CN115126438B - Stepless reducing plugging device and method thereof - Google Patents
Stepless reducing plugging device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115126438B CN115126438B CN202110318037.9A CN202110318037A CN115126438B CN 115126438 B CN115126438 B CN 115126438B CN 202110318037 A CN202110318037 A CN 202110318037A CN 115126438 B CN115126438 B CN 115126438B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/06—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting packers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/126—Packers; Plugs with fluid-pressure-operated elastic cup or skirt
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve
- E21B33/1277—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve characterised by the construction or fixation of the sleeve
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a stepless reducing plugging device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises three hollow tubular columns which are concentrically sleeved, a central pipe, an expansion rubber cylinder and a thin-wall metal pipe are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets are formed in the pipe wall of the central pipe, the axial center line of each liquid inlet is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central pipe, and at least one reducing self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe; the annular space at the end part of any two adjacent tubular columns in the three tubular columns is sealed and closed. The invention realizes the stepless expansion rubber cylinder through the stepless reducing support ring, and the pressure of the central pipe and the annular cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder can be controlled through the ground pump truck, so that the expansion size of the expansion rubber cylinder is controlled, and the liquid in a shaft is prevented from entering a stratum, thereby preventing other underground complex conditions and major accidents such as well collapse, drilling sticking, blowout and the like caused by well leakage, saving the cost of drilling fluid materials, drilling machines and personnel, and improving the drilling effect and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield downhole tools, and particularly relates to a stepless reducing plugging device and a stepless reducing plugging method.
Background
The main lost circulation fluid is drilling fluid, cement slurry, well completion fluid, other working fluids and the like which are immersed in the stratum, different degrees of lost circulation exist in most drilling processes, serious lost circulation can cause imbalance of pressure in the well, normal drilling operation is affected, well wall instability is caused, formation fluid is induced to flow into a well shaft and blowout phenomenon occurs, even other underground complex conditions and major accidents such as well collapse, drilling sticking, blowout and the like can be caused, the damage to the drilling operation is extremely large, well scrapping is caused even more, huge economic loss is caused, and the following problems are caused due to stratum lost circulation in actual drilling and well cementation operation at present:
(1) And a large amount of slurry materials are consumed for plugging, so that the construction cost is increased.
(2) And (3) prolonging the construction period:
when the lost circulation cannot be continued, stopping the leakage, and stopping the leakage for a few hours, days or even months.
(3) The lost circulation causes the liquid level in the well to drop, the liquid column pressure to drop, so that the liquid column pressure can not balance the higher stratum pressure, the blowout occurs, the well collapse and even the drilling sticking occur, the blowout and the drilling sticking accident occur, if the treatment is improper, the partial well section or the whole well section can be scrapped, and huge economic loss is caused.
(4) Affecting the cementing quality:
the lost well is difficult to bear the pressure of cement slurry, so that the annular space is not sealed by cement or the well cementation quality is not achieved during well cementation, the service life of the well is further shortened, and the problem can not be solved by adopting the graded well cementation with high cost for part of the wells.
According to statistics, the occurrence rate of lost circulation in the whole world accounts for 20% -25% of the total number of well drilling, and the treatment of lost circulation is a difficult point in petroleum well drilling, especially the problem of complex lost circulation is particularly troublesome, the loss of malignant lost circulation accounts for more than 50% of the total loss of lost circulation, and the plugging is difficult to succeed, so that the prevention and treatment research of the malignant lost circulation needs to be enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stepless reducing plugging device and a method thereof, which overcome the technical defects.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a stepless reducing plugging device, which comprises three hollow tubular columns sleeved concentrically, wherein a central pipe, an expansion rubber cylinder and a thin-wall metal pipe are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets are formed in the wall of the central pipe, the axial center line of each liquid inlet is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central pipe, and at least one variable-diameter self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe;
the annular space at the end part of any two adjacent tubular columns in the three tubular columns is sealed and closed.
Preferably, the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe is sleeved with two support rings, namely an upper support ring and a lower support ring, wherein the upper support ring is close to the upper end part of the thin-wall metal pipe, and the lower support ring is close to the lower end part of the thin-wall metal pipe.
Further, the supporting ring has the same structure, and comprises an inner reducing ring and an outer reducing ring which can synchronously reduce, wherein the outer reducing ring is a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of first arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces are connected or separated, and first saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner cambered surface of each first arc-shaped piece; the inner diameter-changing ring is a ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of second arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent second arc-shaped pieces are connected or separated, and second saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer cambered surface of each second arc-shaped piece;
the second saw teeth of the inner reducing ring are engaged with the first saw teeth of the outer reducing ring.
Further, the inner diameter-changing ring is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four first arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, the outer diameter-changing ring is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four second arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, each second arc-shaped piece faces to the interval of two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces, and second saw teeth of each second arc-shaped piece are simultaneously meshed with first saw teeth of the two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces which face to each second saw tooth.
Preferably, the first saw tooth and the second saw tooth are oblique teeth which are obliquely arranged, the same first arc-shaped piece or the same second arc-shaped piece is provided with saw teeth in two oblique directions, the midpoint of the first saw tooth is taken as a boundary or the midpoint of the second saw tooth is taken as a boundary, and the two sides of the midpoint are symmetrical oblique teeth.
Further, a plurality of rivets are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the outer reducing ring at intervals.
Preferably, the outer tube wall of the central tube is sleeved with at least two sealing elements, namely an upper sealing element positioned at the top and a lower sealing element positioned at the bottom, wherein the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element are respectively clung to the outer tube wall of the central tube, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element are respectively clung to the inner tube wall of the expansion rubber tube.
Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder are respectively sleeved with an annular rubber cylinder top seat and an annular rubber cylinder base, wherein the inner circumferential surfaces of the annular rubber cylinder top seat and the annular rubber cylinder base are clung to the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder, and the thin-wall metal pipe is clamped between the lower annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder top seat and the upper annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder base.
The invention also provides a stepless reducing plugging method, which at least comprises a stepless reducing plugging device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target leakage point;
lowering the stepless reducing plugging device into the target well;
starting a ground pump truck, and pumping high-pressure liquid into the stepless variable-diameter plugging device;
high-pressure liquid is input into the central tube and is discharged into the annular cavity of the central tube and the expansion rubber cylinder through the liquid inlet hole;
the expansion rubber cylinder expands and extrudes the thin-wall metal tube, and the thin-wall metal tube expands;
continuously pumping high-pressure liquid until the support ring is spread and embedded into the wall of the target wellbore;
stopping the pump for pressure relief, contracting the expansion rubber cylinder, and repairing and plugging the target leakage point by the thin-wall metal pipe and separating from the expansion rubber cylinder;
lifting the pipe column to lift the stepless reducing plugging device.
Further, the thin-wall metal tube expands, continuously pumps high-pressure liquid, and the support ring is spread and embedded into the wall of the target wellbore, and specifically comprises:
the thin-wall metal tube expands, and the upper support ring and the lower support ring are opened at the same time;
the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring of each supporting ring are synchronously reduced and spread;
stabilizing the pressure for 5-10 minutes, so that the rivet of the outer reducing ring is wedged into the wall of the target wellbore.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention adopts the stepless expansion rubber cylinder, and the pressure of the central pipe and the annular cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder can be controlled through the ground pump truck, so that the expansion size of the expansion rubber cylinder is controlled, and the liquid in a shaft is prevented from entering into stratum, thereby preventing other underground complex conditions and major accidents such as well collapse, drilling sticking, blowout and the like caused by lost circulation, and simultaneously saving the cost of drilling fluid materials, drilling machine and personnel, and improving the drilling effect and efficiency.
(2) The stepless expansion rubber cylinder is mainly realized by the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring which are sleeved concentrically, the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring are stretched in one direction by meshing, and the purpose that the supporting ring can only be stretched and cannot be contracted is achieved by combining the self-locking effect of meshing helical teeth, so that the firmness of the thin-wall metal pipe for repairing the leakage point is ensured, and the leakage point is not easy to separate.
In order to make the above-mentioned objects of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a stepless variable diameter plugging device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure in which the support ring is not radially expanded.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structure in which the support ring has been radially expanded.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a central tube; 2. an expansion rubber cylinder; 3. a thin-walled metal tube; 4. a liquid inlet hole; 5. an upper support ring; 6. a lower support ring; 7. an inner diameter-variable ring; 8. an outer reducing ring; 9. a rivet; 10. an upper seal; 11. a lower seal; 12. a ring-shaped rubber cylinder top seat; 13. a ring-shaped rubber cylinder base; 14. target missing points.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification, by describing the embodiments of the present invention with specific examples.
In the present invention, the upper, lower, left and right directions in the drawings are regarded as the upper, lower, left and right directions of the stepless diameter-changing plugging device described in the present specification.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples described herein, which are provided to fully and completely disclose the present invention and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, like elements/components are referred to by like reference numerals.
Unless otherwise indicated, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, it will be understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
First embodiment
The embodiment relates to a stepless reducing plugging device, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises three hollow pipe columns concentrically sleeved, wherein a central pipe 1, an expansion rubber cylinder 2 and a thin-wall metal pipe 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets 4 are formed in the pipe wall of the central pipe 1, the axial center line of each liquid inlet 4 is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central pipe 1, at least one reducing self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe 3, and annular spaces at the end parts of any two adjacent pipe columns in the three pipe columns are sealed and closed.
The working principle of the stepless reducing plugging device is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a target leakage point 14, lowering a stepless variable-diameter plugging device into a target well, starting a ground pump truck, pumping high-pressure liquid into the stepless variable-diameter plugging device, inputting the high-pressure liquid into a central pipe 1, discharging the high-pressure liquid into annular cavities of the central pipe 1 and an expansion rubber cylinder 2 through a liquid inlet 4, expanding the expansion rubber cylinder 2 by 20% -40%, pushing an extruded thin-wall metal pipe 3, expanding the thin-wall metal pipe 3, continuously pumping the high-pressure liquid until a supporting ring is propped open and embedded into the wall of the target well, stopping pumping and releasing pressure, contracting the expansion rubber cylinder 2, repairing and plugging the target leakage point by the thin-wall metal pipe 3, separating the expansion rubber cylinder 2, lifting a pipe column, and starting the stepless variable-diameter plugging device.
The target leakage point 14 refers to fig. 1, and the thin-wall metal tube 3 completely covers the target leakage point 14 to ensure the integrity of plugging.
The high pressure fluid may be clear water, drilling mud or other, the pressure being such that the expansion cement 2 expands stepwise, preferably 50MPa.
The function of the liquid inlet hole 4 is to drain high-pressure liquid into the annular cavities of the central tube 1 and the expansion rubber cylinder 2, and in order to enable the high-pressure liquid to rapidly fill the annular cavities, the liquid inlet hole 4 can be formed in the middle of the central tube 1, but the liquid inlet hole is not limited to the central tube 1, and the liquid inlet hole can also be formed at any other position of the central tube 1.
In order to ensure the pressure of the high-pressure liquid and the reasonable expansion of the expansion rubber cylinder 2, the upper end and the lower end of the annular cavity of the central tube 1 and the expansion rubber cylinder 2 are necessarily closed, so that the end annular spaces of any two adjacent tubular columns in the three tubular columns are sealed and closed.
After the expansion rubber cylinder 2 expands, the thin-wall metal tube 3 is pushed to expand in the radial direction, meanwhile, the supporting ring on the thin-wall metal tube 3 expands in the radial direction, along with the continuous expansion of the expansion rubber cylinder 2, the thin-wall metal tube 3 also continues to expand in the radial direction until the supporting ring is wedged into the wall of a target well, then the expansion is continued, the thin-wall metal tube 3 at the moment is embedded into the wall of the target well, the target leakage point 14 is completely covered by the thin-wall metal tube 3, and the leakage blocking of the leakage point is completed.
The supporting ring not only guides and limits the thin-wall metal tube 3, but also has the self-locking function to prevent the thin-wall metal tube 3 from shrinking.
In practical application, a plurality of stepless reducing plugging devices can be connected in series in the drill rod string, and plugging of a plurality of leakage points is realized at the same time, and the stepless reducing plugging devices can be screwed in the drill rod string through threads.
Second embodiment
The embodiment relates to a stepless reducing plugging device, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises three hollow pipe columns concentrically sleeved, wherein a central pipe 1, an expansion rubber cylinder 2 and a thin-wall metal pipe 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets 4 are formed in the pipe wall of the central pipe 1, the axial center line of each liquid inlet 4 is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central pipe 1, at least one reducing self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe 3, and annular spaces at the end parts of any two adjacent pipe columns in the three pipe columns are sealed and closed.
Referring to fig. 1, the outer tube wall of the thin-walled metal tube 3 is sleeved with two support rings, namely an upper support ring 5 and a lower support ring 6, wherein the upper support ring 5 is close to the upper end of the thin-walled metal tube 3, and the lower support ring 6 is close to the lower end of the thin-walled metal tube 3.
The number of the supporting rings is not unique, and a corresponding number of supporting rings can be sleeved according to the requirement, and in the embodiment, two supporting rings are preferable, on one hand, the balanced supporting of the thin-wall metal tube 3 is considered, and on the other hand, the thin-wall metal tube 3 is ensured to firmly seal and cover the target leakage point 14, so that the liquid in the shaft is prevented from flowing with the stratum liquid.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the supporting ring has the same structure, and comprises an inner reducing ring 7 and an outer reducing ring 8 which can synchronously reduce, wherein the outer reducing ring 8 is a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of first arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces are connected or spaced, and first saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner cambered surface of each first arc-shaped piece; the inner diameter-changing ring 7 is a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of second arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent second arc-shaped pieces are connected or spaced, second saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer cambered surface of each second arc-shaped piece, and the second saw teeth of the inner diameter-changing ring 7 are meshed with the first saw teeth of the outer diameter-changing ring 8.
The inner diameter-changing ring 7 is sleeved on the thin-wall metal tube 3, when the thin-wall metal tube 3 is gradually expanded, the diameter of the inner diameter-changing ring 7 is increased, and as the inner diameter-changing ring and the outer diameter-changing ring are meshed together through the saw teeth, the inner saw teeth and the outer saw teeth are pushed to be meshed through the expanding force of the inner diameter-changing ring 7, the outer diameter-changing ring 8 is synchronously expanded, and the expansion is continued until the supporting ring is embedded into the wall of the target well, so that the radial movement of the thin-wall metal tube 3 is limited.
The inner reducing ring 7 is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four first arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, and the outer reducing ring 8 is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four second arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, wherein each second arc-shaped piece faces to the interval of two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces, and second saw teeth of each second arc-shaped piece are simultaneously meshed with first saw teeth of the two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces which face to each second saw tooth.
As shown in fig. 3, if the second arc-shaped members of the outer reducing ring 8 are numbered clockwise, the second arc-shaped members are sequentially numbered ABCD, wherein a refers to the second arc-shaped member directly above, and a and B are taken as examples, and then the same first arc-shaped member is simultaneously engaged with the second arc-shaped member a and the second arc-shaped member B, so that the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring can be connected together, and the reducing size can be controlled by adjusting the number of the arc-shaped members.
The self-locking function of the support ring is realized through the following structure:
the first saw teeth and the second saw teeth are oblique teeth which are obliquely arranged, the same first arc-shaped piece or the same second arc-shaped piece is provided with saw teeth in two oblique directions, the midpoint of the first saw teeth is taken as a boundary or the midpoint of the second saw teeth is taken as a boundary, and the two sides of the midpoint are symmetrical oblique teeth.
Fig. 2 shows a state when the support ring is not opened, when the expansion rubber cylinder 2 expands by high-pressure liquid, the thin-wall metal tube 3 expands together with the upper support ring and the lower support ring, the diameter of the support ring is increased, as shown in fig. 3, as the inner diameter-changing ring and the outer diameter-changing ring are distributed with teeth with a certain inclination to be meshed together, the inner diameter-changing ring is pushed to be meshed with the outer teeth by the expanding force of the inner diameter-changing ring 7, the diameter of the support ring can only be increased and cannot be contracted, namely, once the expansion is carried out, the support ring cannot be retracted, and thus the self-locking function is realized.
In order to limit the expanded thin-wall metal tube 3 and prevent the same from moving up and down along a shaft, the thin-wall metal tube 3 needs to be limited in the axial direction, so that a plurality of rivets 9 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer reducing ring 8 at intervals, the thin-wall metal tube 3 is embedded into a well wall through the rivets 9 after the supporting ring is expanded, the vertical movement of the thin-wall metal tube 3 is limited, and the axial direction and the radial direction of the thin-wall metal tube 3 at the moment are limited and well-fixed.
The rivets 9 shown in figures 2 and 3, it can be seen that each rivet 9 is provided with barbs which are designed to guide the support ring into the target wellbore wall, the barbs preventing the support ring from backing out, i.e. further ensuring that the support ring is firmly embedded in the target wellbore wall.
Referring to fig. 1, the outer tube wall of the central tube 1 is sleeved with at least two sealing elements, namely an upper sealing element 10 positioned at the top and a lower sealing element 11 positioned at the bottom, wherein the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element 10 and the lower sealing element 11 are respectively clung to the outer tube wall of the central tube 1, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element 10 and the lower sealing element 11 are respectively clung to the inner tube wall of the expansion rubber tube 2.
The high-pressure liquid enters the annular cavity of the central tube 1 and the expansion rubber cylinder 2 through the liquid inlet 4, and the high-pressure liquid in the annular cavity can accumulate and maintain pressure due to the sealing of the two sealing pieces, so that the expansion rubber cylinder 2 can be pushed, the pressure release in advance is avoided, and the expansion effect of the expansion rubber cylinder 2 is influenced.
The upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder 2 are respectively sleeved with an annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and an annular rubber cylinder base 13, wherein the inner circumferential surfaces of the annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and the annular rubber cylinder base 13 are tightly attached to the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder 2, and the thin-wall metal tube 3 is clamped between the lower annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and the upper annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder base 13.
The annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and the annular rubber cylinder base 13 can provide a seat body for the expansion rubber cylinder 2, and simultaneously play a limiting role on the thin-wall metal tube 3, avoid slipping under a normal state, and ensure that the thin-wall metal tube 3 can be smoothly embedded into a target wellbore wall when being pushed.
In the well drilling and well cementation process, stratum leakage is in an open hole section, and the change range of the diameter size of the open hole section at the leakage position is large due to different hole diameter expansion rates.
Third embodiment
The embodiment protects a stepless reducing plugging method, at least comprising a stepless reducing plugging device, specifically comprising the following steps:
acquiring a target leakage point;
lowering the stepless reducing plugging device into the target well;
starting a ground pump truck, and pumping high-pressure liquid into the stepless variable-diameter plugging device;
high-pressure liquid is input into the central tube and is discharged into the annular cavity of the central tube and the expansion rubber cylinder through the liquid inlet hole;
the expansion rubber cylinder expands and extrudes the thin-wall metal tube, and the thin-wall metal tube expands;
continuously pumping high-pressure liquid until the support ring is spread and embedded into the wall of the target wellbore;
stopping the pump for pressure relief, contracting the expansion rubber cylinder, and repairing and plugging the target leakage point by the thin-wall metal pipe and separating from the expansion rubber cylinder;
lifting the pipe column to lift the stepless reducing plugging device.
The thin-wall metal pipe expands, continuously pumps high-pressure liquid, and the support ring is spread and embedded into the wall of the target well bore, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the thin-wall metal tube expands, and the upper support ring and the lower support ring are opened at the same time;
the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring of each supporting ring are synchronously reduced and spread;
stabilizing the pressure for 5-10 minutes, so that the rivet of the outer reducing ring is wedged into the wall of the target wellbore.
Stepless reducing plugging device, its characterized in that: the device comprises three concentric hollow tubular columns which are sleeved concentrically, wherein a central tube 1, an expansion rubber cylinder 2 and a thin-wall metal tube 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets 4 are formed in the tube wall of the central tube 1, the axial center line of each liquid inlet 4 is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central tube 1, and at least one variable-diameter self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer tube wall of the thin-wall metal tube 3;
the annular space at the end part of any two adjacent tubular columns in the three tubular columns is sealed and closed.
The outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe 3 is sleeved with two supporting rings, namely an upper supporting ring 5 and a lower supporting ring 6, wherein the upper supporting ring 5 is close to the upper end part of the thin-wall metal pipe 3, and the lower supporting ring 6 is close to the lower end part of the thin-wall metal pipe 3.
The supporting ring has the same structure, comprises an inner reducing ring 7 and an outer reducing ring 8 which can synchronously reduce, wherein the outer reducing ring 8 is a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of first arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces are connected or separated, and first saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner cambered surface of each first arc-shaped piece; the inner reducing ring 7 is a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of second arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent second arc-shaped pieces are connected or spaced, and second saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer cambered surface of each second arc-shaped piece;
the second serrations of the inner reducing ring 7 engage the first serrations of the outer reducing ring 8.
The inner reducing ring 7 is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four first arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, and the outer reducing ring 8 is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four second arc-shaped pieces at uniform intervals, wherein each second arc-shaped piece faces to the interval of two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces, and second saw teeth of each second arc-shaped piece are simultaneously meshed with first saw teeth of the two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces which face to each second saw tooth.
The first saw teeth and the second saw teeth are oblique teeth which are obliquely arranged, the same first arc-shaped piece or the same second arc-shaped piece is provided with saw teeth in two oblique directions, the midpoint of the first saw teeth is taken as a boundary or the midpoint of the second saw teeth is taken as a boundary, and the two sides of the midpoint are symmetrical oblique teeth.
A plurality of rivets 9 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer reducing ring 8 at intervals.
The outer pipe wall of the central pipe 1 is sleeved with at least two sealing elements, namely an upper sealing element 10 positioned at the top and a lower sealing element 11 positioned at the bottom, wherein the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element 10 and the lower sealing element 11 are respectively clung to the outer pipe wall of the central pipe 1, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element 10 and the lower sealing element 11 are respectively clung to the inner pipe wall of the expansion rubber cylinder 2.
The upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder 2 are respectively sleeved with an annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and an annular rubber cylinder base 13, wherein the inner circumferential surfaces of the annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and the annular rubber cylinder base 13 are tightly attached to the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder 2, and the thin-wall metal tube 3 is clamped between the lower annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder top seat 12 and the upper annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder base 13.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of carrying out the invention and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A stepless reducing plugging device is characterized in that: the device comprises three hollow tubular columns which are concentrically sleeved, wherein a central tube (1), an expansion rubber cylinder (2) and a thin-wall metal tube (3) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a plurality of liquid inlets (4) are formed in the wall of the central tube (1), the axial center line of each liquid inlet (4) is perpendicular to the axial center line of the central tube (1), and at least one variable-diameter self-locking support ring is sleeved on the outer tube wall of the thin-wall metal tube (3);
the support ring comprises an inner diameter-variable ring (7) and an outer diameter-variable ring (8) which can synchronously change diameters;
a plurality of rivets (9) are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the outer reducing ring (8) at intervals;
the outer reducing ring (8) is of a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of first arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces are connected or separated, and first saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner cambered surface of each first arc-shaped piece; the inner reducing ring (7) is of a circular ring structure formed by assembling a plurality of second arc-shaped pieces, two adjacent second arc-shaped pieces are connected or separated, and second saw teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer cambered surface of each second arc-shaped piece;
the second saw teeth of the inner reducing ring (7) are meshed with the first saw teeth of the outer reducing ring (8);
the first saw teeth and the second saw teeth are oblique teeth which are obliquely arranged, the same first arc-shaped piece or the same second arc-shaped piece is provided with saw teeth in two oblique directions, the midpoint of the first saw teeth is taken as a boundary or the midpoint of the second saw teeth is taken as a boundary, and the two sides of the midpoint are symmetrical oblique teeth;
the annular space at the end part of any two adjacent tubular columns in the three tubular columns is sealed and closed.
2. The stepless reducing plugging device of claim 1, wherein: the outer pipe wall of the thin-wall metal pipe (3) is sleeved with two supporting rings with the same structure, namely an upper supporting ring (5) and a lower supporting ring (6), wherein the upper supporting ring (5) is close to the upper end part of the thin-wall metal pipe (3), and the lower supporting ring (6) is close to the lower end part of the thin-wall metal pipe (3).
3. The stepless reducing plugging device of claim 1, wherein: the inner reducing ring (7) is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four first arc-shaped pieces at equal intervals, the outer reducing ring (8) is of a circular ring structure formed by splicing four second arc-shaped pieces at equal intervals, each second arc-shaped piece faces to the interval of two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces, and second saw teeth of each second arc-shaped piece are simultaneously meshed with first saw teeth of the two adjacent first arc-shaped pieces which face to each second saw tooth.
4. The stepless reducing plugging device of claim 1, wherein: the outer pipe wall of the central pipe (1) is sleeved with at least two sealing elements, namely an upper sealing element (10) positioned at the top and a lower sealing element (11) positioned at the bottom, wherein the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element (10) and the lower sealing element (11) are tightly attached to the outer pipe wall of the central pipe (1), and the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper sealing element (10) and the lower sealing element (11) are tightly attached to the inner pipe wall of the expansion rubber cylinder (2).
5. The stepless diameter-changing plugging device according to claim 4, wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder (2) are respectively sleeved with an annular rubber cylinder top seat (12) and an annular rubber cylinder base (13), wherein the inner circumferential surfaces of the annular rubber cylinder top seat (12) and the annular rubber cylinder base (13) are tightly attached to the outer cylinder wall of the expansion rubber cylinder (2), and the thin-wall metal pipe (3) is clamped between the lower annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder top seat (12) and the upper annular end surface of the annular rubber cylinder base (13).
6. A stepless reducing plugging method, characterized by comprising at least a stepless reducing plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, specifically comprising:
acquiring a target leakage point;
lowering the stepless reducing plugging device into the target well;
starting a ground pump truck, and pumping high-pressure liquid into the stepless variable-diameter plugging device;
high-pressure liquid is input into the central tube and is discharged into the annular cavity of the central tube and the expansion rubber cylinder through the liquid inlet hole;
the expansion rubber cylinder expands and extrudes the thin-wall metal tube, and the thin-wall metal tube expands;
continuously pumping high-pressure liquid until the support ring is spread and embedded into the wall of the target wellbore;
stopping the pump for pressure relief, contracting the expansion rubber cylinder, and repairing and plugging the target leakage point by the thin-wall metal pipe and separating from the expansion rubber cylinder;
lifting the pipe column to lift the stepless reducing plugging device.
7. The stepless diameter-changing plugging method according to claim 6, wherein the thin-wall metal pipe is expanded, high-pressure liquid is continuously pumped, and the support ring is expanded and embedded into the wall of the target well bore, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the thin-wall metal tube expands, and the upper support ring and the lower support ring are opened at the same time;
the inner reducing ring and the outer reducing ring of each supporting ring are synchronously reduced and spread;
stabilizing the pressure for 5-10 minutes, so that the rivet of the outer reducing ring is wedged into the wall of the target wellbore.
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| CN202110318037.9A CN115126438B (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2021-03-25 | Stepless reducing plugging device and method thereof |
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| CN115126438A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
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