CN115125473A - Seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115125473A CN115125473A CN202210677629.4A CN202210677629A CN115125473A CN 115125473 A CN115125473 A CN 115125473A CN 202210677629 A CN202210677629 A CN 202210677629A CN 115125473 A CN115125473 A CN 115125473A
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001085205 Prenanthella exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of corrosion prevention of marine equipment, in particular to a seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating comprises a metal composite coating, and cladding materials used by the metal composite coating comprise, by mass, 50% -70% of nickel, 15% -20% of chromium, 5% -10% of molybdenum, 2% -5% of tungsten and 5% -20% of tungsten carbide. The Cr powder is added into the metal coating powder, so that the metal coating powder can play a role in solid solution strengthening, the strength of the coating is improved, an oxide film formed by Cr in seawater can block the further erosion of Cl < - >, and the addition of a small amount of Mo powder can not only achieve the role in solid solution strengthening, but also improve the pitting resistance of the coating. The addition of the high-melting-point element W can be precipitated as nucleation particles first, thereby refining the grains. By adding WC reinforced particles into the NiCrMoW matrix phase, the addition amount of Ni powder can be reduced, the strength and the corrosion resistance of the coating are improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of corrosion prevention of marine equipment, in particular to a seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The most widely used materials in various industries are still steel materials, and low-carbon steel is widely applied to the preparation of the boat body of the mechanized fishing boat and parts thereof due to high strength and low price. However, the workpieces are often subjected to serious corrosion problems, and when sea waves collide with each other and a large amount of seawater foam generated by slapping the coast is scraped by airflow, suspended liquid drops with sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and the like float in the air and fall on the ship body and parts along with wind. Containing a large amount of Cl - Because of small radius and high activity, the oxide film of the steel member is easy to damage, thereby causing the material to lose efficacy. According to statistics, the loss of metal materials caused by seawater corrosion accounts for 40 percent of the total loss of metal corrosion in China every year, and is as high as 4000 ten thousand tons.
In order to protect coastal metal piece products, a metal coating protection method is adopted. Puyan and the like prepare Ni-P plating on the surface of low-carbon steel, and find that the excellent seawater corrosion resistance of the Ni-P plating originates from the generation of a compact oxide film on the surface of the plating. Warp beamAfter the heat treatment, the structure is refined, and the corrosion resistance is further improved. Although the coating prepared by the electroplating method has good forming effect and high bonding strength with a substrate, a large amount of polluting gas can be generated in the preparation process of the coating, and in addition, the electroplating process is slow, the power consumption is high, and the energy loss is serious. The method is characterized in that a beam bearing prepares Ni-Cr-Mo laser cladding layers with different Cr contents on a Q235 steel plate, and after seawater corrosion is simulated, Cr improves the self-corrosion potential of the cladding layers but cannot overcome Cl - The caused pitting corrosion, and the cladding layer is easy to damage after the pitting corrosion.
The plasma cladding has the characteristics of high energy, low dilution rate, capability of forming metallurgical bonding between the coating and the matrix, capability of selecting proper cladding metal powder according to the performance requirement of the component, and the like. At present, iron-based, nickel-based, cobalt-based and other wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating powders are most widely applied in the field of seawater corrosion protection. Compared with iron-based and cobalt-based alloys, the iron-based alloy has outstanding corrosion resistance and friction resistance, and is very easy to be subjected to Cl in marine environment - And fails by erosion. The cobalt-based alloy has high production cost and high price and is often used for manufacturing expensive parts or coatings of expensive components. The nickel-based alloy not only has excellent comprehensive performance, but also has the price far lower than that of the cobalt-based alloy. For some workpieces with extremely harsh service environments, single alloy powder cannot meet the service requirements, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy are further enhanced by adding hard ceramic phases such as WC, SiC, TiC and the like. The ceramic phase reinforced metal matrix composite material is widely applied to the field of surface engineering, so that the nickel-based coating has incomparable advantages in the field of low-carbon steel ship bodies and part protection.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating which has higher bonding strength and excellent seawater corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion resistance.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating, which has simple and convenient preparation process and is easy to adjust.
The scheme adopted by the invention for realizing one of the purposes is as follows: the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating comprises a metal composite coating, wherein a cladding material used by the metal composite coating comprises, by mass, 50% -70% of nickel, 15% -20% of chromium, 5% -10% of molybdenum, 2% -5% of tungsten and 5% -20% of tungsten carbide.
Preferably, the nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and tungsten carbide powder is micron-sized, wherein the particle size of the nickel, chromium and molybdenum powder is 30-70 μm, and the particle size of the tungsten and tungsten carbide powder is 10-30 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the composite coating is 500-1000 μm.
Preferably, the purity of the nickel is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the chromium is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the molybdenum is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the tungsten is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, and the purity of the tungsten carbide is more than or equal to 99.90 wt%.
The second scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: the preparation method of the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix treatment: carrying out decontamination treatment on a low-carbon steel matrix;
(2) uniformly mixing nickel, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten powder in a certain ratio, adding tungsten carbide, performing ball milling and drying to obtain mixed powder;
(3) performing coating preparation on the surface of a low-carbon steel substrate by using mixed powder as a raw material in a plasma cladding mode to obtain a metal composite coating;
(4) and polishing the prepared metal composite coating, uniformly coating a hole sealing agent on the surface, and coating finish paint to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating.
Preferably, in the step (2), the ball milling ball-to-material ratio is (8-10): 1, the ball milling speed is 400 and 500 rpm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the process parameters of the plasma cladding are as follows: 2-3L/min of ion gas flow, 8-9L/min of protective gas flow, 8-9L/min of powder feeding gas flow, 40-60g/min of powder feeding speed and 170-190A of cladding current.
Generally, argon is used as the ion gas, argon is used as the user protection gas, and argon is used as the powder feeding gas.
Preferably, in the step (4), the thickness of the sealant layer and the thickness of the finishing paint are both 10-50 μm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the sealant is Al 2 O 3 Hole sealing agent or vinyl resin, and the finish paint is polyurethane finish paint or epoxy finish paint.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the Cr powder is added into the metal coating powder, so that on one hand, the metal coating powder can play a role in solid solution strengthening and improve the strength of the coating, on the other hand, an oxide film formed by Cr in seawater can block the further erosion of Cl < - >, and the addition of a small amount of Mo powder can not only play a role in solid solution strengthening, but also improve the pitting resistance of the coating. The addition of the high melting point element W can be precipitated as nucleation particles to refine the crystal grains.
2. According to the invention, by adding the WC reinforced particles into the NiCrMoW matrix phase, compared with the situation that no reinforced phase is added, the addition of the WC reinforced particles can reduce the addition amount of Ni powder, thereby not only improving the strength and corrosion resistance of the coating, but also reducing the cost, and realizing the optimal wettability and technological performance by controlling the particle size of micron-sized powder.
3. The preparation method of the invention adopts the plasma cladding technology to control the heat input, and the Fe element in the matrix can diffuse into the coating, thereby ensuring that the matrix and the coating form good metallurgical bonding.
4. The seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating prepared by the invention has the corrosion potential of-0.2925V, the self-corrosion current density of 3.4934E-07 and the corrosion rate of 0.0041mm/a in a 3.5% NaCl simulated seawater solution, and compared with a matrix, the corrosion potential is improved by 0.6367V, and the corrosion rate is only 3.7% of the matrix.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a SEM microstructure of a NiCrMoW coating prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a NiCrMoW-WC coating prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a NiCrMoW-WC weld line produced in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the polarization of the coating prepared in example 1 in seawater.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention for better understanding, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the mass fraction of Ni is 63%, the mass fraction of Cr is 15%, the mass fraction of Mo is 5%, the mass fraction of W is 2%, and the mass fraction of WC is 15%. The grain diameter of Ni, Cr and Mo powder is 50-70 μm, and the grain diameter of W, WC powder is 20-30 μm.
The method for preparing the NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating on the Q235 low-carbon steel substrate by using a plasma cladding technology comprises the following steps:
step one, matrix treatment: and polishing the low-carbon steel substrate by using a grinder to remove a surface oxide layer, continuously polishing by using abrasive paper until the surface is smooth, and spraying, washing and drying by using a water gun. Before cladding, in order to improve the bonding strength of the coating and the matrix, the matrix is preheated to 300 ℃.
Step two, batching: the coating comprises the following components: nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and tungsten carbide. Wherein the elementary substance purity is Ni (99.95 wt%), Cr (99.95 wt%), Mo (99.95 wt%), W (99.95 wt%) and WC (99.9 wt%), Ni, Cr, Mo and W powder in a certain proportion are mixed, and WC with the mass fraction of 15% is added into the mixed powder.
Step three, ball milling: mixing and ball-milling the matrix powder and the reinforcement powder, wherein a 5mm grinding ball is adopted in the ball-milling process, and the material-ball ratio is 10: 1 is prepared by ball milling for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm and is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step four, plasma cladding: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a coating on the surface of a low-carbon steel matrix in a plasma cladding mode, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: the ionic gas flow is 3L/min, the protective gas flow is 9L/min, the powder feeding speed is 50g/min, and the cladding current is 180A.
Step five, sealing treatment: polishing and brightening the metal coating, placing the metal coating in an acetone solution, ultrasonically shaking and cleaning for 30min, and drying. Uniformly coating a layer of Al on the surface 2 O 3 And (4) coating a layer of polyurethane finish paint with the hole sealing agent to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant coating.The coating bonds well to the substrate.
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of the NiCrMoW coating prepared in this example, from which it can be seen that: in the solidification process, a high-melting point black blocky phase is taken as a nucleation mass point, and fine secondary dendrites are precipitated around the nucleation mass point, so that the structure is fine.
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a NiCrMoW-WC coating prepared for this example, from which it can be seen that: WC is added to change the structure and the appearance of the coating, a white precipitated phase in dendritic arrangement appears, the precipitated phase is spherical and punctiform (the diameter is 10-20 mu m), and fine secondary dendritic structures are precipitated around the precipitated phase.
FIG. 3 is a NiCrMoW-WC weld line mirror image with a scale of 50 μm, from which it can be seen that: a layer of bright white plane crystal structure is arranged between the coating and the substrate, and the plane crystal structure is a fusion line, which shows that the coating and the substrate form excellent metallurgical bonding and the bonding strength is high.
Cutting of the metal coating in example 1 by wire spark cutting
The seawater corrosion resistance of the cylindrical sample is researched, the top and the bottom of the sample are ground flat by using a grinder, a copper wire is welded at the bottom of the sample in a brazing mode, the solder is pure tin, denture powder, denture water and a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe are utilized to cold inlay the sample, the embedded powder is completely solidified after the sample is kept still for 10 hours, and the sample is polished smoothly and flatly for testing.
Before the experiment begins, the saturated calomel electrode is checked whether bubbles exist in the electrode, and the bubbles are discharged and filled with a saturated KCl solution. The sample is soaked in 3.5% NaCl solution for 20min, and the open-circuit potential is measured and should fluctuate within 50 mv. The polarization curve test adopts a potentiodynamic scanning method, the scanning potential is set to-1V-1V, the scanning speed is 0.5mV/s, and the polarization curve is shown in figure 4, which can be seen in the figure: the corrosion potential of the NiCrMoW composite coating in the 3.5 percent NaCl simulated seawater solution is-0.2899V, the self-corrosion current density is 7.7196E-07, the corrosion rate is 0.0091mm/a, and the corrosion rate is only 8.3 percent of that of the matrix. The NiCrMoW-WC composite coating has the corrosion potential of-0.2925V, the self-corrosion current density of 3.4934E-07 and the corrosion rate of 0.0041mm/a, and compared with a matrix, the corrosion potential is improved by 0.6367V, and the corrosion rate is only 3.7 percent of that of the matrix.
Example 2
The embodiment is a NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the mass fraction of Ni is 50%, the mass fraction of Cr is 20%, the mass fraction of Mo is 10%, the mass fraction of W is 5%, and the mass fraction of WC is 15%. The particle size of Ni, Cr and Mo powder is 50-70 μm, and the particle size of W, WC powder is 20-30 μm.
In the embodiment, a plasma cladding technology is utilized to prepare the NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating on a Q235 low carbon steel substrate, and specifically, the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, matrix treatment: and (3) polishing the low-carbon steel substrate by using a grinding machine to remove a surface oxide layer, continuously polishing the low-carbon steel substrate by using abrasive paper until the surface is smooth, and spraying, washing and drying the low-carbon steel substrate by using a water gun. Before cladding, in order to improve the bonding strength of the coating and the matrix, the matrix is preheated to 400 ℃.
Step two, batching: the coating comprises the following components: nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and tungsten carbide. Wherein the elementary substance purity is Ni (99.95 wt%), Cr (99.95 wt%), Mo (99.95 wt%), W (99.95 wt%) and WC (99.9 wt%), Ni, Cr, Mo and W powder in a certain proportion are mixed, and WC with the mass fraction of 15% is added into the mixed powder.
Step three, ball milling: mixing and ball-milling the matrix powder and the reinforcement powder, wherein a 5mm grinding ball is adopted in the ball-milling process, and the material-ball ratio is 10: 1 is prepared by ball milling for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 400rpm and is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step four, plasma cladding: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a coating on the surface of a low-carbon steel matrix in a plasma cladding mode, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: the ionic gas flow is 2L/min, the protective gas flow is 8L/min, the powder feeding speed is 40g/min, and the cladding current is 190A.
Step five, sealing treatment: polishing and brightening the metal coating, placing the metal coating in an acetone solution, ultrasonically shaking and cleaning for 30min, and drying. Uniformly coating a layer of Al on the surface 2 O 3 And coating a layer of polyurethane finish paint with the hole sealing agent to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant coating.
In the seawater corrosion resistant coating prepared in the embodiment, the corrosion potential of the NiCrMoW-WC composite coating in a 3.5% NaCl simulated seawater solution is-0.2842V, the self-corrosion current density is 6.0438E-07, the corrosion rate is 0.0071mm/a, and the corrosion rate is only 6.5% of the matrix.
Example 3
The embodiment is a NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the mass fraction of Ni is 70%, the mass fraction of Cr is 15%, the mass fraction of Mo is 5%, the mass fraction of W is 5%, and the mass fraction of WC is 5%. The particle size of Ni, Cr and Mo powder is 50-70 μm, and the particle size of W, WC powder is 20-30 μm.
In the embodiment, a plasma cladding technology is utilized to prepare the NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating on a Q235 low carbon steel substrate, and specifically, the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, matrix treatment: and polishing the low-carbon steel substrate by using a grinder to remove a surface oxide layer, continuously polishing by using abrasive paper until the surface is smooth, and spraying, washing and drying by using a water gun. Before cladding, in order to improve the bonding strength of the coating and the matrix, the matrix is preheated to 350 ℃.
Step two, batching: the coating comprises the following components: nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and tungsten carbide. Wherein the elementary substance purity is Ni (99.95 wt%), Cr (99.95 wt%), Mo (99.95 wt%), W (99.95 wt%) and WC (99.9 wt%), Ni, Cr, Mo and W powders are mixed according to a certain proportion, and WC with the mass fraction of 5% is added into the mixed powder.
Step three, ball milling: mixing and ball-milling the matrix powder and the reinforcement powder, wherein a 5mm grinding ball is adopted in the ball-milling process, and the material-ball ratio is 8: 1 is prepared by ball milling for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 500rpm and is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step four, plasma cladding: the coating preparation is carried out on the surface of the low carbon steel matrix by adopting a plasma cladding mode, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: the ionic gas flow is 3L/min, the protective gas flow is 9L/min, the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the cladding current is 170A.
Step five, sealing treatment: polishing and brightening the metal coating, placing the metal coating in an acetone solution, ultrasonically shaking and cleaning for 30min, and drying. Watch (CN)Uniformly coating a layer of Al on the surface 2 O 3 And coating a layer of polyurethane finish paint with the hole sealing agent to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant coating.
The seawater corrosion resistant coating prepared by the embodiment has the advantages that the corrosion potential of the NiCrMoW-WC composite coating in a 3.5% NaCl simulated seawater solution is-0.3592V, the self-corrosion current density is 8.5873E-07, and the corrosion rate is 0.011 mm/a.
Example 4
The embodiment relates to a NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the mass fraction of Ni is 55%, the mass fraction of Cr is 15%, the mass fraction of Mo is 5%, the mass fraction of W is 5%, and the mass fraction of WC is 20%. The grain diameter of Ni, Cr and Mo powder is 50-70 μm, and the grain diameter of W, WC powder is 20-30 μm.
In the embodiment, a plasma cladding technology is utilized to prepare the NiCrMoW-WC seawater corrosion resistant composite coating on a Q235 low carbon steel substrate, and specifically, the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, matrix treatment: and polishing the low-carbon steel substrate by using a grinder to remove a surface oxide layer, continuously polishing by using abrasive paper until the surface is smooth, and spraying, washing and drying by using a water gun. Before cladding, in order to improve the bonding strength of the coating and the matrix, the matrix is preheated to 350 ℃.
Step two, batching: the coating comprises the following components: nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and tungsten carbide. Wherein the elementary substance purity is Ni (99.95 wt%), Cr (99.95 wt%), Mo (99.95 wt%), W (99.95 wt%) and WC (99.9 wt%), Ni, Cr, Mo and W powders are mixed according to a certain proportion, and WC with the mass fraction of 5% is added into the mixed powder.
Step three, ball milling: mixing and ball-milling the matrix powder and the reinforcement powder, wherein a 5mm grinding ball is adopted in the ball-milling process, and the material-ball ratio is 9: 1 is prepared by ball milling for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 500rpm and is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step four, plasma cladding: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a coating on the surface of a low-carbon steel matrix in a plasma cladding mode, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: the ionic gas flow is 3L/min, the protective gas flow is 9L/min, the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the cladding current is 170A.
Step five, sealing treatment: polishing and brightening the metal coating, placing the metal coating in acetone solution for ultrasonic oscillation and cleaning for 30min, and drying. Uniformly coating a layer of vinyl resin on the surface, and then coating a layer of epoxy finish paint to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant coating.
In the seawater corrosion resistant coating prepared by the embodiment, the corrosion potential of the NiCrMoW-WC composite coating in a 3.5% NaCl simulated seawater solution is-0.3041V, the self-corrosion current density is 8.3247E-07, and the corrosion rate is 0.010 mm/a.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (9)
1. A seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating is characterized in that: the metal composite coating comprises, by mass, 50-70% of nickel, 15-20% of chromium, 5-10% of molybdenum, 2-5% of tungsten and 5-20% of tungsten carbide.
2. The seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating of claim 1, wherein: the powder of the nickel, the chromium, the molybdenum, the tungsten and the tungsten carbide is micron-sized, wherein the particle size of the nickel, the chromium and the molybdenum powder is 30-70 mu m, and the particle size of the tungsten and the tungsten carbide powder is 10-30 mu m.
3. The seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the composite coating is 500-1000 mu m.
4. The seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the nickel is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the chromium is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the molybdenum is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, the purity of the tungsten is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%, and the purity of the tungsten carbide is more than or equal to 99.90 wt%.
5. A method for preparing a seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) matrix treatment: carrying out decontamination treatment on a low-carbon steel matrix;
(2) uniformly mixing nickel, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten powder in a certain ratio, adding tungsten carbide, performing ball milling and drying to obtain mixed powder;
(3) performing coating preparation on the surface of a low-carbon steel substrate by using mixed powder as a raw material in a plasma cladding mode to obtain a metal composite coating;
(4) and polishing the prepared metal composite coating, uniformly coating a hole sealing agent on the surface, and coating finish paint to obtain the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating.
6. The method for preparing the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (2), the ball milling ball material ratio is (8-10): 1, the ball milling rotating speed is 400-500 rpm.
7. The method for preparing the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (3), the process parameters of plasma cladding are as follows: 2-3L/min of ion gas flow, 8-9L/min of protective gas flow, 8-9L/min of powder feeding gas flow, 40-60g/min of powder feeding speed and 170-190A of cladding current.
8. The method for preparing the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (4), the thicknesses of the hole sealing agent layer and the finish paint are both 10-50 mu m.
9. The method for preparing the seawater corrosion resistant nickel-based composite coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (4), the hole sealing agent is Al 2 O 3 Hole sealing agent or vinyl resin, and the finish paint is polyurethane finish paint or epoxy finish paint.
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