CN1151384C - Method and apparatus for quick automatic determining potassium content - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for quick automatic determining potassium content Download PDFInfo
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- CN1151384C CN1151384C CNB991066979A CN99106697A CN1151384C CN 1151384 C CN1151384 C CN 1151384C CN B991066979 A CNB991066979 A CN B991066979A CN 99106697 A CN99106697 A CN 99106697A CN 1151384 C CN1151384 C CN 1151384C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for quickly and automatically measuring the content of potassium. The method comprises the steps that counting probes are put into a series of a standard samples of which the degree of mineralization is the same with that of the measured sample and of which the content of the potassium is different from that of the measured sample to measure one by one electric pulses generated by beta counting tubes because of beta radioactive rays generated by the potassium, and then a relation curve of the potassium contents of the standard samples and the corresponding count values is made; two counting probes are respectively put into the measured sample and a blank sample to respectively measure the electric pulse signals of the measured sample and natural background radiation; after the signals measured by the two probes are processed, the signals are input into a CPU micro-processing unit to be executed in a data processing mode, and then the potassium content of the measured sample is obtained from a standard curve according to the counting difference of the two probes. A special-purpose device corresponds to the measuring method. The measuring method is simple and reliable; the device can directly and quickly measure the potassium content in real time; the measured sample can not be polluted, and a measuring result is reliable and stable. Besides, the device has the advantages of corrosion resistance, less salt coagulation and high measuring precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic measurement technique, especially a kind of method and apparatus of quick automatic determining potassium content.
Background technology
In the performance history of salt lake, in time understand the online situation of change of potassium content in the situation of change of potassium content in liquid and the solid mineral deposit and the sylvite production procedure, and potassium content (potassium chloride grade, glazier's salt grade and potassium nitrate grade) etc. is crucial in the sylvite product.How to measure the potassium content in above-mentioned solution and the solid sample, become an important topic in salt lake exploitation and the sylvite production run.Conventional method is according to the site specific hand sampling, analyze with gravimetric method, volumetric method or with instruments such as ion-selective electrode, atomic absorption, these methods are come relatively for long between saying that formality is numerous, required and advancing, and can not satisfy the requirement of on-line analysis in the dynamic monitoring and sylvite production procedure in the bittern recovery process.
In recent years, utilize the special nature of radioactive isotope and matter interaction, radioactivity is used for the Automatic Measurement Technique field has obtained a lot of achievements.Utilize the method for radioactivity survey potassium content to be based on three kinds of isotopes of potassium in the natural conditions
39K,
40K,
41Among the K, only
40K has radioactivity, and its half life period is 1.3 * 10
9Year, so
40The content of K can be considered fixing (≈ 0.012%) in potassium element.By measuring
40K just can learn the total content of potassium element.
40K in decay process, can radiate have continuous spectrum, ceiling capacity is that β particle and the energy of E (β)=1.33MeV is the γ quantum of E (γ)=1.46MeV.At present, adopting more measurement potassium method abroad is to measure
40The gamma-emitting method of K., in sylvite production procedure on-line analysis, adopt and survey the gamma activity method and measure potassium content as the Ke Lifulan sylvite company of the U.S..Also there is similar report in Canada with Germany.Measuring gamma-emitting advantage is that its penetration capacity is more much better than than β ray, but is subjected to the interference of other gamma-rays and cosmic rays etc. easily, must adopt reliable lead shield.This measures for potassium content monitoring in salt lake field condition bittern and the solid ore deposit and the sylvite product content that do not have a fixed-site and brings a lot of difficulties.Under laboratory condition, adopt and measure
40The method that K β ray is surveyed potassium content just has report as far back as the fifties.But in the sylvite production procedure and salt lake high concentration bittern carry out potassium directly, fast measuring do not see reported in literature as yet.And application is arranged in others, developed by the HF type trick of microcomputer (TP-801) control as Mudanjiang Wu of Development Office of Electronic Instruments Plant comb roc etc. and stain measuring instrument, in order to measure the situation that the β ray stains human body.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for a kind of method of utilizing the quick automatic determining potassium content that potassium beta determination content, measuring method are simple, reliable, measuring accuracy is high is provided.
Another object of the present invention be for provide a kind of not only can be used for solid sample but also can be used for can measuring potassium content directly, fast, in real time in the high concentration bittern of fluid sample, do not pollute sample, the equipment of measurement result is reliable, stable, corrosion-resistant, salt crust few, accuracy of measurement is high when surveying the method that is used for quick automatic determining potassium content.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
A kind of method of quick automatic determining potassium content comprises the steps: that the counting probe that (1) will be made by beta counter tube put into the series standard sample consistent with the sample salinity, that potassium content is different, measure the β radioactive ray that potassium produces one by one by the same time and cause the electric pulse that beta counter tube produces, make the relation curve of standard model potassium content and corresponding count value then; (2) then a counting probe is put into sample, measure the electric impulse signal that the sample potassium content adds natural background radiation; Another counting probe is put into the electric impulse signal that blank sample is measured natural background radiation; (3) signal that two probes are recorded inputs to after treatment and carries out data processing in the CPU microprocessing unit, the difference of two countings of popping one's head in is drawn the potassium content of sample from typical curve again.Described CPU microprocessing unit is to add that by known 80C31 chip monitoring, counting, data processing and DCP constitute.
Another object of the present invention can realize by following measure:
A kind of equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content comprises sample probe and blank sample probe; Sample probe and blank sample probe prop up beta counter tube by 7-14 and form; Beta counter tube is fixed on the organic glass carriage, is provided with double-deck isolating cap at the counter tube two ends; Distance between the beta counter tube of described probe is at least 1 centimetre.The measuring-signal of its sample probe and blank sample probe all links to each other with circuitry for signal measurement; Circuitry for signal measurement comprises and corresponding signal amplification, negative circuit, single track circuit and the CPU microprocessing unit circuit of two probes; Wherein the signal of two probe outputs respectively through signal amplify, negative circuit handle after output signal link to each other with the single track circuit, and in the single track circuit, compare back output count signal to CPU microprocessing unit circuit with upper and lower threshold voltage, by CPU two probes are counted to subtract each other to obtain potassium content.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, the present invention utilizes the method for measuring potassium β radioactive ray to measure the potassium content of sample, and the potassium content of first bioassay standard sample is also made typical curve, then two β counting probe is put into sample and blank sample, count respectively, by CPU the sample counting is subtracted each other the back with the blank sample counting and draw the sample potassium content from typical curve, so not only deducted natural background radiation and drawn potassium content accurately, thereby measuring method of the present invention is simple, reliable and the measuring accuracy height to the influence of counting but also from typical curve.
2, equipment of the present invention adopts two probes to measure sample and natural background radiation respectively, and count respectively, then the counting of sample is deducted the counting of natural background radiation, obtain the counting of sample potassium content, so just got rid of the influence that natural background radiation produces, can improve greatly and survey the potassium precision.
3, the probe of equipment of the present invention adopts 7-14 to prop up beta counter tube parallel running counting, can improve count sensitivity.
4, the electrode of the probe of equipment of the present invention seals with double-deck isolating cap, can be used for solution and salt lake bittern for a long time, and does not pollute sample.
5, the beta counter tube of equipment of the present invention is fixed with organic glass, and separated by a distance between the counter tube, can reduce the scattering and the backscattering of ray effectively.
6, the circuitry for signal measurement of equipment of the present invention adopts low-temperature device, and Overall Power Consumption is low.
7, equipment of the present invention can directly, fast, in real time, accurately, stably be measured the content of potassium ion in the high concentration bittern, for the bittern sample of KCL content 〉=10g/L, relative error≤5%.
Description of drawings
Concrete structure of the present invention is provided by the following drawings:
Fig. 1 is a unit construction principle synoptic diagram of the present invention
1-sample probe, 2-carriage, 3-counter tube, 4-isolating cap
5-blank sample probe, 6-circuitry for signal measurement
Fig. 2 is that the signal of equipment of the present invention amplifies, anti-phase, single track circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 3 is counting, the data processing software main flow chart of equipment of the present invention
Embodiment
The present invention also incites somebody to action in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and 1,2,3 embodiment are described in further detail:
A kind of method of quick automatic determining potassium content comprises the steps: that the counting probe that (1) will be made by beta counter tube put into the series standard sample consistent with the sample salinity, that potassium content is different, measure the β radioactive ray that potassium produces one by one by the same time and cause the electric pulse that beta counter tube produces, make the relation curve of standard model potassium content and corresponding count value then; (2) then a counting probe is put into sample, measure the electric impulse signal that the sample potassium content adds natural background radiation; Another counting probe is put into the electric impulse signal that blank sample is measured natural background radiation; (3) signal that two probes are recorded inputs to after treatment and carries out data processing in the CPU microprocessing unit, the difference of two countings of popping one's head in is drawn the potassium content of sample from typical curve again.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content comprises sample probe 1 and blank sample probe 5; The measuring-signal of its sample probe 1 and blank sample probe 5 is formed by 7-14 beta counter tube 3; Beta counter tube 3 is fixed on the organic glass carriage 2, is provided with double-deck isolating cap 4 at counter tube 3 two ends.Distance is 1 centimetre between every beta counter tube 3.The measuring-signal of sample probe 1 and blank probe 5 all links to each other with circuitry for signal measurement 6; Circuitry for signal measurement 6 comprises and corresponding signal amplification, negative circuit, single track circuit and the CPU microprocessing unit circuit of two probes; Wherein the signal of two probe outputs respectively through signal amplify, negative circuit handle after output signal link to each other with the single track circuit, and in the single track circuit, compare back output count signal to CPU microprocessing unit circuit with the upper and lower voltage threshold of setting, by CPU two probes are counted to subtract each other to obtain potassium content.Described CPU microprocessing unit is made up of known 80C31 chip and monitoring, counting, data processing and data communication software.
With reference to Fig. 2, the embodiment of equipment of the present invention amplifies, anti-phase, single track circuit theory diagrams.Signal amplification in the described circuitry for signal measurement 6, negative circuit are by inverting amplifier IC
1And inverter ic
2Constitute; Described inverting amplifier IC
1, inverter ic
2Be to constitute by high-operational amplifier OP-07; Signal and inverting amplifier IC that probe 1,5 is measured
1Link to each other, by inverter ic
2Output.Described single track circuit comprises two voltage comparator ics
3, IC
4, inverter ic
5, IC
6, monostalbe trigger IC
7, IC
8, IC
9And R-S trigger; By signal and the voltage comparator ic that the signal in the circuitry for signal measurement amplifies, negative circuit is exported
3, IC
4"-" end link to each other, at IC
3, IC
4"+" end the upper and lower threshold value V of comparative voltage is set respectively
THAnd V
TLComparer IC
3, IC
4Output terminal respectively with inverter ic
5, IC
6Input end link to each other; Inverter ic
5, IC
6Output terminal send out device IC with monostable shake-up respectively
7, IC
8Input end link to each other; Correspondence is provided with voltage lower threshold value V
TLComparer IC
4Monostalbe trigger IC
8Though output terminal divide and Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Input end and monostalbe trigger IC
9Input end link to each other; Monostalbe trigger IC
7, IC
9Output terminal all link to each other with the input end of R-S trigger; The output terminal of R-S trigger also with Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Input end link to each other Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Output terminal link to each other with the data terminal of the CPU of CPU microprocessing unit circuit.Described voltage comparator ic
3, IC
4Be to constitute by LM239, monostalbe trigger IC
7, IC
8, IC
9Be to constitute by 74HC123.
With reference to Fig. 3, be the main flow chart of counting of the present invention, data processing software.Described software mainly is made up of watchdog routine, counting procedure, data processor and DCP four module.After the instrument start, program at first checks whether connect keyboard, then enters the keyboard monitor state in this way, carries out the keyboard service routine, comprises self check, parameter is set, demonstration and modification gate time etc.Program enters counting module then, counts automatically by setting-up time.Data self-care program carries out averaging as last measured value behind the digital filtering to repeatedly counting.The gained result is transferred to principal computer by DCP.During on-line automatic at the scene measurement, do not carry out the keyboard service routine, by setting cycle and time measure automatically, data processing and data transmission.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method of quick automatic determining potassium content, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: that (1) will put into the series standard sample consistent with the sample salinity, that potassium content is different by the counting probe that beta counter tube is made, measure the β radioactive ray that potassium produces one by one by the same time and cause the electric pulse that beta counter tube produces, make the relation curve of standard model potassium content and corresponding count value then; (2) then a counting probe is put into sample, measure the electric impulse signal that the sample potassium content adds natural background radiation; Another counting probe is put into the electric impulse signal that blank sample is measured natural background radiation; (3) signal that two probes are recorded inputs to after treatment and carries out data processing in the CPU microprocessing unit, the difference of two countings of popping one's head in is drawn the potassium content of sample from typical curve again.
2, a kind of equipment that is used for the method for the described quick automatic determining potassium content of claim 1 is characterized in that comprising sample probe (1) and blank sample probe (5); The measuring-signal of its sample probe (1) and blank sample probe (5) all links to each other with circuitry for signal measurement (6); Circuitry for signal measurement (6) comprises and corresponding signal amplification, negative circuit, single track circuit and the CPU microprocessing unit circuit of two probes; Wherein the signal of two probe outputs respectively through signal amplify, negative circuit handle after output signal link to each other with the single track circuit, and in the single track circuit, compare back output count signal to CPU microprocessing unit circuit with the upper and lower voltage threshold of setting, by CPU two probes are counted to subtract each other to obtain potassium content.
3, the equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described sample probe (1) and blank sample probe (5) props up beta counter tube (3) by 7-14 and forms; Beta counter tube (3) is fixed on the carriage (2), is provided with isolating cap (4) at counter tube (3) two ends.
4, the equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that distance is at least 1 centimetre between the beta counter tube (3) of described probe.
5, the equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the signal in the circuitry for signal measurement (6) amplifies, negative circuit is by inverting amplifier IC
1And inverter ic
2Constitute; Signal and inverting amplifier IC that sample probe (1) and blank sample probe (5) are measured
1Link to each other, by inverter ic
2Output.
6, the equipment that is used for the method for quick automatic determining potassium content as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the single track circuit in the described circuitry for signal measurement comprises two voltage comparator ics
3, IC
4, inverter ic
5, IC
6, monostalbe trigger IC
7, IC
8, IC
9And R-S trigger; By signal and the voltage comparator ic that the signal in the circuitry for signal measurement amplifies, negative circuit is exported
3, IC
4"-" end link to each other, at IC
3, IC
4"+" end the upper and lower threshold value V of comparative voltage is set respectively
THAnd V
TLComparer IC
3, IC
4Output terminal respectively with monostalbe trigger IC
5, IC
6Input end link to each other; Inverter ic
5, IC
6Output terminal respectively with monostable trigger IC
7, IC
8Input end link to each other; Correspondence is provided with voltage lower threshold value V
TL, comparer IC
4Monostalbe trigger IC
8Output terminal respectively with Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Input end and monostalbe trigger IC
9Input end link to each other; Monostalbe trigger IC
7, IC
9Output terminal all link to each other with the input end of R-S trigger; The output terminal of R S trigger also with Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Input end link to each other Sheffer stroke gate IC
10Output terminal link to each other with the data terminal of the CPU of CPU microprocessing unit circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991066979A CN1151384C (en) | 1999-05-26 | 1999-05-26 | Method and apparatus for quick automatic determining potassium content |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991066979A CN1151384C (en) | 1999-05-26 | 1999-05-26 | Method and apparatus for quick automatic determining potassium content |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1275716A CN1275716A (en) | 2000-12-06 |
| CN1151384C true CN1151384C (en) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=5272482
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991066979A Expired - Fee Related CN1151384C (en) | 1999-05-26 | 1999-05-26 | Method and apparatus for quick automatic determining potassium content |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1151384C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100420937C (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2008-09-24 | 清华大学 | Method for monitoring positioning of vehicle radioactive substance and its device |
| CN103852475B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Multichannel potassium measuring instrument based on gamma ray |
| CN103901051A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Single-path potassium measuring instrument based on beta rays |
| CN104406991A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Method for quickly measuring content of potassium ions in liquid samples |
| CN104374793A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-02-25 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Method for quickly measuring content of potassium ions in solid sample |
| CN111323808B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2023-08-01 | 昆明天龙经纬电子科技有限公司 | Nuclear radiation sensor with self-checking function without radioactive source |
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1999
- 1999-05-26 CN CNB991066979A patent/CN1151384C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1275716A (en) | 2000-12-06 |
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