CN115135190A - 防护服 - Google Patents

防护服 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115135190A
CN115135190A CN202180015211.0A CN202180015211A CN115135190A CN 115135190 A CN115135190 A CN 115135190A CN 202180015211 A CN202180015211 A CN 202180015211A CN 115135190 A CN115135190 A CN 115135190A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
moisture
yarns
fabric
absorbent core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180015211.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
海迪·梅洛斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Australia Hennessy Underwear Co ltd
Original Assignee
Australia Hennessy Underwear Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2020900547A external-priority patent/AU2020900547A0/en
Application filed by Australia Hennessy Underwear Co ltd filed Critical Australia Hennessy Underwear Co ltd
Publication of CN115135190A publication Critical patent/CN115135190A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41B—SHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
    • A41B9/00—Undergarments
    • A41B9/04—Knickers for ladies, with or without inserted crotch or seat parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41B—SHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
    • A41B9/00—Undergarments
    • A41B9/12—Protective undergarments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F13/15268—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency reusable
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/49003—Reusable, washable fabric diapers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/49003—Reusable, washable fabric diapers
    • A61F13/49006—Reusable, washable fabric diapers the reusable article being in the form of pants or briefs, e.g. slip or panty for light incontinence
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
    • A61F5/4401—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices with absorbent pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B32B5/073—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper characterised by the fibrous or filamentary layer being mechanically connected to another layer by sewing, stitching, hook-and-loop fastening or stitchbonding
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/279—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by a knit fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer
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    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
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    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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Abstract

一种防护服、用于防护服的衬料和单独的衬料层，即吸湿芯层、芯吸湿层和湿气不可渗透层，及其组合。吸湿芯层包括双面编织织物，其中，所述织物的工艺正面利用亲水性纱线和疏水性纱线两者形成孔眼网状物，而所述织物的工艺背面仅利用亲水性纱线形成互锁物。吸湿层包括沉降毛圈织物编织物，所述沉降毛圈织物编织物包括沉降线圈，所述沉降线圈具有由合成纤维制成的毛绒线圈，所述合成纤维是经将所述纤维分解成原纤维的水解催化剂处理的纤维。湿气不可渗透层包括层压有聚氨酯片材的基部织物编织物。

Description

防护服
技术领域
本发明涉及防护服，特别是包括有衬料的内衣或服装，比如紧身衣裤或泳衣，可以被结合到服装中的可重复使用的衬料，以及单独的衬料层，以及相关的构造方法。
背景技术
使用卫生产品来吸收身体排泄物，身体排泄物包括月经流和失禁泄漏物。这些产品中有许多产品是一次性的，例如卫生巾、卫生棉条和失禁用垫。用于吸收较大流量的许多产品笨重且对于穿着者而言是不舒服的。
已经发布了一些舒适的日常使用的“经期内衣”，但是这种“经期内衣”被设计为在由于卫生棉条、卫生巾或月经杯失效而导致泄漏的情况下用作备用服装。这种失效通常发生在流量较大的日子或者发生在例如睡觉时身体姿势变化期间。
一次性产品对环境有害，并且期望减少与这些用途相关的废弃产品。另外，出现与在阴道内使用的产品、比如卫生棉条和月经杯相关的中毒性休克综合症的风险更大。需要对这些产品进行定期更换或清空以减少相关风险。然而，外部用产品、比如卫生巾会带来以下不适：“像塑料的感觉”、持续潮湿的感觉、需要定期更换以及有关气味控制的问题。
本发明试图提供一种防护服、或者可以结合到服装中的衬料、或者衬料层，该防护服、衬料或者衬料层可以重复使用并为现有产品提供了替代品。
在说明书中对任何现有技术的引用不是承认或暗示该现有技术形成任何司法中的公知常识的一部分，或者本领域技术人员可以合理地期望该现有技术被理解、认为是相关的、和/或组合有现有技术的其他方面。
发明内容
根据第一方面，本发明提供了一种吸湿芯层，该吸湿芯层用于结合到防护服用的衬料中，衬料层是由纱线构成的双面编织织物，其中，纱线中的第一部分纱线是亲水性纱线，并且纱线中的第二部分纱线是疏水性纱线，由此织物的工艺正面利用亲水性纱线和疏水性纱线两者形成孔眼网状物，并且织物的工艺背面仅利用亲水性纱线形成互锁物，因此疏水性纱线仅向外出现于织物的工艺正面，并且该工艺正面形成孔眼开口，该孔眼开口由以重复图案保持的集圈组织形成，以使工艺背面的位于下部的亲水性纱线暴露，从而将湿气从工艺正面吸走。
吸湿芯层优选包括吸收性棉纱线。优选地，棉纱线中的大约25％是经化学处理成呈疏水性的棉纱线。孔眼网状物可以由50％亲水性纱线和50％疏水性纱线制成。互锁物优选地由100％亲水性纱线制成。
工艺正面可以是通过1个横列线圈亲水性纱线×1个横列线圈疏水性纱线形成的2个横列线圈重复物。
根据第二方面，提供了一种用于防护服的衬料，该衬料包括根据本发明的第一方面的吸湿芯层以及吸湿层和湿气不可渗透层。
根据第三方面，提供了具有根据本发明的第二方面的衬料的防护服。
根据第四方面，本发明提供了一种用于结合到防护服用的衬料中的吸湿层，该衬料层具有包括沉降线圈的沉降毛圈织物编织物，该沉降线圈具有从至少一侧上的织物编织物突出的毛绒线圈，其中，毛绒线圈是由合成纤维制成的，该合成纤维是经将纤维分解为原纤维的水解催化剂(水解酶)处理的纤维。
沉降毛圈织物编织物是使用沉降毛圈编织机器来构造的，如与单面结构编织机器相反的那样，在单面结构编织机器中，通过空针(miss stitch)来生成线圈形成部。
吸湿层可以具有从两侧突出的毛绒线圈。吸湿层可以具有仅从一侧突出的毛绒线圈。当毛绒线圈仅从一侧突出时，另一侧可以层压有湿气不可渗透的片材，例如聚氨酯片材。
沉降线圈可以由聚酯纱线制成。毛绒线圈可以用聚酯/尼龙纱线制成，聚酯/尼龙纱线可以是80％的聚酯和20％的尼龙。毛绒线圈的高度可以在1.5mm至3.5mm的范围内，更优选地，毛绒线圈的高度为大约2.5mm。
水解催化剂可以是氢氧化钠。分解可能导致纤维分解出4-10倍的原纤维。
沉降毛圈织物编织物优选为100％亲水性的。
根据第五方面，提供了一种用于防护服的衬料，该衬料包括根据本发明的第四方面的至少一个吸湿层以及吸湿芯层和湿气不可渗透层。吸湿芯层可以是根据本发明的第一方面的吸湿芯层。
可以提供一种衬料，该衬料包括一个以上的根据第四方面的吸湿层。
根据第六方面，提供了具有根据本发明的第五方面的衬料的防护服。
根据第七方面，本发明提供了一种用于结合到防护服用的衬料中的湿气不可渗透层，该衬料层包括层压有聚氨酯片材的基部织物编织物。
基部织物编织物可以是聚酯平纹编织物。
根据第八方面，提供了一种用于防护服的衬料，该衬料包括根据本发明的第七方面的湿气不可渗透层以及吸湿芯层和吸湿层。
相比于吸湿芯层或吸湿层，湿气不可渗透层可以进一步向后延伸。
根据第九方面，提供了一种用于防护服的衬料，该衬料包括根据第一方面的吸湿芯层和根据第七方面的湿气不可渗透层以及吸湿层。
根据第十方面，提供了一种用于防护服的衬料，该衬料包括根据第四方面的吸湿层和根据第七方面的湿气不可渗透层以及吸湿芯层。该吸湿芯层可以是根据第一方面的吸湿芯层。
根据第十一方面，提供了具有根据第八方面的衬料的服装。
根据第十二方面，提供了具有根据第九方面的衬料的服装。
根据第十三方面，提供了具有根据第十方面的衬料的服装。
根据第十四方面，提供了一种具有本体织物的服装，该本体织物是具有气味吸收特性的棉/氨纶平纹编织物，该气味吸收特性固有在氨纶纱线的单纤维中。平纹编织物优选包含7％或多于7％的氨纶。该服装可以结合有根据上述方面中的任意方面的衬料。
根据第十五方面，提供了一种具有本体织物的服装，该本体织物是具有气味吸收特性的再生聚酯/氨纶平纹编织物，该气味吸收特性固有在氨纶纱线的单纤维中。平纹编织物优选包含23％或多于23％的氨纶。该服装可以结合有根据上述方面中的任一方面的衬料。
根据上述方面中的任意方面制成的服装可以包括腰带和/或腿带。可以用耐用的憎水剂(DWR)对这些带中的一者或两者进行处理或涂覆以抵抗压缩泄漏。此外，用于将衬料缝至本体的线可以涂覆有DWR，以安全防护以免于接缝处的压缩泄漏。
附图说明
通过以示例的方式并参考附图给出的以下描述，本发明的其他方面以及在先前段落中描述的方面的其他实施方式将变得明显，在附图中：
图1是根据实施方式的在穿着者身上的防护服的示意图；
图2a是根据实施方式的内衣的前视图；
图2b是图2a的内衣的后视图；
图3a是根据另一实施方式的内衣的前视图；
图3b是图3a的内衣的后视图；
图4a是根据另一实施方式的内衣的前视图；
图4b是图4a的内衣的后视图；
图5a是根据另一实施方式的内衣的前视图；
图5b是图5a的内衣的后视图；
图6是根据实施方式的衬料的俯视图；
图7是根据实施方式的用于较少/中等流量的衬料的各层的分解示意图；
图8是根据实施方式的用于较多流量的衬料的各层的分解示意图；
图9a是在本发明的第一方面的吸湿芯层的第一面上编织的孔眼网状物的一部分的示意图；
图9b是在本发明的第一方面的吸湿芯层的第二面上编织的互锁物的一部分的示意图；
图9c是孔眼网状编织物的较大部分的示意图；
图9d是第一面上的孔眼网状编织物的一部分与第二面上的互锁编织物的一部分组合的示意图；
图10a是本发明的第二方面的吸湿层的编织物的一部分的示意图；
图10b是本发明的第二方面的吸湿层的编织物的一部分的侧视图的示意图；
图11a和图11b是纱线纤维的在分解之前和分解之后的示意图；
图12a和图12b是纱线纤维的在分解之前和分解之后的微观图；
图13a是本发明的第三方面的湿气不可渗透层的在第一面上的编织物的一部分的示意图；
图13b是本发明的第三方面的湿气不可渗透层的示意性分解图；
图14a是在本体织物的在第一面上的编织物的一部分的示意图；以及
图14b是在本体织物的在第二面上的编织物的一部分的示意图。
具体实施方式
图示和描述的实施方式是关于经期内衣和用于经期内衣中的衬料的。然而，将理解的是，衬料层的基本发明构思可以被定制成用于其他防护服中，所述其他防护服比如失禁内衣、可重复使用的幼儿尿布等。
尽管图示的内衣是内裤，但是防护衬料可以被结合到抵靠身体的下半部上的皮肤的其他服装中，例如泳装或紧身衣裤。
图1图示了穿着者12上的防护服10。内裤10具有本体部分14，该本体部分围绕穿着者的臀部位于腰带16下方。在至少胯部区域上延伸的是衬料18。如图2a和图2b中所示，本体部分14可以包括前饰片20和后饰片22。围绕腿部开口延伸的是腿带24。
图2a和图2b中所示的内裤的形状是Hi Top内裤。图3a和图3b图示了平角内裤，图4a和图4b示出了丁字内裤，并且图5a和图5b示出了探戈内裤。然而，将理解的是，不同形状的内裤可以合并有本发明的衬料。在所示的不同实施方式中已经使用了相似的附图标记。可以在内裤的不同风格中的每个风格上使用相似或略微改变形状的衬料18。
在图8中图示了示例性的衬料形状。衬料18包括前边缘25、后边缘26和两个侧部28。衬料18具有顶部表面30，该顶部表面抵靠胯部区域中的穿着者的皮肤。返回至图5a，可以看到的是，衬料18可以在前边缘25和后边缘26上缝合至本体部分14。衬料的两个侧部28还可以在将腿带24附接至本体部分之前沿着腿部开口的边缘缝合至本体部分，或者腿带24可以用于将衬料的侧部附接至本体部分。腿带24和用于缝合衬料的线可以涂覆有耐久的憎水剂(DWR)，以防止将血液芯吸至边缘并安全地保护以防压缩泄漏。
衬料18朝向后边缘26展开，以使边缘上的向后流血最小化。衬料18还可以朝向前边缘25稍微展开，以使流体涌到前部上的可能性最小化。
图7图示了衬料18的代表性分解图，该衬料用于诸如血液或尿液之类的流体31的较少或中等流量。标准中规定较少流量至中等流量为能够容纳5ml-10ml的流体。
衬料18由三层制成，所述三层定位在本体织物层32的用于形成服装10的本体部分14的内侧。在图7中，为了易于理解，将本体织物层32图示为矩形，但是将理解的是，该层延伸到虚线周缘的外侧，以形成服装的形状。
顶部层34是吸湿芯层，该吸湿芯层具有抵靠穿着者的顶部表面30。芯吸层34将流体从使用者的皮肤拉动至芯层36。芯层吸收湿气并在使用期间保持流体。衬料的底部层38是防潮层，该防潮层确保流体不逸出到织物层32上。
图8与图7相似，因此图8示出了衬料18的代表性分解图，然而该变型是为大流量或过夜流量而制成的。标准中规定大流量至过夜流量为能够容纳15ml至20ml的流体。为了完整性，在未示出或未描述用于失禁目的的实施方式中，所需的容纳容积为40ml。
在该实施方式中，顶部吸湿芯层34与先前的实施方式相同。为了增加吸收性，设置有两个芯层36。为了使向后流血使衣服染污的风险减少，湿气不可渗透材料的底部层38具有部分38a，该部分比其他衬料层另外向后延伸。本体织物层32a的附加内部部分设置在部分38a上，以提供抵靠穿着者的皮肤的舒适的表面材料。该本体织物层32a图示为矩形，但是如图2b中所示，该本体织物层更可能一直延伸至腰带16并形成后饰片22。在该区域中而不是顶部芯吸层34的另一部分中设置有本体织物层，以便不促进朝向该区域的芯吸。然而，将理解的是，该后饰片22可以包括芯吸层。芯层36被限制于限定的胯部区域，而不是另外向后延伸，以便使由向后延伸太远的笨重产品给穿着者带来的不适最小化。
现在将针对各个衬料层的各自新颖的特征来描述各个衬料层的细节，所述衬料层为吸湿芯层、芯吸湿层和湿气不可渗透层。然而，将理解的是，以下公开的各个衬料层中的每个衬料层可以与其他类型的吸湿芯层、芯吸湿层和湿气不可渗透层交换，以产生新颖的衬料层，并且可以想到各个层的不同组合。
图9a至图9d图示了顶部吸湿芯层34的代表性编织图案。该层的防潮棉纱线与吸收性棉纱线混纺，以在织物表面上形成用于使湿气移动远离皮肤的通道，并保持该区域凉爽且干燥。编织使用疏水性纱线和亲水性纱线的组合来完成。纱线是天然棉，该天然棉具有天然亲水性并吸引湿气。棉纱线的一部分被化学地处理，以使所述棉纱线的一部分具有疏水性。一种优选的处理是通过CottonWorksTM的
Figure BDA0003802706330000071
技术。将疏水性和亲水性纱线进行双面编织，以在织物的每个侧部上形成不同的面。
抵靠穿着者的皮肤的工艺正面是孔眼网状物，其中，纱线在每个方向上在疏水性纱线与亲水性纱线之间同样交替。抵靠芯层的工艺背面是互锁物，该互锁物仅使用亲水性纱线。在这种结构中，通过以重复图案保持的集圈组织来在工艺正面上的孔眼形成开口，以露出工艺背面的下层的亲水性纱线，并促进湿气、特别是血液穿过孔眼开口并芯吸通过至背部。工艺正面上的50％的疏水性的纱线与工艺背面上的亲水性芯吸纱线的聚集的组合，从而阻止湿气返回至工艺正面。在工艺正面上的50％的亲水性的而不是100％疏水性的纱线的使用促进更大表面积上的增加的芯吸。
图9a和图9d图示了吸湿芯层的工艺正面，由此可以看到孔眼40。用于横穿编织针的纱线的单个过渡的编织术语称为横列线圈42，并且水平地行进横穿织物。缝合的竖向的线称为纵行线圈44，并且当与横列线圈相结合时形成编织结构。工艺正面以孔眼平纹织物形成。在孔眼平纹编织物中，在该实例中将集圈组织保持3个横列线圈，以形成孔眼40，孔眼40是织物的工艺正面中的网孔。集圈组织是本领域技术人员通常理解的编织技术，该集圈组织包括在双面编织结构上使用时。这种结构的新颖之处在于仅保留疏水性纱线。在该实施方式中，以6个纵行线圈×12个横列线圈的重复图案的方式，疏水性纱线46每“偶数”横列线圈(2/4/6/8/10/12)被保持，并且亲水性纱线48每“奇数”横列线圈(1/3/5/7/9/11)被编织。
在双面编织结构中，两组针(转盘和筒状部)“花纹循环式”彼此间隔开，这是指针可以同时用于形成双面编织织物。图9b中所示的工艺背面表示了标准的互锁物、均匀缝合的“花纹循环式”结构。工艺背面上使用的所有纱线48都是亲水性的。因此，吸湿芯层的织物使用大约75％的亲水性纱线和25％的疏水性纱线。
疏水性纱线和亲水性纱线被编织的独特方式产生用于使湿气移动远离皮肤的通道，并且实现定向单向的芯吸。对于抵靠皮肤的工艺正面，50％的表面排斥流体，使得将流体引导至另外50％的纱线，该另外50％的纱线将流体吸引至背面。由于背面是100％亲水性纱线，因此芯吸总是远离皮肤。该层还可以包括防污拒水整理(anti-stain repellentfinish)，以使服装的可洗性增加。通过将疏水性纱线/亲水性纱线的这种50/50比例而不是100％疏水性纱线抵靠穿着者的皮肤，可以极大地减少表面上积聚湿气的情况。通过合并疏水性纱线，而不是100％亲水性纱线，防止了湿气在芯吸至背面时抵靠穿着者的皮肤回流至表面。
图10a和图10b示出了芯吸湿层的结构的表示。许多已知的经期内衣利用诸如羊毛或竹子之类的天然纤维来构造吸收性芯，因为这些纤维是天然亲水性的并且吸引流体。然而，流体移动到纤维本身中，由此所述纤维膨胀而变得非常庞大、块状和沉重，这对于穿着者而言可能是不舒服的。与聚酯和尼龙相似的合成纤维不会破坏流体的表面张力，因此不会吸收天然纤维，但所述合成纤维允许使待制成的产品更薄、更轻。本发明人已经从合成纤维形成芯层，该合成纤维提供与天然纤维相似的吸收性，而没有天然纤维的缺点中的一些缺点。
在芯吸湿层中，已经使用了毛圈式绒面，该绒面起海绵的作用。使用沉降毛圈编织机形成毛圈式绒面，该沉降毛圈编织机能够改变线圈高度并形成高密度绒面。织物编织物是由沉降毛圈50形成的，所述沉降毛圈具有从至少一个侧部突出的毛绒线圈52。本领域技术人员将理解如何形成沉降毛圈式绒面，该沉降毛圈式绒面与由空针而形成毛圈处的单个结构编织物相反。
图10a和图10b图示了双面线圈式绒面。前线圈52a从一个面突出，并且后线圈52b从另一面突出。双面线圈式绒面可以用于较少流量至中等流量的内衣，其中，吸收能力相当于4条卫生棉条。较少流量服装可以使用单面线圈式绒面来获得所需的吸收性，并使衬料更薄，其中，吸收能力相当于3条卫生棉条。附加地，两个双面线圈式绒棉层可以用于过夜流量。用于高流量的替代方案是一个双面层和一个单面层。
在一种实施方式中，用于沉降线圈50的纱线是100％的聚酯，而用于毛绒线圈的纱线是80％的聚酯和20％的尼龙。毛绒线圈的高度可以在1.5mm至3.5mm的范围内，但是更优选地在2.5mm左右。
为了使毛绒线圈的合成纤维更具吸收性，用将纤维分解成原纤维的水解催化剂来处理该毛绒线圈的合成纤维。在染色纱线之前使用氢氧化钠，以通过至少部分地溶解和去除尼龙来分解聚酯和尼龙纤维。在一个实例中，纱线从90D/36F(36个纤维)分解为大约90D/300F(300个纤维或原纤维)。用词原纤维用于描述可以分解为纤维的各个线。在图11a、图11b、图12a和图12b中示出了纤维分解的示例图像。图11a示出了单个纤维54，并且图11b示出了分解为八个原纤维56之后的纤维54。图12a示出了构成纱线的多个纤维54，其中图12b示出了将纤维54分裂为原纤维56之后的纱线。如图12b中所示，纤维54可以在中央保持完整，其中只是边缘分解。当尼龙不能完全地溶解时，可能会发生这种情况。
在一种实例实施方式中，使用由Tien Yang编织机械公司制造的30英寸直径、16规格的沉降毛圈编织机以及聚酯和尼龙混纺纱线的组合来制成单面毛圈式绒面。单面毛圈式绒面在98摄氏度处用每升12克氢氧化钠的碱溶液经受45分钟的微纤维分解处理。该处理至少部分地溶解并去除用于编织单面毛圈式绒面的混纺纱线的尼龙芯，从而导致多个原纤维56的形式。接下来，将单面毛圈式绒面在圆形染色机中用以下分散性染料的溶液进行染色：以0.003％的织物的重量(o.w.f)、每升均染剂0.5克的由Dystar制造的Dianix Blue ACE；每升乙酸0.25克的由Nicca化学公司制造的LM-0850；以及，以2.5％的o.w.f的由Rudolf制造的亲水剂ASR。染色过程在130℃处完成30分钟。
在另一实例实施方式中，使用由Tien Yang编织机械公司制造的30英寸直径、16规格的毛圈编织机以及聚酯和尼龙混纺纱线的组合来制成双面毛圈式绒面。双面毛圈式绒面在98摄氏度处用每升12克氢氧化钠的碱溶液经受45分钟的微纤维分解处理。该处理至少部分地溶解并去除用于编织双面毛圈式绒面的混纺纱线的尼龙芯，从而导致多个原纤维56的形式。接下来，将双面毛圈式绒面在圆形染色机中用以下分散性染料的溶液进行染色：以0.003％的o.w.f、每升均染剂0.5克的由Dystar制造的Dianix Blue ACE；每升乙酸0.25克的由Nicca化学公司制造的LM-0850；以及，以2.5％的o.w.f的由Rudolf制造的亲水剂ASR。染色过程在130℃处完成30分钟。芯层36是相对薄的、挠性的并且可以吸收该芯层自身重量的五倍。在双面线圈式的绒面芯层上执行吸收测试，并且发现结果包括平均液体吸收时间为17.21秒和平均猪血吸收能力为29ml。而且，发现芯层是快速干燥的，使得服装将在洗涤和干燥方面对于重新使用而言是用户友好的。
在图13a和图13b中示出了湿气不可渗透层38。如图13a中所示，基部编织物58是使用聚酯纱线的平纹编织物结构。聚酯纱线由于油脂在某种程度上是疏水性的，然而在织物的整理期间油脂被去除，使得基部编织物变得亲水，以允许与聚氨酯(PU)片60进行层压。所使用的层压技术是本领域技术人员所常见的，并且此处不详细地说明。
PU片60是可拉伸的并且具有高透气性。将PU片层压至基部编织物的好处是，该PU片使层在感受、运动和噪音方面都不太“塑性”。该PU片还形成坚固的基部，以使PU片更加耐用，从而允许反复洗涤使PU片的降解或撕裂最小化。
对样品的防潮层执行静水力学压力测试，以确定对流体渗透的抵抗力。样品经受平均kPa为250，并且没有液滴穿过样品，其中，当压力超过250KPa时样品破裂。因此，透湿层38成功地防止流体泄漏至本体织物32。
本体织物32的编织图案在图14a和图14b中示出。标准平纹编织物的工艺正面具有“平坦”表面，而工艺背面由“有纹理的/波浪状的”外观表示。在一个实例中，通过93％的棉纱线和7％的氨纶纱线来使用棉/弹性的组合，以提供具有四向拉伸的富棉的织物，从而提供移动的自由度以及提高的舒适度。气味吸收是所使用的氨纶纱线的固有部分，这种纱线可以是由Asahi Kasei的RoicaTM CF。单纤维表面处的离子效应使该单纤维表面持久，并且通过吸收异味的主要来源，即氨、乙酸、异戊酸或它们的细菌分解产物，而消除异味。这允许织物承受磨损和反复洗涤，而不会降低防臭效果。替代地，使用再生聚酯/氨纶平纹编织物的组合，其具有氨纶纱线的单纤维固有的气味吸收特性。平针编织物优选地包含23％或更多％的氨纶。在非黑色的情况下，对任何一种平纹编织物都采用防污整理，以确保在穿着过程中发生的任何血液迁移都可以很容易地洗掉而不会弄脏。合适的防污制剂可能是：HPC(20g/l)、CDO(2g/l)、GSI(20g/l)和PURE(20g/l)。
本发明涉及可以以不同组合使用以形成用于防护服中的衬料的各个新颖的衬料层。衬料层的结合的优点导致衬料相对较薄、具有较高的芯吸和吸收性、优异的防泄露性以及抵靠穿着者的皮肤的舒适天然纤维表面。
将理解的是，在本说明书中公开和限定的本发明延伸至所提及的或从文本或附图明显的各个特征种的两个或更多个特征所有替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成本发明的各种替代方面。

Claims (20)

1.一种吸湿芯层，所述吸湿芯层用于结合到防护服用的衬料中，所述衬料层是由纱线构成的双面编织织物，其中，所述纱线中的第一部分纱线是亲水性纱线，并且所述纱线中的第二部分纱线是疏水性纱线，由此，所述织物的工艺正面利用亲水性纱线和疏水性纱线两者形成孔眼网状物，而所述织物的工艺背面仅利用亲水性纱线形成互锁物，并且由此，所述疏水性纱线仅向外出现于所述织物的所述工艺正面，并且所述工艺正面形成有孔眼开口，所述孔眼开口由以重复图案保持的集圈组织形成，以使所述工艺背面的位于下部的所述亲水性纱线暴露，从而将湿气从所述工艺正面吸走。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸湿芯层，包括吸收性棉纱线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吸湿芯层，其中，所述棉纱线中的大约25％是经化学处理成呈疏水性的棉纱线。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的吸湿芯层，其中，所述工艺正面是通过1个横列线圈亲水性纱线×1个横列线圈疏水性纱线形成的2个横列线圈重复物。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的吸湿芯层，其中，被保持的所述集圈组织是疏水性纱线。
6.一种用于防护服的衬料，其包括根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的吸湿芯层，以及吸湿层和湿气不可渗透层。
7.一种具有根据权利要求6所述的衬料的防护服。
8.一种吸湿层，所述吸湿层用于结合到防护服用的衬料中，所述衬料层具有包括沉降线圈的沉降毛圈织物编织物，所述沉降线圈具有从至少一侧上的所述织物编织物突出的毛绒线圈，其中，所述毛绒线圈是由合成纤维制成的，所述合成纤维是经将所述纤维分解成原纤维的水解催化剂处理的纤维。
9.根据权利要求8所述的吸湿层，其中，所述毛绒线圈从一侧或两侧突出。
10.根据权利要求8所述的吸湿层，其中，当所述毛绒线圈仅从一侧突出时，另一侧可以层压有湿气不可渗透的片材。
11.一种用于防护服的衬料，其包括至少一个根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的吸湿层，以及吸湿芯层和湿气不可渗透层。
12.根据权利要求11所述的用于防护服的衬料，其中，所述吸湿芯层是根据权利要求1至5中任一项的吸湿芯层。
13.一种具有根据权利要求11或12所述的衬料的防护服。
14.一种用于结合到防护服用的衬料中的湿气不可渗透层，所述衬料层包括层压有聚氨酯片材的基部织物编织物。
15.根据权利要求14所述的湿气不可渗透层，其中，所述基部织物编织物是聚酯平纹编织物。
16.一种用于防护服的衬料，其包括根据权利要求14或15所述的湿气不可渗透层，以及吸湿芯层和吸湿层。
17.根据权利要求16所述的衬料，包括根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的吸湿芯层和根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的吸湿层。
18.一种用于防护服的衬料，其包括根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的吸湿层和根据权利要求14或15中任一项所述的湿气不可渗透层，以及吸湿芯层。
19.根据权利要求18所述的衬料，其中，所述吸湿芯层是根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的吸湿芯层。
20.一种具有根据权利要求16至19中任一项所述的衬料的服装。
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