CN115133282A - Novel miniaturized multifrequency antenna array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array, which comprises an antenna structure for realizing various functions, a circuit array consisting of various reflecting circuits and isolating strips, and a circuit board consisting of a phase-shifting circuit and a power dividing circuit, wherein a high-gain antenna and a filtering antenna technology are matched with various isolating technologies through a reasonable topological mode, and the technologies are distributed in the multi-frequency antenna array, so that on one hand, the antenna can radiate a high-gain electric field under the conditions of ensuring the miniaturization and the light weight of the array, ensuring the good work of respective frequency bands and avoiding mutual interference; on the other hand, the four-way oscillators work in the space which originally can only contain three rows of oscillators in the state of higher gain and high isolation, the overall cost is lower, the disassembly is convenient, and the four-way oscillators have very strong competitiveness in the future multi-antenna base station array.

Description

Novel miniaturized multifrequency antenna array

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array.

Background

With the global laying of 5G base stations, the available space on iron towers is less and less, and the integration of 3G/4G/5G base stations is urgent. However, placing antennas of different frequency bands in the same array may cause cross-band interference, which may deteriorate the pattern and isolation and lower the radiation efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array, which comprises a large-scale array of base station antennas, a side reflection array, a novel distribution mode of array elements, isolation bars, a phase shift circuit and a power dividing circuit structure, wherein the gain is higher than that of the similar array, the size is smaller, the cross polarization ratio is high, the height is low, the cost is lower, the production is easy, the radiation performance of the product is improved, and the market competitiveness is strong.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a miniature multi-frequency antenna array is composed of antenna structure with different functions, circuit array consisting of reflecting circuits and isolating bars, and circuit board consisting of phase-shifting circuit and power divider.

Further, the antenna structure includes: the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna works at 0.69-0.96 GHz, the miniaturized dipole filter antenna works at 0.69-0.96 GHz and the half-wave dipole antenna works at 1.7-2.7 GHz.

Furthermore, the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna and the miniaturized dipole filter antenna are positioned on the array centerline and on the same axis, and the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna and the miniaturized dipole filter antenna jointly complete the work of one path of base station antenna; the half-wave dipole antennas are divided into four groups, which are symmetrical about the central axis of the array, and the four groups of half-wave dipole antennas have level differences in the longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna is located at two ends of the same-row miniaturized dipole filter antenna, two rows of half-wave dipole antennas are located at two sides of the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna and the two sides of the miniaturized dipole filter antenna respectively, two rows of half-wave dipole antennas are further arranged below the miniaturized dipole filter antenna, four dipole arms of the miniaturized dipole filter antenna correspondingly extend to the positions above the half-wave dipole antennas located on the central line of the array respectively, and the half-wave dipole antennas located on the central line of the array and the half-wave dipole antennas located at two sides of the miniaturized dipole filter antenna are arranged in a staggered mode.

Further, the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna is composed of two parts: one part is a high-gain dipole without a filter circuit structure, and the other part is a feed circuit module I for connecting the oscillator and the circuit module.

Furthermore, the miniaturized dipole filter antenna comprises four parts: the first part is a dipole radiation surface with a small circuit size and a band-stop filter circuit structure arranged on the first part, the dielectric constant of the dipole radiation surface is 3.0, the shape of the substrate is butterfly, the circuit on the dipole radiation surface consists of four parts which are symmetrical about an axis, two opposite parts form a group of dipoles, two adjacent parts are orthogonal, and the whole dipole radiation surface is a dual-polarized dipole radiation surface;

the second part is two impedance matching circuits and a balun circuit which are connected with the radiating surface of the oscillator, and the two impedance matching circuits and the balun circuit are mutually orthogonal and are respectively connected with two mutually orthogonal polarization circuits on the radiating surface of the oscillator;

the third part is a lead substrate placed on the ground, a 50 omega circuit connected with two impedance matching circuits and a balun circuit is distributed on the lead substrate, and the two impedance matching circuits and the balun circuit are respectively inserted on the lead substrate; the other end of the lead substrate is connected with an external circuit module, and the fourth part is a plastic piece for supporting the whole antenna structure.

Further, the half-wave dipole antenna is composed of four parts: the first part is a die-casting vibrator; the second part is two balun substrates which are embedded in the oscillator and coupled with the oscillator; the third part is a guide sheet 10mm above the vibrator; the fourth part is a feed circuit module II which is used for connecting the oscillator and the power division feed network.

Further, the circuit array includes: spacer and reflective strips operating at 1.7-2.7GHz, and reflective arrays operating at 0.69-2.7 GHz.

Furthermore, the isolation strips are distributed among the antenna structures in each column and are made of aluminum strips; the reflection bands are distributed on the outer side of the array and are made of aluminum plates; the reflective array is positioned above the reflective strip and consists of various circuits printed on a PCB board.

Further, the circuit board block includes: two phase shift circuits working at 1.7-2.7GHz, two power division feed networks working at 1.7-2.7GHz, and a circuit module working at 0.69-0.96 GHz.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) on the basis of ensuring the miniaturization of the array, the interference of the antenna applied to the 3G/4G/5G base station antenna for a certain working frequency band on the antennas working in other lines and columns is greatly reduced;

(2) the broadband filter antenna is adopted to effectively filter the electric waves with the same polarization or non-same polarization from other frequency bands;

(3) the high-gain antenna and the filter antenna are combined to form an array, so that the gain of the antenna array is increased under the condition that the other frequency band antennas work normally, and meanwhile, the cost and the weight of the antenna are controlled;

(4) through a novel topological mode, the four oscillators work in a space which can only contain three rows of oscillators originally in a state of higher gain and high isolation;

(5) when the array topology is too small, the conventional reflector cannot produce good reflection effect on the antenna. The invention provides a reflection technology, which effectively reduces the wave width of an antenna and improves the gain of the whole working frequency band;

(6) for the antenna working at 1.7-2.7GHz, a special topological mode is adopted, and the integral gain is kept at a higher level under the condition of ensuring that the isolation between any two rows of the antenna reaches the standard.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a complete array model of the present invention, in which an antenna structure 1 and a circuit array 2 are shown in solid lines and a circuit board block 3 is shown in dashed lines;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the miniaturized dipole filtering antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a half-wave dipole antenna configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a separator of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflection band of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflectarray of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows the distribution of the four high gain dipoles of the present invention operating at 1.7-2.7 GHz;

reference numerals: 1. the antenna structure comprises an antenna structure 11, a high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna 111, a high-gain dipole 112, a feeding circuit module I, 12, a miniaturized dipole filter antenna 121, a dipole radiating surface 124, a lead substrate 13, a half-wave dipole antenna 131, a die-cast oscillator 132, a balun substrate 133, a guide sheet 134, a feeding circuit module II, 2, a circuit array 21, a separation strip 22, a reflection band 23, a reflection array 3 and a circuit board block.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array includes an antenna structure 1 for implementing various functions, a circuit array 2 composed of various reflection circuits and isolation strips, and a circuit board 3 composed of a phase shift circuit and a power dividing circuit.

As shown in fig. 1, the antenna structure 1 includes: the antenna comprises a high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna 11 working at 0.69-0.96 GHz, a miniaturized dipole filter antenna 12 working at 0.69-0.96 GHz, a broadband filter antenna, a half-wave dipole antenna 13 working at 1.7-2.7GHz, and a combination array of the high-gain antenna and the filter antenna, wherein the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna 11 effectively filters electric waves with the same polarization or non-same polarization from other frequency bands, the gain of the antenna array is increased under the condition of ensuring the normal work of the antennas in other frequency bands, and the cost and the weight of the antenna are controlled;

as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of high-gain miniaturized dipole antennas 11 and miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12 are all located on the same axis and on the center line of the array, and both complete the operation of one path of base station antenna;

as shown in fig. 1 or 7, the half-wave dipole antennas 13 are divided into four groups, namely 13A, 13B, 13C and 13D, and different operations are respectively completed, wherein 13A, 13B, 13C and 13D are symmetrical about the central axis of the array, and the four groups of half-wave dipole antennas 13 have level differences in the longitudinal direction;

specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the high-gain miniaturized dipole antennas 11 are located at two ends of the same row of miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12, two rows of half-wave dipole antennas 13 are located at two sides of the high-gain miniaturized dipole antennas 11 and the miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12, respectively, two rows of half-wave dipole antennas 13 are further disposed below the miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12, four dipole arms of the miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12 extend to positions above the half-wave dipole antennas 13 located on the center line of the array, and the half-wave dipole antennas 13 located on the center line of the array and the half-wave dipole antennas 13 located at two sides of the miniaturized dipole filter antennas 12 are arranged in a staggered manner in the radial direction, so that a group of array forms can achieve a good spatial multiplexing effect; mutual coupling among the arrays is further reduced, and a better isolation effect is obtained;

as shown in fig. 2, the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna 11 is composed of two parts: one part is a high-gain dipole 111 with low cost, small size and no need of a filter circuit structure, and is realized by adopting an integrated die-cast vibrator; the other part is a feeding circuit module I112 for connecting the vibrator and the circuit module 33.

As shown in fig. 3, the miniaturized dipole filtering antenna 12 is composed of four parts: the first part is a dipole radiation surface 121 with a small circuit size and a band-stop filter circuit structure arranged on the first part, the dielectric constant of the dipole radiation surface 121 is 3.0, the shape of a substrate is butterfly, a circuit on the dipole radiation surface 121 is composed of four parts which are symmetrical about an axis, two opposite parts are a group of dipoles, two adjacent parts are orthogonal, and the whole dipole radiation surface 121 is a dual-polarized dipole radiation surface; two oscillator arms at opposite angles of the dipole radiation surface 121 are polarized in one group, the two groups of the oscillator arms are opposite in polarization direction, and the two groups of the oscillator arms are orthogonally arranged to form polarization direction distribution of plus and minus 45 degrees;

the second part is two paths of impedance matching circuits and balun circuits 122 and 123 connected with the oscillator radiation surface 121, the two paths of impedance matching circuits and balun circuits 122 and 123 are mutually orthogonal and are respectively connected with two mutually orthogonal polarization circuits connected with the oscillator radiation surface 121, and the radiation of +/-45-degree polarization electric fields of the antenna in space can be controlled;

the third part is a lead substrate 124 placed on the ground, on which a 50 Ω circuit connected with two impedance matching circuits and balun circuits 122 and 123 is distributed, the two impedance matching circuits and balun circuits 122 and 123 are respectively inserted on the lead substrate 124; the other end of the lead substrate 124 is connected to the external circuit module 33; the fourth part is a plastic piece that supports the entire antenna structure 12.

As shown in fig. 4, the half-wave dipole antenna 13 is composed of four parts: the first part is a die-cast vibrator 131 with lower cost and smaller size; the second part is two balun substrates 132 which are embedded in the oscillator and coupled with the oscillator; the third part is a guide sheet 133 at a position 10mm above the vibrator 131; the fourth part is a feed circuit module II 134 which connects the oscillator and the power division feed network.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the circuit array 2 includes: a spacer 21 and a reflection band 22 operating at 1.7-2.7GHz, and a reflection array 23 operating at 0.69-2.7 GHz.

The isolation strips 21 are distributed among each row of antenna structures 13 and made of aluminum strips, even if the spacing between array elements is small, no obvious coupling effect can be generated through the arrangement of the isolation strips 21, and the reflection bands 22 are distributed on the outer side of the array and made of aluminum plates; a reflective array 23 is located above the reflective tape 22 and consists of various circuits printed on a PCB board.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the circuit board block 3 includes: two phase shift circuits 311 and 312 working at 1.7-2.7GHz, two power division feed networks 321 and 322 working at 1.7-2.7GHz, a circuit module 33 composed of a phase shift circuit and a power division circuit working at 0.69-0.96 GHz, and plus or minus 45-degree polarization feed for the antenna unit respectively.

In summary, the present invention combines the high-gain antenna and the filtering antenna technology with a plurality of isolation technologies through a reasonable topology, and distributes the above technologies in the multi-frequency antenna array, so that on one hand, the antenna can radiate a high-gain electric field under the condition of ensuring the miniaturization and light weight of the array, good working of respective frequency bands, and no mutual interference; on the other hand, the four-way oscillators work in the space which originally can only contain three rows of oscillators in the state of higher gain and high isolation, the overall cost is lower, the disassembly is convenient, and the four-way oscillators have very strong competitiveness in the future multi-antenna base station array.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles of the invention, its essential features and advantages, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A novel miniaturized multifrequency antenna array which characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna structure (1) for realizing various functions, a circuit array (2) consisting of various reflecting circuits and isolating bars, and a circuit board block (3) consisting of a phase-shifting circuit and a power dividing circuit.

2. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the antenna structure (1) comprises: the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna (11) works at 0.69-0.96 GHz, the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) works at 0.69-0.96 GHz, and the half-wave dipole antenna (13) works at 1.7-2.7 GHz.

3. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna (11) and the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) are positioned on the array centerline and on the same axis, and the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna and the miniaturized dipole filter antenna jointly complete the work of one path of base station antenna; the half-wave dipole antennas (13) are divided into four groups, which are symmetrical about the central axis of the array, and the four groups of half-wave dipole antennas (13) have level differences in the longitudinal direction.

4. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 3, wherein: the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna (11) is located at two ends of the same-row miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12), two rows of half-wave dipole antennas (13) are located at two sides of the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna (11) and the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) respectively, two rows of half-wave dipole antennas (13) are further arranged below the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12), four dipole arms of the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) correspondingly extend to the positions above the half-wave dipole antennas (13) located on the central line of the array respectively, and the half-wave dipole antennas (13) located on the central line of the array and the half-wave dipole antennas (13) located at two sides of the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) are arranged in a staggered mode.

5. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the high-gain miniaturized dipole antenna (11) is composed of two parts: one part is a high-gain dipole (111) which does not need a filter circuit structure, and the other part is a feeding circuit module I (112) for connecting the oscillator and the circuit module (33).

6. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the miniaturized dipole filter antenna (12) is composed of four parts: the first part is a dipole radiation surface (121) with a small circuit size and a band-stop filter circuit structure arranged on the first part, the dielectric constant of the dipole radiation surface (121) is 3.0, the shape of a substrate is butterfly, a circuit on the dipole radiation surface (121) is composed of four parts which are symmetrical about an axis, two opposite parts are a group of dipoles, two adjacent parts are orthogonal, and the whole dipole radiation surface (121) is a dual-polarized dipole radiation surface;

the second part is two impedance matching circuits and a balun circuit which are connected with the radiating surface (121) of the oscillator, and the two impedance matching circuits and the balun circuit are mutually orthogonal and are respectively connected with two mutually orthogonal polarization circuits on the radiating surface (121) of the oscillator;

the third part is a lead substrate (124) placed on the ground, a 50 omega circuit connected with two impedance matching circuits and a balun circuit is distributed on the lead substrate, and the two impedance matching circuits and the balun circuit are respectively inserted on the lead substrate; the other end of the lead substrate (124) is connected to an external circuit module (33), and the fourth part is a plastic member supporting the entire antenna structure (12).

7. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the half-wave dipole antenna (13) is composed of four parts: the first part is a die-casting vibrator (131); the second part is two balun substrates (132) which are embedded in the oscillator and coupled with the oscillator; the third part is a guide sheet (133) which is 10mm above the vibrator (131); the fourth part is a feed circuit module II (134) which connects the oscillator and the power division feed network.

8. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the circuit array (2) comprises: a spacer (21) and a reflective strip (22) operating at 1.7-2.7GHz, and a reflective array (23) operating at 0.69-2.7 GHz.

9. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 8, wherein: the isolating strips (21) are distributed among each row of antenna structures (13) and are made of aluminum strips; the reflection bands (22) are distributed on the outer side of the array and are made of aluminum plates; the reflective array (23) is above the reflective tape (22) and consists of various circuits printed on a PCB board.

10. The novel miniaturized multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein: the circuit board block (3) comprises: two phase shift circuits working at 1.7-2.7GHz, two power division feed networks working at 1.7-2.7GHz and a circuit module (33) working at 0.69-0.96 GHz.

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