CN115128352A - Molten slurry resistance measuring device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Molten slurry resistance measuring device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115128352A CN115128352A CN202210638005.1A CN202210638005A CN115128352A CN 115128352 A CN115128352 A CN 115128352A CN 202210638005 A CN202210638005 A CN 202210638005A CN 115128352 A CN115128352 A CN 115128352A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molten slurry resistance measuring device and a using method thereof. The storage box body is sequentially provided with a material pool and a furnace body from inside to outside, the material pool forms a cavity with a through upper end, a plurality of electrode plates are inlaid on the inner wall of the furnace body and are attached to the material pool, a heating rod is arranged in the cavity, the processing unit comprises a measuring module and a temperature control module, the temperature control module comprises a heating power supply, the measuring module comprises an excitation power supply, the measuring module is used for measuring the resistivity value, the heating power of a control circuit of the temperature control module enables the temperature of the storage box body to be kept at a set value, a wire connected with the electrode plates is connected into the measuring module through a cooling unit, and a wire connected with the heating rod is connected into the temperature control module through the cooling unit. The electrode plate is arranged on the outer wall of the material pool, and does not need to contact high-temperature materials, so that the repeatability of the measuring result is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of molten slurry resistance measurement, in particular to a molten slurry resistance measurement device and a use method thereof.
Background
In the industries of glass manufacturing, solid waste disposal and the like, when a heat source for heating materials in a melting furnace utilizes an electrode to conduct the materials to generate joule heat, the relationship between the resistance value of the materials and the temperature is an important basis for influencing the design of a furnace body structure, the design and the selection of the electrode and the temperature control of the furnace body, and is also one of important parameters for ensuring the stable operation of the melting furnace. In the prior art, a resistance measurement method is generally adopted as a conductivity measurement means, a material to be measured is firstly melted, and then an electrode rod or an electrode plate is put into the melted material, so that the electrode rod or the electrode plate is easy to deform when being put into the material, and the electrode rod or the electrode plate is easy to corrode the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least one of the problems of the prior art, and to provide a molten slurry resistance measuring device.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a using method of the molten slurry resistance measuring device.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a molten slurry resistance measuring apparatus including: processing unit and storage box. The storage box body has set gradually material pond and furnace body by interior to exterior, the material pond forms the cavity that the upper end link up, furnace body inner wall inlays and has a plurality of plate electrodes, the plate electrode laminating the material pond, be provided with the heating rod in the cavity, processing unit includes measuring module and temperature control module, temperature control module contains heating power, measuring module contains the excitation power, measuring module is used for measuring the resistivity value, temperature control module control circuit's heating power makes the temperature of storage box body keeps at the setting value, the plate electrode is being connected measuring module, the heating rod is being connected temperature control module.
Has the advantages that: this molten slurry resistance measuring device includes: processing unit and storage box. The storage box body is provided with a material pool and a furnace body in sequence from inside to outside, the material pool forms a cavity with a through upper end, a plurality of electrode plates are inlaid on the inner wall of the furnace body, the electrode plates are attached to the material pool, a heating rod is arranged in the cavity, the processing unit comprises a measuring module and a temperature control module, the temperature control module comprises a heating power supply, the measuring module comprises an excitation power supply, the measuring module is used for measuring the resistivity value, the heating power of a control circuit of the temperature control module enables the temperature of the storage box body to be kept at a set value, the electrode plates are connected with the measuring module, and the heating rod is connected with the temperature control module. The electrode plate is arranged on the outer wall of the material pool, does not need to contact high-temperature materials, has small loss to the electrode plate, ensures the repeatability of the measuring result and greatly prolongs the service life of the instrument. In addition, the temperature control module and the measurement module are integrally arranged, electrodes do not need to be plugged in and out in the operation process, and measurement errors caused by misoperation are avoided.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device in one embodiment of the invention, the measuring module further comprises a first voltmeter, a first ammeter, a first transmitter and an arithmetic unit, the excitation power supply generates alternating voltage, the first transmitter converts analog signals of the voltage and the current into digital signals of temperature values, and the arithmetic unit reads excitation frequency, voltage and current values, calculates the conductivity of the material to be measured and outputs a resistivity value corresponding to a set temperature.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the voltage range of the excitation power supply is 0-20V, the current range of the measuring module circuit is 0-500 mA, and the frequency range of alternating current generated by the excitation power supply is 10-5000 MHz.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device in one embodiment of the invention, the temperature control module further comprises a second voltmeter, a second ammeter, a second transmitter and a power controller, wherein the second transmitter converts analog signals of voltage and current into digital temperature signals and feeds the digital temperature signals back to the power controller, and the power controller compares the digital temperature signals with a set temperature value to adjust heating power.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the temperature control module is connected with the temperature sensor, and a probe at one end of the temperature sensor is in contact with the outer wall of the material pool.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heating power supply adopts alternating current or direct current, the voltage range of the heating power supply is 0-380V, and the current range is 0-20A.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the material pool is detachably arranged on the furnace body, the material pool is made of a chemical porcelain material, the furnace body is made of a high-temperature corrosion resistant material, and the outer side of the furnace body is provided with the heat insulation layer.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, one end of the cavity, which is communicated with the cavity, is provided with the heat-insulating cover in a matching manner, and the heat-insulating cover is provided with the observation hole, and the observation hole is used for observing the melting condition and the liquid level height of the material in the material storage box.
According to the molten slurry resistance measuring device of an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the material pool can be projected onto the electrode plate completely along a direction perpendicular to the electrode plate.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for using a molten slurry resistance measuring device, which includes:
s2: placing a standard sample with known resistivity and temperature variation curve boiling point higher than 1700 ℃ into the material pool, inserting the material pool between the electrode plates, covering the furnace cover, and testing the impedance of the circuitWherein the resistance of the sample in the feed tank is R 1 =ρ Sign board L/HW; the capacitance value between the single-side electrode plate and the material in the material pool is C ═ epsilon HW/d 1 R2 is a lead resistor including an electrode plate, L is the length of the material pool, H is the depth of the material in the material pool, and W is the width of the material pool; dielectric constant of epsilon shell material, d 1 The distance between the inner side of the electrode plate and the inner side of the material pool, namely the wall thickness of the material pool; rho Sign board The resistivity of the conductor is known. Therefore, it is not only easy to useThe variation curve R of R2 along with the temperature can be measured 2 =f(T);
S4: starting the heating power supply, gradually raising the temperature, and recording the real-time temperature T;
s6: starting the excitation power supply, and reading voltage U and current I;
s8: after the measurement is finished, the power supply is turned off, the material pool is taken out through the observation hole or after the furnace is cooled, and the depth of the material in the material pool is measured;
s10: measuring and calculating the change curve R of R2 along with the temperature 2 =f(T);
S12: placing a material to be detected into the material pool, and then inserting the material pool between the two electrode plates;
s14: the same operation steps are adopted to read the voltage U, the current I and the material depth H, and the conductivity can be obtainedThe conductivity can also be obtained from the phase difference alpha between the input U and output I waveforms
Has the advantages that: the electrode plate is arranged on the outer wall of the material pool, does not need to contact high-temperature materials, has small loss to the electrode plate, ensures the repeatability of the measuring result and greatly prolongs the service life of the instrument. In addition, the temperature control module and the measurement module are integrally arranged, electrodes do not need to be plugged in and out in the operation process, and measurement errors caused by misoperation are avoided. The application method of the molten slurry resistance measuring device provided by the invention is simple in steps and convenient to operate.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the measuring apparatus for measuring the resistance of molten metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the device for measuring the resistance of the molten metal slurry according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of a molten slurry resistance measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic view of the device for measuring the resistance of the molten metal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to, for example, upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, top, bottom, inner, outer, etc., is indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
For industries such as glass manufacturing and solid waste disposal, when a heat source for heating materials in a melting furnace utilizes an electrode to conduct the materials to generate joule heat, the relationship between the resistance value of the materials and the temperature is an important basis for influencing the design of a furnace body structure, the design and the selection of the electrode and the temperature control of the furnace body, and is also one of important process parameters for ensuring the stable operation of the melting furnace. In order to smoothly design and operate the melting furnace, a testing device for the conductivity of the high-temperature molten liquid is developed, and a reliable measuring method is necessary to be established.
The existing high-temperature molten liquid conductivity measurement generally adopts a resistance measurement method, firstly, a material to be measured is melted, then an electrode bar or an electrode plate is put into the melted liquid, and the voltage and the current at two ends of the electrode are measured, so that the resistance value of a slurry tank is obtained. However, this method is complicated to operate, and the electrode is likely to be deformed when put into the melt and is also likely to be corroded by the liquid to be measured. The invention provides the following devices and methods of use:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a molten slurry resistance measuring apparatus includes: a process unit 100 and a magazine 200.
Specifically, the processing unit 100 includes a measurement module and a temperature control module.
It is easy to understand that the measuring module obtains the resistivity value through measurement and operation. The measuring module comprises an excitation power supply, a first voltmeter, a first ammeter, a first transmitter and an arithmetic unit. The excitation power supply generates alternating voltage, the first transmitter converts analog signals of the voltage and the current into digital signals of temperature values, and the arithmetic unit calculates the conductivity of the material to be measured after reading measured values of the excitation frequency, the voltage, the current and the like and outputs a resistivity value corresponding to the set temperature.
Easily understood, the voltage range of the excitation power supply is 0-20V, the current range of the measuring module circuit is 0-500 mA, and the frequency range of the alternating current generated by the excitation power supply is 10-5000 MHz.
The principle of the transmitter is as follows: the transducer works based on the principle of negative feedback and mainly comprises a measuring part, an amplifier and a feedback part. The measuring part is used for detecting a measured variable x and converting the measured variable x into an input signal Zi which can be received by the amplifier, such as a voltage signal, a current signal, a displacement signal, an acting force signal or a moment signal, and the feedback part is used for converting an output signal y of the transmitter into a feedback signal Zf and returning the feedback signal Zf to the input end.
In a specific embodiment, the material storage box 200 is sequentially provided with a material pool 210, a furnace body 220 and an insulating layer 250 from inside to outside, the material pool 210, the furnace body 220 and the insulating layer 250 are all provided with a bottom surface, a front side surface, a rear side surface, a left side surface and a right side surface, and the material pool 210 forms a rectangular cavity with a through upper end. Two electrode plates 230 are embedded in the furnace body 220, the electrode plates 230 are attached to the material tank 210, the electrode plates 230 are connected with conducting wires, and the first thermocouple 410 measures the temperature of the electrode plates 230 to prevent the electrode plates 230 from being burnt. The insulation layer 250 is slotted to pass through a wire, which is connected to the measurement module. Be provided with heating rod 240 in the cavity, material pond 210, furnace body 220 and heat preservation 250 have all been seted up the passageway and have been passed through heating rod 240, and heating rod 240 both ends set up the wiring board, and heating rod 240 end passes through the wiring board and links to each other with the wire, and the wire inserts temperature control module.
Specifically, the material tank 210 is detachably disposed on the furnace body 220, the material of the material tank 210 is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material, such as high-temperature resistant ceramic, and the material tank 210 can be replaced after each use.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the material tank 210 is less than or equal to 1mm, the width of the left and right sides of the material tank 210 is less than or equal to the width of the attached electrode plate, and the length of the left and right sides of the material tank 210 is less than or equal to the length of the attached electrode plate, so as to avoid that the resistance value is smaller than the capacitance reactance, the change of the resistance is not easy to detect, and the measurement accuracy is affected.
In one embodiment, the temperature control module is connected to a temperature sensor, and a probe at one end of the temperature sensor contacts the outer wall of the material tank 210.
Further, the temperature control module comprises a heating power supply, a second voltmeter, a second ammeter, a second transmitter and a power controller, wherein the second transmitter converts analog signals of voltage and current into temperature digital signals and feeds the temperature digital signals back to the power controller, and the power controller compares the temperature digital signals with a set temperature value to adjust the heating power so that the temperature of the material storage box body 200 is kept at a set value.
Easily understood, the heating power source adopts alternating current or direct current, the voltage range of the heating power source is 0-380V, and the current range is 0-20A.
It is easily understood that the apparatus for measuring the resistance of the molten slurry further includes a cooling unit 300, and the wire connected to the electrode plate and the wire connected to the heating rod pass through the cooling unit 300 and enter the processing unit 100.
Specifically, a cooling fan and a temperature controller are disposed in the cooling unit 300. The temperature controller adjusts the rotating speed of the fan by detecting the temperature of the wire outlet, so that the temperature of the wire outlet is controlled below 50 ℃. The air cooler can also adopt a well-sealed cooling device of indirect water cooling, oil cooling or other media.
In a specific embodiment, a heat-insulating cover is arranged at one end of the cavity in a penetrating mode, and a layer of lining of the heat-insulating cover is made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
Further, an observation hole 261 is formed in the heat preservation cover, the observation hole 261 is used for observing the melting condition and the liquid level height of the materials in the material storage box body 200, and a hole cover made of a heat preservation material is arranged on the observation hole.
Specifically, the observation hole 261 is provided with gas purging ports 262, the gas purging ports 262 alternately supply gas and discharge gas, and the gas purging ports 262 can be exchanged for adjusting the furnace atmosphere, such as introducing nitrogen or carbon dioxide, because the melting process is different under the ash oxidation or reduction atmosphere.
In a specific embodiment, the electrode plate 230 is made of platinum, or nitrogen is purged in the wire groove, and when performing the anti-oxidation measure, the electrode plate 230 is made of tungsten, molybdenum, or the like.
Further, the distance between the electrode plates is larger than or equal to the length and the width of the electrode plates, and the larger the distance is, the resistance value is in the order of magnitude of capacitive reactance.
In one embodiment, the furnace body 220 is made of 1700 ℃ high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material, such as high temperature resistant ceramic material. The lead wire of the connecting electrode plate 230 can be made of platinum, and when the lead wire groove is purged by filling nitrogen and anti-oxidation measures are taken, the lead wire can be made of tungsten, molybdenum and the like, and the diameter of the lead wire is less than or equal to 10 mm.
In a specific embodiment, the heating rod 240 is made of a thermal conductive material with a temperature of 1700 ℃, and the heating rod 240 is selected from a silicon-carbon rod, a silicon-molybdenum rod, and the like. The heating rods 240 may be laid in a single set, or may be laid in multiple sets in series. The heating rod 240 may be applied to the bottom corrosion-resistant material layer, or may be applied to both the bottom and the side corrosion-resistant material layers.
In a specific embodiment, the heat-insulating material is made of high-temperature-resistant, flame-retardant and low-thermal-conductivity materials, so that the heat dissipation capacity is reduced.
In one embodiment, the exterior of the insulation is provided with a shell 270, the junction of which is provided with a seal 280.
In one specific embodiment, a method for using a molten slurry resistance measuring device is provided:
s2: putting the material with known resistivity and temperature variation curve and boiling point higher than 1700 ℃ into the material pool, inserting the material pool between the electrode plates, covering the furnace cover, and obtaining circuit impedanceWherein the resistance of the material pool is R 1 =ρ Sign board L/HW, and the capacitance between electrode plate and material pool is equal to epsilon HW/d 1 R2 is lead resistance including electrode plate, L is length of material pool, H is depth of material pool, W is width of material pool, dielectric constant of epsilon shell material, d 1 Is the distance between the inner side of the electrode plate and the outer side of the material tank, rho Sign board The resistivity of the conductor is known, soNamely, the variation curve R of R2 along with the temperature can be measured 2 =f(T);
S4: starting the heating power supply, gradually raising the temperature, and recording the real-time temperature T by a second thermocouple 420;
s6: starting the excitation power supply, and reading voltage U and current I;
s8: after the measurement is finished, the power supply is turned off, the material pool is taken out through the observation hole or after the furnace is cooled, and the depth of the material in the material pool is measured;
s10: measuring and calculating the change curve R of R2 along with the temperature 2 =f(T);
S12: placing a material to be detected into the material pool, and then inserting the material pool between the two electrode plates;
s14: the same operation steps are used for reading the voltage U, the current I and the material depth H, and the conductivity can be obtainedThe conductivity can also be obtained from the phase difference alpha between the input U and output I waveforms
It is easy to understand that in order to avoid the influence of dielectric loss on the measured value, the excitation frequency should be kept consistent between the calibration test before the first measurement and the actual measurement of the material.
Specifically, the dielectric loss refers to an included angle between a current phasor and a voltage phasor flowing in a dielectric medium under the action of an alternating electric field, and a complementary angle delta of a power factor angle phi is called a dielectric loss angle. The dielectric medium has heating phenomenon inside under the action of external electric field, which means that part of electric energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the energy consumed by the dielectric medium in unit time due to heating under the action of the electric field is called dielectric medium loss power or dielectric medium loss for short. The calibration test mainly refers to the fact that whether the accuracy of a used instrument meets the standard or not is detected by using a standard metering instrument, and the calibration test is generally used for instruments with higher precision.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A molten slurry resistance measuring apparatus, comprising:
the storage box body is sequentially provided with a material pool and a furnace body from inside to outside, the material pool forms a cavity with a through upper end, a plurality of electrode plates are embedded in the inner wall of the furnace body, the electrode plates are attached to the material pool, and a heating rod is arranged in the cavity;
the processing unit comprises a measuring module and a temperature control module, the temperature control module comprises a heating power supply, the measuring module comprises an excitation power supply, the measuring module is used for measuring a resistivity value, the heating power of a temperature control module control circuit enables the temperature of the storage box body to be kept at a set value, the electrode plate is connected with the measuring module, and the heating rod is connected with the temperature control module.
2. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring module further comprises a first voltmeter, a first ammeter, a first transmitter and an arithmetic unit, wherein the excitation power supply generates alternating voltage, the first transmitter converts analog signals of voltage and current into temperature value digital signals, and the arithmetic unit calculates the conductivity of the material to be measured after reading excitation frequency, voltage and current values and outputs a resistivity value corresponding to a set temperature.
3. The melt slurry resistance measuring apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the voltage range of the excitation power supply is 0-20V, the current range of the measuring module circuit is 0-500 mA, and the frequency range of alternating current generated by the excitation power supply is 10-5000 MHz.
4. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature control module also comprises a second voltmeter, a second ammeter, a second transmitter and a power controller, wherein the second transmitter converts analog signals of voltage and current into temperature digital signals and feeds the temperature digital signals back to the power controller, and the power controller compares the temperature digital signals with set temperature values to adjust heating power.
5. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the temperature control module is connected with a temperature sensor, and a probe at one end of the temperature sensor is in contact with the outer wall of the material pool.
6. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heating power supply adopts alternating current or direct current, the voltage range of the heating power supply is 0-380V, and the current range is 0-20A.
7. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material pool is made of chemical porcelain materials, the furnace body is made of high-temperature corrosion resistant materials, and a heat insulation layer and a shell are arranged on the outer side of the furnace body.
8. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat preservation cover is arranged at one end of the through cavity in a matched mode, an observation hole is formed in the heat preservation cover and used for observing the melting condition and the liquid level height of materials in the storage box body.
9. The melt slurry resistance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material tank can be completely projected on the electrode plate along the direction vertical to the electrode plate.
10. The use method of the molten slurry resistance measuring device is characterized in that: using the molten slurry resistance measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9:
s2: putting the material with known resistivity and temperature variation curve and boiling point higher than 1700 ℃ into the material pool, inserting the material pool between the electrode plates, covering the furnace cover, and obtaining circuit impedanceWherein the resistance of the material in the feed tank is R 1 =ρ Sign board L/HW, the capacitance between electrode plate and material is C ═ epsilon HW/d 1 ,R 2 The system resistance comprises a lead resistor including an electrode plate, L is the length of the material pool, H is the depth of the material in the material pool, W is the width of the material pool, the dielectric constant of the epsilon shell material, d 1 The distance between the inner side of the electrode plate and the material (i.e. the wall thickness of the material pool), rho Sign board The resistivity of the conductor is known, soCan measure and calculate R 2 Temperature dependent curve R 2 =f(T);
S4: starting the heating power supply, gradually raising the temperature, and recording the real-time temperature T, wherein the T range is 0-1600 ℃;
s6: starting the excitation power supply, reading the voltage U and the current I, and enabling the voltage U and the current I to correspond to T;
s8: after the measurement is finished, the power supply is turned off, the material pool is taken out through the observation hole or after the furnace is cooled, and the depth of the material in the material pool is measured;
s10: measuring out R 2 Temperature dependent curve R 2 =f(T);
S12: placing a material to be detected into the material pool, and then inserting the material pool between the two electrode plates;
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