CN115128124A - Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same - Google Patents
Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115128124A CN115128124A CN202211050437.7A CN202211050437A CN115128124A CN 115128124 A CN115128124 A CN 115128124A CN 202211050437 A CN202211050437 A CN 202211050437A CN 115128124 A CN115128124 A CN 115128124A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouple
- casting
- heat flow
- flow sensor
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses casting equipment and a method for measuring an interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting the same. The casting equipment comprises a casting mold module and a data module, wherein the casting mold module comprises a casting body, a high-temperature heat flow sensor, a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple and a third thermocouple, and the data module comprises a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder. Compared with the traditional method, the method obtains the interface heat flow density by directly measuring through the high-temperature heat flow sensor, the interface heat flow density is quickly obtained by dividing the interface heat flow density by the temperature difference of two sides of the interface (the contact surface between the alloy melt and the casting mold body is called as the interface), and the provided method for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficient is simple, reliable in result and convenient to operate, and can be widely applied to the measurement of the heat exchange coefficients of various alloy solidification interfaces. And the casting method can be sand casting with slow cooling speed, metal casting with fast cooling speed, or pressure antigravity casting such as high-pressure casting, extrusion casting, low-pressure casting, counter-pressure casting, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of methods for measuring interface heat exchange coefficients in a casting process, in particular to casting equipment and a method for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficients by adopting the casting equipment.
Background
In the casting process, the interface heat transfer coefficient plays a role in measuring the heat transfer between the casting and the casting mold, influences the solidification speed of the casting and finally determines the quality and performance of the casting, is an indispensable boundary condition in casting numerical simulation, and is a key factor for directly determining the accuracy of CAE software simulation results.
At present, methods for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficient mainly comprise commercial casting software inverse algorithm (inverse calculation module), a concentrated heat capacity method, a Beck nonlinear estimation method and the like. The commercial casting software back-calculation module is mainly used for back-calculating the interface heat exchange coefficient through the temperature curve of the casting mold or the casting piece, but the obtained coefficient mostly takes a linear value as a main factor. The existence of the Bioho number by the concentrated heat capacity method (
H is the boundary heat transfer coefficient, lambda heat conductivity, and delta is the thickness), and when the Bioho number is more than 0.1, the concentrated heat capacity method has greater limitation; the Beck nonlinear estimation method has the characteristic of small error, but the calculation process is too complicated, and a special calculation program is generally needed for solving.
Heat flow sensors have been the basic tool for measuring heat transfer (heat flow density) and constitute the most critical device for heat flow measurement. Although the heat flow sensor has the advantages of small size, quick thermal response, small interference to the environment and the like at normal temperature, under the high-temperature use environment, the working condition provides a plurality of challenges for the application of the common heat flow sensor, especially for the high sensitivity requirement of the heat flow sensor at high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide casting equipment and a method for measuring an interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting the casting equipment, so as to solve the problems of complexity and limitation of a method for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficient in the casting process in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a casting apparatus comprising a mold module and a data module, wherein the mold module comprises a mold body, a high temperature heat flux sensor, a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple and a third thermocouple, the data module comprises a multi-channel heat flux temperature recorder, the mold body has a mold cavity for accommodating an alloy melt, a groove is formed on an inner side wall of the mold body contacting the mold cavity, the high temperature heat flux sensor is embedded in the groove, a surface of the high temperature heat flux sensor directly contacting the alloy melt is flush with the inner side wall of the mold body for measuring an interface heat flux density of a contact interface between the alloy melt and the mold body, the first thermocouple has a first measuring end, the first thermocouple extends into the interior of the mold cavity, and the first measuring end is disposed close to the high temperature heat flux sensor, the first thermocouple is used for measuring the surface temperature Tc of the alloy melt, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple respectively and independently penetrate through the outer side wall of the casting body and are partially embedded into the casting body, the second thermocouple is provided with a second measuring end, the third thermocouple is provided with a third measuring end, the second measuring end and the third measuring end are respectively and independently arranged close to the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor, and the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are respectively used for testing the temperatures T1 and T2 at different positions inside the casting body; the horizontal distance between the first measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor is smaller than or equal to 1mm, the horizontal distance between the third measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor is 2 times of the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor, and the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder is electrically connected with the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple and the high-temperature heat flow sensor and used for collecting data of the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple and the high-temperature heat flow sensor.
Furthermore, the data module also comprises a data processor which is electrically connected with the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder and used for drawing data into a temperature-time curve.
Furthermore, the high-temperature heat flow sensor is in seamless contact with the bottom of the groove, and the roughness of the inner surface of the groove is less than or equal to 0.2.
Further, a thermal conductivity material is filled between the groove and the high-temperature heat flow sensor, and the thermal conductivity material is selected from any one or more of a flaky high-thermal conductivity graphite material, a powdery high-thermal conductivity graphite material, a film-shaped high-thermal conductivity graphite material and a colloidal high-thermal conductivity graphite material.
Furthermore, the first measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor are at the same height, the resolution of the high-temperature heat flow sensor is greater than or equal to 47W/M2: uV, the response time is less than 100ms, and the high-temperature heat flow sensor is an H-50 type high-temperature heat flow sensor or an HFM-8 type high-temperature heat flow sensor.
Furthermore, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are respectively and independently embedded into the casting mould through blind holes, the axis of the third thermocouple and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor are on the same straight line, the axis of the second thermocouple is parallel to the axis of the third thermocouple, and the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are respectively and independently K-type thermocouples with the diameters of 0.1-0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor is 5-20 mm.
Furthermore, the first thermocouple is a K-type thermocouple with the diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of measuring the interfacial heat transfer coefficient using the casting apparatus described above, the method comprising: step S1, mixingInjecting the gold melt into the die cavity for pouring, step S2, acquiring data Tc, T1, T2 and q of the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple, the third thermocouple and the high-temperature heat flow sensor by a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder in the pouring process, step S3, calculating according to the acquired data and the following relational expression 1, relational expression 2 and relational expression 3 to obtain an interface heat exchange coefficient, relational expression 1,
the results of the relationship 2,
the relationship of the equation 3,
wherein, in the step (A),T0 represents the temperature of the inner side wall surface of the cast body,Tc represents the temperature at the interface of the alloy melt,cthe specific heat capacity of the material constituting the cast body is expressed,ρthe density of the material constituting the cast body is expressed,λindicating the thermal conductivity (as a function of temperature) of the material constituting the casting body,T1(t) Indicating the temperature of the second measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT1，T1(t+∆t) Indicating the temperature at the next calculation instant of the second measuring terminalT1，T2(t) represents the temperature of the third measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT2，qThe density of the heat flow is shown,hdenotes the interfacial heat transfer coefficient, ΔTDenotes the difference in interface temperature, ΔxThe difference between the horizontal distance between the third measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor and the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor is represented.
Further, in the above relational expression 2, 0<S<0.5。
The technical scheme of the invention is applied, and the method for rapidly measuring the heat exchange coefficient in the casting process is provided, and particularly, the interface heat flow density is directly measured by a high-temperature heat flow sensor and is divided by the temperature difference of two sides of the interface (the contact surface between the alloy melt and the casting mold body is called as the interface) to rapidly obtain the interface heat flow density. And the casting method can be sand casting with slow cooling speed, metal casting with fast cooling speed, or pressure antigravity casting such as high-pressure casting, extrusion casting, low-pressure casting, counter-pressure casting, etc.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a casting apparatus provided according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a temperature-time graph of T0, T1, T2 and Tc throughout the casting process provided in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a distribution diagram of interface heat flux density measured according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the distribution of the interface heat transfer coefficient calculated according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the T1 temperature value calculated using magmasoft casting software and using the interfacial heat transfer coefficient values of FIG. 4 compared to an actual measured T1 temperature value, in accordance with the present invention.
The figures above include the following reference numbers:
1. casting body; 2. a mold cavity; 3. a high temperature heat flow sensor; 4. a first thermocouple; 5. a second thermocouple; 6. a third thermocouple; 7. a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As the background art of the present application analyzes, the method for testing the interface heat transfer coefficient in the casting process in the prior art has the problems of complexity and limitation, and in order to solve the problem, the present application provides a casting device and a method for measuring the interface heat transfer coefficient by using the casting device.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a casting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a mold module and a data module, wherein the mold module comprises a mold body 1, a high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, a first thermocouple 4, a second thermocouple 5 and a third thermocouple 6, the data module comprises a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7, the mold body 1 has a mold cavity 2, the mold cavity 2 is used for placing an alloy melt, a groove is formed on the inner side wall of the mold body 1 contacting the mold cavity 2, the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is embedded in the groove, the surface of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 directly contacting the alloy melt is flush with the inner side wall of the mold body 1 for measuring the interface heat flow density of the contact interface between the alloy melt and the mold body 1, the first thermocouple 4 has a first measuring end, the first thermocouple 4 extends to the inside of the mold cavity 2, and the first measuring end is arranged close to the high temperature heat flow sensor 3, the first thermocouple 4 is used for measuring the surface temperature Tc of the alloy melt, the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6 respectively and independently penetrate through the outer side wall of the casting body 1 and are partially embedded into the casting body 1, the second thermocouple 5 is provided with a second measuring end, the third thermocouple 6 is provided with a third measuring end, the second measuring end and the third measuring end are respectively and independently arranged close to the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor 3, and the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6 are respectively used for testing the temperature T1 and T2 at different positions in the casting body 1; the horizontal distance between the first measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is smaller than or equal to 1mm, the horizontal distance between the third measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is 2 times of the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, and the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 is electrically connected with the first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6 and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 and used for collecting data of the first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6 and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3.
Compared with the traditional method, the method obtains the interface heat flow density by directly measuring the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, the interface heat flow density is divided by the temperature difference of two sides of the interface (the contact surface between the alloy melt and the casting mould 1 is called as the interface) to be quickly obtained, and the provided method for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficient is simple, reliable in result and convenient to operate, and can be widely applied to the measurement of the heat exchange coefficients of various alloy solidification interfaces. And the casting method can be sand casting with slow cooling speed, metal casting with fast cooling speed, or pressure antigravity casting such as high-pressure casting, extrusion casting, low-pressure casting, counter-pressure casting, etc.
In an embodiment of the present application, the data module further includes a data processor electrically connected to the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 for plotting data into a temperature-time curve.
The data processor such as a computer and the like which is used for collecting the data of the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 is electrically connected, and data can be drawn into data curves such as a temperature-time curve and the like through data processing software, so that the start and the end of data collection are controlled through the trend of the data curves.
The high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is adopted to measure the heat flow density, the high-temperature heat flow sensor is a thermopile sensor, and the principle is that when heat passes through the high-temperature heat flow sensor, a temperature gradient is generated on the heat resistance surface of the high-temperature heat flow sensor, and the heat flow density of the high-temperature heat flow sensor can be obtained according to the Fourier law. As shown in fig. 1, in order to obtain accurate measurement results, it is preferable that the high temperature heat flow sensor is deeply inserted into the inner surface of the mold, the outer surface of the heat flow sensor should be in direct contact with the alloy melt, the above high temperature heat flow sensor 3 is preferably in seamless contact with the groove bottom of the groove, the roughness of the groove inner surface of the groove is preferably 0.2 or less,
in an embodiment of the present application, a thermal conductivity material is filled between the groove and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, and preferably, the thermal conductivity material is selected from any one or more of a flake-shaped high thermal conductivity graphite-based material, a powdered high thermal conductivity graphite-based material, a film-shaped high thermal conductivity graphite-based material, and a gel-shaped high thermal conductivity graphite-based material.
The thermal conductivity material improves the thermal conductivity between the groove and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, so that the interface heat flow density obtained by the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is more accurate.
In order to better control the position of the first measuring end and improve the testing accuracy of the surface temperature Tc of the alloy melt, the first measuring end is preferably arranged at the same height with the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, the resolution of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is preferably greater than or equal to 47W/M2: uV, the response time is less than 100ms, and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is preferably an H-50 type high-temperature heat flow sensor or an HFM-8 type high-temperature heat flow sensor.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6 are each independently embedded in the mold 1 through a blind hole, the axis of the third thermocouple 6 is collinear with the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, preferably, the axis of the second thermocouple 5 is parallel to the axis of the third thermocouple 6, and preferably, the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6 are each independently a K-type thermocouple with a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
The above arrangement facilitates better control of the spacing between the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6 and the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor 3.
In order to improve the accuracy of the temperatures T1 and T2 measured by the second thermocouple 5 and the third thermocouple 6, the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 is preferably 5-20 mm.
In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the surface temperature Tc of the alloy melt, the first thermocouple 4 is preferably a K-type thermocouple having a diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a method for measuring an interface heat transfer coefficient using the casting apparatus described above, the method including a step S1 of pouring an alloy melt into the cavity 2 of the mold, a step S2 of collecting data Tc, T1, T2, and q of the first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6, and the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3 by the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 during pouring, a step S3 of calculating an interface heat transfer coefficient according to the collected data and the following relations 1, 2, and 3, relation 1,
the results of the relationship 2,
the relationship of the equation 3,
wherein, in the step (A),T0 represents the temperature of the inner side wall surface of the cast body 1,Tc represents the temperature at the interface of the alloy melt,cindicating the specific heat capacity of the material constituting the cast body 1,ρthe density of the material constituting the cast body 1 is shown,λwhich represents the thermal conductivity (as a function of temperature) of the material constituting the cast body 1,T1(t) Indicating the temperature of the second measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT1，T1(t+∆t) Indicating the temperature at the next calculation instant of the second measuring terminalT1，T2(t) represents the temperature of the third measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT2，qThe density of the heat flow is shown,hdenotes the interfacial heat transfer coefficient, ΔTDenotes the difference in interface temperature, ΔxWhich represents the difference between the horizontal spacing of the third measuring end from the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor 3 and the horizontal spacing of the second measuring end from the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor 3.
The principle of the method for testing the interface heat flux density by using the casting equipment shown in fig. 1 is that the interface heat flux density is directly measured by the high-temperature heat flux sensor 3, and the interface heat flux density is directly obtained by dividing the interface heat flux density by the temperature difference of two sides of the interface (the contact surface between the alloy melt and the casting mold 1 is called the interface). The measuring method is simple, reliable in result and convenient to operate, and can be widely applied to measurement of heat exchange coefficients of various alloy solidification interfaces. The casting method can be sand casting with a slow cooling speed, metal mold casting with a fast cooling speed, or pressure-type counter-gravity casting such as high-pressure casting, extrusion casting, low-pressure casting, counter-pressure casting and the like, wherein preferably the alloy melt is poured within 1-2 s.
Obtained by calculation in order to maintain relation 1T0, preferably the aboveIn relation 2, 0<S<0.5。
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the benefits of the present application.
Example 1
As shown in the casting equipment of figure 1, the invention is applied to a metal mold gravity casting test, firstly three K-type first thermocouples 4, second thermocouples 5, third thermocouples 6 and H-50-type high-temperature heat flow sensors with the diameter of 0.5mm are fixed at preset positions of a casting body 1, the H-50-type high-temperature heat flow sensors need to be installed with a groove on the inner side wall of the casting body 1 in a gapless mode, the first thermocouples 4 are placed in a casting mold cavity 2, the second thermocouples 5 and the third thermocouples 6 are respectively embedded into the casting body 1 through blind holes, wherein a first measuring end of the first thermocouples 4 is just aligned with the center of the H-50-type high-temperature heat flow sensors, the interval between the first measuring end of the first thermocouples and the center of the H-50-type high-temperature heat flow sensors is 1mm, and the measured temperature is Tc.
The center spacing distances between the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6 and the H-50 type high-temperature heat flow sensor are respectively 5mm and 10mm, the measured temperatures are respectively T1 and T2, the test data of the first thermocouple 4, the second thermocouple 5, the third thermocouple 6 and the H-50 type high-temperature heat flow sensor are connected with a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 through high-temperature wires for reading and collecting, and the specific measurement schematic diagram is shown in figure 1.
And (3) measuring the temperature of the refined A356 alloy during testing, opening the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder 7 and starting pouring of the A356 alloy melt when the temperature of the A356 alloy melt is stabilized at 700 ℃ and the temperature of the casting mould 1 is maintained at 200 ℃, controlling the pouring time within 1-2 seconds, observing the change of a temperature-time curve on a computer, and stopping collecting test data after waiting for 400 seconds. After the test is finished, the test data is stored, the temperature T0 of the inner side wall surface of the casting body 1 can be calculated by using the relational expression 1, the interface heat exchange coefficient h is calculated by using the relational expression 3, the temperature-time distribution of T0, T1, T2 and Tc in the whole test process is shown in figure 2, the measured interface heat flow density is shown in figure 3, and the distribution of the interface heat exchange coefficient calculated by the relational expression 3 is shown in figure 4.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of a T1 temperature value calculated by using magmasoft casting software and the interface heat exchange coefficient value of fig. 4 and an actually measured T1 temperature value, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that the T1 temperature value obtained by applying the interface heat exchange coefficient simulation calculation of the present invention is basically consistent with the test measured T1 temperature value, and the error between the two values is less than 3 ℃, which completely meets the basic requirements of the simulation test, and shows that the interface heat exchange coefficient calculated by the present invention is accurate and effective, the method is not only simple, but also the calculation value precision is effectively ensured.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
compared with the traditional method, the method obtains the interface heat flow density by directly measuring through the high-temperature heat flow sensor 3, the interface heat flow density is divided by the temperature difference of two sides of the interface (the contact surface between the alloy melt and the casting mould body 1 is called as the interface) to be quickly obtained, and the provided method for measuring the interface heat exchange coefficient is simple, reliable in result and convenient to operate, and can be widely applied to the measurement of the heat exchange coefficients of various alloy solidification interfaces. And the casting method can be sand casting with slow cooling speed, metal casting with fast cooling speed, or pressure antigravity casting such as high-pressure casting, extrusion casting, low-pressure casting, counter-pressure casting, etc.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A casting apparatus comprising a mould module and a data module, wherein,
the casting mold block comprises:
a casting body (1) provided with a casting cavity (2), wherein the casting cavity (2) is used for placing alloy melt, the inner side wall of the casting body (1) contacting with the casting cavity (2) is provided with a groove,
the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) is embedded in the groove, the surface of the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) in direct contact with the alloy melt is flush with the inner side wall of the casting body (1) and is used for measuring the interface heat flow density of a contact interface between the alloy melt and the casting body (1),
a first thermocouple (4) having a first measuring end, said first thermocouple (4) extending inside said mould cavity (2) and said first measuring end being located close to said high temperature heat flow sensor (3), said first thermocouple (4) being adapted to measure a surface temperature Tc of said alloy melt,
a second thermocouple (5) and a third thermocouple (6) each independently penetrating through an outer sidewall of the casting body (1) and partially embedded within the casting body (1), the second thermocouple (5) having a second measuring end, the third thermocouple (6) having a third measuring end, wherein the second measuring end and the third measuring end are each independently located near a center of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3), the second thermocouple (5) and the third thermocouple (6) being for testing temperatures T1 and T2, respectively, at different locations inside the casting body (1); the horizontal distance between the first measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) is less than or equal to 1mm, the horizontal distance between the third measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) is 2 times of the horizontal distance between the second measuring end and the center of the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3),
the data module includes:
the multichannel heat flow temperature recorder (7) is electrically connected with the first thermocouple (4), the second thermocouple (5), the third thermocouple (6) and the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) and is used for collecting data of the first thermocouple (4), the second thermocouple (5), the third thermocouple (6) and the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3).
2. The casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data module further comprises a data processor electrically connected to the multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder (7) for plotting the data into a temperature-time curve.
3. Casting plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the high temperature heat flux sensor (3) is in seamless contact with the bottom of the groove of which the groove inner surface has a roughness of 0.2 or less.
4. The casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thermal conductivity material is filled between the groove and the high-temperature heat flow sensor (3), and the thermal conductivity material is selected from any one or more of a flake-shaped high-thermal-conductivity graphite-based material, a powdery high-thermal-conductivity graphite-based material, a film-shaped high-thermal-conductivity graphite-based material and a colloidal high-thermal-conductivity graphite-based material.
5. The casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first measuring end is at the same height as the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3), the resolution of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3) is greater than or equal to 47W/M2: uV, the response time is less than 100ms, and the high temperature heat flow sensor (3) is a high temperature heat flow sensor of H-50 type or a high temperature heat flow sensor of HFM-8 type.
6. The casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second thermocouple (5) and the third thermocouple (6) are each independently embedded in the cast body (1) through a blind hole, an axial line of the third thermocouple (6) is collinear with a center of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3), an axial line of the second thermocouple (5) is parallel to an axial line of the third thermocouple (6), and the second thermocouple (5) and the third thermocouple (6) are each independently K-type thermocouples having a diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
7. A casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the horizontal spacing of the second measuring end from the centre of the high temperature heat flux sensor (3) is 5-20 mm.
8. Casting equipment according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first thermocouple (4) is a K-type thermocouple with a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
9. A method of measuring the interfacial heat transfer coefficient using the casting apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
step S1, the alloy melt is injected into the casting mould cavity (2) for casting,
step S2, acquiring data Tc, T1, T2 and q of a first thermocouple (4), a second thermocouple (5), a third thermocouple (6) and a high-temperature heat flow sensor (3) by a multi-channel heat flow temperature recorder (7) in the casting process,
step S3, calculating the interface heat exchange coefficient according to the collected data and the following relational expression 1, relational expression 2 and relational expression 3,
the process is carried out in the relation of equation 1,
the relationship between the two components of the formula 2,
，
the relationship between the two components is expressed in the following equation 3,
，
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,T0 represents the temperature of the inner wall surface of the cast body (1),Tc represents the temperature at the interface of the alloy melt,crepresents the specific heat capacity of the material constituting the cast body (1),ρrepresenting the density of the material constituting the cast body (1),λrepresenting the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the cast body (1),T1(t) Indicating the temperature of the second measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT1，T1(t+∆t) Representing the temperature at the next calculation time of the second measuring terminalT1，T2(t) represents the temperature of the third measuring terminal at the current calculation timeT2，qThe density of the heat flow is shown,hdenotes the interfacial heat transfer coefficient, ΔTDenotes the difference in interface temperature, ΔxRepresents the difference between the horizontal spacing of the third measuring end from the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3) and the horizontal spacing of the second measuring end from the center of the high temperature heat flow sensor (3).
10. The method of claim 9, wherein 0 is given in the relation 2<S<0.5。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211050437.7A CN115128124A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211050437.7A CN115128124A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115128124A true CN115128124A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
Family
ID=83387627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211050437.7A Pending CN115128124A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115128124A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000289076A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-17 | Plamedia Research Corp | Method for simulating resin molding |
| CN101876642A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for testing interfacial heat transfer coefficient during rapid solidification |
| CN104698030A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-10 | 中南林业科技大学 | Determination method for interface heat transfer coefficient in casting process |
| CN111855739A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-10-30 | 东北大学 | Method and system for determining heat exchange coefficient of interface between ingot and casting mold in pressurized solidification process |
| CN112903743A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient |
-
2022
- 2022-08-31 CN CN202211050437.7A patent/CN115128124A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000289076A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-17 | Plamedia Research Corp | Method for simulating resin molding |
| CN101876642A (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for testing interfacial heat transfer coefficient during rapid solidification |
| CN104698030A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-10 | 中南林业科技大学 | Determination method for interface heat transfer coefficient in casting process |
| CN112903743A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient |
| CN111855739A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-10-30 | 东北大学 | Method and system for determining heat exchange coefficient of interface between ingot and casting mold in pressurized solidification process |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘耀浩主编: "《建筑环境与设备控制技术》", 31 January 2006, 天津大学出版社 * |
| 吴朝忠: "铝合金挤压铸造界面传热系数的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 张令: "砂型铸造过程中型芯与铸件界面换热系数的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 徐占发主编: "《建筑节能技术实用手册》", 31 January 2005, 机械工业出版社 * |
| 李金辉: "水冷模模铸的铸件/铸型界面换热系数的反向求解分析", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 郝炜等: "铸型界面换热系数的测定方法研究", 《热加工工艺》 * |
| 郭世贵: "7050铝合金材料喷淋淬火的试验与模拟研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Hamasaiid et al. | Effect of mold coating materials and thickness on heat transfer in permanent mold casting of aluminum alloys | |
| Dour et al. | Development of a non-intrusive heat transfer coefficient gauge and its application to high pressure die casting: effect of the process parameters | |
| JP4579820B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for determining operating state of mold or mold operating surface, method for operating mold or mold, computer program, and computer-readable recording medium | |
| Aweda et al. | Experimental determination of heat transfer coefficients during squeeze casting of aluminium | |
| JP4692402B2 (en) | Casting simulation method, apparatus thereof, program thereof, recording medium recording the program, and casting method | |
| US4358948A (en) | Method and apparatus for predicting metallographic structure | |
| CN110779954A (en) | Device and method for measuring contact heat conductivity coefficient in plastic deformation state | |
| Dargusch et al. | The accurate determination of heat transfer coefficient and its evolution with time during high pressure die casting of Al‐9% Si‐3% Cu and Mg‐9% Al‐1% Zn alloys | |
| CN108108529B (en) | Inverse calculation method for simply and conveniently measuring heat exchange coefficient of casting interface | |
| CN115128124A (en) | Casting equipment and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient by adopting same | |
| Lin et al. | Spatial interfacial heat transfer and surface characteristics during gravity casting of A356 alloy | |
| Prasad et al. | Experimental Determination of Heat Transfer Across the Metal/Mold Gap in a Direct Chill (DC) Casting Mold—Part I: Effect of Gap Size and Mold Gas Type | |
| CN110044507A (en) | The accurate temp measuring method of sand casting based on temperature measuring unit positioning | |
| JP7125906B2 (en) | Holding power evaluation method and shrinkage evaluation method | |
| CN110108378B (en) | Assembly for multi-point fine temperature measurement in die in extrusion casting process and temperature measurement method | |
| CN108380855A (en) | Heavy castings cooling procedure monitoring internal temperature device and monitoring method | |
| JPS62118946A (en) | Device for predicting tissue of casting alloy, particularly,extent of spheroidizing of cast iron | |
| JP4244675B2 (en) | Detection method of width direction distribution of molten steel flow velocity in continuous casting mold | |
| JP2016065811A (en) | Device and method for measuring temperature | |
| CN111855739A (en) | Method and system for determining heat exchange coefficient of interface between ingot and casting mold in pressurized solidification process | |
| Hamasaiid et al. | Interfacial heat transfer during die casting of an Al-Si-Cu alloy | |
| Sabau | Measurement of heat flux at metal/mould interface during casting solidification | |
| JPH0243557Y2 (en) | ||
| US10974314B2 (en) | Method and device for determining a temperature distribution in a mold plate for a metal-making process | |
| Zhang et al. | Inverse calculation of interfacial heat transfer coefficient during solidification of circular cast steel castings by no-bake furan resin bonded sand casting |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220930 |