CN106219871B - Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/004—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage comprising a selector reactor for promoting floc-forming or other bacteria
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Abstract
The invention discloses a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method, and the system comprises a wastewater treatment system of a methane tank, a solid-liquid separator, an adjusting tank, a sand filter tank, a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank and a sedimentation tank. In the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank, under the proper culture condition, the water power condition is changed to form IC internal circulation vortex flow in the bacteria-algae reaction tank, and the microalgae and the activated sludge are mutually wrapped together under the action of the vortex flow, so that bacteria-algae granular micelles with the sludge as the core and the microalgae wrapped at the periphery are finally formed. The granular bacteria-algae system can greatly improve the biomass of the algae reaction tank and improve the treatment efficiency of the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of good settling property, capability of realizing rapid separation of algae and water through a common gravity settling tank and the like, and has good treatment effect on treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater with high nitrogen and phosphorus content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method taking a granular bacteria-algae system as a core.
Background
In the national standard issued in 2014, the discharge standard of the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is stricter. Currently, livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment mainly adopts a biological method, and comprises anaerobic treatment, aerobic treatment and the like.
The traditional processes such as SBR process, contact oxidation method and oxidation ditch can better remove COD, SS and the like in the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, but have poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect.
COD and BOD of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater by using anaerobic-aerobic-artificial wetland combined process5And SS treatment effect is very good, but the method has the defects of low denitrification and dephosphorization efficiency, high operation cost and the like.
Although the anaerobic fermentation-micro-aerobic aeration-coagulation crystallization dephosphorization process has good treatment effect on the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater and can also discharge the wastewater up to the standard, the process has the problems of needing to additionally add a coagulant, increasing the operation cost, being difficult to popularize and the like.
The prior art has a technology for deeply treating pig raising wastewater, which treats the breeding wastewater through a regulating tank, a solid-liquid separation tank, anaerobic fermentation, a biological filler oxidation tank, an ecological oxidation pond and a vertical flow artificial wetland. But has the disadvantages of complex process, long treatment time, low efficiency and the like.
The prior art has a livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment process, which mainly utilizes the technology of combining primary precipitation filtration, anaerobic-aerobic reaction, dosing flocculation coagulation reaction and membrane component filtration and adopts a material method of adding and distributing water treatment agents, thereby achieving the purposes of high-efficiency denitrification, dephosphorization and COD reduction, but the process needs to additionally add a coagulant and increases the operation cost; in addition, the membrane module is used for final filtration, so that the investment cost is increased.
The prior art has a method for treating waste water of aquatic bird breeding. The method comprises the steps of pretreating microalgae by using primary precipitation and anaerobic fermentation, inoculating the microalgae for open culture for a period of time, introducing the microalgae into a closed bioreactor, and introducing carbon dioxide to continue reaction, thereby treating the wastewater. However, in the method, the biomass is not high when the microalgae at the final stage deeply treats the wastewater, and the reaction time is long. Meanwhile, the method does not mention a method for separating algae and water, and the separation of algae and water under the method is a very troublesome problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low wastewater treatment efficiency, complex process, low treatment efficiency, high cost, difficult algae-water separation and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is that the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method is characterized in that: taking a granular bacteria-algae system as a core, constructing a wastewater treatment system comprising a methane tank, a solid-liquid separator, an adjusting tank, a sand filtering tank, a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank and a sedimentation tank;
1) the culture wastewater enters a methane tank, and microorganisms decompose macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters; collecting methane as energy, and sending the discharged material of the methane tank into a solid-liquid separation tank to obtain separated solid and liquid;
2) taking the solid after solid-liquid separation as a compost material, and allowing the liquid to enter a regulating tank;
3) the effluent of the regulating reservoir enters a sand filter tank for filtering;
4) the wastewater filtered by the sand filter tank enters a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank for treatment, and most N, P and organic matters in the wastewater are removed;
5) a granular fungus-algae symbiotic system is constructed in the granular fungus-algae reaction tank; the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank comprises an algae starting tank and an algae reaction tank;
the construction process of the granular bacteria-algae symbiotic system is as follows:
5.1) inoculating aerobic sludge into the culture wastewater filtered by the sand filter tank in the step 3) in an algae starting tank for adaptive culture; the culture condition is aeration culture, and the culture time is 3-10 days;
5.2) inoculating the microalgae and aerobic sludge which are subjected to the expanded culture into the pretreated culture wastewater in an algae reaction tank;
the inoculated aerobic sludge-algae biomass is 0.8-1.2g/L, and the inoculation ratio is 10% -20%;
starting a flow impeller in the algae reaction tank after inoculation, wherein the flow impeller controls the flow rate of the center in the tank to be 0.2-0.3 m/s and the flow rate of the wall of the tank to be 0-0.05 m/s; the obvious difference between the circulating flow velocity and the pool wall flow velocity forms shear vortex flow, and the shear vortex flow is formed by plug flow and forms IC internal circulating vortex flow;
due to the vortex flow effect, microalgae and aerobic activated sludge are easier to wrap together, and large-particle-size bacteria-algae particle micelles wrapping the microalgae by taking the sludge as a core periphery are gradually formed, the large-specific-weight particle algae bacteria are easier to precipitate, and the rapid separation of algae and water can be realized in a common gravity sedimentation tank.
5.3) after 3-5 days of inoculation, starting water inlet and outlet of the reaction tank, wherein the water inlet and outlet are separated by two days, and the flow rate of a flow impeller control center is 0.2 m/s;
after inoculation for 6-15 days, the reaction tank starts to feed and discharge water every day, the central circulation flow rate is increased, the central flow rate is controlled to be 0.3m/s by the impeller, and the central impeller flow rate is kept;
after 20-25 days of inoculation, the granular bacteria-algae system is constructed;
the algae and the microorganisms in the reaction tank are driven by the swirling flow to roll, collide and gradually agglomerate to form granular bacteria-algae clusters which are mainly in the middle and are wrapped by the microalgae at the periphery;
peripheral algae supply oxygen to the inner nuclear flora through photosynthesis. The inner core bacterium group consumes organic matters in water through aerobic respiration and releases CO2Providing inorganic carbon source for photosynthesis for algae; and simultaneously realizes the high-standard removal of the wastewater.
6) The effluent of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank enters a sedimentation tank;
7) the algae-bacterium granular sludge can be quickly separated from water in the sedimentation tank, the effluent enters the water storage tank to be discharged, and part of the precipitated algae-bacterium granular sludge flows back to the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank, and one part of the precipitated algae-bacterium granular sludge is used as an organic fertilizer raw material.
Further, two sections of parallel guide walls are arranged in the middle of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank; and a flow pusher is arranged between the two sections of the guide walls.
Further, the backwashing wastewater of the sand filtration tank enters a solid-liquid separator; the returned bacteria-algae sludge liquid of the sedimentation tank enters a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank; and back washing water of the water storage tank enters the sedimentation tank and the sand filtering tank.
Further, the environmental conditions of the construction process of the granular bacteria-algae symbiosis system are as follows: the light-dark ratio is 12: 12-15: 9, the illumination intensity is 2000-10000 lux, and the temperature is 22-28 ℃.
Further, the water inlet process in the step 3) is carried out in an illumination period, and the water inlet time is 15-30 minutes; the dark cycle started 3 hours after the water had entered; the total time of precipitation and water outlet is controlled within 1 hour.
The granular bacteria-algae system has two advantages: (1) the particle bacteria-algae system has the advantages of large specific gravity and particles, is easy to settle, and can realize rapid algae-algae water separation through a common sedimentation tank; (2) the granular bacteria-algae system can greatly improve the amount of algae and microorganisms in the reaction tank, thereby greatly improving the wastewater treatment efficiency.
The technical effects of the present invention are undoubted, and the present invention has the following advantages:
1. the particle bacteria-algae system has the advantages of large specific gravity and particles, is easy to settle, and can realize rapid algae-algae water separation through a common sedimentation tank;
2. the granular bacteria-algae system can greatly improve the amount of algae and microorganisms in the reaction tank, thereby greatly improving the wastewater treatment efficiency and the impact resistance.
3. The granular bacteria-algae system is directly used for treating the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, so that nitrogen and phosphorus can be efficiently removed, and no flocculant and other medicaments are added, so that the operation cost is greatly reduced.
4. White ceramic tiles are attached to the inner wall and the bottom of the pool, so that the illumination intensity in the system is enhanced.
5. The obtained biogas can be collected and utilized, the solid after solid-liquid separation can be subjected to solid composting and used as fertilizer, and the precipitated algae-bacteria granular sludge can be used as production raw materials of organic fertilizer, biodiesel and the like, so that the biogas has certain economic value while the waste is recycled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an algae reaction pond.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Collecting the wastewater of a certain livestock and poultry breeding base in the southwest region for treatment, wherein the wastewater is high in N, P content; NH (NH)3The concentration range of N is 780-1520 mg/L, and the average concentration is 868 mg/L; the total phosphorus concentration range is 101-245 mg/L, and the average concentration is 171 mg/L.
As shown in figure 1, the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method is characterized in that a wastewater treatment system comprising a methane tank, a solid-liquid separation tank, a regulating tank, a sand filtration tank, a bacteria-algae reaction tank and a sedimentation tank is constructed by taking a particle bacteria-algae system as a core;
1) the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater firstly enters a methane tank for microbial fermentation, and microorganisms decompose macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters; collecting methane as energy;
2) sending the discharged material of the methane tank into a solid-liquid separation tank; after solid-liquid separation, the solid is used for composting, and the liquid enters a regulating tank;
3) the effluent of the regulating reservoir enters a sand filter tank for filtering;
4) the wastewater filtered by the sand filter tank enters an algae reaction tank for treatment, and most N, P and organic matters in the wastewater are removed under the action of a granular bacteria-algae system;
5) as shown in fig. 2, two sections of parallel guide walls are arranged in the middle of the algae reaction tank; a flow pusher is arranged between the two sections of guide walls;
in the step, the period of the wastewater entering the algae reaction tank for treatment is 24 hours, and the water inlet and outlet water ratio accounts for 10 percent of the volume of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank;
the environmental conditions to be controlled in the wastewater treatment process are that the light-dark ratio is 12:12, the illumination intensity is 4000lux, and the temperature is above 25 ℃.
A granular bacterium-algae symbiotic system is constructed in the algae reaction tank; in the construction process of the granular bacteria-algae symbiotic system, the environmental conditions to be controlled are as follows: the light-dark ratio is 15:9, the illumination intensity is 4000lux, and the temperature is 25 ℃. The construction process of the granular bacteria-algae symbiotic system is as follows:
5.1) algae seed expansion culture: in the starting reaction pool, the algae seeds are cultured by using a culture medium adapted to the target algae seeds, and the late culture of the algae seeds in logarithmic phase is finished; in the embodiment, the target microalgae are spirulina, chlorella and/or scenedesmus which have a good effect of removing nitrogen and phosphorus.
Inoculating aerobic sludge into the culture wastewater treated in the step 4) in an algae starting pond, and performing adaptive culture under the condition of aeration culture for 3-10 days;
5.2) inoculating the microalgae and aerobic sludge which are subjected to expanded culture into culture wastewater subjected to anaerobic biological and filtration pretreatment in an algae reaction tank, wherein the inoculated aerobic sludge-algae biomass is 0.8-1.2g/L, and the inoculation amount accounts for 10% of the tank volume of the bacteria-algae reaction tank; starting a flow impeller in the inoculated algae reaction tank;
5.3) after 3 days of inoculation, the color of the mixed solution is deepened from light green to green, the reaction tank begins to feed and discharge water, and the water feeding and discharging intervals are two days; controlling the central flow velocity of the impeller to be 0.2 m/s;
inoculating for 6 days, continuously deepening the color of the mixed solution into dark green, and starting to feed and discharge water in the reaction tank every day; increasing the central circulation flow rate, controlling the central flow rate to be 0.3m/s by the flow impeller, and keeping the central flow pushing rate;
inoculating for 20 days, and completing the construction of a granular bacteria-algae system; in the water inlet and outlet process, water inlet needs to be carried out in the illumination period, and the water inlet time is 15 minutes; keeping the flow velocity of a control center of the impeller at 0.3 m/s;
the dark cycle is started at least 3 hours after the water is fed. The total time of precipitation and water outlet is controlled within 1 hour.
6) The effluent of the algae reaction tank enters a sedimentation tank;
7) through the sedimentation treatment of the sedimentation tank, part of the sedimentated granular bacteria-algae sludge flows back to the bacteria-algae reaction tank, and one part of the sedimentated granular bacteria-algae sludge is collected to be used as production raw materials of biological organic fertilizer, biological diesel oil and the like. The effluent of the sedimentation tank is discharged into a water storage tank and is discharged through the water storage tank.
Through detection, the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water obtained through the treatment of the steps reaches 90.8% and 95.3%; moreover, by using the method in the embodiment, the wastewater treatment efficiency is greatly improved compared with the prior art, the treatment process is simple, the treatment time is short, the investment cost is low, the algae-laden water separation is simple, and the method has great popularization value.
Claims (5)
1. A livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method is characterized in that: constructing a wastewater treatment system comprising a methane tank, a solid-liquid separator, an adjusting tank, a sand filter tank, a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank and a sedimentation tank by taking a granular bacteria-algae symbiont system as a core;
the breeding wastewater enters a methane tank to carry out microbial fermentation to generate methane; collecting biogas as energy, and sending the discharged material of the biogas digester into a solid-liquid separation tank to obtain separated solid and liquid, namely biogas residue and biogas clear liquid;
taking the solid after solid-liquid separation as a compost material, and allowing the liquid to enter a regulating tank;
the effluent of the regulating reservoir enters a sand filter tank for filtering;
the wastewater filtered by the sand filter tank enters a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank for treatment;
a granular fungus-algae symbiotic system is constructed in the granular fungus-algae reaction tank; the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank comprises an algae starting tank and an algae reaction tank;
two sections of guide walls which are parallel to each other are arranged in the middle of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank; a flow impeller is arranged between the two sections of guide walls, IC internal circulation flow is formed in the pool, and shear vortex flow is formed by the difference between the circulation flow rate and the pool wall flow rate;
the construction process of the granular bacteria-algae symbiotic system is as follows:
1) inoculating the microalgae and aerobic sludge which are subjected to expanded culture into culture wastewater which is pretreated by anaerobic organisms and filtration in an algae reaction tank;
the inoculated aerobic sludge-algae biomass is 0.8-1.2g/L, and the inoculation proportion is 10% -20%;
2) after inoculation, starting a flow impeller in the algae reaction tank to form circular flow in the tank; meanwhile, the flow velocity of the center in the pool is controlled to be 0.3m/s, the flow velocity of the pool wall is controlled to be 0-0.05 m/s, and vortex flow is formed under the action of shearing force provided by the flow impeller;
3) after 3-5 days of inoculation, the reaction tank starts to feed and discharge water, the water feeding and discharging interval is two days, and the flow rate of the center is controlled to be 0.2m/s by the flow impeller;
after inoculation for 6-15 days, the reaction tank starts to feed and discharge water every day, the central circulation flow rate is increased, the central flow rate is controlled to be 0.3m/s by the impeller, and the central speed is kept; forming a shear vortex flow through the difference between the circulating flow velocity and the pool wall flow velocity to form a shear force action by pushing flow, forming IC internal circulation vortex flow, and mutually wrapping microalgae and activated sludge due to the vortex flow action to finally form a bacteria-algae particle micelle with the sludge as a core and the periphery wrapping the microalgae; the granular algae bacteria with large specific gravity are easier to precipitate, and can quickly realize algae-water separation in a common gravity sedimentation tank;
after 20-25 days of inoculation, the construction of a granulosa-algae symbiotic system is completed;
the algae and the microorganisms in the reaction tank are driven by the swirling flow to roll, collide and gradually agglomerate to form granular bacteria-algae clusters with the middle mainly containing the bacteria clusters and the periphery being wrapped by the algae;
the peripheral algae provide oxygen to the inner core bacterium group through photosynthesis, the inner core bacterium group consumes organic matters in water through aerobic respiration, and CO is released2Providing inorganic carbon source for photosynthesis for algae;
the effluent of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank enters a sedimentation tank;
and (4) discharging the effluent of the sedimentation tank into a water storage tank, and refluxing the precipitated algae-bacteria particles to a particle bacteria-algae reaction tank or serving as an organic fertilizer raw material.
2. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wastewater enters a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank for continuous treatment, and the water inlet and outlet amount accounts for 10-20% of the volume of the granular bacteria-algae reaction tank every day.
3. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the backwashing wastewater of the sand filtration tank enters a solid-liquid separator; the returned algae liquid in the sedimentation tank enters a granular bacteria-algae reaction tank; and back washing water of the water storage tank enters the sedimentation tank and the sand filtering tank.
4. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the water inlet process in the step 3) is carried out in an illumination period.
5. The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the formation process of the granulosa-algae symbiotic system: 1) it is necessary to form a microbial community capable of symbiosis with the cultured algae, 2) to form an internal circulation flow in the reactor and to form a shear vortex flow.
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| CN108017234B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-03-03 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Sewage treatment system and method |
| CN108623008A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-10-09 | 武汉大学 | The method that microalgae-aerobic sludge granular syntaxial system is quickly formed under natural light |
| CN108865892A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | A method of utilizing livestock breeding biogas slurry high yield microalgae |
| CN108623099B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method and device for degrading high-concentration nitrogen-content aquaculture sewage through cooperation of bacteria and algae |
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| CN110551667A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-10 | 武汉欧瑞景环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating aquaculture wastewater by using composite bacteria culture solution |
| CN111538229B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-11-18 | 重庆工商大学 | Aquaculture circulating water treatment system based on accurate control of ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen |
| CN111689578B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-07-05 | 深圳市万创青绿环境工程有限公司 | Method and reactor for culturing algae granular sludge and synchronously treating high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater |
| CN111689576B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-07-05 | 深圳市万创青绿环境工程有限公司 | Reactor for preparing algae granular sludge and method for culturing algae granular sludge |
| CN111977821B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-06-14 | 广东自远环保股份有限公司 | Anaerobic biological treatment system for domestic sewage |
| JP2022047532A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-24 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | Method of culturing alga and alga culture system |
| CN112159261A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 天津科技大学 | Method for producing liquid concentrated fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure |
| CN114751520B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-01-10 | 岭南师范学院 | Method for treating ammonia sugar processing wastewater by utilizing fungus microalgae symbiotic system |
| CN114716110A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-08 | 广州市环境保护工程设计院有限公司 | Aquaculture wastewater treatment system and method |
| CN115403156A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-29 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from high-ammonia-nitrogen livestock wastewater by using two-stage treatment system |
| CN116239232A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-06-09 | 重庆大学 | Suspended microalgae biomembrane particle reactor and sewage treatment method |
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| CN1433975A (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2003-08-06 | 邓元中 | Process for treating sewage and waste water |
| RU2439001C1 (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-01-10 | Лев Серафимович Скворцов | Method of treating waste water |
| CN105174476B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-08-01 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Activated sludge and microalgae coupling particle system and its structure and operation method for wastewater treatment |
| CN105731656B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2019-02-22 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of rich algae trench system and processing method for the processing of farmland tail water |
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