium containing the artificial simulation wastewater with the COD concentration of 800mg/L and BG11, respectively setting the illumination time and the intensity to be 16h and 4000lux, and simulating day and night alternation to realize autotrophic and heterotrophic alternation training culture of the green algae.
2) Activated carbon pretreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater
Mixing a certain amount of activated carbon powder with printing and dyeing wastewater to ensure that the concentration of the activated carbon is between 5g/L, and keeping the temperature at room temperature (23 ℃). The mixing time was set to 60 minutes to remove part of COD (70%), total nitrogen (70%) and dye (70%) from the printing and dyeing wastewater. The remaining small amount of COD (30%) and a small portion of total nitrogen (30%) and total phosphorus (100%) will be used for algae growth (fig. 1).
3) Algae biochemical treatment of active carbon pretreated effluent
The printing and dyeing wastewater pretreated by the active carbon in the previous step is mixed with 20% (V/V) of chlorella (the first step) for culturing for 10 hours, the temperature is set to room temperature (23 ℃), and the illumination condition is constant at about 4000 lux. As shown in FIG. 2, the removal rate of COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the treated dyeing wastewater was 88% or more as a result of the growth of algae in the treated dyeing wastewater after 1 hour after the treatment with activated carbon (1.0 g/L).
4) Algae precipitation collection and sand filtration treatment
After the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater is pretreated by the activated carbon, a trace amount of surfactant and toxic substances still exist in the industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, so that the self metabolism and growth of chlorella can be influenced. Therefore, while the chlorella grows by utilizing the nutrients in the sewage, in order to resist the negative effect, the algae cells are easy to be gathered together in a large amount to form a lumpy flocculent precipitate. The agglomeration does not affect the utilization of the nutrient substances, and greatly shortens the time for separating the algae from the effluent by using the gravity settling method. Therefore, the algae collection will be performed by a conventional vertical sedimentation tank, and the hydraulic retention time can be designed to be 90 minutes. The sewage water flow direction is opposite to the chlorella settling direction, the water flow speed is set at 70mm/s (a reflecting plate is arranged), and the water flow is changed from vertical downward to be distributed around the reflecting plate under the blocking of the reflecting plate. The speed that who flows out from between center tube horn mouth and reflecting plate is set at 10mm/s, and rivers flow from the reflecting plate all around evenly distribute in whole pond after flowing to flow from bottom to top slowly at the velocity of rising, the chlorella deposits to the algae mud district downwards, and the supernatant after the clarification overflows from the weir crest that sets up on pool wall top, flows to next processing stage through the basin. 30% of the recovered algae mud flows back to the algae biochemical treatment end for sewage treatment.
The final effluent after algae separation will go through a sand filtration system to perform final advanced treatment (removal of COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and dye) on the wastewater and further separate the residual algae cells to make the final effluent quality reach the first grade B standard or the second grade effluent standard, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comprehensive discharge Standard of wastewater
| Basic control items | Class one B standard | Second stage |
| Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) | 60 | 100 |
| Total nitrogen | 20 | - |
| Total phosphorus | 1.5 | 3.0 |
。
5) Disinfection treatment
The effluent after the precipitation and sand filtration treatment in the last step is subjected to ultraviolet disinfection or hypochlorous acid disinfection, so that the microorganisms in the water are thoroughly killed, and the environmental problems of pollution, eutrophication and the like caused by discharge into rivers and lakes are avoided.
Example 2
Replacing the steps 1) to 3) with the step S), wherein the step S specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding a certain amount of activated carbon with the concentration of 2-10 g/L into 100% printing and dyeing wastewater to carry out adsorption treatment for 2 hours, so that part of COD, total nitrogen (including nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, organic nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen) and various dyes (mainly comprising direct dyes, namely diaminostilbene disulfonic acid, diaminodiphenyl urea, diaminobenzoyl aniline, diaminobenzenesulfonyl aniline, diaminoheterocyclic direct dyes, sulfur dyes, acid-base dyes and the like) are removed;
the second step: and (3) using the printing and dyeing wastewater treated in the first step for culturing chlorella, and setting the culture condition to be 5000lux and constant illumination for 24 hours. The culture mode is repeated for 1-2 times without adding organic carbon source until the chlorella cells are obviously increased, and the absorbance (OD) of the chlorella cells is observed under the absorbance of 680nm by an ultraviolet-wind-solar photometer under the condition of the increase 680 ) Has an increase of 0.4 to 0.8;
the third step: the cultured chlorella in the second step was collected and subjected to constant light culture for 72 hours using 100% printing wastewater which was not treated with activated carbon as a medium for equal volume mixing (50% v/v); when chlorella can stably grow in the printing and dyeing wastewater with the concentration of 50% (the initial OD of chlorella cells is standard) 680 Can increase from 0.15-0.2 to 0.5-0.9) after 3-4 days of cultureThe water concentration is increased to 75 percent, and finally, the water concentration is gradually increased to 100 percent of printing and dyeing wastewater for growth. Wherein the growth condition is maintained at constant illumination (3000-6000 lux) for 24 hours, and the culture is carried out at normal temperature (20-35 ℃). The treatment effect is shown in fig. 5, and after 96 hours of growth, the effluent basically can reach the secondary effluent standard.
Designing a process flow:
in the embodiment, the chlorella can grow in 100% printing and dyeing wastewater after being modified, and the coagulation capacity of the chlorella is improved due to 100% wastewater, so that the chlorella is easier to settle, and as shown in figure 4, (a) chlorella cells cultured by using BG-11 culture medium are uniformly dispersed in the culture medium, while most of chlorella cells cultured by using printing and dyeing wastewater which is not subjected to activity treatment are in a shape of a cluster, so that the coagulation capacity is greatly improved, (b); the gravity settled cell recovery test for both cases (BG-11 and 100% dyeing wastewater) was performed by resting 1.5mL of algae solution in a cuvette and recording the absorbance (OD) of the solution at the same height over different time periods with a spectrophotometer 680 ) And calculating the recovery rate of algae cells by using the concentration difference of the cells at the same liquid level height. As can be seen from the results (FIG. 6), the algae cultured with 100% dyeing wastewater can be naturally sedimented and separated by about 80% in 30 minutes, while the chlorella cells cultured with the conventional medium (BG-11) only reached about 40% recovery in the sedimentation test for two hours. Therefore, the algae cultured by 100 percent of waste water has agglomeration effect, thereby greatly improving the collection efficiency of the algae. The second scheme has the advantages that the algae can grow by utilizing more nutrient substances in the sewage, the problems of adding and recycling of the activated carbon do not need to be considered in the early stage, but the algae has limited treatment effect on pigments and other toxic compounds, so that the advanced treatment needs to be carried out by adding an activated carbon layer to the sand filtration part.
Therefore, the main process flow is as shown in fig. 7: 1) An aeration desilting basin; 2) Biochemical treatment of algae; 3) An algae precipitation and collection pool; 4) Sand filtration/activated carbon filtration; 5) And (6) sterilizing.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The process for treating industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by using the activated carbon/chlorella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Culture of Chlorella
Gradually converting chlorella cultured in an autotrophic mode by using a BG11 culture medium into a mixed nutrient culture mode of autotrophic and heterotrophic alternate culture by adding an organic carbon source, and then performing acclimation culture by using artificial simulated sewage;
2) Activated carbon pretreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater
Mixing the activated carbon powder with the concentration of 0.5-10 g/L with the printing and dyeing wastewater, controlling the mixing temperature at 15-30 ℃ and the mixing time at 30-120 min, and removing part of COD, total nitrogen and dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater; the total phosphorus, the residual COD and the total nitrogen are used as the growth materials of the algae;
3) Algae biochemical treatment of active carbon pretreated effluent
Mixing and culturing the printing and dyeing wastewater pretreated by the step 2) and the chlorella obtained in the step 1), wherein the ratio of the chlorella is 20 percent v/v during mixing, the mixing temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is constant and is controlled to be 3000-6000lux, and the mixing and culturing time is controlled to be 9-12 h;
4) Algae precipitation collection and sand filtration treatment
Collecting algae by using a vertical sedimentation tank;
the effluent after the algae separation is subjected to sand filtration treatment by using a sand filtration system;
5) Disinfection treatment
And the effluent after the precipitation and sand filtration treatment in the last step is disinfected to ensure the complete killing of microorganisms in the water.
2. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: in the step 1), the domestication culture operation comprises the following steps: respectively adding artificial simulation wastewater with different concentrations into BG11 culture medium, inoculating the algae screened in the previous step into mixed culture medium of artificial simulation wastewater with COD concentration of 375-1500 mg/L and BG11, simulating day and night alternation, and realizing autotrophic heterotrophic alternate domestication culture of green algae.
3. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 2, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: the illumination time of the daytime is set to be 12-18 h, and the illumination intensity is controlled to be 2000-6000 lux.
4. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step 2), the removal rate of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the mixed printing and dyeing wastewater is 30-90%, the removal rate of total nitrogen is 65-75%, and the removal rate of dye is 70-80%.
5. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: in the step 4), when algae are collected in the vertical sedimentation tank, the water conservancy retention time is controlled to be 60-120 min, the sewage water flow direction is opposite to the chlorella sedimentation direction, and the water flow speed is controlled to be 30-100 mm/s.
6. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 5, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the vertical sedimentation tank is provided with a reflecting plate, and water flow is changed from vertical downward to be distributed around the reflecting plate under the blocking of the reflecting plate; the flowing speed of water flow from the bell mouth of the central pipe and the reflecting plate is controlled to be 5-20 mm/s, the water flow flows out from the periphery of the reflecting plate and then is uniformly distributed in the whole vertical flow sedimentation tank, and slowly flows from bottom to top at an ascending flow speed, chlorella is settled downwards to a chlorella mud area, and clarified supernatant overflows from a weir mouth arranged at the top end of the tank wall and flows to the next treatment stage through a water outlet tank.
7. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 6, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and (3) refluxing 20-40% of the algae mud recovered from the vertical sedimentation tank into the corresponding algae biochemical treatment end in the step 3) for sewage treatment.
8. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: in the step 4), after the effluent after sand filtration treatment further separates residual algae cells, the water quality reaches the first-level B standard or the second-level effluent standard.
9. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: in the step 5), the disinfection treatment adopts ultraviolet disinfection or hypochlorous acid disinfection.
10. The process for the cooperative treatment of industrial printing and dyeing wastewater by activated carbon/chlorella according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon/chlorella is selected from the group consisting of: replacing the steps 1) to 3) with the step S), wherein the step S specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a certain amount of activated carbon with the concentration of 2-10 g/L into 100% printing and dyeing wastewater to carry out adsorption treatment for 2 hours, and removing partial COD, total nitrogen and dye;
s2, using the printing and dyeing wastewater treated in the step S1 for culturing chlorella, setting the culture condition to be 5000lux for 24 hours under constant illumination, and repeating the culture mode until the chlorella cells are obviously increased and the standard of the obvious increase is met: observing the absorbance OD of the sample by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer at the absorbance of 680nm 680 Has an increase of 0.4 to 0.8;
s3, collecting the chlorella cultured in the step S2, mixing 100% printing and dyeing wastewater which is not treated by activated carbon and pure water in the same volume to serve as a culture medium, and performing constant illumination culture on the chlorella for 72 hours; when chlorella stably grows in printing and dyeing wastewater with concentration of 50%, the wastewater concentration is increased to 75% and finally gradually increased to 100%;
the standard for the stable growth of Chlorella in 50% concentration printing and dyeing wastewater is the initial OD of Chlorella cell 680 The culture is carried out to increase the temperature from 0.15 to 0.2 to 0.5 to 0.9;
the concentration of the printing and dyeing wastewater is increased to 100 percent, and the growth conditions are as follows: maintaining the constant illumination of 3000-6000lux for 24 hours, and culturing at 20-35 ℃.
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