CN102071900A - Custom-pressure expandable naked eye packer - Google Patents
Custom-pressure expandable naked eye packer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071900A CN102071900A CN2010105661125A CN201010566112A CN102071900A CN 102071900 A CN102071900 A CN 102071900A CN 2010105661125 A CN2010105661125 A CN 2010105661125A CN 201010566112 A CN201010566112 A CN 201010566112A CN 102071900 A CN102071900 A CN 102071900A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a custom-pressure expandable naked eye packer applied to the technical field of fracture and acidulation oil and gas wells. The lower end of an upper joint is connected with a central tube; the lower end of the central tube is connected with a lower joint, a sealing mechanism is sleeved on the central tube; in the sealing mechanism, an upper connector and a lower connector are respectively vulcanized on the inner walls of both ends of a rubber tube; in a setting mechanism: an upper circular hook cap is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the upper joint; the lower end of the upper circular hook cap is connected with the upper end of a hydraulic cylinder; a circular space between the hydraulic cylinder and the central tube is internally provided with a circular limit ring and a circular setting piston; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with an overdraught cap and provided with a uniflow valve; in a decapsulating mechanism, the inner wall of the lower end of a pushing cap is sleeved on the central tube, and the lower end thread of the pushing cap is connected with a lower circular hook cap; and the inner wall of the lower circular hook cap is sleeved on the central tube and fixed with the central tube through a decapsulating pin. The invention has the advantages of meeting the modification requirements of the naked eye oil and gas well on monolayer fracturing and acidified delamination, preventing the rubber tube from expanding unlimitedly in the naked eye and taking the action of protecting the rubber tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas wells in oil fields pressure break, acidifying technical field, particularly a kind of bore hole packing special tool is a kind of pressure expanding open hole packer of making by oneself.Adopt the oil pipe G.I.H, be applicable to the packer of 152.4mm open hole well.
Background technology
In the oil gas separate stratum fracfturing, packer is one of requisite special tool in down-hole, packer can be under bore hole oil gas well high pressure, high temperature operate as normal, be the key that guarantees the construction of bore hole well fracturing.Find that in use when bore hole oil gas well was carried out separate stratum fracfturing, all there are the following problems in various degree for inflatable packer: the one, because of the tubing pressure fluctuation cause set unreliable; The 2nd, be difficult to reach the purpose of effective packing because of the bore hole hole anomaly; The 3rd, tubing pressure is too high during because of pressing crack construction, and packing element is expanded excessive and gone to pot.
Chinese patent publication number: CN2651433Y provides " a kind of minor diameter expanding water filling casing deformation well packer ".Top connection is threaded with central tube, adapter sleeve is threaded with last glue tube base, one way valve is threaded with this adapter sleeve, packing element one end is threaded with last glue tube base, the other end is threaded with the lower rubber cylinder seat, and seat envelope piston and excessive cylinder sleeve are slidingly connected, and this excessive cylinder sleeve and lower contact are slidingly connected, this lower contact is threaded with central tube, and the deblocking pin is fixedlyed connected with excessive cylinder sleeve.Adopt vertically compression and radial dilatation dual mode to expand packing element simultaneously.Principle and using method: after the G.I.H predetermined work degree of depth, in oil pipe, pump into clear water by ground, water is entered in the one way valve by central tube, enters in the packing element again, and packing element is expanded under the fluid pressure differential effect, water is entered in the sap cavity by the central tube lower end simultaneously, the promotion piston head is up, and piston head is up by deblocking pin pulling lock tube, to assigned address, at this moment packing element continues the envelope that expands under differential pressure action.When ground stopped water filling, hydraulic pressure lowered in the oil pipe, at this moment closed check valve.Water is closed in the packing element, finishes the seat envelope.When end-of-job, when needing use deblocking, upwards carry tubing string, cut off the deblocking pinning, liquid promotes piston head and moves down in the packing element, cross lower joint sleeve after, the interior liquid of packing element flows back in the oil pipe, packing element shrinks under differential pressure action, finishes deblocking.The limiting structure owing to do not expand, liquid does not stop to enter in central tube, and packing element does not stop expansion and expands, and can burst packing element, causes the failure of seat envelope.Especially when the nonstandard open-hole applications of borehole diameter, be easy to take place packing element and burst the failure of seat envelope.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of pressure expanding open hole packer of making by oneself is provided, is used for open hole well separate stratum fracfturing downhole packing.Utilize one way valve, packing element inner chamber highly pressurised liquid can not flow backwards, packer keeps the stabilized seal state; Adopt spacing ring shutoff inlet opening, packing element is expanded reach limit diameter after, liquid can't enter the packing element inner chamber, avoids packing element unrestrictedly to expand, and plays the effect of protection packing element.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: make the pressure expanding open hole packer by oneself, mainly by top connection, setting mechanism, sealing mechanism, separate sealing mechanism, central tube and lower contact and form.It is characterized in that: there is internal thread the lower end in top connection, and top connection lower end internal thread connects a central tube; The lower contact that is threaded of the lower end of central tube.On central tube, be with sealing mechanism.
Sealing mechanism mainly is made up of upper pressing cap, last connector, packing element, lower pressing cap and following connector.Last connector and following connector vulcanize respectively on the inwall of packing element two ends; The upper pressing cap internal thread links to each other with last connector upper external screw thread, and upper pressing cap lower end annular jacket casing is on the outer wall of packing element upper end; The lower pressing cap internal thread is connected with following attachment cap internal thread, and the lower pressing cap upper end is enclosed within on the outer wall of packing element lower end; Last connector, packing element and following connector are enclosed within on the outer wall of central tube, last connector, packing element with under be connected physical efficiency and on central tube, slide, and keep certain interval with the central tube outer wall.
Setting mechanism mainly by last loop-hook cap, spacing ring, set shear pin, set piston, fluid cylinder and one way valve form.Last loop-hook cap sleeve is on the outer wall of the lower end of top connection, there is the ring-shaped step of projection radially outward top connection outer wall lower end, there is radially inwardly protruded ring-shaped step last loop-hook cap inwall upper end, when last loop-hook cap to lower slider, and after last loop-hook cap end ring shape step touched top connection lower end ring-shaped step, last loop-hook cap can not continue to slide.The lower end internal thread of last loop-hook cap connects the fluid cylinder upper end; Form annular space between fluid cylinder inwall and the central tube outer wall; There are annular stop ring and annular to set piston in the annular space between fluid cylinder and central tube; The spacing ring upper end is fixed together by screw thread and fluid cylinder, and the lower end of spacing ring sets piston by setting the shear pin connection, and setting has the ring packing space between piston and the central tube; Inlet opening is arranged on central tube, inlet opening makes ring packing space and central tube UNICOM, the interior liquid of central tube can enter in the ring packing space by inlet opening, and a promotion seat envelope piston is cut off and set shear pin, and seat seals in the annular space of piston between fluid cylinder and central tube to lower slider.There is external screw thread the fluid cylinder lower end, and fluid cylinder is connected with upper pressing cap upper end annular canister by external screw thread, in the lower end of fluid cylinder ball-and-seat is arranged; When seat envelope piston after lower slider, the high pressure liquid physical efficiency enters in the slit between packing element and the central tube by ball-and-seat, makes the packing element seat envelope that expands.
Ball-and-seat is made up of steel ball, spring and valve seat, there is axial hole lower end at fluid cylinder, the axial hole upper end is by the annular space UNICOM between aperture and fluid cylinder and the central tube, steel ball and compression spring are arranged in axial hole, end thread at axial hole is fixed with valve seat, the valve seat holddown spring has liquid to pass through the hole on the valve seat.
For the sealing between spacing ring and the central tube, on the inwall of spacing ring, sealing ring is arranged; In order to improve the sealing of spacing ring and fluid cylinder, on the outer wall of spacing ring, sealing ring is arranged; In order to improve the sealing that sets piston, piston packing is arranged setting on the inwall of piston and set on the outer wall of piston respectively.In order to improve the sealing between fluid cylinder and the central tube, on the fluid cylinder inwall, sealing ring is arranged; Between fluid cylinder and upper pressing cap, sealing ring is arranged.
For seat seals piston after lower slider, the high pressure liquid physical efficiency arrives a seat envelope lower part of piston, and being present, it is porose to seal on the piston wall; And the fluid cylinder of seat envelope piston bottom and the width of the annular space between the central tube are greater than the annular space width on seat envelope piston top; An annular protrusion is arranged setting on the lower plane of piston.
Separating sealing mechanism mainly is made up of lower pressing cap, deblocking pin, following hook cap.The lower end inner wall sleeve of lower pressing cap is on central tube, and outer wall has screw thread in the lower end of lower pressing cap, the lower pressing cap lower end loop-hook cap that is threaded down; Following loop-hook cap inner wall sleeve on central tube, and down between loop-hook cap and the central tube by the deblocking dowel fixes; Between the lower surface of following loop-hook cap and the lower contact upper surface distance is arranged, after the deblocking pin was cut off, following loop-hook cap can be to lower slider; The central tube external diameter of deblocking pin bottom is less than the external diameter of deblocking pin central upper portion pipe, and loop-hook cap and lower pressing cap are when lower slider instantly, and liquid can flow out.
The operating principle of pressing expanding open hole packer is made in summary by oneself.Consult Fig. 1.This packer adopts hydraulic setting and upper lifting pipe post deblocking working method.This packer is connected on the oil pipe, is lowered in the uncased wellbore, from the well head pitching, fluid pressure raises in the oil pipe.
At first, highly pressurised liquid enters the annular space that sets between piston 7 and the central tube 3 from inlet opening 21, pressure raises to cut off and sets shear pin 5, set piston 7 to lower slider, highly pressurised liquid enters into and sets piston 7 bottoms, pushes the steel ball 10 of one way valve open, and highly pressurised liquid enters packing element 15 inner chambers, packing element 15 is expanded to the open hole well inwall, realizes the packing of annular space.Secondly, when packing element 15 was expanded to certain size, it was descending to drive fluid cylinder 8, last loop-hook cap 2 and spacing ring 4, and spacing ring 4 comes downwards to the inlet opening 21 on the central tube 3, and shutoff inlet opening 21; Central tube inner high voltage liquid can't enter packing element 15 inner chambers again, plays the effect of protection packing element 15.After central tube 3 internal pressures descended, because the one way valve effect, packing element 15 inner chamber highly pressurised liquids can not flow out, even the tubing pressure change, packer can also keep sealing state.After packer setting is finished, can carry out the wellfracturing construction operation.
Consult Fig. 2.After pressing crack construction was finished, when needing the packer deblocking, the moving central tube 4 of upper lifting pipe cornice moved upward; Rely on the frictional force between the packing element 15 and the borehole wall, central tube 4 and packing element 15 are relatively moved, and deblocking pin 18 is cut off, and the highly pressurised liquid of packing element 15 inner chambers is from the lower end outflow of loop-hook cap 19 down, packing element 15 external diameters shrink, and packing element 15 breaks away from the borehole wall and realizes the packer deblocking.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention makes the pressure expanding open hole packer by oneself, can realize the packing of annular space, enough satisfies the requirement of bore hole oil gas well individual layer pressure break, acidifying separate zone stimulation.
One, not only can satisfy the requirement of bore hole oil gas well individual layer pressure break, acidifying separate zone stimulation, and can satisfy a separate stratum fracfturing multilayer of fixed tubular column construction requirement, reduce the cost that multi-section multi-layer is transformed.Two, spacing ring makes this packer have the advantages that the self-protection packing element prevents parectasis; when packing element is expanded to certain size and since the spacing ring shutoff inlet opening, oil pipe inner high voltage liquid can't enter the packing element inner chamber again; avoid packing element unrestrictedly to expand, play the effect of protection packing element in bore hole.Three, one way valve improves the sealing stability of this packer, the characteristics that not influenced by the tubing pressure fluctuation, compare with traditional inflatable packer, behind this packer setting, because the effect of one way valve, even the tubing pressure change, packing element inner chamber highly pressurised liquid can not flow out, and packer can also keep the stabilized seal state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention makes pressure expanding open hole packer the first half structural profile schematic diagram by oneself.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention makes pressure expanding open hole packer the latter half structural profile schematic diagram by oneself.
Among the figure, 1. top connection is 2. gone up the loop-hook cap, 3. central tube, 4. spacing ring 5. sets shear pin, and 6. piston packing 7. sets piston, 8. fluid cylinder, 9. sealing ring, 10. steel ball, 11. springs, 12. valve seat, 13. upper pressing caps, connector on 14., 15. packing elements, 16. lower pressing cap, 17. times connectors, 18. deblocking pins, 19. times loop-hook caps, 20. lower contact, 21. inlet openings, 22. annular protrusions.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: with one be applied to hole diameter be making by oneself of 152.4mm open hole well to press expanding open hole packer be example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Consult Fig. 1.Make the pressure expanding open hole packer by oneself, mainly by top connection 1, setting mechanism, sealing mechanism, separate sealing mechanism, central tube 3 and lower contact 20 and form.There is internal thread lower end in top connection 1, and top connection 1 lower end internal thread connects a central tube 3; The lower contact 20 that is threaded of the lower end of central tube 3.On central tube 3, be with sealing mechanism.Central tube 3 internal diameter 60mm.
Sealing mechanism mainly is made up of upper pressing cap 13, last connector 14, packing element 15, lower pressing cap 16 and following connector 17.Packing element 15 external diameter 146mm.Last connector 14 and following connector 17 vulcanize respectively on packing element 15 two ends inwalls; The internal thread at upper pressing cap 13 middle parts links to each other with last connector 14 upper external screw threads, and upper pressing cap 13 lower ends annular jacket casing is on packing element 15 upper end outer walls; Lower pressing cap 16 internal threads are connected with the internal thread at following attachment cap 17 middle parts, and lower pressing cap 16 upper ends are enclosed within on the packing element 15 lower end outer walls; Last connector 14, packing element 15 and following connector 17 are enclosed within on the outer wall of central tube 3.
Setting mechanism mainly by last loop-hook cap 2, spacing ring 4, set shear pin 5, set piston 7, fluid cylinder 8 and one way valve form.Last loop-hook cap 2 is enclosed within on the lower end outer wall of top connection 1, and there is the ring-shaped step of projection radially outward top connection 1 outer wall lower end, and there is radially inwardly protruded ring-shaped step last loop-hook cap 2 inwalls upper end.The lower end internal thread of last loop-hook cap 2 connects fluid cylinder 8 upper ends; Form annular space between fluid cylinder 8 inwalls and central tube 3 outer walls, the lower end inner wall sleeve of fluid cylinder 8 has two seals circle 9 on fluid cylinder 8 inwalls on central tube 3.There are an annular stop ring 4 and an annular to set piston 7 in the annular space between fluid cylinder 8 and central tube 3; On the inwall of spacing ring 4, sealing ring is arranged.On the outer wall of spacing ring 4, sealing ring is arranged.On the inwall that sets piston 7 with on the outer wall that sets piston 7 piston packing 6 is being arranged respectively.Spacing ring 4 upper ends are fixed together by screw thread and fluid cylinder 8, and the lower end of spacing ring 4 sets piston 7 by setting shear pin 5 connections, and setting shear pin 5 has four and evenly distribution.Set a ring packing space is arranged between piston 7 and the central tube 3; Be symmetrically distributed with two inlet openings 21 on central tube 3, inlet opening 21 makes ring packing space and central tube 3 UNICOMs.There is external screw thread fluid cylinder 8 lower ends, and fluid cylinder 8 is connected with upper pressing cap 13 upper end annular canister by external screw thread, between fluid cylinder 8 and upper pressing cap 13 sealing ring 9 is arranged.Be symmetrically distributed with two ball-and-seats in the lower end of fluid cylinder 8.
Ball-and-seat is made up of steel ball 10, spring 11 and valve seat 12, there is axial hole lower end at fluid cylinder 8, the axial hole upper end is by the annular space UNICOM between aperture and fluid cylinder 8 and the central tube 3, steel ball 10 and compression spring 11 are arranged in axial hole, end thread at axial hole is fixed with valve seat 12, valve seat 12 holddown springs 11 have liquid to pass through the hole on the valve seat 12.
Porose on present envelope piston 7 walls; And the fluid cylinder 8 of seat envelope piston 7 bottoms and the width of the annular space between the central tube 3 seal 3 millimeters of the annular space width on piston 7 tops greater than seat; The annular protrusion 22 that on the lower plane that sets piston 7 height to be arranged be 5mm.Annular protrusion 22 can not stop up the aperture of one way valve.Hole diameter 5mm.
Consult Fig. 2.Separating sealing mechanism mainly is made up of lower pressing cap 16, deblocking pin 18, following hook cap 19.The lower end inner wall sleeve of lower pressing cap 16 is on central tube 3, and outer wall has screw thread in the lower end of lower pressing cap 16, the lower pressing cap 16 lower ends loop-hook cap 19 that is threaded down; Following loop-hook cap 19 inner wall sleeves and are fixed by equally distributed four deblocking pins 18 between loop-hook cap 19 and the central tube 3 down on central tube 3; The distance that 200mm is arranged between the lower surface of following loop-hook cap 19 and lower contact 20 upper surfaces.After this distance should make down the loop-hook cap slide into lower contact 20 upper surfaces for 19 times, the liquid in the packing element 15 can flow out between lower pressing cap 16 and central tube outer wall.
Claims (4)
1. make the pressure expanding open hole packer by oneself for one kind, mainly by top connection (1), setting mechanism, sealing mechanism, separate sealing mechanism, central tube (3) and lower contact (20) and form; It is characterized in that: there is internal thread the lower end in top connection (1), and top connection (1) lower end internal thread connects a central tube (3); The lower contact (20) that is threaded of the lower end of central tube (3) is with sealing mechanism on central tube (3);
Sealing mechanism mainly is made up of upper pressing cap (13), last connector (14), packing element (15), lower pressing cap (16) and following connector (17), and last connector (14) and following connector (17) vulcanize respectively on the inwall of packing element (15) two ends; Upper pressing cap (13) internal thread links to each other with last connector (14) upper external screw thread, and upper pressing cap (13) lower end annular jacket casing is on the outer wall of packing element (15) upper end; Lower pressing cap (16) internal thread is connected with following attachment cap (17) internal thread, and lower pressing cap (16) upper end is enclosed within on the outer wall of packing element (15) lower end; Last connector (14), packing element (15) and following connector (17) are enclosed within on the outer wall of central tube (3);
Setting mechanism mainly by last loop-hook cap (2), spacing ring (4), set shear pin (5), set piston (7), fluid cylinder (8) and one way valve form, last loop-hook cap (2) is enclosed within on the lower end outer wall of top connection (1), there is the ring-shaped step of projection radially outward top connection (1) outer wall lower end, and there is radially inwardly protruded ring-shaped step last loop-hook cap (2) inwall upper end; The lower end internal thread of last loop-hook cap (2) connects fluid cylinder (8) upper end; Form annular space between fluid cylinder (8) inwall and central tube (3) outer wall; There are annular stop ring (4) and annular to set piston (7) in the annular space between fluid cylinder (8) and central tube (3); Spacing ring (4) upper end is fixed together by screw thread and fluid cylinder (8), and the lower end of spacing ring (4) sets piston (7) by setting shear pin (5) connection, and setting between piston (7) and the central tube (3) has the ring packing space; Inlet opening (21) is arranged on central tube (3), and inlet opening (21) makes ring packing space and central tube (3) UNICOM; There is external screw thread fluid cylinder (8) lower end, and fluid cylinder (8) is connected with upper pressing cap (13) upper end annular canister by external screw thread, in the lower end of fluid cylinder (8) ball-and-seat is arranged;
Separating sealing mechanism mainly is made up of lower pressing cap (16), deblocking pin (18), following hook cap (19), the lower end inner wall sleeve of lower pressing cap (16) is on central tube (3), lower end outer wall at lower pressing cap (16) has screw thread, lower pressing cap (16) the lower end loop-hook cap (19) that is threaded down; Following loop-hook cap (19) inner wall sleeve is on central tube (3), and it is fixing to pass through deblocking pin (18) between following loop-hook cap (19) and the central tube (3); Between the lower surface of following loop-hook cap (19) and lower contact (20) upper surface distance is arranged.
2. the pressure expanding open hole packer of making by oneself according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: ball-and-seat is made up of steel ball (10), spring (11) and valve seat (12), there is axial hole lower end at fluid cylinder (8), the axial hole upper end is by the annular space UNICOM between aperture and fluid cylinder (8) and the central tube (3), steel ball (10) and compression spring (11) are arranged in axial hole, end thread at axial hole is fixed with valve seat (12), valve seat (12) holddown spring (11), valve seat has liquid to pass through the hole on (12).
3. the pressure expanding open hole packer of making by oneself according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the inwall of spacing ring (4) sealing ring is arranged; On the outer wall of spacing ring (4), sealing ring is arranged; On the inwall that sets piston (7) with on the outer wall that sets piston (7) piston packing (6) is being arranged respectively; On fluid cylinder (8) inwall, sealing ring (9) is arranged; Between fluid cylinder (8) and upper pressing cap (13), sealing ring (9) is arranged.
4. according to claim 1, the 2 or 3 described pressure expanding open hole packers of making by oneself, it is characterized in that: porose on present envelope piston (7) wall; And the fluid cylinder (8) of seat envelope piston (7) bottom and the width of the annular space between the central tube (3) seal the annular space width on piston (7) top greater than seat; An annular protrusion (22) is arranged on the lower plane that sets piston (7).
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CN 201010566112 CN102071900B (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2010-11-23 | Custom-pressure expandable naked eye packer |
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