CN115130265A - Method and device for optimizing injection and production capacity of injection and production well of gas storage reservoir - Google Patents
Method and device for optimizing injection and production capacity of injection and production well of gas storage reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for optimizing the injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of a gas storage, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load, and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir; determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column; and determining the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir. The invention can not only fully consider the special working condition of the gas storage well, design the scientific and reasonable injection and production capability, fully exert the injection and production capability of the injection and production well, but also greatly reduce the subjective influence factors of designers, and simultaneously ensure the long-term safe operation of the injection and production well on the premise of safety and reliability; the designed injection and production well is scientific and reliable in injection and production capacity, and can exert the peak regulation capacity of the gas storage to the maximum extent under the condition of not increasing any investment. On the premise of ensuring safety, the construction investment of a new well is reduced, and the injection and production effects of an in-service well are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optimization of injection and production capacity of a gas storage, in particular to a method and a device for optimizing injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of the gas storage.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
The gas storage plays an important role in natural gas conservation in winter, and is an important foundation stone for national energy safety. The gas storage mainly has the function of adjusting the non-uniformity of supply and demand of natural gas in winter and summer; namely, the surplus natural gas is stored in the air consumption valley in summer, and the natural gas is extracted in the air consumption peak in winter. Therefore, the injection and production wells of the gas storage must meet the requirements of strong injection and strong production, and the injection and production capacity of the injection and production wells is a key factor for evaluating the efficiency of the gas storage. The injection and production capacity of the gas storage is determined by the supply capacity of the reservoir and the passing capacity of the pipe column. The gas storage can only reach the designed injection and production capacity when the supply capacity of the reservoir and the passing capacity of the pipe column meet the requirements. The construction investment of the gas storage well is large, and the forced injection and the forced extraction are performed through few wells as much as possible; the safety risk of the gas storage well is large, and serious safety accidents are caused by formation sand production and failure of a pipe column; efficient injection and production under the safety premise is a pursuit target of gas storage. The stratum sand production refers to the phenomenon that in the production process of an oil-gas well, because of overlarge production pressure difference, loose cementation of rocks in a sandstone oil-gas layer and the like, stratum sand flows into a shaft to block an oil-gas channel, so that the production of the oil-gas well is stopped
According to literature research, the existing gas storage injection and production capacity design method almost refers to the conventional gas well design method, and the particularity of strong injection and strong production, periodic injection and production and the like of the gas storage cannot be considered. For example: the reservoir supply capacity and the pipe column passing capacity are determined by the gas storage with reference to a conventional gas well mode, but special working conditions such as strong injection and strong extraction of the gas storage are not considered, the reasonable reservoir supply capacity cannot be determined, and the exertion of the reservoir supply capacity is limited. Evaluating the erosion resistance of a pipe string is key to determining the maximum throughput of the pipe string. However, the existing gas storage well and the conventional gas well all adopt an empirical method to evaluate the erosion resistance of the pipe column, and the factors influencing the erosion of the pipe column are more, and the existing design method only summarizes the factors into an empirical constant, namely a critical erosion coefficient, and cannot scientifically and effectively consider the influencing factors; the value range of the empirical constant is large, the design result is greatly influenced by the subjectivity of designers, and the reasonable maximum passing capacity cannot be scientifically designed; meanwhile, in order to avoid unpredictable failure risks, designers tend to perform conservative calculation, and the passing capacity of the pipe column is limited; the design of the service life of the pipe column does not consider the influence of different media on the service life of the pipe column under the periodic injection and production working condition; the existing design method cannot give full play to the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well, and the long-term safe and efficient operation of the injection and production well is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for optimizing injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of a gas storage, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load, and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir;
determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column;
and determining the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir.
The embodiment of the invention provides a gas storage reservoir injection and production well injection and production capacity optimizing device, which comprises:
the device comprises a reservoir limit supply capacity determining module, a rock sand production testing module and a rock sand production testing module, wherein the reservoir limit supply capacity determining module is used for performing rock sand production testing on a rock core sample under an alternating load condition and determining the reservoir limit supply capacity;
the pipe column limit passing capacity determining module is used for determining the pipe column limit passing capacity;
and the gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity determining module is used for determining the injection and production capacity of the gas storage injection and production well based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method is applied to the injection and production capacity design of newly-built gas storage injection and production wells and newly-drilled injection and production wells of an existing gas storage, the maximum injection and production capacity can be optimally designed, the safe and reasonable maximum injection and production capacity of a tubular column can be scientifically designed, the injection and production capacity of the gas storage can be furthest exerted under the condition of not increasing any investment, the extra increase of the building cost of the gas storage due to the unscientific injection and production capacity design is further reduced or avoided, the building cost of the gas storage is reduced, the operating benefit of the gas storage is improved, and the safe and efficient operation of the gas storage is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing injection-production capacity of an injection-production well of a gas storage reservoir in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed step diagram of a method for optimizing the safe and efficient injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of a gas storage reservoir in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention for determining the ultimate supply capacity of a reservoir;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for optimizing the injection-production capacity of an injection-production well of a gas storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of data required in the gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity optimization device in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of a gas storage, which comprises the following steps of:
step 102: and carrying out a rock sand production test under the condition of alternating load, and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir.
The sand production pressure difference of a reservoir under the production condition of the conventional gas well adopts conventional sand production models, the conventional sand production models are various, the models corresponding to different well types are different, and one of the models is selected. The conventional critical sand production differential pressure model is as follows:
in the formula:
-critical sand discharge differential pressure;
s is constant, when the thick-wall cylinder takes an outer diameter of 38mm and an inner diameter of 12.6mm, s is 3.1;
C 0 the failure strength of the thick-walled cylinder can be obtained by a thick-walled cylinder compression experiment;
σ is an effective principal stress combination expression, wherein horizontal well expressions are different from vertical well expressions;
A 1 -constant, determined experimentally.
The operation of the gas storage is periodic injection and production, which is different from the conventional gas field, along with the periodic injection and production operation of the gas storage, the rock bears the alternating load effect caused by the alternating injection and production, the alternating load affects the rock strength of the reservoir, and the strength of the rock is reduced after the rock bears multi-period alternating load. Researches prove that the sand production differential pressure of a reservoir under the injection and production working condition is greatly different from that under the production condition of a conventional gas well, namely the limit sand production differential pressure is reduced compared with that without consideration of the alternating load after the influence of the alternating load is considered. The existing design method does not consider the working condition characteristic of alternate injection and production of the gas storage, namely the traditional sand production model does not consider the influence, so that the sand production critical pressure difference is not accurately calculated. And (2) comparing the rock strength change after the sand production experiment under the conditions of the conventional sand production experiment and the alternating load, correcting the conventional sand production model, introducing a parameter which can represent the influence of the alternating load caused by injection and production on the rock strength, namely a rock damage coefficient D, establishing a reservoir sand production model under the conditions of the injection and production working conditions, and obtaining the limit sand production pressure difference of the reservoir. The calculation formula of the limit sand outlet pressure difference is as follows:
in the formula:
-critical sand discharge differential pressure;
s is constant, when the thick-wall cylinder takes an outer diameter of 38mm and an inner diameter of 12.6mm, s is 3.1;
C 0 the failure strength of the thick-walled cylinder can be obtained by a thick-walled cylinder compression experiment;
σ is an effective principal stress combination expression, wherein horizontal well expressions are different from vertical well expressions;
d, rock damage coefficient, dimensionless;
A 1 constants, determined by experiment.
The sand production experiment under the condition of alternating load is carried out by applying axial load with certain frequency and certain magnitude to a sample on the basis of a conventional sand production experiment so as to simulate the influence of an alternate injection and production working condition on reservoir sand production.
Based on this, the specific flow chart of the ultimate supply capacity of the reservoir proposed by the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and comprises:
step 301: carrying out rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load, and determining the damage coefficient of the core sample;
step 302: establishing a reservoir sand production model under the condition of injection and production working conditions;
step 303: and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir according to the damage coefficient of the core sample and the reservoir sand production model under the injection and production working condition.
The three-axis rock testing system needs to be modified to complete the sand production experiment under the condition of alternating load, so that the periodic axial load can be applied to the sample. The modification of the triaxial rock testing system mainly comprises the following steps: 1) the core sample clamp is improved to ensure that the core sample clamp can bear certain axial tensile stress after being installed with a core; 2) the shape of the core sample is slightly improved so as to be matched with a clamp, the preset length is reserved at two ends of the original core sample, and grooves with preset width and preset depth are processed (mainly, the improvement of the fixation of an experimental sample, and the conventional experiment mainly refers to the fact that the sample bears the compressive stress, and the sample is simply fixed); the tensile stress possibly borne by the injection-production process needs to be simulated in the current experiment, so that a sample needs to be processed, the clamp is convenient to effectively control, and the sample can bear the tensile stress); 3) the hydraulic control system is improved to apply periodic tensile stress and compressive stress, and the period and the magnitude can be changed, namely the magnitude and the direction of the axial load are controlled by the hydraulic control system. The load frequency is determined according to an experimental period, an injection-production period and the like, and the load size is determined according to upper limit pressure and lower limit pressure in the injection-production process.
After a multi-period experiment is measured, the damage coefficient D of a core sample can be directly measured and compared (calculating the influence of alternating load on the rock strength is obtained by integrating a strain curve and a coordinate axis), and then injection and production parameters (mainly referring to the change range and frequency of the formation pressure in the injection and production process) are simulated according to a formula
The limit sand outlet pressure difference of the gas storage well can be obtained.
Step 104: and (4) carrying out optimization design of the tubular column under the complex working condition, and determining the limit passing capacity of the tubular column.
The method is divided into the conventional tubular column and the designed tubular column, and how to determine the limit passing capacity of the tubular column.
The existing pipe column:
carrying out a pipe column passing capacity test under different conditions, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column; i.e., the following 3).
If for the design tubular column:
determining whether a circulating sliding sleeve is selected; determining a form of a production packer; i.e., the following 1).
Testing the influence of a corrosion medium on the injection-production string under the condition of alternating load, and determining the material and the thickness of the string; i.e., the following 2).
Carrying out a pipe column passing capacity test under different conditions, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column; i.e., the following 3).
And establishing a fatigue model of the tubular column body and the screw thread under the condition of alternating load, and determining the steel grade and the sealing screw thread of the tubular column. I.e., the following 4).
1) to 4) are described in detail below.
1) Optimized design of pipe column structure under condition of developing various injection and production functions
The structure of the gas storage injection and production well pipe column is similar to that of a conventional gas well, and the oil removing pipe comprises underground tools such as an underground safety valve, a production packer and a circulating sliding sleeve, but for different gas storage injection and production characteristics, the selection and the type selection of the underground tools have no clear design basis, and are greatly influenced by the subjectivity of designers. The difficulty in selecting and modeling downhole tools is the selection of a circulating sliding sleeve and the selection of a production packer. The installation of the circulating sliding sleeve is convenient for later-stage workover operation, but the reliability of the circulating sliding sleeve and the operation reliability are greatly reduced along with the increase of the well depth; production packers are divided into retrievable packers and permanent packers, which are relatively chaotic in field application. In order to design the injection-production pipe column structure conveniently and scientifically, the gas storage well is divided into two categories according to the depth and the injection-production medium, and a plurality of sets of pipe column structures are designed according to different injection-production functions and characteristic requirements, so that all the gas storage wells can be covered.
(1) Wells containing corrosive media or well depths greater than 3000 m: a circulating sliding sleeve is not selected, and a circulating channel is established in other ways at the later stage to carry out workover operation; (2) wells containing slightly corrosive medium and having a well depth of less than 3000 m: and the installation of the circulating sliding sleeve is convenient for later workover operation. Through on-site well workover data statistical analysis, the failure rates of the retrievable packer and the permanent packer of different gas storage reservoirs are not completely the same, and the production packer type with low failure rate is preferably selected by combining injection and production working condition parameters. And (4) counting the whole data of the well repair of the existing gas storage, suggesting that a permanent packer is selected for the injection and production well, and selecting a removable packer for the reservoir monitoring well.
2) Testing the life of an injection production string during the full life cycle
The gas storage injection and production well needs a certain corrosive medium (CO) contained in a gas transmission pipeline 2 And H 2 S) injecting the corrosion medium into the injection and production well, wherein the corrosion medium can not avoid corroding the pipe column. The existing pipe column design is subjected to a gas well material evaluation experiment with multiple references, and the influence of a corrosive medium on the pipe column under an alternating load condition cannot be reflected. Different from a conventional gas well, the gas injected into the gas storage well is natural gas from a long-distance pipeline, the natural gas enters the pipeline to be treated, the natural gas is generally free of water and dry gas, a pipe column is generally not corroded, and the material selection needs to consider the different point. The injection-production operation causes the injection-production pipe column to bear alternating load, and research shows that the alternating load can influence the stress corrosion of the pipe column.
Therefore, an experimental method for the injection-production string by the corrosive medium under the condition of alternating load is established, and the material and the wall thickness of the injection-production string are designed according to the design life requirement of the gas storage. The core of the experimental method of the corrosion medium on the injection-production string under the condition of the alternating load is to introduce a load control system on the basis of carrying out a conventional corrosion evaluation experiment, apply the alternating load to a sample in the experimental process and simulate the underground stress condition of the injection-production string. The method is characterized in that the worst corrosion environment (factors influencing corrosion are many, mainly including pressure, temperature and the like, generally speaking, the pressure (the higher the partial pressure of a corrosion medium is, the more serious the corrosion is, the temperature influence is regular; therefore, the work condition which has the largest influence on the corrosion of a pipe column, namely the worst work condition) is easily determined according to the actual work condition on site) is selected according to the injection and production work condition, and the corrosion environment is simulated in a closed container. Meanwhile, calculating an axial load spectrum born by the tubular column according to the injection-production working condition parameters, and determining the load spectrum of the experiment according to the area ratio of the sample to the tubular column. Carrying out corrosion evaluation experiment to determine the corrosion rate of the sample, if H exists 2 And if S exists, the stress corrosion condition of the pipe column is also evaluated.
Research shows that alternating load can influence the corrosion rate of the tubular column, and especially can aggravate the fracture of the tubular column under the condition of containing hydrogen sulfide, so that the alternating load is simulated to carry out corrosion evaluation experiments, reasonable materials are selected, and the thickness of the tubular column is optimized according to the corrosion rate and the design service life of the tubular column.
3) Testing of pipe column passing capacity under complex working condition
Maximum capacity of pipe stringIs determined by the pipe string size and its erosion resistance, i.e. once the pipe string is determined, its maximum capacity is related only to its erosion resistance. The throughput of the string is the product of the cross-sectional area of the string and the maximum flow rate for injection and production. The size of the pipe column has certain specifications, the selection is less, and the maximum size does not exceed 7 inches (outer diameter). The maximum flow rate for injection and production is affected by a number of factors, including: material of pipe column and gas Component (CO) 2 、H 2 S), gas-liquid ratio, temperature in the column, pressure in the column, solid-phase particles and the like, and the variation range is wide. According to the test requirements, an experimental scheme is designed, and the test of the passing capacity of the tubular column under different conditions is carried out. Experimental protocols are designed more routinely, and the simplest approach is to design a variety of protocols, including every possibility, but this easily results in too many protocols and too much experimental work. The optimal scheme is that values are taken near the critical value of each influence factor through optimization design, and different experimental schemes are designed. And judging the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the critical value of each group of experiments, wherein if the difference value is plus or minus 0.05mm/a (millimeter/year, which represents corrosion rate unit), the experimental flow rate under the working condition is the maximum injection flow rate under the corresponding working condition. If the pipe wall thinning rate is far lower than the critical value, the experimental flow rate is proved to be lower than the maximum injection-production flow rate, and can be further increased, or vice versa, and the maximum injection-production flow rate of the pipe column can be determined in turn. From the flow rates for injection and production, the maximum injection and production capacity can be determined if the tubing string dimensions are known. The unit of the passing capacity of the natural gas pipe column is ten thousand square/day, and the unit of the injection and production flow rate is meter/second; if the inner diameter of the pipe column is known, the sectional area of the pipe column can be obtained, the flow rate, namely the injection and production capacity, can be obtained by multiplying the injection and production flow speed by the sectional area, and then the injection and production capacity can be obtained by converting the flow rate into the flow rate of one day. If the maximum production and injection capacity is known, the minimum string size can be determined.
Summarizing and analyzing 3), namely performing a tubular column passing capacity test under different working conditions, and determining the tubular column limit passing capacity, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
determining the pipe wall thinning rate under the pipe column passing capability test under different working conditions;
and comparing the pipe wall thinning rate with a preset critical value, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column according to the comparison result.
Comparing the pipe wall thinning rate with a preset critical value, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column according to the comparison result, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is within the preset difference value range, the experimental flow rate under the corresponding working condition is the maximum injection-production flow rate under the corresponding working condition;
if the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is not within the preset difference value range and the pipe wall thinning rate is lower than the preset critical value, the experimental flow speed under the corresponding working condition is lower than the maximum injection-production flow speed under the corresponding working condition, and the experimental flow speed is increased until the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is within the preset difference value range;
and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column according to the maximum injection-production flow rate and the pipe column size.
4) Pipe column strength test under condition of developing alternating injection and production working conditions
The injection-production operation leads to the injection-production pipe column bearing alternating load, the reciprocating injection-production leads to the injection-production pipe column body and the screw thread bearing alternating axial acting force, and the fatigue failure and the screw thread sealing failure of the pipe column body are easily caused. Based on the mechanical calculation of the tubular column, a fatigue model of the tubular column body and the screw threads under the condition of alternating load is established (the model generally refers to modeling by finite element software and belongs to the conventional technology), or the fatigue test of the tubular column body and the screw threads is developed, the strength and the sealing performance of the tubular column are simulated and evaluated, and the reasonable steel grade and the sealing screw threads of the tubular column are optimized.
The strength of the tubular column body can be checked by utilizing tubular column mechanical software to carry out tensile, compression, internal pressure and external extrusion resistance and triaxial stress checking in a full life cycle considering time, namely, the influence of the former working condition on the latter working condition under different working conditions is considered (the tubular column of the gas storage reservoir needs to pass through a plurality of procedures from the well descending to the production, such as annular space protection liquid replacement, packer making, gas injection, gas production, well shut-in and the like, in the gas injection and gas production processes, the tubular column is subjected to different stresses due to different gas injection and production quantities, and the stress state of the tubular column caused by a certain working condition is transmitted to the next working condition), and the checking is carried out step by step. At present, no professional pipe column screw thread sealing checking method exists, and a finite element method can be adopted for checking; firstly, establishing a physical model according to the size of the screw thread, then taking the actual injection and production working condition as a boundary condition, finally obtaining the contact stress of the screw thread under different working conditions, and comparing the contact stress with a standard (the standard refers to the standard of the contact stress, and the contact stress standards of different screw threads are different) to obtain the sealing performance of the screw thread.
In addition, an experimental device can be used for testing the strength of the tubular column body and the fatigue of the screw thread; converting the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the pipe column according to the actual injection and production working conditions, and calculating the axial load spectrum borne by the pipe column; and then sealing the pipe column, applying internal pressure which is the same as the pressure difference, fixing two ends, applying a periodic axial load spectrum, developing a multi-period fatigue experiment, and testing whether the screw thread leaks.
Step 106: and determining the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir.
The injection and production capacity of the injection and production well is determined by the supply capacity of the reservoir and the passing capacity of the injection and production string; the injection-production capacity is the minimum of the two. The method can be divided into two categories of an active injection-production well and a newly-built injection-production well for design:
1) active service injection and production well
Firstly, collecting dynamic production data, design data and the like of an active well, experimental samples and the like. Producing dynamic data includes: daily gas production, daily water production, daily condensate production, wellhead temperature, wellhead pressure, gas components and the like. The design data includes: the system comprises an upper limit pressure of a gas storage, a lower limit pressure of the gas storage, the formation temperature, the maximum injection and production capacity, the maximum production pressure difference (the maximum production pressure difference is determined according to the limit sand production pressure difference and is generally smaller than the limit sand production pressure difference), the pipe column material, the pipe column structure, the pipe column size, the maximum passing capacity of the pipe column, the ground stress parameter and the like. The experimental samples included: reservoir rock samples, sand production samples, pipe column material samples, produced liquid samples and the like. The collected basic data are analyzed, experimental parameters (mainly comprising temperature, pressure, water content, sand sample concentration, sand sample particle size, pipe column material, flow velocity and the like) of a sand production experiment and a pipe column passing capability test experiment are determined, and a front-end automatic data acquisition system can be established for automatically collecting and analyzing the basic data, so that the technical popularization is facilitated. At present, a gas storage operation management system is established in China petroleum, dynamic data such as daily gas production, daily water production, daily condensate oil, well head temperature, well head pressure and the like of a well can be consulted in real time, and data such as upper limit pressure, lower limit pressure, stratum temperature, maximum design injection and production capacity, gas components and the like of the gas storage can also be consulted; the maximum design production pressure difference, the material of the tubular column, the structure of the tubular column, the size of the tubular column, the maximum passing capacity of the tubular column and the like are only required to be consulted independently, and the ground stress parameters, the structure of the tubular column, the material, the size and the maximum passing capacity of the reservoir in the same block are basically the same. Therefore, for the same block, after the front-end automatic data acquisition system is established, different wells only need to independently consult the maximum design production pressure difference. The front-end data acquisition system takes the upper limit pressure and the lower limit pressure of a gas storage as the pressure range of a sand production experiment (without conversion, the upper limit pressure and the lower limit pressure are directly taken as the highest pressure and the lowest pressure of the experiment), and the experimental temperature is the formation temperature; the alternating load frequency is determined by considering the loading period and the experimental period of the equipment, and the frequency is set to be 50Hz generally. The front-end data acquisition system can automatically screen the influence parameters influencing the passing capability of the tubular column according to the basic parameters of injection and production and a built-in selection model (the parameters influencing the passing capability of the tubular column are built in advance, and the main influence factors are different under different working conditions due to different influence factors, and are automatically sorted according to the influence sensitivity; the experiment can be carried out by taking priority to main influence parameters, and all influence factors can be researched. The experimental parameters are based on the worst condition in the actual injection and production working condition, and if the actual injection and production working condition is near a critical value of a certain parameter, an experimental point is respectively selected around the critical value to carry out the experiment.
And secondly, adopting the experimental equipment mentioned in the step 1 to carry out experiments according to the experimental parameters and the range determined by the front-end data acquisition system. After the experiment multicycle experiment is finished, determining a new critical production pressure difference by calculating the influence coefficient of alternating load on the rock strength (the experiment can directly obtain the critical production pressure difference, and can also adopt a formula, namely the formula that the rock damage coefficient is adopted to correct a conventional sand production model, and the conventional sand production model is the formula mentioned above), judging whether the determined production pressure difference is higher than the determined designed production pressure difference, if so, suggesting to increase the production pressure difference on site, and if so, reducing the production pressure difference; meanwhile, according to the physical properties of the rock after the test of the multi-period experiment, comparing the physical properties with the initial state (the physical properties of the rock are tested before the experiment), and judging the physical property change amplitude; and comprehensively considering the increasing amplitude of the production pressure difference and the variation amplitude of the physical property of the reservoir to determine the maximum supply capacity of the reservoir. The production pressure difference is increased, and the yield of the injection and production well can be determined; the reservoir physical property changes, the productivity of the injection and production well is influenced, namely, the productivity equation is changed, the yield equation containing permeability parameters can be simply adopted, and the original permeability is replaced by the changed permeability.
And thirdly, evaluating whether the maximum passing capacity of the pipe column is reasonable. And (3) the active injection-production well finishes the design of the injection-production pipe column, and the passing capacity of the existing pipe column is evaluated only according to the step 3 of the step 2. And (3) according to the experimental parameters and range designed by the front-end data acquisition system, developing the maximum passing capacity test of the tubular column according to the step (2) and the step (3), namely developing test experiments under different conditions, and judging whether the wall thickness reduction rate of the tubular column is close to a critical value or not. And judging the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the critical value of each group of experiments, wherein if the difference value is plus or minus 0.05mm/a, the experimental flow speed under the working condition is the maximum injection-production flow speed under the corresponding working condition. If the rate of wall thinning is much lower than the critical value, it is demonstrated that the experimental flow rate is lower than the maximum flow rate for injection and production, which can be further increased, and vice versa. And calculating the maximum passing capacity of the tubular column according to the determined maximum injection-production flow rate, comparing the maximum passing capacity with the original designer, and judging whether the passing capacity of the tubular column has the potential of improvement. Furthermore, if the conditions allow, the factors influencing the injection and production flow rate can be classified into different types, and the design template is drawn under different conditions; a plurality of design templates can be drawn according to circumstances. In the design of the template, sensitive areas are divided one by one according to the influence sensitivity of different factors, the whole injection-production working condition is divided into a plurality of areas by combining the critical points of different influence factors, and each area corresponds to different maximum injection-production flow rates. When the maximum injection and production capacity of the pipe column is designed, the maximum injection and production flow rate can be determined by comparing the injection and production working conditions with the calculation chart, and finally, a pipe column maximum throughput capacity calculation expert system is established.
And finally, taking the minimum value of the reservoir supply capacity and the maximum pipe column passing capacity as the maximum injection and production capacity of the injection and production well. If the reservoir supply capacity is smaller than or equal to the pipe column passing capacity, the injection-production pipe column is not suitable to be replaced; if the reservoir supply capacity is far larger than the tubular column throughput capacity, the tubular column throughput capacity can be improved by optimally designing the material, size (the size of the tubular column is limited by the size of a well hole), structure and the like of the injection-production tubular column according to the step 2, and the purpose of matching the reservoir supply capacity is achieved.
2) New-built injection-production well
The newly-built injection and production well is evaluated according to the step 1, and the evaluation method is the same as that of an active well; and (3) optimally designing the structure, the material, the strength and the like of the injection and production string according to the steps 1, 2 and 4 in the step 2, finally designing a reasonable string size (the design method is the same as that of an active well) according to the step 3 in the step 2 by combining the supply capacity of the reservoir to match the supply capacity of the reservoir, further designing the size of a well hole, and finally designing the quantity of the injection and production wells and the injection and production gas quantity of the gas storage.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of solving the problems of the device is similar to the injection and production capacity optimization method of the gas storage injection and production well, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the injection and production capacity optimization method of the gas storage injection and production well, and repeated parts are not described again.
Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of an injection and production capability optimizing device for an injection and production well of a gas storage according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the injection and production capability optimizing device for an injection and production well of a gas storage includes:
the reservoir limit supply capacity determining module 02 is used for performing rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load and determining the reservoir limit supply capacity;
the pipe column limit passing capacity determining module 04 is used for determining the pipe column limit passing capacity;
and the gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity determination module 06 is used for determining the injection and production capacity of the gas storage injection and production well based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir.
The gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity optimization device can be regarded as an injection and production capacity optimization design expert system based on a petroleum gas storage operation system. Firstly, the design method of each step in the invention is uniformly programmed, the existing data is used as default data to be built in to form a basic expert subsystem, and a user is allowed to correct the parameters of the model in each subsystem. The system is then interfaced with a gas storage reservoir operating system, single well base data is automatically collected and analyzed, and experimental protocols (including parameters and experimental group numbers) are determined. Then, carrying out experiments according to the experimental scheme, determining reservoir supply capacity and maximum pipe column passing capacity, and obtaining intermediate process parameters; and adding the experimental data into the corresponding subsystem to form a database. Finally, the system can synthesize and design the material, strength, structure and size of the pipe column, and give the maximum injection and production capacity; for a new well, the maximum injection-production capacity can be obtained under the existing limited conditions (material, size, structure and the like of a tubular column). Through the continuous popularization and application of the expert system, more and more data can be accumulated, and the database can be continuously perfected. When the database is accumulated to a certain degree, indoor experiments can be avoided, and reasonable injection and production capacity can be obtained by database comparison or big data comparison, as shown in fig. 5.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to a gas storage reservoir.
The upper limit pressure of a certain gas storage is 15MPa and 30MPa respectively, and the formation temperature is 100 ℃; the daily gas production is 50 ten thousand square/day, the daily water production is 2 square/day, no condensate oil exists, the content of carbon dioxide in the produced natural gas is 1.98 percent, no hydrogen sulfide exists, and sand does not exist in a reservoir stratum; the maximum production pressure difference of a single well is about 3.5MPa, and the maximum injection and production capacity of a pipe column is 120 ten thousand square/day under the pressure of 15 MPa; the material of the pipe column is 13Cr, and the size of the pipe column is 41/2. Most of the data can be recorded from the gas storage operation system. The maximum safe injection and production capacity is evaluated. 13Cr is a stainless steel, a martensitic stainless steel containing 13% chromium.
Carrying out an experiment by using a stratum actual core sample; the lower pressure limit of a sand production experiment is set to be 15MPa, the upper pressure limit is set to be 30MPa, the experiment temperature is 100 ℃, and the loading frequency is set to be 50 Hz. Multiple-period experiments show that the critical production pressure can be increased to 6.2MPa (compared with the production pressure difference of 3.5MPa in the original design scheme), and the supply capacity of a single-well reservoir is increased to 80 ten thousand square per day from 62 ten thousand square per day.
And taking the field pipe column as an experimental sample to carry out the maximum passing capacity test of the pipe column. The front-end data acquisition system preliminarily judges that the main factors influencing the passing capacity of the library are sorted as follows: water content, carbon dioxide partial pressure, temperature, etc. A test experiment is carried out under the conditions that the pressure is 30MPa, the carbon dioxide partial pressure is 0.6MPa, the temperature is 100 ℃, and the water content is 0.001%. The experimental result shows that after the flow rate is improved by 50% under the original design flow rate condition, the thinning rate of the pipe wall is still lower than the critical value of 0.076mm/a, in the conservative interest, 1.5 times of the original design flow rate is taken as the maximum injection and production flow rate, and the maximum passing capacity of the single well pipe column can reach 152-.
The smaller value is the peak regulation capacity of a single well, the average optimal injection and production capacity of the single well of the gas storage can be improved from 62 ten thousand in a day to 80 ten thousand in a day, the injection and production capacity of the whole storage can be increased by 420 ten thousand in a day, and the injection and production capacity is increased by 5 hundred million in a year.
All basic data, experimental results and other tubular column data of the above experiments are input into an expert database, so that later-stage expert system calling is facilitated, as shown in fig. 5.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage.
The method and the device for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage can fully consider the special working conditions of the gas storage well, design the scientific and reasonable injection and production capacity, fully exert the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well, greatly reduce subjective influence factors of designers and ensure the long-term safe operation of the injection and production well on the premise of safety and reliability; the designed injection and production well is scientific and reliable in injection and production capacity, and can exert the peak regulation capacity of the gas storage to the maximum extent under the condition of not increasing any investment. On the premise of ensuring safety, the construction investment of a new well is reduced, and the injection and production effects of an in-service well are improved.
The method is applied to the design of the injection and production capacity of newly-built injection and production wells of the gas storage and the newly-drilled injection and production wells of the existing gas storage, the maximum injection and production capacity can be optimally designed, the safe and reasonable maximum injection and production capacity of the tubular column can be scientifically designed, the injection and production capacity of the gas storage can be furthest exerted under the condition of not increasing any investment, the extra-increased building cost caused by the unscientific design of the injection and production capacity is further reduced or avoided, the building cost of the gas storage is reduced, the operating benefit of the gas storage is improved, and the safe and efficient operation of the gas storage is ensured.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load, and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir;
determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column;
and determining the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column of the reservoir.
2. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of performing a rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load to determine the limit supply capacity of the reservoir comprises the following steps:
and applying periodic axial load to the core sample by adopting the modified triaxial rock testing system, carrying out rock sand production test, and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir.
3. The gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity optimization method of claim 2, wherein the modified triaxial rock testing system comprises a modified core sample clamp and a modified hydraulic control system; the improved core sample clamp has the capability of bearing axial tensile stress after the core sample is installed; the improved hydraulic control system has the ability to apply periodic tensile and compressive stresses.
4. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir of claim 3, further comprising: the shape of the core sample is improved, the two ends of the core sample are respectively reserved with a preset length, and a groove with a preset width and a preset depth is processed.
5. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of performing a rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load to determine the limit supply capacity of the reservoir comprises the following steps:
carrying out rock sand production test on the core sample under the condition of alternating load, and determining the damage coefficient of the core sample;
establishing a reservoir sand production model under the condition of injection and production working conditions;
and determining the limit supply capacity of the reservoir according to the damage coefficient of the core sample and the reservoir sand production model under the injection and production working condition.
6. The method for optimizing the injection-production capacity of the injection-production well of the gas storage reservoir according to claim 5, wherein the reservoir sand production model under the injection-production working condition is as follows:
wherein:
critical sand discharge pressure difference; s is a constant; c 0 The breaking strength of the thick-walled cylinder is high; sigma is Is an effective principal stress combination expression; d is the damage amount, and is dimensionless; a. the 1 Is a constant.
7. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the limit throughput capacity of the pipe column comprises the following steps:
if for current tubular column:
carrying out a pipe column passing capacity test under different conditions, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column;
if for the design tubular column:
determining whether a circulating sliding sleeve is selected;
determining a form of a production packer;
carrying out an influence test of a corrosive medium on the injection-production pipe column under the condition of alternating load, and determining the material and the thickness of the pipe column;
carrying out a pipe column passing capacity test under different conditions, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column;
and establishing a fatigue model of the tubular column body and the screw thread under the condition of alternating load, and determining the steel grade and the sealing screw thread of the tubular column.
8. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of performing a string passing capacity test under different working conditions to determine the limit passing capacity of the string comprises the following steps:
determining the pipe wall thinning rate under the pipe column passing capability test under different working conditions;
and comparing the pipe wall thinning rate with a preset critical value, and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column according to the comparison result.
9. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage according to claim 8, wherein the step of comparing the pipe wall thinning rate with a preset critical value and determining the limit passing capacity of the pipe column according to the comparison result comprises the steps of:
if the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is within the preset difference value range, the experimental flow rate under the corresponding working condition is the maximum injection-production flow rate under the corresponding working condition;
if the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is not within the preset difference value range and the pipe wall thinning rate is lower than the preset critical value, the experimental flow speed under the corresponding working condition is lower than the maximum injection-production flow speed under the corresponding working condition, and the experimental flow speed is increased until the difference value between the pipe wall thinning rate and the preset critical value is within the preset difference value range;
and determining the limiting passing capacity of the tubular column according to the maximum injection-production flow rate and the size of the tubular column.
10. The method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the determining the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage reservoir based on the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the pipe column comprises:
and taking the minimum value of the limit supply capacity and the limit passing capacity of the tubular column of the reservoir as the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage.
11. The utility model provides a gas storage storehouse is annotated and is adopted well notes and adopt ability optimizing apparatus which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a reservoir limit supply capacity determining module, a rock sand production testing module and a rock sand production testing module, wherein the reservoir limit supply capacity determining module is used for performing rock sand production testing on a rock core sample under an alternating load condition and determining the reservoir limit supply capacity;
the pipe column limit passing capacity determining module is used for determining the pipe column limit passing capacity;
and the gas storage injection and production well injection and production capacity determination module is used for determining the injection and production capacity of the gas storage injection and production well based on the limit supply capacity and the tubular column limit passing capacity of the reservoir.
12. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of the injection and production well of the gas storage according to any one of claims 1 to 10 when executing the computer program.
13. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the steps of the method for optimizing the injection and production capacity of an injection and production well of a gas reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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