CN111335882A - Uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with natural gamma detector - Google Patents
Uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with natural gamma detector Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses a uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector. Firstly, according to the difference of underground ore bed depths, obtaining background-removed natural gamma energy spectrums of current depth intervals according to fixed interval depth values, and enabling the obtained gamma energy spectrums not to be interfered by stratum environments; and then, performing time domain-frequency domain conversion on the energy spectrum without the background, eliminating the frequency spectrum components of the interference source in a frequency domain, and inhibiting the unnecessary frequency spectrum components. And finally, comparing the total counting rate of the energy spectrum data subjected to noise reduction with the detection limit counting rate when the instrument is calibrated, and judging the time for turning on or turning off the neutron generator. The method combines the high efficiency of natural gamma well logging and the accuracy of uranium fission prompt neutron well logging, can quickly and effectively improve the uranium fission prompt neutron well logging efficiency, and has important practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the logging efficiency of radioactive solid mineral products, belongs to the field of uranium resource exploration, and particularly relates to a uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector, aiming at solving the problem that the traditional uranium fission prompt neutron logging measurement efficiency is low.
Background
In uranium resource exploration, the uranium deposit reserves determine the industrial exploitation value and the economic value of a uranium deposit, and the reliability and the accuracy of a uranium deposit logging measurement result must be ensured. The uranium ore in China is mainly sandstone-type uranium ore, and the thickness of an ore layer is generally thinner and the content is lower. For many reasons, the exploration technology level of the method is obviously behind that of the nuclear major countries such as America and Europe, the exploration method mainly takes the traditional natural gamma logging (including gamma total logging and gamma energy spectrum logging) as the main part, the radioactive intensity of decay daughter radium generated by a uranium decay chain is measured, the content of stratum uranium is reversely deduced by an interpretation method, the accuracy of the result can be ensured only by correcting a core sampling analysis balance coefficient, and the method is not suitable for the exploration of sandstone type uranium ores with unbalanced radioactivity.
The newly developed uranium fission prompt neutron logging method is not interfered by radioactive elements except uranium, can effectively solve the problem of quantitative interpretation of uranium ore in a radioactive imbalance area, and is an ideal method for uranium ore quantification. The uranium fission prompt neutron logging is a logging technique for recording prompt fission neutron information in stratum by utilizing neutron detector to implement direct uranium logging, and its principle is that the downhole neutron generator placed in the borehole can be used to produce fast neutron, after the fast neutron is fed into borehole and stratum, it can be mixed with atomic nucleus of contained substance235U) nuclear fission reaction occurs, a neutron detector is utilized to record fission neutron decay time spectrum information in the stratum, and the uranium content in the stratum can be directly calculated through analysis and calculation. The method overcomes the problem of radioactivity equilibrium in principle, greatly saves the exploration cost and improves the detection efficiency.
However, uranium fission prompt neutron logging is generally slower (about 1/6 for gamma logging) relative to gamma logging methods, and the slower detection speed undoubtedly increases the detection cost because the high yield characteristic of a pulsed neutron source affects its service life. The method combines the high efficiency of natural gamma well logging and the accuracy of uranium fission prompt neutron well logging, is suitable for the fields of uranium mine exploration and in-situ uranium leaching of radioactive element symbiosis, and can quickly and effectively perform uranium fission prompt neutron well logging, so the method has important practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing an automatic control method for uranium fission prompt neutron well logging, which can solve the problem of low measurement efficiency of the conventional uranium fission prompt neutron well logging. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: providing a detector mode fusing natural gamma and pulse neutrons, and changing the state of a neutron generating device by combining the characteristic peak type of a gamma energy spectrum, namely when detecting that the gamma energy spectrum counting rate of the current ore bed is abnormal, opening the neutron generating device to perform uranium fission prompt neutron logging, and acquiring the ratio of epithermal neutrons to thermal neutrons to represent the uranium content of the current ore bed; and when the abnormal end of the counting rate of the gamma energy spectrum is detected, closing the neutron generating device and only carrying out natural gamma energy spectrum acquisition.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector comprises the following steps:
step (1), acquiring a natural gamma energy spectrum in real time according to the depth values at equal intervals:
according to different depths of underground ore layers, natural gamma energy spectrums of current depth intervals are obtained according to depth values of fixed intervals, the natural gamma energy spectrums obtained by the initial depth values are used as background spectrums, and the background spectrums are removed from the subsequently collected natural gamma energy spectrums to obtain background-removed energy spectrums which are not interfered by stratum environments.
And (2) carrying out noise reduction treatment to eliminate the noise influence in the gamma energy spectrum energy window:
performing time domain-frequency domain conversion on the energy spectrum with the background removed by using the energy spectrum data with different depths obtained in the step (1), eliminating the frequency spectrum components of an interference source in a frequency domain, and inhibiting the unnecessary frequency spectrum components; and then, carrying out frequency domain-time domain transformation on the processed frequency domain signal to finally obtain the energy spectrum data after noise reduction, and eliminating the influence of a series of factors such as environmental noise, electronic noise of the logging instrument, statistical fluctuation and the like.
And (3) judging whether the neutron generator is started or not according to the gamma energy spectrum data rate characteristics at different depths:
calculating the total counting rate of the energy spectrum by using the energy spectrum data obtained after noise reduction in the step (2), comparing the counting rate with the detection limit counting rate when the instrument is calibrated, and if the counting rates of the current depth interval and the subsequent n depth intervals (n is less than or equal to 3) are all greater than the detection limit counting rate, turning on a neutron generator to obtain the epithermal/thermal neutron time spectrum data of the uranium fission prompt neutron logging; otherwise, turning off the neutron generator, acquiring natural gamma logging, and waiting for the next abnormity.
Wherein, the step (1) is realized by the following steps:
step (11), lowering the logging probe to the bottom of the well through a cable by utilizing ground winch equipment;
step (12), the ground winch equipment lifts the probe at a fixed speed (not less than 120m/s) through a cable, natural gamma measurement is carried out at intervals of fixed depth (not less than 10cm), and the minimum value of the gamma energy spectrum which is measured at the beginning is used as a background spectrum;
and (13) sequentially subtracting the background spectrum counting rate from the measured gamma energy spectrum counting rates of different depths according to the energy increasing sequence to obtain a background-removed energy spectrum which is not interfered by the formation environment.
The step (2) is specifically realized by the following steps:
performing wavelet conversion on the energy spectrum without the background, truncating the gamma energy spectrum according to energy, and selecting 0.609 MeV-2.204 MeV covering the characteristic peak range of uranium, thorium and potassium as a de-noised gamma energy spectrum;
step (22), transforming the energy spectrum from a time domain to a frequency domain, performing multi-layer decomposition on the gamma energy spectrum by utilizing wavelet transformation, and determining a threshold value of noise;
step (23), denoising the gamma energy spectrum, and converting the gamma energy spectrum from a frequency domain to a time domain;
wherein, the step (3) is realized by the following steps:
cutting the gamma energy spectrum according to energy, and selecting all counting rates within 0.609 MeV-2.204 MeV covering the characteristic peak range of uranium, thorium and potassium as a total characteristic counting rate to be used as a basis for judging the starting and stopping of a neutron generator;
step (32), recording a total counting rate corresponding to a U content detection limit in the scale of the model well;
step (33), the counting rate obtained in the step (31) is compared with the counting rate obtained in the step (32), if the counting rates of the current depth interval and the subsequent n depth intervals are both greater than the detection limit counting rate, the ore layer contains uranium ore, at the moment, a neutron generator is started, the epithermal/thermal neutron time spectrum data of uranium fission prompt neutron logging is obtained, and content calculation is carried out; otherwise, the ore layer does not contain uranium ore or the uranium content of the ore layer is low, at the moment, the neutron generator is turned off, and only natural gamma energy spectrum measurement is carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method adopts a wavelet transform method to eliminate noise, avoids the process of mistakenly starting the neutron generator due to noise, and achieves the effect of fast and accurately performing uranium fission prompt neutron logging.
(2) The invention adopts the mode of comparing the counting rate of the total gamma energy spectrum with the detection limit counting rate at equal depth intervals to start the neutron generator, has simple and easy operation process, can further reduce the time consumption and improve the efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fusing a natural gamma detector in the invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a process for eliminating the effect of noise in the energy window of the gamma spectrum.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
A uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector combines the high efficiency of natural gamma logging and the accuracy of uranium fission prompt neutron logging. The embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2:
(1) acquiring natural gamma energy spectrum information at different depths:
a) lowering the logging probe to the bottom of the well through a cable by utilizing ground winch equipment and a ground control system, and recording the current depth z;
b) the ground winch equipment lifts the probe pipe at a fixed speed (more than or equal to 120m/s) through a cable, natural gamma measurement is carried out at intervals of fixed depth (more than or equal to 10cm), and the counting rate N (z, E) of the current depth z along with energy change is obtained, wherein E represents gamma energy (unit: MeV);
c) taking the minimum value from the gamma energy spectrum measured from the beginning of recording to the gamma energy spectrum entering the ore bed as a background spectrum N0(z, E) to obtain a background spectrum N' (z, E) -N0(z,E)；
(2) Carrying out noise reduction treatment to eliminate the noise influence in the gamma energy spectrum energy window:
a) e ∈ [0.609,2.204] covering the characteristic peak range of uranium, thorium and potassium is selected to reduce the energy spectrum denoising range to obtain N' (z, E);
b) selecting a Coiflet wavelet to perform 10-scale wavelet decomposition on the energy spectrum N' (z, E), processing the energy spectrum of 3 scales by using a HeurSure method, and determining a noise threshold; processing an approximated energy spectrum signal N at the 10 th scale10Details D1、D2、…、D10All of the coefficients of (2) are set to zero and then summed with N10Together, the wavelet inverse transformation is carried out to obtain N10The reconstructed energy spectrum of (3);
c) will N3Subtracting N from the reconstructed signal10Reconstructing the signal to obtain the energy spectrum after removing the noise
(3) And (3) judging whether the neutron generator is started or not according to the gamma energy spectrum data rate characteristics of different depths:
a) to pair
All counting rates are accumulated to obtain the total counting rate
And the detection limit spectrum obtained in calibration is also in accordance with E ∈ [0.609,2.204]Are added according to the summation to obtain
b) Judging the difference between the current depth total count rate and the detection limit count rate
And if the result is true, continuing to judge, otherwise, still performing natural gamma logging.
c) Judging whether the difference between the total count rate of the subsequent 2-3 depths and the detection limit count rate is greater than 0, if so, turning on a neutron generator to carry out prompt neutron logging; if one of the results is false, then natural gamma logging is continued.
Example 1
The invention selects a certain mine section during actual logging as an application example. Other log field processing please refer to this process.
(1) Obtaining the drilling depth through drilling record, and lowering the logging probe to the bottom of the well through a cable by using ground winch equipment and a ground control system, wherein the maximum depth is recorded as 128.50 m;
(2) the ground winch equipment lifts the probe at the speed of 120m/s through a cable, natural gamma measurement is carried out at intervals of 10cm, and an original gamma energy spectrum N (z, E) of the current depth z along with energy change is obtained;
(3) comparing the gamma energy spectrum from the starting depth (128.50m) with the total counting rate in the gamma energy spectrum after entering the ore bed (127.90m) one by one at intervals of 10cm, and taking the minimum value of the counting rate corresponding to each energy as a background spectrum; subtracting local spectrum data from each gamma energy spectrum from small to large according to the energy to obtain background-removed gamma energy spectrums N' (z, E);
(4) e ∈ [0.609 and 2.204] in the characteristic peak range is selected, and the energy spectrum denoising range is narrowed to obtain N' (z and E);
(5) wavelet decomposition is carried out on the energy spectrum N' (z, E) by selecting the Coiflet wavelet with 10 scales, and an approximation signal N is obtained by decomposition1、N2、…、N10；
(6) A HeurSure function method is adopted for wavelet coefficients on the scale of 1-3, filtering processing on each scale is achieved, and noise interference is removed;
(7) processing an approximated energy spectrum signal N at the 10 th scale10Details D1、D2、…、D10Is all set to zero and then is summed with N10Performing wavelet inverse transformation to obtain N10The reconstructed energy spectrum of (3);
(8) will N3Subtracting N from the reconstructed signal10Reconstructing the signal to obtain the energy spectrum after removing the noise
(9) Accumulating all counting rates of N' (z, E) to obtain total counting rate
And the detection limit spectrum obtained in calibration is also in accordance with E ∈ [0.609,2.204]Are added according to the summation to obtain
(10) Judging the difference between the current depth total count rate and the detection limit count rate
And if the result is true, continuing to judge, otherwise, still performing natural gamma logging.
(11) Judging whether the difference between the total count rate of the subsequent 2-3 depths and the detection limit count rate is greater than 0, if so, opening a neutron generator to perform prompt neutron logging; if one of the results is false, then natural gamma logging is continued.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), acquiring a natural gamma energy spectrum in real time according to the depth values at equal intervals:
according to different depths of underground ore layers, acquiring natural gamma energy spectrums of current depth intervals according to depth values of fixed intervals, taking the natural gamma energy spectrums obtained from the primary depth values as background spectrums, and removing the background spectrums from the subsequently acquired natural gamma energy spectrums to obtain background-removed energy spectrums which are not interfered by stratum environments;
and (2) carrying out noise reduction treatment to eliminate the noise influence in the gamma energy spectrum energy window:
performing time domain-frequency domain conversion on the energy spectrum with the background removed by using the energy spectrum data with different depths obtained in the step (1), eliminating the frequency spectrum components of an interference source in a frequency domain, and inhibiting the unnecessary frequency spectrum components; then, performing frequency domain-time domain transformation on the processed frequency domain signal to finally obtain energy spectrum data after noise reduction, and eliminating the influence of a series of factors such as environmental noise, electronic noise of a logging instrument, statistical fluctuation and the like;
and (3) judging whether the neutron generator is started or not according to the gamma energy spectrum data rate characteristics at different depths:
calculating the total counting rate of the energy spectrum by using the energy spectrum data obtained after noise reduction in the step (2), comparing the counting rate with the detection limit counting rate when the instrument is calibrated, and if the counting rates of the current depth interval and the subsequent n depth intervals (n is less than or equal to 3) are both greater than the detection limit counting rate, turning on a neutron generator to obtain the epithermal/thermal neutron time spectrum data of the uranium fission prompt neutron logging; otherwise, turning off the neutron generator, acquiring natural gamma logging, and waiting for the next abnormity.
2. A uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step (2) is specifically realized by the following steps:
selecting E ∈ [0.609 and 2.204] covering the characteristic peak range of uranium, thorium and potassium as an energy spectrum denoising part N' (z, E);
and (22) selecting a Coiflet wavelet to perform 10-scale wavelet decomposition on the energy spectrum N' (z, E) to obtain an approximation signal N1、N2、…、N10(ii) a Processing the energy spectrums of 3 scales by using a HeurSure method, and determining a threshold value of noise; processing an approximated energy spectrum signal N at the 10 th scale10A high frequency part D1、D2、…、D10Are all set to zero, together with N10Performing wavelet inverse transformation to obtain N10The reconstructed energy spectrum of (3);
step (23) of adding N3Subtracting N from the reconstructed signal10And reconstructing the signal to obtain the energy spectrum N (z, E) after the noise is removed.
3. A uranium fission prompt neutron logging control method fused with a natural gamma detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step (3) is specifically realized by the following steps:
cutting the gamma energy spectrum according to energy, and selecting all counting rates within 0.609 MeV-2.204 MeV covering the characteristic peak range of uranium, thorium and potassium as a total characteristic counting rate to be used as a basis for judging the starting and stopping of a neutron generator;
step (32), recording a total counting rate corresponding to a U content detection limit in the scale of the model well;
step (33), the counting rate obtained in the step (31) is compared with the counting rate obtained in the step (32), if the counting rates of the current depth interval and the subsequent n depth intervals are both greater than the detection limit counting rate, the ore layer contains uranium ore, at the moment, a neutron generator is started, the epithermal/thermal neutron time spectrum data of uranium fission prompt neutron logging is obtained, and content calculation is carried out; otherwise, the ore layer does not contain uranium ore or the uranium content of the ore layer is low, at the moment, the neutron generator is turned off, and only natural gamma energy spectrum measurement is carried out.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112523741A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 东华理工大学 | Uranium ore quantitative scale coefficient solving method based on energy spectrum logging cross spectrum section |
| CN112523742A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 东华理工大学 | Uranium ore quantitative scale coefficient solving method based on energy spectrum logging characteristic spectrum section |
| CN115614022A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-17 | 东华理工大学 | In-situ correction method for uranium fission prompt neutron logging borehole water layer |
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