CN115136776B - Vegetable transplanting machine and duckbill planting device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A vegetable transplanting machine and a duckbill planting device thereof, the vegetable transplanting machine comprises a duckbill planting device, the duckbill planting device comprises: the main transmission case comprises a case body and a transmission mechanism arranged on the case body; the duckbill planter is connected with a slideway rack through a four-bar mechanism, and the slideway rack is connected with the main transmission case; the plant spacing adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main transmission case; the control mechanism comprises a crank cam, a duckbill opening and closing control swing rod and a stay wire, wherein the crank cam is connected with the transmission mechanism, one end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with the crank cam through a small wheel, the other end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with one end of the stay wire, the other end of the stay wire is connected with the duckbill planting device, and the crank cam pushes the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod to swing so as to pull the stay wire to control the duckbill of the duckbill planting device to be opened or closed; and the duckbill protection mechanism is respectively connected with the control mechanism, the four-bar mechanism and the plant spacing adjusting mechanism.

Description

Vegetable transplanting machine and duckbill planting device thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a vegetable transplanting machine with an adjustable planting static track and a duckbill planting device thereof.

Background

The seedling transplanting can effectively shorten the growth period of crops, make up adverse effects caused by seasons and climates, and is widely applied to vegetable planting links. At present, most of the transplanting machines on the market are semiautomatic. The planting device is used as a core working component of the semi-automatic transplanting machine, and the structure and the performance of the planting device directly determine the planting quality. The existing transplanting machine planting devices mainly comprise hanging cups, duckbilled type, flexible disc type, clamp type, chain clamp type and the like. The duckbill planting device adopts a punching seedling dropping mode to perform planting, has strong planting adaptability, and can be used for transplanting in open field or on-film transplanting; the duckbill planting device usually adopts a multi-link mechanism or a planetary gear mechanism and the like, the design space is relatively large, and the planting device can realize different planting static tracks by adjusting the structure and the size parameters, so that the planting requirements of different crops are met.

The planting static track of the same duckbill planting device is mostly fixed, and when transplanting on a film, the planting requirement of the small hole can be met only near the set planting distance of the planting device. The excessive planting plant spacing can generate forward film tearing of the planting device, the excessive small planting device can lead the planting device to move backwards to carry the film, the large-scale adjustment of the plant spacing can increase the disturbance in the transplanting process on the film, large holes are formed in the mulching film, the too large holes even can generate the phenomenon of mulching film penetration when the plant spacing is too small, and the mulching film loses the efficacy of heat preservation and soil moisture preservation. Therefore, one transplanter can only meet the planting of vegetables within a certain plant spacing range. The vegetable variety is various, the planting plant spacing requirements of different crops and even the same type of crops in different areas are different, and when the target planting plant spacing is greatly deviated from the set planting plant spacing, the planting quality can be influenced by the large hole opening. The transplanting machine has poor universality and weak product competitiveness.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a vegetable transplanting machine and a duckbill planting device thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a duckbill planting device, comprising:

the main transmission case comprises a case body and a transmission mechanism arranged on the case body;

the duckbill planter is connected with a slideway rack through a four-bar mechanism, and the slideway rack is connected with the main transmission case;

the plant spacing adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main transmission case and is used for stepless adjustment between planting plant spacing;

the control mechanism comprises a crank cam, a duckbill opening and closing control swing rod and a stay wire, wherein the crank cam is connected with the transmission mechanism, one end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with the crank cam through a small wheel, the other end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with one end of the stay wire, the other end of the stay wire is connected with the duckbill planting device, and the crank cam pushes the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod to swing so as to pull the stay wire to control the duckbill of the duckbill planting device to open or close; and

the duckbill protection mechanism is respectively connected with the control mechanism, the four-bar mechanism and the plant spacing adjusting mechanism and is used for elastically retracting when the duckbill encounters hard stones or collides with the ground by mistake so as to avoid damage.

The duckbill planting device, wherein the duckbill protection mechanism comprises:

one end of the sliding rod is connected with the crank cam through a duckbill protection mounting plate;

the piston rod is provided with one end which is arranged in the baffle sleeve and slides along the axis of the baffle sleeve, the baffle sleeve is arranged in the other end of the slide rod, and the other end of the piston rod is provided with a hinged bearing sleeve; and

the protection spring is arranged in the sliding rod, and two ends of the protection spring are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the sliding rod and one end of the piston rod.

The duckbill planting device is characterized in that a limit nut is further arranged at one end of the piston rod, and the limit nut and the stop sleeve are jointly used for preventing the piston rod from sliding out of the slide rod and providing the pre-tightening force set by the protection spring.

The duckbill planting device, wherein, plant spacing adjustment mechanism includes:

the fixing frame is connected with the main transmission case, and a sliding groove is longitudinally formed in the fixing frame;

the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and slides up and down along the sliding groove, and pointers are arranged on two sides of the sliding block;

the screw rod is arranged in the chute and connected with the sliding block, and the screw rod rotates to drive the sliding block to move up and down;

the track adjusting shaft is connected with the lead screw, and the axis of the track adjusting shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw; and

the plant spacing adjusting scale is arranged on the outer side of the fixing frame, the pointer points to the plant spacing adjusting scale, and the plant spacing adjusting scale is provided with scales corresponding to the set plant spacing positions.

The duckbill planting device is characterized in that a fixing ring is arranged below the fixing frame and used for locking or loosening the screw rod, and the fixing ring is connected with the bottom end of the screw rod.

According to the duckbill planting device, two ends of the track adjusting shaft are respectively connected with the duckbill protection mechanism through the linear bearings.

The duckbill planting device described above, wherein the duckbill planting device includes:

one side of the planting main frame is provided with a mounting tube, and the mounting tube is connected with the four-bar mechanism; the upper end of the planting main frame is provided with a bell mouth;

the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame are symmetrically arranged and are respectively hinged with the planting main frame through duckbill opening and closing pin shafts, and duckbills are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame; the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame are respectively provided with a connecting part connected with the stay wire; and

the two ends of the duckbill return spring are respectively arranged on the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame;

the first duckbill frame is provided with a small pin shaft, the second duckbill frame is provided with a pin shaft groove matched with the small pin shaft, and the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame rotate in opposite directions for the same angle around the respective duckbill opening and closing pin shafts under the action of the stay wires.

The duckbill planting device, wherein the slideway rack comprises:

one end of the connecting square tube is connected with the box body through a sliding rod frame mounting plate, the other end of the connecting square tube is connected with the mounting square tube, and an included angle is formed between the mounting square tube and the connecting square tube;

and the sliding frame is arranged on the installation square tube and is provided with a slideway.

The duckbill planting device, wherein the four-bar mechanism comprises:

translating the connecting plate;

the row spacing adjusting connecting plate is arranged in parallel with the translation connecting plate;

the two ends of the planting swing rod are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate, and a swing rod connecting shaft used for being connected with the duckbill protection mechanism is arranged on the planting swing rod;

the two ends of the parallel swing rod are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate and are arranged in parallel with the planting swing rod;

the translation fixing mounting plate is arranged on the translation connecting plate, a translation bearing is arranged on the translation fixing mounting plate, and the translation bearing is arranged in the slideway and drives the four-bar mechanism to move along the slideway; and

one end of the planting angle adjusting rod is connected with the row spacing adjusting connecting plate, a planting angle adjusting pipe is sleeved on the planting angle adjusting rod, the duckbill planting device is connected with the planting angle adjusting pipe, and the planting angle adjusting pipe rotates around the planting angle adjusting rod to adjust the planting angle of the duckbill planting device.

In order to better achieve the aim, the invention also provides a vegetable transplanting machine comprising the duckbill planting device.

The invention has the technical effects that:

the invention can meet the requirements of planting hole openings with smaller plant distances and adjust the planting static track so as to ensure the planting quality at different plant distances. The stepless adjustment can be carried out between 100mm and 600mm of planting plant spacing in a convenient mode, so that the requirements of different crops or different planting plant spacing of the same crop in different areas can be met, and the universality of the planting device is improved.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a duckbill planting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main gear box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plant spacing adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a duckbill planter according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a four bar linkage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rack structure of a slide according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a duckbill protection mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of duckbill opening and closing control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein reference numerals are used to refer to

1 main transmission case

11 box body

111 main frame mounting plate

112 main frame side plate

113 slide block baffle

114 reinforcing plate

115 sealing triangle

12 transmission mechanism

121 big bevel gear shaft

122 big bevel gear

123 bevel pinion

124 sprocket shaft

125 big chain wheel

126 small chain wheel

2 gearbox sealing cover

3 plant spacing adjustment mechanism

31 fixing frame

32 slider

33 screw

34 fixing ring

35 track regulating spindle

36 pointer

37 plant spacing adjusting scale

38 linear bearing

4-fulcrum bearing seat

5 duckbill planting device

51 horn mouth

52 planting main frame

53 first duckbill holder

54 duckbill return spring

55 duckbill

56 second duckbill holder

57 duckbill pin-and-socket

58 mounting tube

59 row spacing set screw

6 control mechanism

61 crank cam

62 duckbill opening and closing control swing rod

63 stay wire

64 connecting shaft

65 small wheel

7 four-bar linkage

71 translational fixed mounting plate

72 translation connecting plate

73 planting swing rod

731 swing link connecting shaft

74 row spacing adjusting connecting plate

75 parallel swing rod

76 planting angle adjusting tube

761 planting angle set screw

762 planting angle fixing nut

763 planting angle adjusting rod

77 translational bearing

78 bearing limiting plate

8 slideway frame

81 slide bar frame mounting plate

82 connection square tube

83 installation square tube

84 carriage

85 slideway

9 duckbill protection mechanism

91 duckbill protection mounting plate

92 slide bar

93 protection spring

94 limit nut

95 piston rod

96-gear sleeve

97 hinge bearing sleeve

Detailed Description

The structural and operational principles of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the vegetable transplanting machine comprises a duckbill transplanting device, and the components, the structures, the mutual position relations, the connection relations, the functions and the like of other parts of the vegetable transplanting machine are all mature prior art, so that the description is omitted herein, and only the duckbill transplanting device is described in detail below.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a duckbill planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The duckbill planting device is suitable for the vegetable transplanting machine with adjustable planting static track on the open field and the film. The duckbill planting device comprises: the main transmission case 1 comprises a case 11 and a transmission mechanism 12 arranged on the case 11; the duckbill planting device 5 is connected with a slideway rack 8 through a four-bar mechanism 7, and the slideway rack 8 is connected with the main transmission case 1; the plant spacing adjusting mechanism 3 is arranged on one side of the main transmission case 1 and is used for stepless adjustment between planting plant spacing; the control mechanism 6 comprises a crank cam 61, a duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 and a pull wire 63, wherein the crank cam 61 is connected with the transmission mechanism 12, one end of the duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 is connected with the crank cam 61 through a small wheel 65, the other end of the duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 is connected with one end of the pull wire 63, the other end of the pull wire 63 is connected with the duckbill planting device 5, and the crank cam 61 pushes the duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 to swing so as to pull the pull wire 63 to control the duckbill 55 of the duckbill planting device 5 to be opened or closed; and a duckbill protection mechanism 9 respectively connected with the control mechanism 6, the four-bar mechanism 7 and the plant spacing adjustment mechanism 3, and used for elastically retracting the duckbill 55 to avoid damage when encountering hard stones or being collided with the ground by mistake.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main gear box 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The main transmission case 1 is a main transmission part and a bracket of a planting device, the case 11 is formed by welding plates such as a main frame mounting plate 111, a main frame side plate 112 and the like to form the case 11 part of the transmission case, wherein the main frame mounting plate 111 is provided with mounting holes, so that the main frame mounting plate 111 is fixedly mounted on a vegetable transplanting machine, and the main frame side plate 112 is cut with a long groove in the vertical direction, on one hand, the precision of plant spacing adjustment in the vertical direction can be ensured, and on the other hand, an important supporting effect is played on the track adjusting shaft 35. The sliding block baffle 113 is welded at a symmetrical position between the two main frame side plates 112, and the sliding block baffle 113 is provided with a mounting hole which can be used for fixing the fixing frame 31 of the plant spacing adjusting mechanism 3. The reinforcing plate 114 is welded on the two main frame side plates 112 and the sliding block baffle 113, the four sealing triangular pieces 115 are welded on the box body 11 of the transmission box, the surfaces of the four sealing triangular pieces are flush with the end surfaces of the main frame side plates 112, and threaded holes are formed in the sealing triangular pieces 115, so that the transmission box sealing cover 2 can be mounted on the box body 11 through bolts, and a dustproof effect is achieved. The transmission mechanism 12 comprises a large bevel gear shaft 121 and a sprocket shaft 124 which are arranged on the box body 11, a large bevel gear 122 is arranged on a spline of the large bevel gear shaft 121, and a small bevel gear 123, a large sprocket 125 and a small sprocket 126 are arranged on the sprocket shaft 124, and the large bevel gear 122 and the small bevel gear 123 are meshed for transmission.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant spacing adjustment mechanism 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The plant spacing adjustment mechanism 3 of the present embodiment includes: the fixed frame 31 is connected with the main transmission case 1, and a sliding groove is longitudinally arranged on the fixed frame 31; a sliding block 32 installed in the sliding groove and sliding up and down along the sliding groove, wherein pointers 36 are arranged on two sides of the sliding block 32; the screw rod 33 is arranged in the chute and connected with the sliding block 32, and the screw rod 33 rotates to drive the sliding block 32 to move up and down; a track adjusting shaft 35 connected to the screw 33, and an axis of the track adjusting shaft 35 is perpendicular to an axis of the screw 33; and a plant spacing adjusting scale 37 arranged outside the fixed frame 31, wherein the pointer 36 points to the plant spacing adjusting scale 37, and the plant spacing adjusting scale 37 is provided with a scale corresponding to the set plant spacing position. Wherein, a fixed ring 34 is arranged below the fixed frame 31 and used for locking or unlocking the screw rod 33, and the fixed ring 34 is connected with the bottom end of the screw rod 33. The two ends of the track adjusting shaft 35 are respectively connected with the duckbill protection mechanism 9 through linear bearings 38.

The fixing frame 31 of the present embodiment is formed by welding steel plates, the sliding block 32 is placed in a sliding groove of the fixing frame 31, the sliding groove can slide up and down, the screw 33 is inserted into a mounting hole of the fixing frame 31 from above and meshed with the sliding block 32, and the sliding block 32 can be adjusted to move up and down by rotating the screw 33. The fixed ring 34 is arranged below the fixed frame 31, the handle of the fixed ring 34 is rotated to lock the screw 33, and when the screw 33 needs to be rotated, the handle of the fixed ring 34 is reversely rotated again to release. The track adjusting shaft 35 is inserted into the hole of the slider 32 and can slide in the hole to some extent. Two pointers 36 are arranged on two end faces of the sliding block 32, the pointers 36 point to the plant spacing adjusting scale 37, the scale positions of the plant spacing adjusting scale 37 are finally determined through theoretical calculation and simulation, the pointers 36 point to the plant spacing positions correspondingly set, and the planting track of the duckbill planting device at the corresponding plant spacing meets the planting requirement.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a duckbill planter 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The duckbill planter 5 of the present invention comprises: one side of the planting main frame 52 is provided with a mounting tube 58, and the mounting tube 58 is connected with the four-bar mechanism 7; the upper end of the planting main frame 52 is provided with a horn mouth 51; the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56 which are symmetrically arranged are respectively hinged with the planting main frame 52 through duckbill opening and closing pin shafts 57, and duckbills 55 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56; the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56 are respectively provided with a connecting part connected with the pull wire 63; and a duckbill return spring 54 having both ends mounted on the first and second duckbill frames 53 and 56, respectively; the first duckbill frame 53 is provided with a small pin shaft, the second duckbill frame 56 is provided with a pin shaft groove adapted to the small pin shaft, and the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56 rotate in opposite directions by the same angle around the respective duckbill opening and closing pin shafts 57 under the action of the pull wire 63.

The planting main frame 52 of the embodiment is formed by welding steel plates, a first duckbill frame 53 and a second duckbill frame 56 are hinged with the planting main frame 52 through a duckbill folding pin 57, two duckbills 55 are welded on the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56 respectively, as the first duckbill frame 53 is provided with a small protruding pin shaft, the second duckbill frame 56 is provided with pin shaft grooves matched with each other, when one of the duckbill frames rotates around the duckbill folding pin 57, the other duckbill frame rotates reversely by the same angle, two ends of a duckbill return spring 54 are respectively pulled on the first duckbill frame 53 and the second duckbill frame 56, a horn mouth 51 is arranged above the planting main frame 52, a mounting tube 58 is welded on the planting main frame 52, and a row spacing set screw 59 is screwed into a welding nut on the mounting tube 58.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a four-bar linkage 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The four-bar linkage 7 of the present embodiment includes: translating the web 72; a row spacing adjustment web 74 disposed parallel to the translation web 72; a planting swing rod 73, two ends of which are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate 72 and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate 74, wherein a swing rod connecting shaft 731 which is used for connecting with the duckbill protection mechanism 9 is arranged on the planting swing rod 73; a parallel swing rod 75, two ends of which are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate 72 and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate 74 and are arranged in parallel with the planting swing rod 73; the translation fixing mounting plate 71 is mounted on the translation connecting plate 72, a translation bearing 77 is arranged on the translation fixing mounting plate 71, and the translation bearing 77 is mounted in the slideway 85 and drives the four-bar mechanism 7 to move along the slideway 85; and a planting angle adjusting rod 763, one end of which is connected with the row spacing adjusting connecting plate 74, a planting angle adjusting tube 76 is sleeved on the planting angle adjusting rod 763, the duckbill planting device 5 is connected with the planting angle adjusting tube 76, and the planting angle adjusting tube 76 rotates around the planting angle adjusting rod 763 to adjust the planting angle of the duckbill planting device 5.

Wherein, the planting swing rod 73 and the parallel swing rod 75 form a group of opposite sides of the four-bar mechanism 7, the translation connecting plate 72 and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate 74 form another group of opposite sides of the four-bar mechanism 7, four corners of the four-bar mechanism 7 are all hinged, hinge points are all provided with pin shafts and bearings, and the planting swing rod is assembled with a swing rod connecting shaft 731. The translation fixing mounting plate 71 is mounted on the translation connecting plate 72 and shares two pin shafts with the translation connecting plate, two pairs of translation bearings 77 are mounted on the translation connecting plate 72 by using two bolts, and a bearing limiting plate 78 is mounted at the other end of each bolt and used for enhancing the mounting strength of the mounting bearings and limiting the distance between the two pairs of translation bearings 77. The planting angle adjusting lever 763 is welded to the row spacing adjusting connection plate 74, and the planting angle adjusting tube 76 is sleeved on the planting angle adjusting lever 763 and can rotate around the planting angle adjusting lever to adjust the planting angle. The planting angle fixing screw 761 is installed in the nut of the planting angle adjusting pipe 76, the planting angle fixing nut 762 is installed on the thread at one end of the planting angle adjusting rod 763, and the planting angle fixing screw and the planting angle adjusting pipe 76 are combined to fix the planting angle adjusting pipe.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a chute frame 8 according to an embodiment of the invention. The slide frame 8 of the present embodiment includes: one end of the connecting square tube 82 is connected with the box body 11 through a sliding rod frame mounting plate 81, the other end of the connecting square tube 82 is connected with a mounting square tube 83, and an included angle is formed between the mounting square tube 83 and the connecting square tube 82; the carriage 84 is mounted on the mounting square tube 83, and a slide rail 85 is provided on the carriage 84. Wherein the sliding rod frame mounting plate 81 is welded on the connecting pipe, so that the installation of the sliding rail frame 8 is facilitated, the installation square pipe 83 is welded on the connecting square pipe 82 and has a 75-degree included angle with the connecting square pipe, the sliding frame 84 is welded on the installation square pipe 83, and the sliding rail 85 is installed on the sliding frame 84.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a duckbill protection mechanism 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The duckbill protection mechanism 9 of the present embodiment includes: a slide bar 92, one end of which is connected to the crank cam 61 through a duckbill protection mounting plate 91; a piston rod 95, one end of which is installed in the blocking sleeve 96 and slides along the axis of the blocking sleeve 96, the blocking sleeve 96 is installed in the other end of the sliding rod 92, and the other end of the piston rod 95 is provided with a hinged bearing sleeve 97; and a protection spring 93 installed in the slide bar 92, wherein both ends of the protection spring 93 are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the slide bar 92 and one end of the piston rod 95. The piston rod 95 is further provided with a limit nut 94 at one end, and the limit nut 94 and a stop sleeve 96 are used together to prevent the piston rod 95 from sliding out of the slide rod 92 and provide a pre-tightening force set by the protection spring 93.

The connecting rod mounting plate is connected with the slide rod 92 through a bolt, the protective spring 93 is arranged in the slide rod 92, the limit nut 94 is arranged on the protective piston rod 95, the piston rod 95 is arranged in the baffle sleeve 96 and can slide in the baffle sleeve 96, the baffle sleeve 96 is fixedly arranged in the slide rod 92, the hinge bearing sleeve 97 is welded on the piston rod 95, and the limit nut 94 and the baffle sleeve 96 act together, so that the piston rod 95 is prevented from sliding out of the slide rod 92, and a certain pretightening force is given to the protective spring 93.

The working principle of the duckbill protection mechanism is as follows: when the duckbill planter 5 works normally, the piston rod 95 does not slide in the slide rod 92 under the pretightening force of the protection spring 93, but when the duckbill 55 encounters hard stones or collides with the ground by mistake, the duckbill planter 5 is prevented from moving downwards by resistance, but the crank cam 61 continues to rotate to drive the slide rod 92 to continue to move downwards, so that the four-bar linkage 7 is pushed, but the protection spring 93 continues to compress due to larger resistance until the crank cam 61 continues to rotate to lift the duckbill 55 upwards.

As shown in fig. 1, the fulcrum bearing seats 4 are respectively installed at both ends of the track adjusting shaft 35, and bearings are installed between the fulcrum bearing seats 4 and the track adjusting shaft 35 so that the fulcrum bearing seats 4 can rotate on the track adjusting shaft 35. The fulcrum bearing housing 4 is provided with a linear bearing 38, and the slide rod 92 is mounted in the linear bearing 38 so as to be slidable in the linear bearing 38. A pair of crank cams 61 are installed on the spline at both ends of the large bevel gear shaft 121 with a phase difference of 180 deg. to rotate with the large bevel gear shaft 121. The duckbill protection mounting plate 91 is hinged to the connecting shaft 64 on the crank cam 61, the connecting shaft 64 may be a welded shaft, and the hinge bearing housing 97 is hinged to the swing link connecting shaft 731 through a bearing. The slideway frame 8 is mounted on the main transmission case 1 through bolts, and the translation bearings 77 in the four-bar mechanism 7 slide in the slideway 85 of the slideway frame 8, and the translation fixed mounting plate 71 can only translate along the slideway 85 direction due to the fact that the two pairs of translation bearings 77 limit the rotation freedom of the translation fixed mounting plate 71. The mounting tube 58 is sleeved on the planting angle adjusting tube 76, and the planting row spacing is adjusted by adjusting the position on the planting angle adjusting tube 76.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing control of the duckbill 55 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 8, when the crank cam 61 rotates to a near stroke, the duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 is tightly attached to the cam surface of the crank cam 61 under the combined action of the stay wire 63 and the duckbill return spring 54, and the duckbill opening and closing control swinging rod 62 is highly attached to the cam by the small wheel 65, so that the stay wire 63 is in a loose state, and the duckbill 55 of the duckbill planting device 5 is closed; when the crank cam 61 is in a long distance, the crank cam 61 pushes the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod 62 to swing, and then pulls the stay wire 63 to open the duckbill 55.

When the seedling separating device works, power is transmitted into the sprocket shaft 124 through the large sprocket 125 by the motor through chain transmission, on one hand, the power can be output by the small sprocket 126 to drive the seedling separating device to throw seedlings or throw seedlings manually; on the other hand, the sprocket shaft 124 drives the large bevel gear shaft 121 to rotate by means of bevel gear meshing transmission, so as to drive the crank cam 61 to rotate, further drive the sliding rod 92 of the duckbill protection mechanism 9 to slide in the linear bearing 38 and rotate around the fulcrum bearing seat 4, further drive the planting swing rod 73 and the swinging and translation connecting plate 72 of the parallel swing rod 75 to slide along the direction of the slideway 85, and complete planting of the duckbill planting device 5 under the combined action of a plurality of constraints. Because the crank cams 61 are 180 degrees different in phase, the left duckbilled planting device 5 and the right duckbilled planting device are alternately planted, dynamic balance of the planting device is facilitated, and the soil fertility utilization rate is increased.

Before operation, the screw 33 is adjusted to move the slider 32 up and down, so as to drive the pointer 36 to point to the set plant spacing position required by the plant spacing adjusting scale 37. Detecting whether the planting angle of the duckbill planting device 5 meets the requirement or not, if not, loosening the planting angle set screw 761 and the planting angle fixing nut 762, rotating the duckbill planting device 5, and after determining that the planting angle meets the requirement, screwing the planting angle set screw 761 and the planting angle fixing nut 762. And detecting whether the planting row spacing meets the requirement, if not, loosening the row spacing set screw 59, adjusting the row spacing until the row spacing meets the requirement, and screwing the row spacing set screw 59. During operation, under the premise of ensuring the set plant spacing, the planting frequency is ensured to be matched with the running speed of the vegetable transplanting machine, when the duckbill planting device 5 is at the highest point, vegetable seedlings are thrown into the bell mouth 51 through the seedling dividing device or manually, when the duckbill planting device 5 moves to the lowest point, the crank cam 61 rapidly controls the duckbill 55 to be opened, so that the vegetable seedlings are planted in a field, along with the movement of the mechanism, the duckbill planting device 5 is lifted upwards, and when the duckbill planting device 5 approaches to the seedling receiving position, the duckbill 55 is closed to wait for next seedling receiving, and a round of working process is completed.

The invention can carry out stepless adjustment between 100mm and 600mm of planting plant spacing in a convenient mode, can meet the requirements of different crops or different planting plant spacing of the same crop in different areas, and improves the universality of the planting device.

Of course, the present invention is capable of other various embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in light of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A duckbill planting apparatus, comprising:

the main transmission case comprises a case body and a transmission mechanism arranged on the case body;

the duckbill planter is connected with a slideway rack through a four-bar mechanism, and the slideway rack is connected with the main transmission case;

the plant spacing adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main transmission case and is used for stepless adjustment between planting plant spacing;

the control mechanism comprises a crank cam, a duckbill opening and closing control swing rod and a stay wire, wherein the crank cam is connected with the transmission mechanism, one end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with the crank cam through a small wheel, the other end of the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod is connected with one end of the stay wire, the other end of the stay wire is connected with the duckbill planting device, and the crank cam pushes the duckbill opening and closing control swing rod to swing so as to pull the stay wire to control the duckbill of the duckbill planting device to open or close; and

the duckbill protection mechanism is respectively connected with the control mechanism, the four-bar mechanism and the plant spacing adjusting mechanism and is used for elastically retracting when the duckbill encounters hard stones or collides with the ground by mistake so as to avoid damage;

wherein, the slide frame includes:

one end of the connecting square tube is connected with the box body through a sliding rod frame mounting plate, the other end of the connecting square tube is connected with the mounting square tube, and an included angle is formed between the mounting square tube and the connecting square tube; and

the sliding frame is arranged on the installation square tube and is provided with a slideway;

the four-bar linkage includes:

translating the connecting plate;

the row spacing adjusting connecting plate is arranged in parallel with the translation connecting plate;

the two ends of the planting swing rod are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate, and a swing rod connecting shaft used for being connected with the duckbill protection mechanism is arranged on the planting swing rod;

the two ends of the parallel swing rod are respectively hinged with the translation connecting plate and the row spacing adjusting connecting plate and are arranged in parallel with the planting swing rod;

the translation fixing mounting plate is arranged on the translation connecting plate, a translation bearing is arranged on the translation fixing mounting plate, and the translation bearing is arranged in the slideway and drives the four-bar mechanism to move along the slideway; and

one end of the planting angle adjusting rod is connected with the row spacing adjusting connecting plate, a planting angle adjusting pipe is sleeved on the planting angle adjusting rod, the duckbill planting device is connected with the planting angle adjusting pipe, and the planting angle adjusting pipe rotates around the planting angle adjusting rod to adjust the planting angle of the duckbill planting device.

2. The duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the duckbill protection mechanism comprises:

one end of the sliding rod is connected with the crank cam through a duckbill protection mounting plate;

the piston rod is provided with one end which is arranged in the baffle sleeve and slides along the axis of the baffle sleeve, the baffle sleeve is arranged in the other end of the slide rod, and the other end of the piston rod is provided with a hinged bearing sleeve; and

the protection spring is arranged in the sliding rod, and two ends of the protection spring are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the sliding rod and one end of the piston rod.

3. The duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one end of the piston rod is further provided with a stop nut, the stop nut and the retainer are used together to prevent the piston rod from sliding out of the slide rod and to provide a pre-tightening force set by the protection spring.

4. A duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the plant spacing adjustment mechanism comprises:

the fixing frame is connected with the main transmission case, and a sliding groove is longitudinally formed in the fixing frame;

the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and slides up and down along the sliding groove, and pointers are arranged on two sides of the sliding block;

the screw rod is arranged in the chute and connected with the sliding block, and the screw rod rotates to drive the sliding block to move up and down;

the track adjusting shaft is connected with the lead screw, and the axis of the track adjusting shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw; and

the plant spacing adjusting scale is arranged on the outer side of the fixing frame, the pointer points to the plant spacing adjusting scale, and the plant spacing adjusting scale is provided with scales corresponding to the set plant spacing positions.

5. The duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a fixing ring is provided below the fixing frame for locking or unlocking the screw rod, and the fixing ring is connected with the bottom end of the screw rod.

6. The duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein both ends of the trajectory adjustment shaft are connected with the duckbill protection mechanism through linear bearings, respectively.

7. A duckbill planting apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the duckbill planting apparatus comprises:

one side of the planting main frame is provided with a mounting tube, and the mounting tube is connected with the four-bar mechanism; the upper end of the planting main frame is provided with a bell mouth;

the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame are symmetrically arranged and are respectively hinged with the planting main frame through duckbill opening and closing pin shafts, and duckbills are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame; the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame are respectively provided with a connecting part connected with the stay wire; and

the two ends of the duckbill return spring are respectively arranged on the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame;

the first duckbill frame is provided with a small pin shaft, the second duckbill frame is provided with a pin shaft groove matched with the small pin shaft, and the first duckbill frame and the second duckbill frame rotate in opposite directions for the same angle around the respective duckbill opening and closing pin shafts under the action of the stay wires.

8. A vegetable transplanting machine comprising the duckbill planting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.