CN115133501B - Switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of three-phase current type PWM rectifier - Google Patents

Switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of three-phase current type PWM rectifier Download PDF

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CN115133501B
CN115133501B CN202210796639.XA CN202210796639A CN115133501B CN 115133501 B CN115133501 B CN 115133501B CN 202210796639 A CN202210796639 A CN 202210796639A CN 115133501 B CN115133501 B CN 115133501B
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sector
fault
phase
bridge arm
switching tube
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CN115133501A (en
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苏建徽
刘义龙
赖纪东
汪海宁
张健
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Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a switching tube short-circuit fault-tolerant control method of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier, which is characterized in that whether a switching tube on a bridge arm of an output positive bus side or a negative bus side has a short-circuit fault or not is judged according to the change characteristic of three-phase alternating current input current when the three-phase current type PWM rectifier operates, and a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube is judged according to a sector obtained by calculation of a modulating wave aiming at the switching tube which has the fault, so that fault-tolerant control is carried out on the fault sector, and the corresponding switching tube is turned off and on, thereby reducing the total harmonic distortion of the input current, guaranteeing that the impact on a later-stage circuit is weakened while other switching tubes are not damaged, and enabling a system to stably operate. The invention is suitable for the current type PWM rectifier, and can identify the short-circuit fault of the switching tube and perform fault-tolerant control on software.

Description

Switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of three-phase current type PWM rectifier
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fault identification and fault-tolerant control, in particular to a switching tube short-circuit fault-tolerant control method of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier.
Background
The three-phase current type PWM rectifier is a buck rectifier based on a buck circuit, can be directly connected into a later-stage circuit, does not need multistage conversion, is small in size and high in density, and is applied to various fields such as aviation, military and the like. When the rectifier operates, a switching tube short circuit fault is easy to occur due to a driving problem, and a three-phase voltage type PWM rectifier can damage devices when the switching tube is short-circuited, so that equipment is permanently disabled. Although the three-phase current type PWM rectifier can work when the switching tube is short-circuited, other devices can be damaged and impact the post-stage circuit due to current or voltage fluctuation, so that fault identification and fault-tolerant control are required to be carried out on the current type PWM rectifier when the switching tube is short-circuited, impact on the post-stage circuit is reduced, and fault-tolerant operation of the rectifier is ensured. At present, fault-tolerant control of rectifiers is mostly focused on voltage-type PWM rectifiers, and fault-tolerant control of current-type PWM rectifiers is rarely studied. Traditionally, fault-tolerant control of rectifiers has included changing the structure of the circuit, adding various sensors, etc., increasing the cost and complexity of the circuit application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the background technology, and provides a switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier, so that fault points can be rapidly identified, input current and output current voltage are reduced, impact on a later-stage circuit is reduced, other switching tubes of the rectifier are prevented from being damaged, and fault tolerance operation of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier is realized.
The invention provides the following scheme for solving the problems:
the invention relates to a switching tube short circuit fault-tolerant control method of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier, which comprises the steps of enabling S in a topological structure of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier 1 、S 3 、S 5 The positive bus sides a, b and c are provided with bridge arm switch tubes, S 4 、S 6 、S 2 The switching tube is a switching tube of a lower bridge arm of a negative bus side a, b and c, and is characterized in that the switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method comprises the following steps:
step 1), phase locking and Park conversion are carried out on the three-phase input voltage to obtain a phase locking angle theta and a d-axis voltage value U d Q-axis voltage value U q ；
Step 2) for a current setpoint I of the DC side current dc * And the actual current value I dc PI control is carried out on the difference value of the d-axis current set value I d * ；
Step 3), obtaining three-phase input current value I a ,I b ,I c And Park conversion is carried out to obtain the actual value I of the d-axis current d Actual value of q-axis current I q ；
Park conversion is carried out on the filter capacitor voltage to obtain d-axis capacitor electricityPressure value U cd Q-axis capacitance voltage value U cq And multiplied by loop gain K respectively d Then, an active damping item is obtained;
step 4), d-axis current set value I d * With d-axis current actual value I d Difference, q-axis current given value I q * And q-axis current actual value I q After difference, the two phases pass through a PI controller together, and active damping items are added respectively, so as to obtain a two-phase rotation modulation signal i d And i q ；
Step 5) will i d And i q After Park inverse transformation, a two-phase stationary modulation signal I is obtained α And I β For I α And I β The number N=4N of the sector where the target current vector is located is obtained after the operation a +2N b +N c Dividing the sector where the target current vector is located into a sector I, a sector II, a sector III, a sector IV, a sector V and a sector VI according to the serial numbers of the sectors, wherein N a 、N b 、N c Representation I α And I β Sign of operation formula, N when operation formula is negative a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 1, the operation formula is positive, N a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 0;
step 6), constructing an s-domain average model of the PWM rectifier under the dq coordinate system by using a switching cycle average method shown in the formula (1):
m d I dc ＝I d +ωCU cq -sCU cd (1)
in the formula (1), m d For a modulation signal under a dq coordinate system, ω represents a fundamental wave angular frequency of a power grid, s represents a complex frequency, and C represents a filter capacitor;
when the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, judging a fault switching tube with short-circuit faults on the positive bus side or the negative bus side and a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube according to a fault identification rule;
step 7), aiming at a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube, a 4-segment SVPWM modulation method is adopted to turn off the switching tube on the same bus side as the fault switching tube, and meanwhile, for the switching tube on the opposite bus side which is kept normally open in the 4 segments, the switching tube is turned off in the 1 segments and the 4 segments and turned on in the 2 segments and the 3 segments, so that a new switching sequence of the switching tube corresponding to the fault sector is obtained;
and 8) generating pulse signals according to the new switching sequence of the fault sector to drive each switching tube of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier to be turned on and off, so that fault-tolerant operation of the circuit is realized.
The switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier is also characterized in that:
n is obtained by using the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) a ，N b ，N c ：
When the PWM rectifier is operating at a steady state operating point, sCU cd =0, due to the feedforward decoupling, the coupling term ωcu cq Is eliminated, then m d I dc ＝I d ；
When the PWM rectifier operates in the linear modulation region, then m d <1；
When the PWM rectifier works normally, three phases of input current I a ,I b ,I c Is smaller than the current given value I of the DC side dc * ；
When the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, three-phase input current I a ,I b ,I c In some sectors greater than the positive DC side current setpoint I dc * Or less than the negative DC side current setpoint I dc * 。
The fault recognition rule in the step 6 is as follows:
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in one of the switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector IV;
(3) in sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Judging the c-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * In sector IIIHas I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then, the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S is judged 4 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector III and sector V;
(5) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then judge the b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S on the negative bus side 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Judging negative bus side c-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector III;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in some two switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sectors II or IV have I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them b <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(3) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them c >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(5) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them b >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I or sector III has I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * Judging negative bus side b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 Short-circuit faults occur in all three switching tubes, and then:
(1) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * Then, the positive bus side a, b and c phase upper bridge arm switch tube S is judged 1 、S 3 、S 5 Short circuit, malfunctionThe sectors are a sector II, a sector IV and a sector VI;
(2) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * Then judge the switching tube S of the lower bridge arm of the negative bus side a, b and c phases 4 、S 6 、S 2 The short circuit and the fault sector are sector I, sector III and sector V.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention is suitable for the field that the current type rectifier can replace the voltage type rectifier, solves the problem that the switching tube short-circuit fault equipment fails when the voltage type rectifier is used as the front-stage equipment, and improves the stability of the system.
2) When the invention is used for fault identification, complex operation is not needed, and the speed of fault identification is increased. Compared with other detection methods, the method can accurately identify the fault point from software for each sector, and reduces the application cost of the system.
3) When fault-tolerant control is performed, only the switching tube corresponding to the fault sector is required to be turned off and on, operation on other non-fault sectors is not required, and control is simple and effective.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fault tolerant control of a switching tube short circuit fault of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier switching tube short-circuit fault identification and fault tolerance control of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sector diagram of a three-phase current mode PWM rectifier of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the invention S 1 Input current and sector waveform after short circuit failure;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the invention S 1 Failure after short circuitThe barrier sector II and the sector IV correspond to a switching tube on-off change schematic diagram;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the invention S 1 Fault-tolerant controlled input current, output current and output voltage waveform diagrams after short circuit fault;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the invention S 1 And S is 3 Fault-tolerant controlled input current, output current and output voltage waveform diagrams after short circuit fault;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the invention S 1 ，S 3 And S is 5 Fault tolerant controlled input current, output current and output voltage waveforms after a short circuit fault.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
in the embodiment, the short-circuit fault-tolerant control method of the switching tube of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier aims at the short-circuit fault of the switching tube of the current type rectifier, timely identifies from software, adopts an effective fault-tolerant control strategy and provides support for the work of the subsequent-stage equipment. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the fault-tolerant control block diagram of the switching tube short-circuit fault of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier includes a main circuit above, and a fault-tolerant control circuit below, where the main circuit includes a three-phase input ac source, an ac side filter, a diode and switching tube module, a dc side inductor and filter capacitor, and a load resistor. In the topological structure of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier, let S 1 、S 3 、S 5 The positive bus sides a, b and c are provided with bridge arm switch tubes, S 4 、S 6 、S 2 The short-circuit fault-tolerant control method for the switching tube of the lower bridge arm of the negative bus side a, b and c comprises the following steps:
step 1), phase locking and Park conversion are carried out on the three-phase input voltage to obtain a phase locking angle theta and a d-axis voltage value U d Q-axis voltage value U q ；
Step 2) for a current setpoint I of the DC side current dc * And the actual current value I dc PI control is carried out on the difference value of the d-axis current set value I d * ；
Step 3) to obtainTaking three-phase input current value I a ,I b ,I c And Park conversion is carried out to obtain the actual value I of the d-axis current d Actual value of q-axis current I q ；
Park conversion is carried out on the filter capacitor voltage to obtain a d-axis capacitor voltage value U cd Q-axis capacitance voltage value U cq And multiplied by loop gain K respectively d Then, an active damping item is obtained;
step 4), d-axis current set value I d * With d-axis current actual value I d Difference, q-axis current given value I q * And q-axis current actual value I q After difference, the two phases pass through a PI controller together, and active damping items are added respectively, so as to obtain a two-phase rotation modulation signal i d And i q ；
The steps 5 to 7 are as shown in fig. 2:
step 5) will i d And i q After Park inverse transformation, a two-phase stationary modulation signal I is obtained α And I β For I α And I β The number N=4N of the sector where the target current vector is located is obtained after the operation a +2N b +N c Thereby dividing the sector where the target current vector is located into a sector I, a sector II, a sector III, a sector IV, a sector V and a sector VI according to the serial numbers of the sectors, as shown in figure 3, wherein N a 、N b 、N c Representation I α And I β Sign of operation formula, N when operation formula is negative a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 1, the operation formula is positive, N a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 0;
in a specific embodiment, N is obtained by using the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) a ，N b ，N c ：
Step 6), constructing an s-domain average model of the PWM rectifier under the dq coordinate system by using a switching cycle average method shown in the formula (1):
m d I dc ＝I d +ωCU cq -sCU cd (1)
in the formula (1), m d For the modulation signal in dq coordinate system, ω represents the grid fundamental angular frequency, s represents the complex frequency, and C represents the filter capacitance.
When the PWM rectifier is operating at a steady state operating point, sCU cd =0, due to the feedforward decoupling, the coupling term ωcu cq Is eliminated, then m d I dc ＝I d ；
When the PWM rectifier operates in the linear modulation region, then m d <1；
When the PWM rectifier works normally, three phases of input current I a ,I b ,I c Is smaller than the current given value I of the DC side dc * ；
When the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, three-phase input current I a ,I b ,I c In some sectors greater than the positive DC side current setpoint I dc * Or less than the negative DC side current setpoint I dc * ；
When the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, judging a fault switching tube with short-circuit faults on the positive bus side or the negative bus side and a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube according to a fault identification rule;
the fault recognition rule is as follows:
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in one of the switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector IV;
(3) in sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Judging the c-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then, the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S is judged 4 Short circuit, faulty sector is sector III and sectorZone V;
(5) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then judge the b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S on the negative bus side 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Judging negative bus side c-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector III;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in some two switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sectors II or IV have I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them b <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(3) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them c >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(5) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them b >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I or sector III has I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * Judging negative bus side b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 Short-circuit faults occur in all three switching tubes, and then:
(1) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * Then, the positive bus side a, b and c phase upper bridge arm switch tube S is judged 1 、S 3 、S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(2) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * Then judge the switching tube S of the lower bridge arm of the negative bus side a, b and c phases 4 、S 6 、S 2 The short circuit and the fault sector are sector I, sector III and sector V.
Step 7), aiming at a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube, a 4-segment SVPWM modulation method is adopted to turn off the switching tube on the same bus side as the fault switching tube, and meanwhile, for the switching tube on the opposite bus side which is kept normally open in the 4-segment type, the switching tube is turned off in the 1-segment and 4-segment and turned on in the 2-segment and 3-segment, so that a new switching sequence of the switching tube corresponding to the fault sector is obtained;
and 8) generating pulse signals according to the new switching sequence of the fault sector to drive each switching tube of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier to be turned on and off, so that fault-tolerant operation of the circuit is realized.
The invention builds a three-phase current type PWM rectifier model and carries out fault-tolerant control simulation analysis on the short-circuit fault of the switching tube, and the parameters are set as follows: the input voltage is 70V/50Hz, the output given current is 8A, and the modulation degree m d The output power was 960w and the switching frequency was 3kHz at 0.8.
S at set 5 seconds 1 Short-circuit fault occurs, I 2 Current vector becomes (11-1), I 5 The current vectors become (1-11), so that the target current vectors in the II and VI sectors cannot be normally synthesized, and the a-phase current is negative in the III, IV and V sectors, so S 1 The short circuit does not affect the combination of the target current vectors of the III, IV and V sectors, so the II and VI sectors are fault sectors. If fault-tolerant control is not performed, the input current changes as shown in fig. 4, and according to the fault identification in step 6), the three-phase current type PWM rectifiers determine that sectors ii and vi are fault sectors, and immediately start fault-tolerant control and adjust the switching order of switching transistors of the fault sectors, as shown in fig. 5, and switch transistors S 3 And S is 5 All are turned off in section 4, S 2 Turned off in sections 1 and 4 and turned on in sections 2 and 3 of sector II, S 6 Off in segments 1 and 4 and on in segments 2 and 3 of sector vi. As can be seen from FIG. 6, after a short-circuit fault occurs, the output current andafter the fault-tolerant control is performed, the output current and the voltage are stabilized after 0.03 second, so that the impact on a later-stage circuit is reduced. Meanwhile, the input current is reduced, the total harmonic content is reduced, and other switching tubes are protected. Similarly, set S at 5 seconds 1 And S is 3 After the short-circuit fault occurs and fault identification and fault tolerance control are performed, a current waveform is input, and an output current waveform and an output voltage waveform are shown in fig. 7.S is S 1 ，S 3 And S is 5 After the short-circuit fault occurs and fault identification and fault tolerance control are performed, a current waveform is input, and an output current waveform and an output voltage waveform are shown in fig. 8.
The foregoing description is only specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and all technical solutions using equivalent substitutions, modifications and the like should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method of a three-phase current type PWM rectifier comprises the steps of enabling S to be in a topological structure of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier 1 、S 3 、S 5 The positive bus sides a, b and c are provided with bridge arm switch tubes, S 4 、S 6 、S 2 The switching tube short circuit fault tolerance control method for the phase lower bridge arm switching tubes at the negative bus sides a, b and c is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), phase locking and Park conversion are carried out on the three-phase input voltage to obtain a phase locking angle theta and a d-axis voltage value U d Q-axis voltage value U q ；
Step 2) for a current setpoint I of the DC side current dc * And the actual current value I dc PI control is carried out on the difference value of the d-axis current set value I d * ；
Step 3), obtaining three-phase input current value I a ,I b ,I c And Park conversion is carried out to obtain the actual value I of the d-axis current d Actual value of q-axis current I q ；
Park conversion is carried out on the filter capacitor voltage to obtain a d-axis capacitor voltage value U cd Q-axis capacitance voltage value U cq And is combined withRespectively multiplied by loop gain K d Then, an active damping item is obtained;
step 4), d-axis current set value I d * With d-axis current actual value I d Difference, q-axis current given value I q * And q-axis current actual value I q After difference, the two phases pass through a PI controller together, and active damping items are added respectively, so as to obtain a two-phase rotation modulation signal i d And i q ；
Step 5) will i d And i q After Park inverse transformation, a two-phase stationary modulation signal I is obtained α And I β For I α And I β The number N=4N of the sector where the target current vector is located is obtained after the operation a +2N b +N c Dividing the sector where the target current vector is located into a sector I, a sector II, a sector III, a sector IV, a sector V and a sector VI according to the serial numbers of the sectors, wherein N a 、N b 、N c Representation I α And I β Sign of operation formula, N when operation formula is negative a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 1, the operation formula is positive, N a 、N b 、N c The value of (2) is 0;
step 6), constructing an s-domain average model of the PWM rectifier under the dq coordinate system by using a switching cycle average method shown in the formula (1):
m d I dc ＝I d +ωCU cq -sCU cd (1)
in the formula (1), m d For a modulation signal under a dq coordinate system, ω represents a fundamental wave angular frequency of a power grid, s represents a complex frequency, and C represents a filter capacitor;
when the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, judging a fault switching tube with short-circuit faults on the positive bus side or the negative bus side and a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube according to a fault identification rule;
step 7), aiming at a fault sector corresponding to the fault switching tube, a 4-segment SVPWM modulation method is adopted to turn off the switching tube on the same bus side as the fault switching tube, and meanwhile, for the switching tube on the opposite bus side which is kept normally open in the 4 segments, the switching tube is turned off in the 1 segments and the 4 segments and turned on in the 2 segments and the 3 segments, so that a new switching sequence of the switching tube corresponding to the fault sector is obtained;
and 8) generating pulse signals according to the new switching sequence of the fault sector to drive each switching tube of the three-phase current type PWM rectifier to be turned on and off, so that fault-tolerant operation of the circuit is realized.
2. The fault-tolerant control method for switching tube short circuit of three-phase current type PWM rectifier according to claim 1, wherein: n is obtained by using the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) a ，N b ，N c ：
3. The fault-tolerant control method for switching tube short circuit of three-phase current type PWM rectifier according to claim 1, wherein:
when the PWM rectifier is operating at a steady state operating point, sCU cd =0, due to the feedforward decoupling, the coupling term ωcu cq Is eliminated, then m d I dc ＝I d ；
When the PWM rectifier operates in the linear modulation region, then m d <1；
When the PWM rectifier works normally, three phases of input current I a ,I b ,I c Is smaller than the current given value I of the DC side dc * ；
When the switching tube of the PWM rectifier is short-circuited, three-phase input current I a ,I b ,I c In some sectors greater than the positive DC side current setpoint I dc * Or less than the negative DC side current setpoint I dc * 。
4. The fault-tolerant control method for switching tube short circuit of three-phase current type PWM rectifier according to claim 1, wherein: the fault recognition rule in the step 6 is as follows:
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in one of the switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II and sector IV;
(3) in sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Judging the c-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector III and sector V;
(5) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b <I dc * ，I c >-I dc * Then judge the b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S on the negative bus side 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * ，I b >-I dc * ，I c <I dc * Judging negative bus side c-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I and sector III;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 If a short circuit fault occurs in some two switching tubes, then:
(1) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them c <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 3 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(2) in sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * Sectors II or IV have I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them b <I dc * Then judge the positive bus side a-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S 1 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(3) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * Sector II has I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * All sectors have I in them a <I dc * Then judge the b-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on the positive bus side 3 And c-phase upper bridge arm switching tube S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(4) in sector III or sector V there is I a <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * In sector VHas I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them c >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(5) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them b >-I dc * Then judge the negative bus side a-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
(6) in sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * Sector I or sector III has I c <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * All sectors have I in them a >-I dc * Judging negative bus side b-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 6 And c-phase lower bridge arm switching tube S 2 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector I, sector III and sector V;
if three phases of input current I in any period a 、I b 、I c Three-phase upper bridge arm switch tube S on positive bus side 1 、S 3 、S 5 Or a negative bus side three-phase lower bridge arm switch tube S 4 、S 6 、S 2 Short-circuit faults occur in all three switching tubes, and then:
(1) in sector II or sector IV there is I b >I dc * In sector II or sector VI there is I a >I dc * In sector IV or sector VI there is I c >I dc * In sector IIHas I c <-I dc * Sector IV has I a <-I dc * In sector VI there is I b <-I dc * Then, the positive bus side a, b and c phase upper bridge arm switch tube S is judged 1 、S 3 、S 5 Short circuit, the fault sector is sector II, sector IV and sector VI;
(2) in sector I or sector III there is I c <-I dc * In sector I or sector V there is I b <-I dc * With I in sector III or sector V a <-I dc * Sector I has I a >I dc * Sector III has I b >I dc * Sector V has I c >I dc * Then judge the switching tube S of the lower bridge arm of the negative bus side a, b and c phases 4 、S 6 、S 2 The short circuit and the fault sector are sector I, sector III and sector V.
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