CN111963161B - Method and device for determining hidden abnormal oil well - Google Patents
Method and device for determining hidden abnormal oil well Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 370
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 254
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 106
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for determining an implicit abnormal oil well, and belongs to the technical field of oil extraction in an oil field. The method comprises the following steps: determining theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well through a relation formula among the dynamic liquid level variable quantity of the oil well, the liquid supply quantity of the oil layer, the leakage quantity of an oil pump and the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well based on known parameters such as oil layer flowing pressure, oil layer permeability, pumping depth, crude oil viscosity and the like; and comparing the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well with the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well, if the ratio of the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well to the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well is smaller than or equal to a target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation, so that the pump detection operation can be carried out on the hidden abnormal oil well in time, the 'disease-carrying' production time of the hidden abnormal oil well is shortened, the oil well yield is recovered as soon as possible, the purpose of improving the total yield between two pump detection constructions is achieved, more than 300 oil wells are applied on site, and the average single-well annual oil increment is 216 tons.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil extraction in oil fields, in particular to a method and a device for determining an implicit abnormal oil well.
Background
In general, oil and gas field exploitation enterprises perform pump inspection construction on an oil well under the condition that the oil well is completely free from liquid. Lifting equipment commonly used in oil well production comprises an oil pumping unit, a tubular pump, an oil pumping unit, a rod pump, a ground driven underground screw pump, an electric submersible screw pump and the like, but in the production process of the oil well, the oil well is often subjected to slight leakage of liquid supply capacity, the pump and/or an oil pipe, the yield is gradually reduced, so that the oil well has a period of disease production, and pump efficiency is reduced and yield loss is caused. We define a well with disease production as a recessive abnormal well. Meanwhile, the liquid production amount of the oil well is also influenced by factors such as working fluid level or sinking degree, oil layer flowing pressure, oil layer permeability, pumping depth, crude oil viscosity and the like. On site, the reasonable time for detecting the pump is difficult to judge when the oil well leakage reaches, and technicians judge that the pump detection is too early or too late according to experience, so that the total yield of the oil well is affected.
Song Zengbin "pump leakage well reasonable pump detection timing discussion" published in "Zhongwei energy" in 2017, 3 rd phase, one set forth: in the production process of the oil pumping well, the output is reduced due to the influence of pump leakage, pump detection operation is needed to recover the output, but the degree of the leakage is more reasonable and difficult to judge, and the benefit is reduced due to the fact that the pump detection time is too early or too late through subjective judgment; according to a mathematical statistics principle, combining the yield data of the concrete block pump after the leakage, and obtaining the linear relation between the leakage degree and the leakage days by regression to obtain the oil yield decreasing rule after the leakage; deducing a single well daily benefit model by combining an oilfield benefit calculating method, thereby obtaining an optimal pump detection time calculating formula by applying a higher mathematical algorithm and accurately calculating the optimal pump detection time; the formula is formed, crude oil price variables are introduced, and pump detection time under different international oil prices is rapidly judged through the drawing; the optimal pump detection time simulated by the computer is consistent with the formula calculation result, and the result is verified in theory; by applying the formula and the plate to the pump detection timing judgment of a certain well of the block, compared with the pump detection at the early stage of leakage, the daily benefit of a single well is increased by 630.3 yuan.
Gao Jiangang et al published in "oil machinery" on stage 8 of 2003, "research and popularization and application of pump opportunity for optimal zone production and inspection of sucker rod pump well" propose: the optimal pump detection time of the sucker rod pump well is researched by comparing the oil production of the pump which is stopped after the sucker rod pump well is lost with the oil production with the pump which is detected with the cost of each ton of oil; an optimal pump detection time function is established; the computer is used for drawing, so that the production inspection pump and the plate with the production inspection pump are obtained, and a sucker rod pump well with the normal daily output of 1-10 t is the application key point of the plate. 51 times with production inspection pump are implemented in 1-8 months 2002, 50 times are successful, the accumulated oil is increased by 10294t, the cost of each ton of crude oil is 26.68 yuan, and the natural gradual reduction rate is slowed down by 1.62%. The unit consumption of the liquid production is greatly reduced, and the average unit consumption of the liquid production is reduced from 16.9kw.h/t to 7.1kw.h/t.
These techniques use a plate with a pump for oil well pump timing, but they are only economical, and do not consider the influence of factors such as working fluid level or submergence, reservoir flow pressure, reservoir permeability, pumping depth, crude oil viscosity, etc. on the liquid production amount, and are not sufficient from economic standpoint at low oil prices.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining a recessive abnormal oil well, which can judge the optimal pump detection time of a lost oil well, achieve the aim of highest total yield in the long-life operation period (between two pump detection constructions) of the oil well, and are beneficial to slowing down the natural progressive rate of an oil reservoir. The technical scheme is as follows:
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a method of determining an implicit abnormal well, the method comprising:
the oil well working fluid level variation is represented by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m;
t represents oil well production time, and the unit is d;
Q 1 represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
D represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m;
d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m;
pi represents the circumference ratio;
represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
(II) the oil layer supply amount is represented by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer;
X i the ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of;
μ i indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas;
r ic the radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer is represented by m;
r iw representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m;
k i indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 ；
e represents a natural base;
alpha is a unit conversion coefficient;
ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa;
ΔP i～i+1 representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa;
h i expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m;
i represents an ith reservoir in the well;
n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well;
and (III) the oil pump leakage is represented by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m;
delta represents the clearance between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the unit is m;
μ 0 the viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s;
ΔP column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa;
epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m;
l represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
(IV) the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is represented by the following formula (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m;
F max the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN;
F min representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN;
n stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 ；
E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；
f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 ；
L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
Q 2 represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Fifthly, solving to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) 3 ；
Sixth, the actual daily liquid production of the oil well is obtained and is expressed as Q 4 ；
(seventh) comparing the theoretical daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If the actual day of the oil wellLiquid yield Q 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
In an alternative implementation, the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3;
the actual daily liquid production quantity Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of (2) is less than or equal to the target threshold, determining the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if Q is present 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
In another alternative implementation, the actual daily fluid production rate Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of (2) is less than or equal to the target threshold, determining the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
If the actual daily liquid production rate Q of oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the duration of the ratio (2) smaller than or equal to the target threshold reaches the duration threshold, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
In another alternative implementation manner, the solution is based on the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) to obtain the theoretical daily liquid production Q of the oil well 3 Comprising:
q in the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Δh as an unknown parameter;
obtaining the inner diameter of an oil pipe, the outer diameter of a sucker rod, the circumferential rate, the volume coefficient of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the viscosity of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the edge radius of oil drainage of each oil layer in the oil well, the radius of a well bore of each oil layer in the oil well, the effective permeability of each oil layer in the oil well, the natural base number, the unit conversion coefficient, the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well, the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers in the oil well, the effective thickness of each oil layer in the oil well, the plunger diameter of an oil pump, the gap of a plunger pump, the viscosity of mixed crude oil in a plurality of oil layers in the oil well, the pressure difference acting on the plunger of the oil pump, the concentric distance between the plunger and a pump barrel, the pumping depth, the effective stroke of the pumping unit, the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the stroke of the pumping unit, the elastic modulus of the sucker rod and the cross section area of the sucker rod during normal production of the oil well as known parameters;
Substituting the known parameters into the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) correspondingly, solving the unknown parameters based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) substituting the known parameters to obtain the theoretical daily liquid production Q of the oil well 3 。
In another alternative implementation, the pump leakage is the amount of clearance leakage between the pump plunger and the pump barrel.
In another alternative implementation, the circumference ratio pi takes a value of 3.1415926.
In another alternative implementation, the natural base e takes a value of 2.71828.
According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for determining an implicit abnormal well, the apparatus comprising:
the theoretical daily liquid production amount acquisition module of the oil well is used for expressing the dynamic liquid level change amount of the oil well by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m;
t represents oil well production time, and the unit is d;
Q 1 represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
D represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m;
d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m;
Pi represents the circumference ratio;
represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
The oil layer supply amount is represented by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer;
X i the ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of;
μ i indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas;
r ic the radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer is represented by m;
r iw representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m;
k i indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 ；
e represents a natural base;
alpha is a unit conversion coefficient;
ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa;
ΔP i～i+1 representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa;
h i expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m;
i represents an ith reservoir in the well;
n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well;
the oil pump leakage is represented by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m;
delta represents the clearance of the plunger pump, and the unit is m;
μ 0 The viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s;
ΔP column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa;
epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m;
l represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
the theoretical daily fluid production of an oil well is represented by the following equation (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m;
F max the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN;
F min representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN;
n stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 ；
E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；
f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 ；
L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
Q 2 represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), solving to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well 3 ；
An actual daily fluid production amount acquisition module of the oil well for acquiring the actual daily fluid production amount of the oil well, which is expressed as Q 4 ；
Recessive abnormal oil well determining module for comparing theoretical daily liquid yield Q of oil well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If the actual daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
In an alternative implementation, the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3;
the recessive abnormal oil well determining module is used for determining that if Q occurs 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
In another alternative implementation, the recessive abnormal well determination module is used for determining the actual daily liquid production Q of the well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the duration of the ratio (2) smaller than or equal to the target threshold reaches the duration threshold, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
In another alternative implementation, the theoretical daily liquid production acquisition module is configured to:
q in the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Δh as an unknown parameter;
obtaining the inner diameter of an oil pipe, the outer diameter of a sucker rod, the circumferential rate, the volume coefficient of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the viscosity of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the edge radius of oil drainage of each oil layer in the oil well, the radius of a well bore of each oil layer in the oil well, the effective permeability of each oil layer in the oil well, the natural base number, the unit conversion coefficient, the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well, the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers in the oil well, the effective thickness of each oil layer in the oil well, the plunger diameter of an oil pump, the gap of a plunger pump, the viscosity of mixed crude oil in a plurality of oil layers in the oil well, the pressure difference acting on the plunger of the oil pump, the concentric distance between the plunger and a pump barrel, the pumping depth, the effective stroke of the pumping unit, the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the stroke of the pumping unit, the elastic modulus of the sucker rod and the cross section area of the sucker rod during normal production of the oil well as known parameters;
Substituting the known parameters into the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) correspondingly, solving the unknown parameters based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) substituting the known parameters to obtain the theoretical daily liquid production Q of the oil well 3 。
In another alternative implementation, the pump leakage is the amount of clearance leakage between the pump plunger and the pump barrel.
In another alternative implementation, the circumference ratio pi takes a value of 3.1415926.
In another alternative implementation, the natural base e takes a value of 2.71828.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is determined through a relation formula among the dynamic liquid level variable quantity of the oil well, the liquid supply quantity of the oil layer, the leakage quantity of the oil well and the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well based on known parameters such as the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like. The influence of factors such as the working fluid level, the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like on the daily liquid yield of the oil well is fully considered, and the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which more accords with the actual production capacity of the oil well can be determined. The theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which is more in line with the actual production capacity of the oil well is compared with the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well, when the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well is smaller than the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well to a certain extent, the oil well is determined to be a hidden abnormal oil well, pump detection operation is needed, so that the pump detection operation can be timely carried out on the hidden abnormal oil well, the production time of a disease of the hidden abnormal oil well is shortened, the oil well yield is recovered as soon as possible, the aim of improving the total yield between two pump detection constructions is achieved, more than 300 oil wells are applied on site, and the average oil increase per well year is 216 tons.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining an occult abnormal well according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining an occult abnormal well according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining an occult abnormal well according to an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, taking the execution body as a computer device as an example, referring to fig. 1, the embodiment includes:
101. The computer equipment obtains the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well.
The computer device can determine the theoretical daily fluid production of the oil well based on the influence of factors such as the working fluid level, the reservoir running pressure, the reservoir permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like on the daily fluid production of the oil well. Optionally, the computer device determines the theoretical daily fluid production of the well based on the following equations (1), (2), (3) and (4).
The computer device represents the oil well working fluid level variation by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m; t represents the oil well production time in d, i.e. days; q (Q) 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d; d represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m; d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m; pi represents the circumference ratio;represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；/>Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；/>Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d。
It should be noted that the oil pump leakage Q 2 Is the leakage of the clearance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump. Alternatively, the time t is 1 day, and the theoretical daily fluid production of the oil well is determined based on the fluid supply of the oil layer within 1 day and the leakage of the oil pump within 1 day. In the embodiment of the present application, the t time is 1 day, and the t time may be any time unit, such as 10 hours, 2 days, 3 days or one week, and the specific value of the t time is not added in the present application And (3) limiting.
The oil layer supply amount is expressed by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer; x is X i The ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of; mu (mu) i Indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas; r is (r) ic The radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer is represented by m; r is (r) iw Representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m; k (k) i Indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the e represents a natural base; alpha is a unit conversion coefficient; ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa; ΔP i～i+1 Representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa; h is a i Expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m; i represents an ith reservoir in the well; n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well.
The volume coefficient of the crude oil in the ith oil layer is the ratio of the volume of the crude oil in the ith oil layer under the ground to the volume of the crude oil after the degassing at the ground surface. Crude oil in an area surrounding the well is flowed into the well by natural or artificial energy, this oil-containing area being referred to as the drainage area of the well. The distance from the edge of the oil drainage area to the center of the oil well is the radius of the oil drainage edge of the oil well. The oil well is a well formed by drilling oil from the ground to an oil layer by using a drilling machine when petroleum is extracted, the drilling hole drilled by the drilling machine is the well bore of the oil well, and the radius of the well bore is the distance from the center of the well bore to the edge of the well bore. The effective permeability, also known as the phase permeability, of the ith reservoir represents the amount of crude oil that can pass through the reservoir rock. The bottom hole pressure is the bottom hole pressure at the time of well production and represents the pressure remaining after oil flows from the formation to the bottom hole. The effective thickness of the reservoir refers to the portion of the reservoir that has commercial oil production capacity.
The above crude oil volume coefficient, xue Haitao et al published "prediction model of dissolved gas crude oil volume coefficient, density" on "geochemistry, volume 32, 6, 2003-one well-described concept known to those skilled in the art;
the oil drainage area of the oil well, liu Pengchao et al, published in "new method for obtaining oil well control reserves using pressure recovery curve" on the 3 rd phase of the lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir, volume 22 in 2010-a detailed description of the concept known to those skilled in the art;
the radius of the oil drainage edge of the oil layer is also called as the oil drainage radius, zhang Xiaoliang et al issue on "elastic recovery calculation method considering the starting pressure gradient and influence factor" in 2 nd phase of 22 nd volume of oil and gas geology and recovery "in 2015, which is a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the above-mentioned wellbore radius, wang Changxue et al, published in "analysis of the effect of well environment on array induction log response" on geophysical journal, volume 56, 4, 2013-a detailed description of concepts known to those skilled in the art;
the effective permeability, huang Shijun et al published on "quantitative characterization of multi-layer production interval interference and prediction of directional well in offshore general heavy oil reservoir in the 4 th period of volume 42 of oil exploration and development", which is a detailed description of the concept known to those skilled in the art;
The above-mentioned oil well bottom hole flow pressure, yang Gong et al, published in "oil well reasonable bottom hole flow pressure comprehensive determination method" on the 1 st phase of volume 40 in oil drilling technology ", in 2012, are well described in detail, and are concepts known to those skilled in the art;
the effective thickness of the oil layer, ouyang Jian et al, published in "evaluation and distribution study of logging low contrast oil layer saturation and application thereof" on the 1 st stage of 2009 of China Petroleum drilling ", which is herein described in detail, is a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the well bore of the well, li Hanzhou et al, published in drilling and production Process, 2009, volume 32, phase 3, the "relationship of the offset wear of the well tubing rod to the trajectory of the well bore" is described in detail herein and is a concept known to those skilled in the art.
And (III) the computer equipment represents the oil pump leakage amount by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m; delta represents the clearance between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the unit is m; mu (mu) 0 The viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s; ΔP Column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa; epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m; l represents the pump down depth in m.
The oil pump comprises a plunger and a pump barrel, wherein the plunger is arranged in the pump barrel, and a gap exists between the plunger and the pump barrel. Viscosity μ of mixed crude oil 0 The mixed crude oil viscosity of crude oil for a plurality of oil reservoirs in an oil well. The pressure differential acting on the pump plunger is indicative of the difference between the pressure experienced by the plunger moving to the uppermost extreme position and the pressure experienced by the plunger moving to the lowermost extreme position. The concentric distance between the plunger and the pump barrel refers to the distance between the center of the pump barrel and the center of the plunger based on the center of the plunger; alternatively, the concentric distance between the plunger and the pump cylinder means the distance between the center of the plunger and the center of the pump cylinder with reference to the center of the pump cylinder. The depth of the lower pump represents the distance between the bottom of the pump and the wellhead.
The gap between the plunger and the pump barrel is described in detail in a computer simulation model of the oil pump indicator diagram considering leakage, which is published in System simulation report, vol.32, 3, 2009 by Dong Shimin et al, and is a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the viscosity of the mixed crude oil, xie Ping and the like are published in detail in "wind city thick oil mixing thin fluidity change rule research" on the 6 th period of the 32 nd volume of the 2012 of natural gas and petroleum, and are concepts known to the person skilled in the art;
The pressure difference on the pump plunger is described in detail in Zhang Jiming et al, "development of pumping-aid centralizer for sucker rod" on volume 39, 7 of Petroleum mining machinery, 2010, a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the above pump down depth, yang Zhi et al, published in 29, volume 5, of the university of southwest, 2007, the "optimal design of pump down depth for pump well rationally" is well described herein and is a concept known to those skilled in the art.
(IV) the computer equipment represents the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well by the following formula (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m; f (F) max The maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN; f (F) min Representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN; n is n Stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m; q (Q) 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d。
The effective stroke of the pumping unit refers to the maximum displacement of the pumping unit horsehead on the polish rod during up-and-down reciprocating motion, namely the distance from the polish rod to the top dead center and the bottom dead center. The polished rod is used for connecting the pumping unit and the pumping rod and plays a role in transmitting power. The suspension point load is also called as polish rod load, and is the load born by the suspension point (polish rod) during the operation of the pumping unit. The pumping unit stroke frequency represents the number of up and down reciprocating motions of the pumping rod per minute. The modulus of elasticity of a sucker rod is a physical quantity used to represent the elasticity of the sucker rod and can be used as a measure of the ability of the sucker rod to resist elastic deformation.
The effective stroke of the pumping unit, the road, the et al published "parameters of the constant-strength multistage pumping rod and effective stroke calculation" on the 25 th and 4 th volumes of the oil machinery 1997 "are described in detail in the text and are concepts known to the person skilled in the art;
the above-mentioned pumping unit suspension point load, zhu Zhiguo et al published "method for judging optimal suspension point load utilization of pumping unit" on volume 8 and 11 of "Petroleum and petrochemical energy conservation" 2018, which is a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the above pumping unit stroke frequency, zheng Fei et al published "digital control technique of pumping unit" on volume 30, phase 6 of "natural gas and oil" 2012 in detail herein, is a concept known to those skilled in the art;
the modulus of elasticity of the sucker rod, song Yujie et al, published in Petroleum journal, volume 38, phase 4, and detailed description of the "longitudinal resonance ambiguity reliability analysis of a remarked sucker rod" herein, are concepts known to those skilled in the art.
The computer equipment obtains the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well by solving based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) 3 . Wherein Q in the above formula 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And ΔH is an unknown parameter, divided by Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And other parameters than Δh are known parameters. The computer equipment obtains the specific numerical value of the unknown parameter by solving based on the formula and the known parameter. Correspondingly, the computer equipment obtains the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well by solving based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) 3 The process of (1) comprises: the computer equipment will be Q in the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Δh as an unknown parameter; the computer equipment obtains the inner diameter of oil pipe, the outer diameter of sucker rod, the circumference ratio, the volume coefficient of crude oil in each oil layer in oil well, the viscosity of crude oil in each oil layer in oil well, the edge radius of oil drain in each oil layer in oil well, the well bore radius of each oil layer in oil well, the effective permeability of each oil layer in oil well and natural base numberThe oil well bottom-hole flow pressure, the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers in the oil well, the effective thickness of each oil layer in the oil well, the plunger diameter of the oil pump, the plunger pump clearance, the viscosity of mixed crude oil of a plurality of oil layers in the oil well, the pressure difference acting on the plunger of the oil pump, the concentric distance between the plunger of the oil pump and the pump barrel, the depth of the pump, the effective stroke of the pumping unit, the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the stroke of the pumping unit during normal production of the oil well, the elastic modulus of the pumping rod and the cross section area of the pumping rod are taken as known parameters; the computer equipment correspondingly substitutes the known parameters into the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), and solves the unknown parameters based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) substituted with the known parameters to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well 3 。
The known parameters can be obtained directly by inquiring related product manuals, field measurement, sensor measurement and the like, or can be obtained indirectly by calculating based on other related parameters which can be obtained directly.
Alternatively, the natural base e in the above known parameters has a value of 2.71828. The circumferential rate pi in the above known parameters takes a value of 3.1415926. The values of the natural base e and the circumference ratio pi can be adjusted according to the precision required by the calculation result, and the specific values of the natural base e and the circumference ratio pi are not limited.
Optionally, the computer device can obtain the known parameters transmitted by the sensor or input by a technician in advance, and store the obtained known parameters, so that when the computer device calculates the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well, the stored known parameters can be directly obtained for calculation, and the calculation efficiency is improved.
102. The computer equipment obtains the actual daily liquid production of the oil well.
The oilfield production metering device meters the actual production fluid of the oil well every day. The computer equipment can obtain the actual daily production fluid flow of the oil well from the oilfield production metering device.
103. The computer equipment compares the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well with the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well, and if the ratio of the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well to the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well is smaller than or equal to a target threshold value, the oil well is judged to be a recessive abnormal oil well, and pump inspection operation is needed.
In an alternative implementation, the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3, and the computer means compares the theoretical daily fluid production Q of the well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If Q 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
In the embodiment of the application, the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is determined by a relation formula among the dynamic liquid level change amount of the oil well, the liquid supply amount of the oil layer, the leakage amount of the oil well and the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well based on known parameters such as the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like. The influence of factors such as the working fluid level, the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like on the daily liquid yield of the oil well is fully considered, and the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which more accords with the actual production capacity of the oil well can be determined. The theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which is more in line with the actual production capacity of the oil well is compared with the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well, when the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well is smaller than the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well to a certain extent, the oil well is judged to be a hidden abnormal oil well, pump detection operation is needed, so that the hidden abnormal oil well can be timely subjected to the pump detection operation, the production time of a hidden abnormal oil well with diseases is shortened, the oil well yield is recovered as soon as possible, the aim of improving the total yield between two pump detection constructions is achieved, more than 300 oil wells are applied on site, and the average oil increase per well year is 216 tons.
In addition, the embodiment of the application compares the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well which better accords with the actual production capacity of the oil well with the actual daily liquid production of the oil well, judges the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well based on a comparison result, and can timely perform pump detection operation, and the pump detection time is not too early or too late, thereby realizing scientific production management and being beneficial to slowing down the natural progressive rate of the oil reservoir.
In another alternativeIn the implementation mode, the actual daily liquid production Q of the computer equipment in the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 And (3) judging the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well after the ratio of the oil well to the target threshold value is smaller than or equal to the target threshold value for a period of time, and carrying out pump checking operation. Correspondingly, if the actual daily liquid production Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the duration of the ratio (2) smaller than or equal to the target threshold reaches the duration threshold, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation. For example, the duration threshold is 3 days, if the oil well appears to be actual daily liquid production Q for 3 consecutive days 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation. That is, if the oil well appears Q for 3 consecutive days 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
According to the technical scheme, after the condition that the ratio of the actual daily liquid production of the oil well to the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is smaller than or equal to the target threshold value is continued for a certain time, the oil well is judged to be the recessive abnormal oil well, pump detection operation is needed, the condition that the pump detection time is misjudged or the pump detection time is too early can be reduced, the rationality of determining the pump detection time is improved, the oil well yield is further improved, and the natural reduction rate of an oil reservoir is slowed down.
It should be noted that the target threshold may also be adjusted according to the actual pump efficiency exhibited by the well history. The pump efficiency is the ratio of the actual liquid production amount of the oil well to the theoretical liquid production amount of the oil well. The well history shows a positive correlation of the actual pumping efficiency with the target threshold. For example, if the well history exhibits an actual pumping efficiency of 0.8, the target threshold may be set to 0.4; if the well history shows an actual pump efficiency of 0.6, the target threshold may be set to 0.2.
According to the technical scheme, the target threshold value used for determining the pump detection time is flexibly adjusted based on the actual pump efficiency shown by the history of the oil well, so that the determination process of the pump detection time is more in line with the actual production condition of the oil well, the rationality of the pump detection time determination is further improved, the oil well yield is improved, and the natural reduction rate of the oil reservoir is slowed down.
In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application is described by taking any value between 0.2 and 0.3 as an example, and the target threshold may be set to any value between 0 and 1 according to practical situations, and the specific value of the target threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Another point to be described is that the above embodiment is described taking the case where the computer device determines the timing of pump detection as an example. Alternatively, the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well can be obtained through manual solution, and the comparison of the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well and the actual daily liquid production of the oil well and the determination of the pump detection time can also be realized through manual operation, which is not limited by the embodiment of the application.
In addition, the unit of the parameter according to the present application is provided to ensure that the dimensions of the two sides of the formula are identical, and the unit of the parameter according to the present application may be other than the unit shown in the present application, and in the embodiment of the present application, the specific unit of the parameter is not limited. In the actual calculation process, the unit conversion can be performed by the related conversion coefficient, so that the dimensions of the two sides of the formula are consistent. For example, mm (millimeters) is converted to 0.001m (meters).
Any combination of the above optional solutions may be adopted to form an optional embodiment of the present application, which is not described herein.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining an occult abnormal well according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 2, the apparatus includes:
the theoretical daily fluid production amount acquisition module 201 is configured to represent the dynamic fluid level variation of the oil well by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m;
t represents oil well production time, and the unit is d;
Q 1 representation ofOil layer liquid supply amount, unit is m 3 /d；
Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
D represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m;
d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m;
pi represents the circumference ratio;
represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
The oil layer supply amount is represented by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer;
X i the ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of;
μ i Indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas;
r ic the radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer is represented by m;
r iw representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m;
k i indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 ；
e represents a natural base;
alpha is a unit conversion coefficient;
ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa;
ΔP i～i+1 representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa;
h i expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m;
i represents an ith reservoir in the well;
n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well;
the oil pump leakage is represented by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m;
delta represents the clearance of the plunger pump, and the unit is m;
μ 0 the viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s;
ΔP column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa;
epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m;
l represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
the theoretical daily fluid production of an oil well is represented by the following equation (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Indicating theoretical daily liquid production of oil well in unitsIs m 3 /d；
S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m;
F max The maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN;
F min representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN;
n stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 ；
E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；
f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 ；
L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
Q 2 represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), solving to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well 3 ；
An actual daily fluid production of the well acquisition module 202 for acquiring actual daily fluid production of the well, denoted as Q 4 ；
The recessive abnormal oil well determination module 203 compares the theoretical daily fluid production Q of the oil well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If the actual daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
In an alternative implementation, the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3;
a recessive abnormal well determination module 203 for, if Q occurs 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
In another alternative implementation, the implicit abnormal well determination module 203 is configured to determine the actual daily fluid production Q of the well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 For a duration of less than or equal to the target thresholdWhen the time length threshold is reached, the oil well is judged to be a recessive abnormal oil well, and pump detection operation is needed.
In another alternative implementation, the theoretical daily fluid production acquisition module 201 is configured to:
q in the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Δh as an unknown parameter;
obtaining the inner diameter of an oil pipe, the outer diameter of a sucker rod, the circumferential rate, the volume coefficient of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the viscosity of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the edge radius of oil drainage of each oil layer in the oil well, the radius of a well bore of each oil layer in the oil well, the effective permeability of each oil layer in the oil well, the natural base number, the unit conversion coefficient, the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well, the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers in the oil well, the effective thickness of each oil layer in the oil well, the plunger diameter of an oil pump, the gap of a plunger pump, the viscosity of mixed crude oil in a plurality of oil layers in the oil well, the pressure difference acting on the plunger of the oil pump, the concentric distance between the plunger and a pump barrel, the pumping depth, the effective stroke of the pumping unit, the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the stroke of the pumping unit, the elastic modulus of the sucker rod and the cross section area of the sucker rod during normal production of the oil well as known parameters;
Substituting the known parameters into the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) correspondingly, solving the unknown parameters based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) substituted with the known parameters to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well 3 。
In another alternative implementation, the pump leakage is the amount of clearance leakage between the pump plunger and the pump barrel.
In another alternative implementation, the circumference ratio pi takes a value of 3.1415926.
In another alternative implementation, the natural base e takes a value of 2.71828.
In the embodiment of the application, the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is determined by a relation formula among the dynamic liquid level change amount of the oil well, the liquid supply amount of the oil layer, the leakage amount of the oil well and the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well based on known parameters such as the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like. The influence of factors such as the working fluid level, the oil layer flowing pressure, the oil layer permeability, the pumping depth, the crude oil viscosity and the like on the daily liquid yield of the oil well is fully considered, and the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which more accords with the actual production capacity of the oil well can be determined. The theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well which is more in line with the actual production capacity of the oil well is compared with the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well, when the actual daily liquid yield of the oil well is smaller than the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well to a certain extent, the oil well is determined to be a hidden abnormal oil well, pump detection operation is needed, so that the pump detection operation can be timely carried out on the hidden abnormal oil well, the production time of a disease of the hidden abnormal oil well is shortened, the oil well yield is recovered as soon as possible, the aim of improving the total yield between two pump detection constructions is achieved, more than 300 oil wells are applied on site, and the average oil increase per well year is 216 tons.
It should be noted that: the device for determining the implicit abnormal oil well provided in the above embodiment only illustrates the division of the above functional modules when determining the implicit abnormal oil well, and in practical application, the above functional allocation may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the computer device is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for determining the implicit abnormal oil well provided in the above embodiment belongs to the same concept as the method embodiment for determining the implicit abnormal oil well, and the detailed implementation process of the device is referred to the method embodiment, which is not repeated here.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application, and optionally, the computer device is a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a server. The computer device 300 may be configured or configured to vary significantly, and may include one or more processors (Central Processing Units, CPU) 301 and one or more memories 302, where the memories 302 store at least one program code that is loaded and executed by the processors 301 to implement the methods for determining an implicit unhealthy well provided by the various method embodiments described above. Of course, the computer device may also have a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, an input/output interface, etc. to perform input/output, and the server may also include other components for implementing the functions of the device, which are not described herein.
In an exemplary embodiment, there is also provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one program code executable by a processor in a computer device to perform the method of determining an implicit abnormal well of the above embodiments. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory ), a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the application, but rather, the application is to be construed as limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining a recessive anomaly in a well, the method comprising:
the oil well working fluid level variation is represented by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m;
t represents oil well production time, and the unit is d;
Q 1 representation ofOil layer liquid supply amount, unit is m 3 /d；
Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
D represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m;
d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m;
pi represents the circumference ratio;
represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
(II) the oil layer supply amount is represented by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer;
X i the ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of;
μ i indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas;
r ic represents the radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer, singleThe bit is m;
r iw representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m;
k i indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 ；
e represents a natural base;
alpha is a unit conversion coefficient;
ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa;
ΔP i～i+1 representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa;
h i expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m;
i represents an ith reservoir in the well;
n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well;
and (III) the oil pump leakage is represented by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m;
delta represents the clearance between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the unit is m;
μ 0 the viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s;
ΔP column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa;
epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m;
l represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
(IV) the theoretical daily liquid production of the oil well is represented by the following formula (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m;
F max the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN;
F min representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN;
n stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 ；
E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；
f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 ；
L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
Q 2 represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Fifthly, solving to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) 3 ；
Sixth, the actual daily liquid production of the oil well is obtained and is expressed as Q 4 ；
(seventh) comparing the theoretical daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If the actual daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3;
the actual daily liquid production quantity Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of (2) is less than or equal to the target threshold, determining the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if Q is present 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the actual daily fluid production Q of the well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of (2) is less than or equal to the target threshold, determining the oil well as a recessive abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if the actual daily liquid production rate Q of oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the duration of the ratio (2) smaller than or equal to the target threshold reaches the duration threshold, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the theoretical daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well is obtained by solving based on the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 3 Comprising:
q in the above formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4) 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 And Δh as an unknown parameter;
obtaining the inner diameter of an oil pipe, the outer diameter of a sucker rod, the circumferential rate, the volume coefficient of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the viscosity of crude oil in each oil layer in the oil well, the edge radius of oil drainage of each oil layer in the oil well, the radius of a well bore of each oil layer in the oil well, the effective permeability of each oil layer in the oil well, the natural base number, the unit conversion coefficient, the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well, the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers in the oil well, the effective thickness of each oil layer in the oil well, the plunger diameter of an oil pump, the gap of a plunger pump, the viscosity of mixed crude oil in a plurality of oil layers in the oil well, the pressure difference acting on the plunger of the oil pump, the concentric distance between the plunger and a pump barrel, the pumping depth, the effective stroke of the pumping unit, the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit, the stroke of the pumping unit, the elastic modulus of the sucker rod and the cross section area of the sucker rod during normal production of the oil well as known parameters;
Substituting the known parameters into the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) correspondingly, solving the unknown parameters based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4) substituting the known parameters to obtain the theoretical daily liquid production Q of the oil well 3 。
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pump leakage is a gap leakage between a pump plunger and a pump barrel.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the circumference ratio pi takes a value of 3.1415926.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the natural base e takes a value of 2.71828.
8. An apparatus for determining a recessive anomaly in an oil well, the apparatus comprising:
the theoretical daily liquid production amount acquisition module of the oil well is used for expressing the dynamic liquid level change amount of the oil well by the following formula (1):
formula (1):
delta H is the change amount of the working fluid level of the oil well, and the unit is m;
t represents oil well production time, and the unit is d;
Q 1 represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Q 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
D represents the inner diameter of the oil pipe, and the unit is m;
d represents the outer diameter of the sucker rod, and the unit is m;
Pi represents the circumference ratio;
represents the oil layer liquid supply amount in the oil well t time, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the leakage quantity of the oil pump in the time t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Represents the theoretical liquid production rate in the time of the oil well t, and the unit is m 3 /d；
The oil layer supply amount is represented by the following formula (2):
formula (2):
wherein Q is 1 Represents the oil layer liquid supply amount, and the unit is m 3 /d；
B i Representing the volume coefficient of crude oil in an ith oil layer;
X i the ratio of crude oil in the ith oil layer is expressed in units of;
μ i indicating the viscosity of crude oil in an ith oil layer in mPas;
r ic the radius of the oil drainage edge of the ith oil layer is represented by m;
r iw representing the radius of the ith reservoir well bore in m;
k i indicating the effective permeability of the ith reservoir in 10 units -3 μm 2 ；
e represents a natural base;
alpha is a unit conversion coefficient;
ΔP represents the bottom hole flow pressure of the oil well in MPa;
ΔP i～i+1 representing the pressure difference between two adjacent oil layers, wherein the unit is MPa;
h i expressed as the effective thickness of the ith oil layer in m;
i represents an ith reservoir in the well;
n represents the total number of reservoirs in the well;
the oil pump leakage is represented by the following formula (3):
equation (3):
wherein Q is 2 Represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
d Column The diameter of a plunger of the oil pump is represented by m;
delta represents the clearance of the plunger pump, and the unit is m;
μ 0 The viscosity of mixed crude oil of i oil layers in an oil well is expressed in mPa.s;
ΔP column Representing the pressure differential acting on the pump plunger in MPa;
epsilon represents the concentric distance between the plunger and the cylinder of the oil pump, and the unit is m;
l represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
the theoretical daily fluid production of an oil well is represented by the following equation (4):
equation (4):
wherein Q is 3 Represents the theoretical daily liquid yield of the oil well, and the unit is m 3 /d；
S Stroke of stroke The effective stroke of the pumping unit is expressed in m;
F max the maximum suspension point load of the pumping unit is expressed as KN;
F min representing the minimum suspension point load of the pumping unit, wherein the unit is KN;
n stroke frequency The unit is min for indicating the stroke frequency of the pumping unit during normal production of an oil well -1 ；
E represents the elastic modulus of the sucker rod, and the unit is 2.1X10% 11 Pa；
f Rod Represents the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod, and the unit is m 2 ；
L represents the depth of the lower pump, and the unit is m;
Q 2 represents the leakage of the oil pump, and the unit is m 3 /d；
Based on the formula (1), the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), solving to obtain the theoretical daily liquid yield Q of the oil well 3 ；
An actual daily fluid production amount acquisition module of the oil well for acquiring the actual daily fluid production amount of the oil well, which is expressed as Q 4 ；
Recessive abnormal oil well determining module for comparing theoretical daily liquid yield Q of oil well 3 And actual daily fluid production Q of oil well 4 If the actual daily liquid production rate Q of the oil well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the ratio of the oil well is less than or equal to the target threshold value, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the target threshold is any value between 0.2 and 0.3;
the recessive abnormal oil well determining module is used for determining that if Q occurs 4 ≤(0.2～0.3)Q 3 And judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and performing pump checking operation.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said implicit irregularities oil well determination module is adapted to determine the actual daily fluid production Q of the well 4 Theoretical daily liquid production Q of oil well 3 If the duration of the ratio (2) smaller than or equal to the target threshold reaches the duration threshold, judging the oil well as a hidden abnormal oil well, and carrying out pump detection operation.
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| CN103823424A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-05-28 | 大连仲德能源与环保科技有限公司 | Method for adjusting stroke times of beam pumper in automation oil extraction system |
| CN104389580A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-03-04 | 哈尔滨斯特凯峰电子有限公司 | Daily fluid output measuring method of rod-pumped well based on loading force |
| WO2015143626A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Two-flow well test analysis method and system on basis of indicator diagram |
| CN110821478A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting leakage of oil well pump |
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| CN103823424A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-05-28 | 大连仲德能源与环保科技有限公司 | Method for adjusting stroke times of beam pumper in automation oil extraction system |
| WO2015143626A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Two-flow well test analysis method and system on basis of indicator diagram |
| CN104389580A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-03-04 | 哈尔滨斯特凯峰电子有限公司 | Daily fluid output measuring method of rod-pumped well based on loading force |
| CN110821478A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting leakage of oil well pump |
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